1. Create a table called Employee & execute the following.

Employee(EMPNO,ENAME,JOB,
MANAGER_NO, SAL, COMMISSION)

◉ Create a user and grant all permissions to theuser.

◉ Insert the any three records in the employee table contains a ributes.
◉ EMPNO,ENAME JOB, MANAGER_NO, SAL, COMMISSION and use rollback. Check the result.
◉ Add primary key constraint and not null constraint to the employee table.
◉ Insert null values to the employee table and verify the result.

Step 1: Create a user and grant all permissions:

-- Connect as a privileged user (e.g., SYS or SYSTEM)

CREATE USER emp_user IDENTIFIED BY password;

-- Grant necessary privileges to emp_user (adjust privileges as needed)

GRANT CONNECT, RESOURCE, DBA TO emp_user;

Step 2: Create the Employee table and insert records using rollback:

-- Connect as the newly created user

CONNECT emp_user/password

-- Create the Employee table

CREATE TABLE Employee (

EMPNO NUMBER,

ENAME VARCHAR2(50),

JOB VARCHAR2(50),

MANAGER_NO NUMBER,

SAL NUMBER,

COMMISSION NUMBER

);

-- Insert three records into the Employee table

INSERT INTO Employee (EMPNO, ENAME, JOB, MANAGER_NO, SAL, COMMISSION)

VALUES (1, 'John Doe', 'Manager', NULL, 5000, 1000);

INSERT INTO Employee (EMPNO, ENAME, JOB, MANAGER_NO, SAL, COMMISSION)

VALUES (2, 'Jane Smith', 'Developer', 1, 4000, NULL);

INSERT INTO Employee (EMPNO, ENAME, JOB, MANAGER_NO, SAL, COMMISSION)

VALUES (3, 'Michael Brown', 'Analyst', 1, 4500, 500);

-- Use rollback to undo the inser ons

ROLLBACK;

-- Check that the records were rolled back (should return 0 rows)

SELECT * FROM Employee;

Step 4: Add primary key constraint and not null constraint:

-- Alter table to add primary key constraint on EMPNO

ALTER TABLE Employee

ADD CONSTRAINT pk_employee PRIMARY KEY (EMPNO);

-- Alter table to add NOT NULL constraints on required columns

ALTER TABLE Employee

MODIFY (ENAME VARCHAR2(50) NOT NULL,

JOB VARCHAR2(50) NOT NULL,

SAL NUMBER NOT NULL);

Step 5: Insert null values to the employee table and verify the result:

-- A empt to insert a record with a NULL value in a NOT NULL column (ENAME)

INSERT INTO Employee (EMPNO, ENAME, JOB, MANAGER_NO, SAL, COMMISSION)

VALUES (4, NULL, 'Tester', 2, 3000, 200);

-- This insert will fail due to the NOT NULL constraint on ENAME

-- Check the result by querying the table

SELECT * FROM Employee;

2. Create a table called Employee that contain a ributes EMPNO,ENAME,JOB, MGR,SAL & execute
the following.

◉ Add a column commission with domain to the Employee table.

◉ Insert any five records into the table.
◉ Update the column details of job.
◉ Rename the column of Employ table using alter command.
◉ Delete the employee whose Empno is 105.

Step 1: Create the Employee Table:

CREATE TABLE Employee (

EMPNO INTEGER PRIMARY KEY,

ENAME VARCHAR(50),

JOB VARCHAR(50),

MGR INTEGER,

SAL DECIMAL(10, 2)

);

Step 2: Add a Column for Commission:

ALTER TABLE Employee

ADD COMMISSION DECIMAL(10, 2);

Step 3: Insert Five Records into the Table:

INSERT INTO Employee VALUES (101, 'Braham Kumar', 'Manager', NULL, 80000.00, 5000.00);

INSERT INTO Employee VALUES (102, 'Shubham Kumar', 'Analyst', 101, 60000.00, 3000.00);

INSERT INTO Employee VALUES (103, 'Aman Kumar', 'Clerk', 102, 40000.00, 1000.00);

INSERT INTO Employee VALUES (104, 'Rajan Gupta', 'Salesman', 101, 70000.00, 4000.00);

INSERT INTO Employee VALUES (105, 'Shiv Yadav', 'Clerk', 102, 38000.00, 800.00);

Step 4: Update the Column Details of Job:

UPDATE Employee

SET JOB = 'Senior Manager'

WHERE EMPNO = 101;

UPDATE Employee

SET JOB = 'Senior Analyst'

WHERE EMPNO = 102;

UPDATE Employee

SET JOB = 'Office Clerk'

WHERE EMPNO = 103 OR EMPNO = 105;

UPDATE Employee

SET JOB = 'Sales Execu ve'

WHERE EMPNO = 104;

Step 5: Rename the Column of Employee Table:

ALTER TABLE Employee

RENAME COLUMN ENAME TO EMP_NAME;

Step 6: Delete the Employee Whose EMPNO is 105:

DELETE FROM Employee

WHERE EMPNO = 105;

3. Queries using aggregate func ons(COUNT,AVG,MIN,MAX,SUM),Group by,Orderby.

Employee(E_id, E_name, Age, Salary)

◉ Create Employee table containing all Records E_id, E_name, Age, Salary.
◉ Count number of employee names from employee table.
◉ Find the Maximum age from employee table.
◉ Find the Minimum age from employee table.
◉ Find salaries of employee in Ascending Order.
◉ Find grouped salaries of employees.

Step 1: Create Employee table:

CREATE TABLE Employee (

E_id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY,

E_name VARCHAR(100),

Age INTEGER,

Salary DECIMAL(10, 2)

);
Step 2: Insert Five Records into the Table:

INSERT INTO Employee VALUES (1, 'Braham Kumar', 30, 50000);

INSERT INTO Employee VALUES (2, 'Shubham Kumar', 25, 60000);

INSERT INTO Employee VALUES (3, 'Anjali Kumari', 35, 55000);

INSERT INTO Employee VALUES (4, 'Aman Kumar', 28, 62000);

INSERT INTO Employee VALUES (5, 'Shoaib Akhtar', 40, 70000);

Step 3: Count the number of employee names from the employee table:

SELECT COUNT(E_NAME) AS "NUMBER OF EMPLOYEES"

FROM EMPLOYEE;

Step 4: Find the Maximum age from the employee table:

SELECT MAX(AGE) AS "MAXIMUM AGE"

FROM EMPLOYEE;

Step 5: Find the Minimum age from the employee table:

SELECT MIN(AGE) AS "MINIMUM AGE"

FROM EMPLOYEE;

Step 6: Find salaries of employees in ascending order:

SELECT E_NAME, SALARY

FROM EMPLOYEE

ORDER BY SALARY ASC;

Step 7: Find grouped salaries of employees:

SELECT Age, SUM(SALARY) AS "TOTAL SALARY"

FROM EMPLOYEE

GROUP BY AGE;

4. Create a row level trigger for the customers table that would fire for INSERT or UPDATE or
DELETE opera ons performed on the CUSTOMERS table. This trigger will display the salary
difference between the old & new Salary. CUSTOMERS(ID,NAME,AGE,ADDRESS,SALARY)

Step 1: Create the CUSTOMERS Table:

CREATE TABLE CUSTOMERS (

ID NUMBER PRIMARY KEY,

NAME VARCHAR2(100),

AGE NUMBER,

ADDRESS VARCHAR2(200),
 SALARY NUMBER

);

Step 2: Create the Trigger:

CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER salary_difference_trigger

AFTER INSERT OR UPDATE OR DELETE

ON CUSTOMERS

FOR EACH ROW

DECLARE

v_old_salary CUSTOMERS.SALARY%TYPE;

v_new_salary CUSTOMERS.SALARY%TYPE;

v_salary_diff CUSTOMERS.SALARY%TYPE;

BEGIN

IF INSERTING THEN

v_old_salary := 0;

v_new_salary := :NEW.SALARY;

ELSIF UPDATING THEN

v_old_salary := :OLD.SALARY;

v_new_salary := :NEW.SALARY;

ELSIF DELETING THEN

v_old_salary := :OLD.SALARY;

v_new_salary := 0;

END IF;

v_salary_diff := v_new_salary - v_old_salary;

DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary difference: ' || v_salary_diff);

END;

Step 3: Test the Trigger: Now, perform INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE opera ons on
the CUSTOMERS table to see the trigger in ac on.

Insert Opera on:

INSERT INTO CUSTOMERS

VALUES (1, 'Braham Kumar', 30, 'Bangalore', 8000);

Update Opera on:

UPDATE CUSTOMERS

SET SALARY = 6000

WHERE ID = 1;

Delete Opera on:

DELETE FROM CUSTOMERS

WHERE ID = 1;

BCS403 Program 5

5. Create cursor for Employee table & extract the values from the table. Declare the variables
,Open the cursor & extract the values from the cursor. Close the cursor. Employee(E_id, E_name,
Age, Salary)

Step 1: Create the Employee Table:

CREATE TABLE Employee (

E_id NUMBER PRIMARY KEY,

E_name VARCHAR2(100),

Age NUMBER,

Salary NUMBER

);

Step 2: Insert value in Employee Table:

INSERT INTO EMPLOYEE VALUES (1, 'Braham Kumar', 30, 50000);

INSERT INTO EMPLOYEE VALUES (2, 'Shubham', 32, 55000);

INSERT INTO EMPLOYEE VALUES (3, 'Bikash', 28, 48000);

Step 3: Create a Cursor:

DECLARE

v_E_id Employee.E_id%TYPE;

v_E_name Employee.E_name%TYPE;

v_Age Employee.Age%TYPE;

v_Salary Employee.Salary%TYPE;

CURSOR employee_cursor IS
 SELECT E_id, E_name, Age, Salary FROM Employee;

BEGIN

OPEN employee_cursor;

LOOP

FETCH employee_cursor INTO v_E_id, v_E_name, v_Age, v_Salary;

EXIT WHEN employee_cursor%NOTFOUND;

DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('E_id: ' || v_E_id || ', E_name: ' || v_E_name || ', Age: ' || v_Age ||
', Salary: ' || v_Salary);

END LOOP;

CLOSE employee_cursor;

END;

6. Write a PL/SQL block of code using parameterized Cursor, that will merge the data available in
the newly created table N_RollCall with the data available in the table O_RollCall. If the data in the
first table already exist in the second table then that data should be skipped.

Step 1: Create Table N_RollCall:

CREATE TABLE N_RollCall (

id NUMBER,

name VARCHAR2(100),

roll_date DATE

);

Step 2: Insert data in N_RollCall Table:

INSERT INTO N_RollCall VALUES (1, 'Braham Kumar', '01-22-2015');

INSERT INTO N_RollCall VALUES (2, 'Shubham Kumar', '04-22-2016');

INSERT INTO N_RollCall VALUES (3, 'Bikash Singh', '05-22-2017');

Step 3: Create Table O_RollCall:

CREATE TABLE O_RollCall (

id NUMBER,
 name VARCHAR2(100),

roll_date DATE

);

Step 4: Insert data in O_RollCall Table:

INSERT INTO O_RollCall VALUES (4, 'Amit Singh', '01-22-2015');

INSERT INTO O_RollCall VALUES (5, 'Mukesh Kumar', '04-22-2016');

INSERT INTO O_RollCall VALUES (6, 'Abhay Singh', '05-22-2017');

Step 5: Write the PL/SQL Block:

DECLARE

v_n_rollcall_id N_RollCall.id%TYPE;

v_n_rollcall_name N_RollCall.name%TYPE;

v_n_rollcall_date N_RollCall.roll_date%TYPE;

CURSOR c_merge_rollcall_data IS

SELECT id, name, roll_date

FROM N_RollCall nrc

WHERE NOT EXISTS (

SELECT 1

FROM O_RollCall orc

WHERE orc.id = nrc.id

AND orc.name = nrc.name

AND orc.roll_date = nrc.roll_date

);

BEGIN

OPEN c_merge_rollcall_data;

LOOP

FETCH c_merge_rollcall_data INTO v_n_rollcall_id, v_n_rollcall_name, v_n_rollcall_date;

EXIT WHEN c_merge_rollcall_data%NOTFOUND;

 INSERT INTO O_RollCall (id, name, roll_date)

VALUES (v_n_rollcall_id, v_n_rollcall_name, v_n_rollcall_date);

END LOOP;

CLOSE c_merge_rollcall_data;

COMMIT;

DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Data merged successfully from N_RollCall to O_RollCall.');

EXCEPTION

WHEN OTHERS THEN

DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error: ' || SQLERRM);

ROLLBACK;

END;

Step 6: To see the output command:

SELECT * FROM O_RollCall;

7. Install an Open Source NoSQL Data base MongoDB & perform basic CRUD(Create, Read, Update
& Delete) opera ons. Execute MongoDB basic Queries using CRUD opera ons.

Performing Basic CRUD Opera ons:

1. Create Opera on:

use basictask;

2. Insert Opera on:

◉ Insert single documents:

db.users.insertOne({

name: "Braham Kumar",

age: 25,

email: "[email protected]",

status: "inac ve"

});

◉ Insert mul ple documents:

db.users.insertMany([

name: "Braham Kumar",

age: 25,

email: "[email protected]",

status: "inac ve"

},

name: "Shubham Kumar",

age: 35,

email: "[email protected]",

status: "ac ve"

},

name: "Bikash Singh",

age: 28,

email: "[email protected]",

status: "ac ve"

},

name: "Shoaib Akhtar",

age: 28,

email: "[email protected]",

status: "ac ve"

]);

3. Read Query:

◉ Find all documents:

db.users.find();

OUTPUT:

[
 {

_id: ObjectId('666c78f13c52fc36f3cdcdf6'),

name: 'Braham Kumar',

age: 25,

email: '[email protected]',

status: 'inac ve'

},

_id: ObjectId('666c78f13c52fc36f3cdcdf7'),

name: 'Shubham Kumar',

age: 35,

email: '[email protected]',

status: 'ac ve'

},

_id: ObjectId('666c78f13c52fc36f3cdcdf8'),

name: 'Bikash Singh',

age: 28,

email: '[email protected]',

status: 'ac ve'

},

_id: ObjectId('666c78f13c52fc36f3cdcdf9'),

name: 'Shoaib Akhtar',

age: 28,

email: '[email protected]',

status: 'ac ve'

◉ Find documents with specific criteria (e.g., find all users with age greater than 25):

db.users.find({ age: { $gt: 25 } });

OUTPUT:

_id: ObjectId('666c78f13c52fc36f3cdcdf7'),

name: 'Shubham Kumar',

age: 35,

email: '[email protected]',

status: 'ac ve'

},

_id: ObjectId('666c78f13c52fc36f3cdcdf8'),

name: 'Bikash Singh',

age: 28,

email: '[email protected]',

status: 'ac ve'

},

_id: ObjectId('666c78f13c52fc36f3cdcdf9'),

name: 'Shoaib Akhtar',

age: 28,

email: '[email protected]',

status: 'ac ve'

4. Update Query:

◉ Update a single document:

db.users.updateOne(

{ name: "Bikash Singh" },

{ $set: { age: 31 } }

);

db.users.find({ age: { $gt: 31 } });

OUTPUT:

_id: ObjectId('666c78f13c52fc36f3cdcdf7'),

name: 'Shubham Kumar',

age: 35,

email: '[email protected]',

status: 'ac ve'

◉ Update mul ple documents:

db.users.updateMany(

{ age: { $gt: 28 } },

{ $set: { status: "inac ve" } }

);

db.users.find({ age: { $gt: 28 } });

OUTPUT:

_id: ObjectId('666c78f13c52fc36f3cdcdf7'),

name: 'Shubham Kumar',

age: 35,

email: '[email protected]',

status: 'inac ve'

},

_id: ObjectId('666c78f13c52fc36f3cdcdf8'),

name: 'Bikash Singh',

age: 31,

email: '[email protected]',

status: 'inac ve'

 }

5. Delete Query:

◉ Delete a single document:

db.users.deleteOne({ name: "Bikash Singh" });

◉ Delete mul ple documents:

db.mycollec on.deleteMany({ age: { $gt: 28 } });

5. Basic Queries:

◉ Count documents in a collec on:

db.users.count();

◉ Sor ng documents:

db.users.find().sort({ age: 1 }); // Ascending order

db.users.find().sort({ age: -1 }); // Descending order

◉ Limi ng the number of documents returned:

db.users.find().limit(5);

◉ Aggrega on queries (e.g., group by and aggregate func ons):

db.users.aggregate([

{ $group: { _id: "$age", count: { $sum: 1 } } }

]);