Understanding the nature

of Conceptual and
Architectural Design
Conceptual Design and Architectural Design are two important stages
in the creation of buildings and spaces, each serving distinct roles

•Conceptual Design: Focuses on what and why (ideas and aesthetics).

•Architectural Design: Focuses on how (detailed execution and technical
feasibility).
These two phases complement each other, with conceptual design shaping the
vision and architectural design bringing it to life in a practical, buildable form.
Conceptual Design
•Purpose: This stage focuses on generating ideas and defining the fundamental
vision and purpose of a project. It’s where creativity is prioritized, exploring
various possibilities without getting into technical details.
•Process: It typically involves brainstorming, sketching, and creating rough
models or digital visuals that represent ideas, themes, and forms. Architects,
designers, and stakeholders discuss concepts to identify the core goals and
aesthetic direction.
•Outcome: The output is often abstract, focusing on the overall look, feel, and
functional intent rather than specifics. Conceptual designs are usually
communicated through mood boards, initial sketches, and 3D visuals.
Sample of Conceptual Design:
bubble diagram/simple sketch
Here are key
areas to focus on: DREAM DESIGN BUILD
1. Purpose and Functionality
•Define the primary purpose of the building (e.g., residential, commercial, institutional).
•Consider space allocation, room layout, and usability based on the building's intended use.
•Plan for flexibility to adapt to changing needs over time.

2. Site Context and Environmental Integration

•Analyze the site’s topography, orientation, climate, and natural features.
•Design for natural light, ventilation, and solar shading to reduce energy consumption.
•Consider sustainable practices to minimize environmental impact, such as rainwater harvesting or green roofing.

3. Aesthetics and Cultural Relevance

•Reflect the local culture, history, and aesthetic values.
•Balance form and function to create an inspiring, visually pleasing structure.
•Consider building materials that resonate with local architectural styles while ensuring durability.
PASSIVE SOLAR COOLING DESIGN
4. Structural Integrity and Safety
•Ensure the building’s structural design meets local codes and withstands natural forces (e.g., earthquakes, wind,
floods).
•Use appropriate materials to balance load-bearing needs, durability, and resilience.
•Incorporate safety features like fire escapes, emergency exits, and structural redundancies.

5. Sustainability and Energy Efficiency

•Integrate energy-efficient systems like LED lighting, HVAC, and smart sensors.
•Consider passive design strategies, such as orientation for maximum daylight and thermal insulation.
•Use sustainable building materials and plan for resource-efficient construction.

6. User Experience and Comfort

•Plan for accessibility and inclusive design to accommodate all users.
•Create comfortable environments with ergonomic layouts, adequate lighting, and noise control.
•Incorporate spaces for social interaction, relaxation, and privacy based on intended use.
7. Budget and Project Constraints
•Develop a realistic budget that balances desired features with available funds.
•Plan for cost-effective materials, efficient construction methods, and contingency funds.
•Schedule for timely completion, considering potential project constraints or delays.

8. Future-Proofing and Adaptability

•Design with flexibility for future expansion or repurposing.
•Consider modular design approaches that can be easily reconfigured.
•Anticipate future technological integrations, such as smart building systems.

9. Compliance with Codes and Regulations

•Ensure design complies with zoning laws, building codes, and environmental regulations.
•Factor in requirements for fire safety, accessibility, and sustainable construction standards.
•Consult with authorities to incorporate required permits and inspections early in the process.

A thoughtful approach to these considerations results in a building that is functional, aesthetically pleasing,
sustainable, and resilient, meeting both immediate needs and future demands.
Architectural Design
•Purpose: Architectural design translates the ideas from conceptual design into
detailed plans that are feasible and functional. This stage involves defining
structural systems, materials, spatial arrangements, and adhering to building
codes.
•Process: Architects develop blueprints, technical drawings, and 3D models to
specify exact dimensions, materials, and structural elements. They may
collaborate with engineers, consultants, and contractors to ensure that all
components align with safety, cost, and regulatory requirements.
•Outcome: The result is a detailed, technical representation of the building,
ready for construction. Architectural designs include site plans, elevations,
sections, and mechanical, electrical, and plumbing (MEP) layouts, giving a
precise roadmap for execution.
Sample of ARCHITECTURAL Design:
FLOOR PLAN/PERSPECTIVE

FLOOR PLAN PERSPECTIVE

ARCHITECUTRAL
DESIGN COMPONENTS DREAM DESIGN BUILD

The components of architectural design in a building are the essential elements

and systems that come together to shape the structure, functionality, and
aesthetics of the space. These components cover both visible and structural
aspects of the building, as well as features that enhance comfort, safety, and
usability. Here’s a breakdown of the key components:
ARCHITECUTRAL
DESIGN COMPONENTS DREAM DESIGN BUILD

1. Form and Space

•Form: The physical shape and outline of the building, which defines its overall appearance and style.
•Space: Interior and exterior spaces that are planned to accommodate the building's functions, creating areas for
movement, work, relaxation, and gathering.
•Volume and Proportion: The sense of scale, height, and openness within the spaces, impacting how comfortable and
welcoming the building feels.

2. Structure
•Foundations: The building’s base, which supports its load and anchors it to the ground, preventing shifts or damage
over time.
•Frame: The skeleton or framework (e.g., steel, concrete, or wood beams) that holds the building together and bears
the weight of floors, walls, and roof.
•Load-Bearing Elements: Walls, columns, and other structural components that transfer weight from the roof and
upper floors down to the foundation.
3. Building Envelope (Shell)
•Exterior Walls: The outer layer that defines the building's appearance, insulates it, and protects it from external weather
conditions.
•Roof: Provides shelter, insulation, and protection from elements. Roof types and materials vary based on climate, style, and
functional needs.
•Windows and Doors: Openings that allow for light, views, and access. Placement, size, and material influence energy
efficiency, ventilation, and aesthetics.

4. Interior Layout and Planning

•Room Arrangement: The positioning of rooms, halls, and circulation spaces to support functionality and ease of movement.
•Partition Walls: Non-load-bearing walls that separate spaces inside the building and can be adjusted for future needs.
•Functional Zones: Defined areas for specific activities, such as living, dining, work, and rest, arranged for optimal comfort
and convenience.

5. Finishes and Materials

•Flooring: Materials like wood, tile, carpet, or concrete that impact aesthetics, durability, and comfort.
•Wall Finishes: Paint, wallpaper, panels, or other materials that add texture, color, and protection to interior and exterior
walls.
•Ceiling Treatments: Elements like suspended ceilings, beams, or moldings that can enhance the room’s look and acoustics.
6. Lighting
•Natural Lighting: Use of windows, skylights, and open spaces to maximize daylight, reducing the need for artificial lighting.
•Artificial Lighting: A mix of ambient, task, and accent lighting to ensure well-lit spaces for different activities and moods.
•Lighting Controls: Dimmers, sensors, and smart controls for energy efficiency and adaptability to occupant needs.

7. Mechanical Systems
•HVAC (Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning): Systems that regulate indoor temperature, humidity, and air quality for
comfort.
•Plumbing: The network of pipes, fixtures, and appliances for water supply, waste removal, and sometimes rainwater
harvesting.
•Electrical: Wiring and distribution of power for lighting, outlets, appliances, and equipment, often designed with future
needs in mind.

8. Circulation Systems
•Vertical Circulation: Elements like stairs, elevators, and ramps that facilitate movement between floors and ensure
accessibility.
•Horizontal Circulation: Hallways, corridors, and open spaces that allow for easy navigation within each level of the building.
9. Acoustic Control
•Soundproofing: Insulating walls, floors, and ceilings to prevent noise transfer between spaces or from outside.
•Acoustic Treatments: Using materials and finishes (like carpets, panels, and curtains) to manage sound within a
space and improve acoustics.

10. Safety and Security Features

•Fire Safety: Fire alarms, extinguishers, sprinkler systems, fire-resistant materials, and emergency exits.
•Security Systems: Surveillance cameras, access control, security alarms, and secure entry points to protect
occupants and assets.
•Emergency Exits and Stairs: Well-marked and easily accessible routes for safe evacuation in case of an emergency.

11. Sustainability Features

•Insulation: Proper insulation in walls, roofs, and floors to reduce energy consumption for heating and cooling.
•Energy-Efficient Systems: Solar panels, energy-efficient lighting, and appliances to minimize environmental impact
and operating costs.
•Water Conservation: Low-flow fixtures, rainwater harvesting systems, and greywater recycling for sustainable water
use.
12. Landscape and Outdoor Spaces
•Landscaping: Plants, trees, and greenery that enhance the building’s exterior environment and provide shading,
cooling, and aesthetic appeal.
•Outdoor Amenities: Features like patios, terraces, balconies, and courtyards that extend usable space and create
pleasant outdoor areas.
•Hardscaping: Pathways, driveways, and paving materials that support outdoor access, movement, and functionality.

13. Aesthetic and Cultural Components

•Architectural Style: The design approach (e.g., modern, classical, minimalistic) that reflects the cultural, historical, or
personal identity of the building.
•Art and Decorative Elements: Sculptures, murals, or other artistic elements that enhance visual appeal and express
creativity.
•Color Scheme and Design Theme: The use of colors, textures, and materials that create a cohesive and intentional
aesthetic.

These components collectively shape the building's form, function, and impact, aligning it with the needs and
preferences of its users and the surrounding environment. Thoughtful integration of these elements leads to a
building that is functional, beautiful, and sustainable.
 Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum /
Architect: Frank Lloyd Wright

Designed by Architect Frank Gehry, Walt

Disney Concert Hall, Los Angeles

Marina Bay Sands Designed

Architect: Moshe Safdie National Museum of Qatar
Architect: Jean Nouvel
Year: 2010 - 2019
Location: Museum Park St, Doha, Qatar
Residential Design Problem Statement (Group Work)
Project Title: Tropical Family Home in the Philippines
Location: Suburban neighborhood in Metro Manila
Lot Area: 300 sq.m. (15mx20meters) North
Building Orientation:
Front of House (North): The primary entrance is located on the north side, which will receive limited direct sunlight.This allows for a cooler entryway and offers an ideal
place for a welcoming porch or shaded entry.
Backyard (South): Utilize the southern side for the backyard or outdoor space to benefit from sunlight throughout the day, making it ideal for a garden, patio, or outdoor
seating area.
Project Objective: Design a compact, energy-efficient family home suited for the tropical climate of the Philippines. The home will provide comfortable and functional living
spaces for a family of five while using sustainable materials and maximizing natural light and ventilation to reduce energy costs. Follow (NBCP) setbacks requirements for
Residential Building
Design Requirements:
Spaces and Layout:
Bedrooms: Three bedrooms (a master suite for the parents and two smaller rooms for children) with ample natural ventilation.
Living Area: An open-concept living and dining area connected to the kitchen, encouraging family interaction and air circulation.
Bathrooms: Two bathrooms (one shared for the children and one in the master suite).
Outdoor Space: A small garden or patio for family activities and to provide additional cooling through green space.
Carport Area: For a single car
Climate Considerations:
Use wide eaves, roof overhangs, and shading devices to minimize direct sunlight and prevent overheating.
Plan for ample windows and cross-ventilation to keep the home cool naturally, reducing reliance on air conditioning.
Materials should be locally sourced where possible to reduce costs and support the local economy.
Budget and Sustainability:
Total budget: PHP ____________.00
Use eco-friendly materials with minimal environmental impact.
Community and Aesthetic:
Design a modern Filipino home that aligns with the aesthetics of local architecture, using natural materials and a minimalist style.
Ensure the home’s design respects neighboring homes, blending into the community while adding a fresh, contemporary look.
Conclusion: The design should provide a simple yet functional layout that addresses the family's needs and the Philippine climate. This home will offer comfortable,
sustainable living spaces that celebrate Filipino culture and modern architectural practices.