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Python_Summary_Cambridge

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6 views

Python_Summary_Cambridge

Uploaded by

Walid Habbas
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Python Summary for Cambridge Lower Secondary Computing

1. Strings (`str`)

What is it?

A string is a sequence of characters, like words or sentences, surrounded by quotation

marks (`"` or `'`).

Examples:

name = "Alia"

greeting = 'Hello, World!'

print(name)

print(greeting)

What can you do with strings?

- Combine them:

full_greeting = "Hello, " + name

print(full_greeting)

- Find their length:

print(len(name)) # Output: 4

2. Integers (`int`)

What is it?

An integer is a whole number, like `5`, `0`, or `-100`.

Examples:

age = 13

print(age)

What can you do with integers?

- Add, subtract, multiply, divide:


Python Summary for Cambridge Lower Secondary Computing

result = age + 2

print(result) # Output: 15

3. Floats (`float`)

What is it?

A float is a number with a decimal point, like `3.14`, `-2.5`, or `10.0`.

Examples:

pi = 3.14

print(pi)

What can you do with floats?

Same as integers! (Add, subtract, etc.)

4. `if`, `elif`, and `else` (Conditions)

What is it?

Conditions let the program make decisions based on a test.

Syntax:

if condition:

# code to run if the condition is true

elif another_condition:

# code to run if the second condition is true

else:

# code to run if no conditions are true

Examples:

age = 13

if age < 10:


Python Summary for Cambridge Lower Secondary Computing

print("You're a child.")

elif age < 18:

print("You're a teenager.")

else:

print("You're an adult.")

5. `input` (User Input)

What is it?

A function to take input from the user as a string.

Examples:

name = input("What is your name? ")

print("Hello, " + name + "!")

6. Numeric Input

How to use?

Convert `input` to an integer or float using `int()` or `float()`.

Examples:

age = int(input("How old are you? "))

print("You will be " + str(age + 1) + " next year!")

7. Loops

What are they?

Loops repeat code until a condition is met.

Types:

- For Loop: Repeats a fixed number of times.


Python Summary for Cambridge Lower Secondary Computing

for i in range(5): # Loops 5 times

print("This is loop number", i)

- While Loop: Repeats while a condition is true.

count = 0

while count < 5:

print("Count is", count)

count += 1

8. Syntax

Python is strict about indentation. Indented lines belong to a block of code.

Examples:

if True:

print("This is correct indentation.")

9. `f-strings`

What are they?

A convenient way to include variables in strings.

Examples:

name = "Alia"

age = 13

print(f"My name is {name} and I am {age} years old.")

10. Calculations

Basic math:

a = 10
Python Summary for Cambridge Lower Secondary Computing

b = 3

print(a + b) # Addition

print(a - b) # Subtraction

print(a * b) # Multiplication

print(a / b) # Division

print(a ** b) # Power

11. Functions

What is it?

A block of reusable code.

Syntax:

def function_name(parameters):

# code

return result

Examples:

def add_numbers(a, b):

return a + b

result = add_numbers(5, 7)

print(result) # Output: 12

Practice Problem

Write a program that:

1. Asks the user for their name.

2. Asks for their age.

3. Calculates the year they will turn 18.


Python Summary for Cambridge Lower Secondary Computing

Solution:

name = input("What is your name? ")

age = int(input("How old are you? "))

years_left = 18 - age

current_year = 2024

year_turn_18 = current_year + years_left

if age >= 18:

print(f"Hello {name}, you are already 18 or older!")

else:

print(f"Hello {name}, you will turn 18 in the year {year_turn_18}.")

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