Creating list from existing sequences ¶

In [1]: a=list('informatics')
print(a)

['i', 'n', 'f', 'o', 'r', 'm', 'a', 't', 'i', 'c', 's']

In [3]: a=list((10,20,30,40,50))
print(a)

[10, 20, 30, 40, 50]

using eval function

In [7]: list1=eval(input("Enter your list:"))

print(list1)

Enter your list:[10,20,30,40]

[10, 20, 30, 40]

Accessing list elements

In [8]: fruits=["mango","apple","guava","pomegranate","cherry"]
print(fruits)

['mango', 'apple', 'guava', 'pomegranate', 'cherry']

In [9]: print(fruits[-2])

pomegranate

In [10]: print(fruits[4])

cherry
In [11]: print(fruits[6])

-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--
IndexError Traceback (most recent call las
t)
<ipython-input-11-a5ee2976c09a> in <module>()
----> 1 print(fruits[6])

IndexError: list index out of range

Traversing a list
In [14]: L=[1,2,55,34,67,23,11]
for a in L:
print(a,end=" ")

1 2 55 34 67 23 11

Comparing List
In [15]: 10>20

Out[15]: False

In [16]: 20==20

Out[16]: True

In [17]: [10,20]>[10,20,30]

Out[17]: False

In [18]: [10,20,30,40]>[10,20,30]

Out[18]: True

In [19]: [10,20]>[50,20]

Out[19]: False

In [20]: [1,3,5]<[1,5,3]

Out[20]: True
In [22]: [10,20,60,80]>[10,20,30,100]

Out[22]: True

Joining of lists
In [1]: a=[1,2,3]
b=[10,20,30]
c=a+b
print(c)

[1, 2, 3, 10, 20, 30]

In [2]: [1,2,3]+['a','b']

Out[2]: [1, 2, 3, 'a', 'b']

In [3]: ['a','b']+20

-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--
TypeError Traceback (most recent call las
t)
<ipython-input-3-b22b00fcdb37> in <module>()
----> 1 ['a','b']+20

TypeError: can only concatenate list (not "int") to list

Repeating a list
In [4]: list1=[11,'a','b']
print(list1*2)

[11, 'a', 'b', 11, 'a', 'b']

In [6]: list1=[11,'a','b']
print(list1*3.5)

-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--
TypeError Traceback (most recent call las
t)
<ipython-input-6-d0eec9b9faff> in <module>()
1 list1=[11,'a','b']
----> 2 print(list1*3.5)

TypeError: can't multiply sequence by non-int of type 'float'

 List slicing
syntax: List[start:stop:step]

In [9]: marks=[34,12,33,26,21,9,11]
print(marks[1:4:1])
print(marks[1:4]) #step is 1 by default

[12, 33, 26]

[12, 33, 26]

In [10]: print(marks[0:6])

[34, 12, 33, 26, 21, 9]

In [11]: marks[0:10]

Out[11]: [34, 12, 33, 26, 21, 9, 11]

In [12]: marks

Out[12]: [34, 12, 33, 26, 21, 9, 11]

In [13]: marks[0:10:2]

Out[13]: [34, 33, 21, 11]

In [14]: marks[:4] # by default it starts with 0 index

Out[14]: [34, 12, 33, 26]

In [15]: marks[2:] # by default it will take upto last value.

Out[15]: [33, 26, 21, 9, 11]

In [16]: marks[5:1]

Out[16]: []

In [17]: marks[5:1:-1]

Out[17]: [9, 21, 26, 33]

In [18]: marks

Out[18]: [34, 12, 33, 26, 21, 9, 11]

In [1]: marks=[34,12,33,26,21,9,11]

In [2]: marks

Out[2]: [34, 12, 33, 26, 21, 9, 11]

In [4]: marks[::]

Out[4]: [34, 12, 33, 26, 21, 9, 11]

In [5]: marks[::-1] #reversing a list

Out[5]: [11, 9, 21, 26, 33, 12, 34]

In [6]: marks[::3]

Out[6]: [34, 26, 11]

Using slicing for list modification

In [7]: list1=["abhinav","aditya","ayush","bhavya","chitra"]
print(list1)

['abhinav', 'aditya', 'ayush', 'bhavya', 'chitra']

In [8]: list1[3]="bhavika"

In [9]: list1

Out[9]: ['abhinav', 'aditya', 'ayush', 'bhavika', 'chitra']

In [11]: list1[1:4]=['Ram','Shyam']

In [12]: list1

Out[12]: ['abhinav', 'Ram', 'Shyam', 'chitra']

List functions and methods

 len()
In [14]: L=[1,2,3,55,1,2,56,7]
print(len(L))

list()

append()
In [1]: L=[10,20,30]
L.append(40)
print(L)

[10, 20, 30, 40]

extend()
In [4]: x=[11,55,77,99]
x.extend([100,200]) #here data is passed in list form
print(x)
​

[11, 55, 77, 99, 100, 200]

insert()
In [5]: L=[10,20,30,40,50]
L.insert(3,100) #here 3 is index, 100 is value to be inserted
print(L)

[10, 20, 30, 100, 40, 50]

In [6]: L.insert(len(L),200)
print(L)

[10, 20, 30, 100, 40, 50, 200]

 pop()
In [ ]: L=[10,20,30,40,50]
L.pop()
print(L)

In [8]: L=[10,20]
L.pop()
L.pop()
print(L)

[]

In [9]: L.pop()

-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--
IndexError Traceback (most recent call las
t)
<ipython-input-9-a522295e58ee> in <module>()
----> 1 L.pop()

IndexError: pop from empty list

remove()
In [10]: L=[10,20,30,40,50]
L.remove(30)
print(L)

[10, 20, 40, 50]

In [14]: L=[10,20,30,40,50,30,100]
L.remove(30)
print(L)

[10, 20, 40, 50, 30, 100]

In [15]: L=[10,20,30,40,50,30,100]
L.remove(80)
print(L)

-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--
ValueError Traceback (most recent call las
t)
<ipython-input-15-894e20f92058> in <module>()
1 L=[10,20,30,40,50,30,100]
----> 2 L.remove(80)
3 print(L)

ValueError: list.remove(x): x not in list

reverse
In [2]: L1=[10,20,30,40]
L2=[11,3,5,12,1]
L1.reverse()
print(L1)

[40, 30, 20, 10]

In [3]: L3=L2.reverse()
print(L3)

None

In [4]: print(L2)

[1, 12, 5, 3, 11]

In [5]: items=[10,20,30,40,50,60]
del items[2]
print(items)

[10, 20, 40, 50, 60]

In [6]: items=[10,20,30,40,50,60]
del items[2:5]
print(items)

[10, 20, 60]

In [8]: items=[10,20,30,40,50,60]
print(items)
del items
print(items)

[10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60]

-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--
NameError Traceback (most recent call las
t)
<ipython-input-8-a6831a2a447a> in <module>()
2 print(items)
3 del items
----> 4 print(items)

NameError: name 'items' is not defined

Making true copy of a list

In [9]: a=[10,30,50,70,90,110]
b=a
print(a)
print(b)

[10, 30, 50, 70, 90, 110]

[10, 30, 50, 70, 90, 110]

In [10]: a[2]=88
print(a)

[10, 30, 88, 70, 90, 110]

In [11]: print(b)

[10, 30, 88, 70, 90, 110]

In [12]: a=[10,30,50,70,90,110]
b=list(a)
print(a)
print(b)

[10, 30, 50, 70, 90, 110]

[10, 30, 50, 70, 90, 110]

In [13]: a[1]=11
print(a)

[10, 11, 50, 70, 90, 110]

In [14]: print(b)

[10, 30, 50, 70, 90, 110]

min() function
In [2]: L1=[33,10,1,44,23,100]
print(min(L1))

In [4]: L1=[33,23,100,"ip","cs"]
print(min(L1))

-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--
TypeError Traceback (most recent call las
t)
<ipython-input-4-9693ebc691c6> in <module>()
1 L1=[33,23,100,"ip","cs"]
----> 2 print(min(L1))

TypeError: '<' not supported between instances of 'str' and 'int'

In [7]: L1=[33,23,100,11.5,23.6,-10,-40]
print(min(L1))

-40

In [8]: x=1
L1=[x,33,23]
print(min(L1))

max() method
In [9]: L1=[33,10,1,44,23,100]
print(max(L1))

100
 sum() method
In [10]: L1=[33,10,1,44,23,100]
print(sum(L1))

211

In [11]: L1=[1,2,3]
print(sum(L1))

In [12]: L1=[33,-40,1.5]
print(sum(L1))

-5.5

In [13]: L1=[33,-40,1.5,"a"]
print(sum(L1))

-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--
TypeError Traceback (most recent call las
t)
<ipython-input-13-cb6513d3d9bd> in <module>()
1 L1=[33,-40,1.5,"a"]
----> 2 print(sum(L1))

TypeError: unsupported operand type(s) for +: 'float' and 'str'

WAP to find largest and smallest element in a

list
In [1]: list1=eval(input("Enter a list:"))
print("Largest element in a list:",max(list1))
print("Smallest element in a list:",min(list1))

Enter a list:[10,34,23,56,88]
Largest element in a list: 88
Smallest element in a list: 10
In [5]: list1=eval(input("Enter a list:"))
largest=list1[0] #10
for i in list1: #i=10,23,45,1,78,34
if i>largest: #10>10, 23>10, 45>23
largest=i #23, 45
print("Largest value is:",largest)
smallest=list1[0]
for i in list1:
if i<smallest:
smallest=i
print("Smallest value is:",smallest)

Enter a list:[10,23,45,1,78,34]
Largest value is: 78
Smallest value is: 1

String programs

WAP to count the number of vowels in user entered

string.
In [3]: string=input("enter your string:")
count=0
for i in string:
if i in ["a","e","i","o","u","A","E","I","O","U"]:
count=count+1
print("Count of vowels:",count)

enter your string:Ekta Garg

Count of vowels: 3

WAP to print number of occurrences of a given

alphabet in each string.
In [9]: string=input("enter your string:")
alpha=input("Enter an alphabet:")
count=0
for i in string:
if i==alpha:
count=count+1
print("Count of alphabet:",count)

enter your string:Informatics Pratices

Enter an alphabet:s
Count of alphabet: 2
In [6]: string=input("enter your string:")
count=0
for i in string:
if i in "aeiouAEIOU":
count=count+1
print("Count of vowels:",count)

enter your string:Ekta Garg

Count of vowels: 3

In [ ]: ​