DOCUMENT RESUME

ED 192 577 011 712

TITLE English -Dari Cictionary.

INSTITUTION peace Corps, Washington, D.C.
PUB CATE Jan 79
NOTE 318p.
LANGUAGE English: Dari
EDES PRICE MF01/PC13 Plus Postage.
CE SC RI PTORS *Idioms: Phonetic Transcription: *Vocahu Word
Lists
IDENTIFIERS Bilingual Materials: *Cari
ABSTRACT
This 7,000-word dictionary is designed for English
speakers learning Dari. The dictionary consists of two parts, the
first a reference to find words easily translatable from one language
to the other, the second a list of idioms and short phrases commonly
used in eversday conversation, yet not readily translatable. Many of
these entries have no adequate translation and may thus provide an
insight into the Afghan culture. The list of translatable words gives
Dari words in Arabic script and phonetic transcription. The list of
idioms gives the phonetic transcription only. (J5)

*********** _********** **** ******* *** ** **********

Reproductions supplied by ERRS are the best that can be made
from the original document
***************************
ENGLISH -PART DICTIONARY

BY

PEACE CORPS

AFGHANISTAN

U S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH.
EDUCATION A WELFARE
NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF
EDUCATION
THIS DOCUMENT HAS BEEN REPRO-
OUCED EXACTLY AS RACEIVED FROM
THE PERSON OR ORGANIZATION ORIGIN-
ATING IT POINTS OF VIEW OR OPINIONS
STATED CFO NOT NECESSARILY REPRE-
SENT OFFICIAL NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF
EDUCATION POSITION OR POLICY

January 1979
Kabul, Afghanistan
 INTRODUCTION

This is a 316 page 7,000 word English. advice along the way, and to Ms, Barbara

Dari dictionary which hopefully will be Miller for her work on the manuscript.

mtful for English speakers learning Finally, appreciation goes to Ms. Kath-

Dari, The dictionary has two parts, the leen McCullough for making typing cor-

first a reference to find words easily rections on the last version.

translatable from one language to the

other, the second, some idioms and short

phrases commonly used in everyday conver- Paul Fishstein

sation, yet not readily translatable. M. Rahim Ghaznawi

In many cases, these entries are ones for

which no adequate traulation exists.

Thus, these idioms and phrases may help

you in getting insight into the Afghan

culture.

It is impossible to adequately thank all

who have helped in this project, but spe-

cial gratitude goes to Ms. Nancy Lamson

for her typing the dictionary and offering MAR 2 1 1980

1)
 PRONUNCIATION

Vowels:

as in about

A as in ought call

e as in rest

E as in make
M.=

I as in beast

o as in put

0 as in note

U as i-

Consonants: Most consonants are pro-

nounced as they are in Western Languages.

A few, however, should be noted:

These sounds are not found

in English. The only way to
gh master producing these sounds
is to imitate the native
kh speakers of Dar/ as they pro-
duce these sounds.
 adolescent(n) jawAn
A (adj) jawAni
address(n) Adres
YA) yak adventure(n) khAtera.
ie(v) tAnestan
sargozasht
mEtAnem advertise(v) ElAn k
xlit(prep) rAja ba advertisememt(n) Elan-e tejAratI
apprmdmately tagrfban
above(prep) bAlA advice(n) nasihat
on top of sar-e advise(v) nasthat k
absent(adj) ghayr Azer affadavit(n) ariza
accept(v) qabUl k afghan hound(n) sag-e tAzI
actident(n) etefAq afghaniN money afghani
accideatly(adv) sahwan ropa.
etefAgar, afrald(v) to be tarsidan
aecordion(n) akArdyUn
mEtarsom
aecurate(adj) sahib after(adv) bAd az
dactirri
afternoon(n) early pIshin
accuse(v) tohmat k late agar
ache(n) dard again(adv) bAz
(v) dard k a second time dtibAra
across(prep) mogAbel
gaebta
rU ba rU
against(prep) -moqAbel
action(n) areal agateM atilq
(v) to do mai k ageM) person Sea
activities(n) kArobAr
omr
actor(n) artist onarmand era zamAn
aetresa(n) onarmand egentO) legal wakr1
add(v) hesAb k
nomAyenda
adding machthe(n) mA elan -e hesAb undercover nafar-e makhsUs
 ago(adv) pEah almond(n) hAdAm
agree(v) gabtll k almost(adv) tagriban
mowAfega k nezdilc
tasdlq k alone(adj) tanhA
agreeahle(adj) amfeker alphabet(n) alethA
agreement(n) mowAfega also(adv) am
Las* nEz
agriculture(n) zerAhat amohenAn
ahead(adj) straight- rU ba rU aluminum(n) arm-
aid(n) komak always(adv) amesha
(v) hook k arwakht
air(n) awA
aniazing(adj) ajth
airfield(n) maydAn-e Myr ambassador(n) sailr
amber(n) sang-s kahroba
airplane(n) tayAra )1,..ri
amethyst(n) yAgUt-e arghawAnI
airport(n) maydAn-e awAyl ty.1)-11

amidst(prep) mAblyn
alarm clock(n) sAt=e sarmEzI die among(prep) mAblyn
and(conj) wa
albino(adj) !churl
alcohol(n) alkOl angle(n) zAwlya
liquour sharAb konj
alert(adj) bEdAr angry(adj) gar
alive(adj) zenda aninial(n) halwAn
alley(n) kocha chArpAy LL
allow(v) ejAza dAdan anotier(adj) yak d%ar
to let mAndan anniversary(n) sAl gera otJL_
alligator(n)
rnEmAnom
nehang
announce(v) ElAnk ur- 01.-41
announcement(n) ElAn
ally(v) tAhld k answer(n) jawAb

(v) jawAb dAdan 1.)

 6

ant(n) morcha arc(n) kamar

antiques(n) and kamAn
archaeological sAmAn=e atlqa oLL arch(n) kamAn

architectural tAq
anyhow(adv) ba ar sUrat architect(n) memAr
anyway(adv) ba ar Urat rt"! area(n) mantaqa .

anywhere(adv) ar jAy argue(v) goft-o go k

aparbnent(n) apArtomAn argument(n) goft-o gel
ape(n) shAdt Lcjt monAgesha
aphid(n) shebeshak mobAreza
appeal(n) legal morAjeha arrn(n) bA-zU
(v) morAjeha k armed(adj) aslehadAr
appendicitis(n) apandesit mosalah
applaud(v) ehak ehak k hA salA
apple(n) sEb army(n) ordU
apply(v) to use estemAl k 0JJJ around(prep) atrAf
to put into effect amal k circle dawr
for a job darkhAst-e kAr k LY-11 arrange(v) tartlb k
arrangement(n) tartlb
appropriately(adv) bA drOsti arrive(v) rasldan
apprehensive(adj) perEshAn mErasoni
approvalM qabUlI arrogant(adj) maghrUr
approve(v) qabUI k kAka
approxlmate(v) nezdlk k arrow(n) weapon tir
(adj) taciribi rrV art(n) fan
approxlmately(adv) twits kamAl
apricot(n) yellow zardA1U JL onar
white qaysi article(n) piece of writing
apron(n) pEshband magAla
arbor(n) chayla mazmUn
 artist(n) onannand J.......v.......A atheistic(adj) bEdin
as(cOnj) like tawai-e 0-6 bEkhoda
mesl-e ti----"' at last(adv) dar Akher
ascend(v) bAIA shodan 03---: t--: at least(adv) kam az kam
beland raftan
aqalan
ash(n) khAkestar atmosphere(n) awA
ashamed(adj) khejel J--..--; at most(adv) had-e aksar
(v) to be- khejlat kashldan at once(adv) (last"
at present(adv) flan
ashtray(n) khAkestar dAnI attempt(n) koshesh
a*(V) porsAn k
(v) kosbesh k
sawAl k
attendance record(n) Am!
parsIdan
attention(n) deqat
mEparsom
(v) to pay- deqat k
to request khAyesh k
attentive(adj) nioteweje
official dar khAstl attract(v) jalb k
asleep(adj) khaw
attraction(n) jalb
asparagus(n) mArchOba
attractive(adj) khoshtEp
aspect(n) qesmat delrobA
hesa
audible(adj) Obeli shonldan
asphalt(n) qlr audience(n) shenawendagAn
aspirin(n) asperin auditorium(n) otAq-e kanfarAns v-41
ass(n) khar
assembly(n) majles aunt(n) maternal khAla
aster(n) zEba
paternal ama
rahnA
authOr(n) nawlsenda
at(prep) ba
automatic(adj) UtUmAt
dar
automobile(n) motor
at first(adv) dar awal autumn(n) khazAn
atheist(n) bEdin
avalanche(n) snow bartkoch
bEkhoda
rock sang rEza
 avenue(n) jAda bad(adj) ItharAb
average(n) awsat morally bad
wasatl bag(n) Malta
(all) motowaset kharlta
common AdI cloth sack bUjI
avoid(v) ter-khod Amadan baggage(n) bAr
awake(v) bEdAr shodan bait(n) toma
(adj) bEdAr bake(v) pokhta k
away(adv) dUr baked(adj) poldlta
awhile(adv) kam-e walk baking powder(n) beken pOdar
awkward(adj) situation zesht baking sodatn), poll
axe(n) tabu bald(adj) kal
hatchet tabarcha tA a

ball(n) tOp
balloon(n) pQq.Ana
B ballpoint pencil) qaain-u khodkA

baby(n) human tefel bamboo(n) bAnks

oshtok banana(n) kEli
animal ohUcha bard(n) music dasta sAz
bachelor(n) mojarad
A
bandage(n) plantar
back(prep) rear posht (v) Mostar k
back from a second object bank(n) bAnk
pas Lrp edge kenA r
in back of posht-e Bar lab
backpack(n) chAnta banquet(n) memAn1
backwards(ativ) be taraf-e posht dahwat
barber(n) salmAni
(adj) undeveloped pasmAn bare(adj) ltich
bacon(n) gsht-e khUlc bargain(v) jagra k

I
 bark(n) tree post-e darakht J battle(n) jang
(v) ghaw ghaw k jedAl JI
barley(n) jaw (v) jang k
barn(u) gaw khAna jedAl k
tabEla bayonet(n) barchapak
barrel(n) water bElar barcha
tAnki bazaar(n) bAzAr
base(n) of an object pAya money bAzAr-e niyAh
conceptual qAyda grain mandayl
asAs LI be(v) blJdan
(adj) low, mean past astern
bashful(adj) sliarmendok beach(n) sAel
basio(adj) asAs1 L bead(n) prayer tasbEh
basioally(adv) asAsAn beam(n) ehOb-e dastak
basin(n) hand dastshoy bean(n) kidney lUbIyA
wash- tasht string fAsei a
basis(n) asAs bear(n) Idlers
basket(n) tokrl bear(v) children tawalod k
bat(n) sport danda animals chUcha kaahldan
animal show parak-e charmi use, di; to be born tawalod shodan
beard (n) rIsh
bath(n) public hamAm beat(v) to hit lat k
bathe(v). tashnAb k to be beaten lat khordan
bathing suit(n) mAyor beautiful(adj) maghbill
bathroom(n) tashnAb gashang
bathtub(n) jAn ahoy zIbA
tap beauty(n) maghbUl,
batteryM) betrl gasbagi
bAlti because(conj) az khAter-e ke

16
 13 14

beckon(v) eshAra k belief(n) Aldo: °

become(v) shodan
believe(v), bAwar k ALI
mEshom hlj 0 j..ervre:t4
agida dAshtan
to turn gashtan
mEgardom
etemAd k/ dAshtan 041
bell(n) zang
bed(n) wood
,ohArpAyI
takht-e khaw belong(v) taloq dAshtan iJj
bellows(n) pOlak
iron chaparkat
paka
bed bug(n) !thank
:dam-e Ahangarl J
bedding(n) began belly(n) shekam
bedroom(n) otAci-e !claw
beloved(adj) mahbUb
becIspread(n) ri hash below(prep) zEr-e
bee(n) zanbUr
belt(n) kamarband
honey zanbUr-et asal
bend(n) elbow zAnukham
bumble gaw zanbUr (v) kaj k/shodan
beef(n) gOsht-e gain
beneath(prep) zEr-e
beer(n) blr bane! 1(n) fAyda
aw-e jaw
nal
beet(n) lablalU
mat Ad
beetle(n) ciAnghozak
benevaent(adj) khoshdel
before(adv) pEsh az sakhl
earlier pEshtar bent(adj) ha]
beg(v) gadayl k
ber.ry(n) mulberry tUt
plead ozor k
strawberry tUt-e zombi
beggar(n) gadA
beside(prep) pah IU ye
begin(v) sharp k/shodan besides(edv) in addition baralAwa

beginning(n) shor0 best(adj) khUbtarin

behind(prep) posht-e ear bEtarin 4
belch(v) Aroq zaden
betray(v) shaytAnl k Ii
 15 16

betroth(v) nAmzad shodan/k bit(n) small piece tota

bite(v) chak zadan
better(adj) khtlbtar bitter(adj) tallth
bEtar black(adj) siyAh
between(prep) mAbi,y1 blackbird(n) gara gosh
beverage(n) noshidara blackboard(n) takht-e slyAh
beware(v) azar k blacksmith(n) Ahangar - Abl

beyond(prep) pEsh blame(n) malAmatl

bib(n) lergrah (v) malAmat k
Bible(n) enjil to be blamed; at fault., malAmat blidan
ketab-e mogad
r--1
bicep(n) mAhecha blanket(n) kampal
bicycle(n) bAysekel blaspheme(v) kofor goftan
bier(n) tAbUt
bleed(v) hi% raftan
big(adj) kalAn bless(v) barakat k
very big, giant bozorg blessing(n) barakat
katA
blight(n) Mat
bill(n) money nOt blind(adj) kOr
bel partially kambin
for goods bet block(n) brick khesht
bind(V) basta k tI) obstruct band k
binder(n) for paper gin blood (n) kith
binoeulars(n) dUrbln bloom(v) gel k
btograpby(n) sawAneh blossom(n) shogUfa
bird(n) parenda.
blotter(n) jAzeb
birth(n) tawalod blouse(n) bAlAtana
birthday(n) rQz-e t walod blow(v) pof k
birthmark(n) laka, blue(adj) AbI
blscult(n) beskOt
AsmAni
bison(n) gOra khar bluff(adj) tort, ly

21)
 17 18

blunt(adj) dull kond boot(n) rubber mOza

frank postkanda leather bUt.e sAcylAr
tort booth(n) ghorfa
blush(v) sorkh shodan border(n) sarhad
-with embarrassment khejAlat kashidan bore(v),_.. -a hole sorAkh k
borediadj) khasta
board(ii) takhta chOb

'j
boredom(n) khastagl
boast(v) lAf zadan
boring(adj) khastakon
boat(n) keshtl borrow(v) ciarz geref tan/k J14
awgot
body(n) jAn
boss(n) Amer
bog(n) dandaw hrt
both(pron, adj) ardU
khandaq
bother(v) dardesar dAdan 0J
boil(n) medical dAna
bottle(n) bOtal
bokhar
bottom(n) zEr
(v) jOsh kidAdan
to be boiled
0JI
pAyAn LL
jOsh Ithordan bouel(n) shAkh
bold(adj) delA war 4 boulder(n) aakhra
bolt(n) pEch
rr-1 boulevard(n) jAda. 0
bomb(n) barn
bounce(v) khez zadan
(v) bambard k bouquet(n) dasta gol
bambardomAn k L-1_
bow(n) weappn kamAn
bond(n) zamAnatichat
and arrow Ur o kamAn
bone(n) ostokhAn (v) tahzim k
book(n) ketAb yizS bowl(n) kAsa
bookcase(n) anwArI box(n) sandoq
bookpress(n) mAsh1n.e pares Lir; bake
small box got'
bookstore(n) ketAb foroshi
(v) sport boks k
ketAb khAna LL, S
boy(n) bacha
 19 20

bra(n)
dna band
wAskat ijj bribe(n) reshwat
(v) reshwat dAdan
bracelet(n) ohori to be bribed reshwat khordan
alqa-e dast
kara brick(n) khesht
brag(v) lAf zadan bride(n) arUs 01-4
brain(n) maghz, A-41J
bridegroom(n) dAinAd
brake(n) brEk bridge(n) poi Lft
bramble(n) bota-e khAr brief(adj) mokhtasar
branch(n) shAkh brlefcase(n) baks-e dastl L
twig shAkhcha brigAt(af1j) rOahan
brass(n) heron) bring(v) Awardan
(ad)) berenjl
mEyarom
brave(adj) delAwar A brisk(adj) zUd
eh* jalt
bray(v) hang zadan LL brittle(adj) ahekanenda
bread(n) nAn broken(adj) shekasta
kAn-e khoshk .L4 kharAb
break(vi) shekestan brooch(n) gol-e dna
meshkena broom(n) JArti
(vt) shekestiindan brotherM berAdar
me.shkenAnom brother-in-law(n) khosor bora
mayda k brow(n) peshAnI
breakable(adj) abekestanl brown(adj) naswArl
breakfast(n) chAy sOb brown sugar(n) gor
breast(n) atria braise(n) dAgn
breathe(v) tanatlis k (v) dAgh k
breed(v) naselgiri k brush(n) bore
breeze(n) shanalak bubble(n) gal
bAd-e Milky et bucket(n) satl
dOla
 21 22

buckle(n) belt gal-e kaniarbandJ:: bury(v) dab k

or k
bud(n) pondok bus(n) sarwEs
bug(n) basha.ra bush (n) beta.
build(v) Bata business(n) work kAr
mEsAzom busy(adj) masrUf
building(n) tank masheaUl
bulb(n) electric gor[lp but(conj) lAken
bull(n) nargaw arnA
bullet(n) go101a butcher(n) gasAb
gOla
butter(n) masks.
bunch(n) dasta butterfly(n) parwAna
bundle(n) bandal
moth shawparak
burden(n) bA r buttennilk(n) dogh
bureau(n) dresser anwArf button(n) toktna
burgitu4(n) doz buttonhole(n) kAj
burial(n) dafn buy(v) kharldan
burlap(n) tAr-c sardOz mEkharom
burn(n) sokhtagl buzzard(n) kalniorgh
(vi) sokhtan by(prep) near by atrAf
mEsozom nezdlk
(vt) sokhtAndan
mEsozAnom
burner(n) mancial
burnt(adj) sokhta
burp(v) Arog zadan cabbage(n) ka ram
burst(v) targIdan gol-e karam
natargom cabinet(n) for storage anwArl
kaffdan political kAblna
mEkafom
cable(n) wire dm
 23 24

cactus(n) zaqom canvas(n) nakh

cage(n) qafas karbAs
cake(n) kEk cap(n) kolA
calamity(n) balA capable(adj) lAyeq
Mat capital(a) political pAytakht
calciurn(n) kalsiyom goods sarmAya
calculate(v) hesAb k dArAyl
calendar(n) jantarr capitalism(n) sarAyadArI
calisthenics(a) edmAn capitalist(adj) sarmAyadAr
calf(n) gOsAla. capitive(n) aslr
calfskin(n) post-e gOsAla destglr
call(v) to hail sadA k capture(v) destgir k
telephone telefOn aslr k
calm(Aj) ArAm car(n) tutu
camel a) shotor caravan(n) qAfela
camera(n) kAmra kArwAn
camp(n) kamp carbon paper(n)
(v) kamp zadan Jj Ti kArbon pEper

can(v) tAnestan
card(n) greeting kart
mEtAnom cardamon(n) hEl
(n) container. gotl cardboard(n) (tata
canal(n) kAnAl LLS cards(n) qeta
cancel(v) bAtel k game qeta bAzI
candle(n) sham care(n) etlyAt
candleholdertn) sham dAn1 ca.reful(adj) bAetlyAt
candlestick(n) sham dAni (v) to be etlyAt k
candy(n) sherd careless(adj) bE etlyAt
cane(n) :sA chOb L carnation(n) mEkhak
cannon(n) tOp carom (n) karambOl
 25 26

carpenter(n) najAr cause(n) sabab

carpet(n) qAlln elat
carrot(b) zardak bAhes
carry(v) bordan caution(n) etlyAt
mEbarom cautious(adj) etlyAt kAr
cart(n) horse-puiled gAdi cave(n) ghAr
man-pulled karAchI cease(v) ba.s kishodan
cartridge(n) kArtUs cedar(n) sarw
carve(v) naqsh k ceiling(n) chat
case(n) container pOsh celebrate(v) jashn gereftan
instance mawzo
cash(n) nakht celebration(n) jashn
(v) a check paysa k/sAkhtan cell(n) jail kota
room for prayer liojra.
casket(n) tAbUt biology oda
castle(n) qasr cellar(n) zEr khAna
castor oil(n) jelAb robA khAna
castrate(v) khasl k cement(n) Bement
castrated(adj) bElthAya (v) cement k
catastrophe(n) balA cenietery(n) qabrestAn
bad bakhtl adlra
cat(n) peshak center(n) rnarkaz
catch(v) gereftan centimeter(n) sAntimeter
mEglrom sAntl
capture gir k centipede(n) chelpAy
to catch a bal qap k central(adj) markazl
J cat tall(n) lokh century(n) gam
cattle(n) mawAshi

rr
cereal(n) ghala
cauliflower(n) golpi ceremony(n) marAsern

31
 27 28

certain(adj) motayaqin chase(v) donbAl

&Otte atml cr....:_. gorekhtAndan
certainly(adv) yaqinan 'Ll---:--1-- mEgoreAnom
certificate(n) tasdrenAmai.---1--: J---_-,---0: cheap(adj) arzAn
certify(v) tasdiq kidAdan t:3J1.1 / JIS
cheat(v) copy -flatlet k

deal unfairly bAzi dAdan

cesspooltn) chAh-e badraft check(n) chek
chaderi(n) chAderl (v) chek k
chain(n) zeal* checkers(n) bwAzda bozo
chair(n) chawkl cheek(n) rokhsAr
chalk(n) tabAshlr cheer(v) BoshAll k
challenge(n) mobArEza cheerful(adj) khosh
RiObArEza k cheese(n) panEr
chameleon(n) sheiend chemical(adj) kern -AV
chalpAsa chemistrgi) kemiyA
champion(n) qaramAn cherry(n) sweet gElAs
chance(n) &An sour alUbAlL1
change(n) tabdfl chess(n) satranj
alteration taghir chest(n) of body stria
money poi -e slyAh large box sandoq
(v) tabdil k/shodm chew(v) jawldan
inEjaworn
channel(n) Abna LI chewing prn(n) sAjeq
chapan(n) chapan chicken(n) morel
character(n) khUsoslyat chicken pox(n) sorkhakAn
characteristic(n) moshakhas chick pea(n) shOr nakhot
charcoal(n) zoghAl chief(n) head Amer
charity(n) khayrAt (adj) main mohem
chasa(n) donbAl child(n) awlAd
tahatilb oshtok
 29

child(n) khordsAl city(n) shahr

tefel city hall(n) baladlya
childish(adj) tefelAna civilian(n) molkl
ehildishly(adv) tefelAna civilization(n) tamadon
chimney(n) dtldkash civilized(adj) motamaden
dl draw clap(v) etak ehak k
chin(n) zenakh clarification(n) tawzlh
chisel(n) eskana clarify(v) taw& k
chocolate(n) ehAldet wAzEh sAkhtan
cholee(n) entekhAo clasp(n) for paper Ira
choke(v) khafak k class(n) senf
cholera(n) kOlarA classroom(n) dors khAna
choose(v) entekhAb k senf
chop(v) teka k claw(n) changAl
mayda k clay(n gel
Christ(n) azrat-e esA clean(adj) pAk
Christian(n, adj) Iaawl sutra:
church(n) kalleA (v) pAk k
cider(n) aw-e sEb clear(adj) wAzEh
alcoholic sharAb-e sEb sAf
clerk(n) kAteb
cinnamon(n) dAlchtni mAmfir
cinder(n) khAkestar merzA
oirele(n) dAyra clever(adj) tEz
circular(adj) dAyrawl chAlAk
circumcise(v) stinat k chAbok
circumcision(n) stInatI 'zirak
circus(n) micas cliff(n) tEgha.
cistern(n) maghzan climate(n) Ab 0 a.wA
citizen(n) mailm elLmb(v) bAlA shodan
 31 32

clock(n) sAt cobra(n) mAr-e ka.pcha

clod(n) earth kolokh cock(n) khorAs
close(adj) nezdlk cockroach(n) mAdar-e kayk
(v) basta k/ shodan cock's comb(n) tAj-e khorAs
cocky(adj) kAka
-off band k/shodan coconut(n) nAryAl
closed(adj) basta shIrkhesht
closet(n) anwArl coffee(n) qahwa
cloth(n) material teka coffin(n) tAblit
piece of cloth BALI coln(n) pole slyAh epl)
clothes(n) lebAs paysa
kA1A cold(n) sardl
nicht khanok
clothing(n) lebAs (adj) sard
kAl A (n) common- rEzesh
rakht collar(n) chapa gardan
cloud(n) aber college(n) fAkolta.
cloudy(adj) aberAltid color(n) rang
clover(n) shaftal (adj) as in film, chalk
cloves(n) rakhak rangA
clown(n) mazAqi colt(n) kore asp
club(n) weapon dAng column(n) satin
group kolUp coma(n) kOrd
clue(n) neshAnl comb(n) shAna
clumsy(adj) pakhpalO (v) shAna k
coach(n) rnalem-e seport corne(v) Amadan
coal(n) sang-e zoghAl mEAyom
coaten) sportcoat kartl comet(n) setAra-e domdAr
overcoat bAlApOsh
coathanger(n) kotband comfort(n) rAhat
ArAmI
 33 34

comfortable(adj) ArArn complete(v) tamAm k

(1)1
mostaray khalAs k
C7-1"1
command(n) amr )*1 mokarnal k
(v) amr k .1,41 (ad)) pora
(n) decree farmAn mokamal
(v) fLrmAn k/dAdan 0J1J / 04 0,,,..rj completely(adv) belkol
commence(v) short) k 04.17- CtIr:i kAmellan
commend(v) tarlf k JrS L4tri.4 complex(adj) moghlaq
comment(n) ezhar-e nazar jl-rQ;1 pEchlda
(v) ethar-e nazar k jij ) LL.11 complicated(adj) moghlaq
commerce(n) tejArat pEchlda
commercial(adj) teJArati Lroi compliment(n) tarlf
common(ad)) Adl L5 sefat
mutual moshtarak (v) tarff k
common sense(n) aql-e sallm JJ sefat k
communicate(v) mokhAbera k compound(n) yard awli
communication(n) mokhAbe-rAt conceal(v) pot k
compact(n) cosmetics goti-e pOdar ji)); 14-5 concern(n) worry tashwish

companion (n)
company(b) firm
raflq
sherkat
(v)
am
tashwlsh kidAshian ij Aft,--
compare(v) moqayesa k relate to ertebAt dAshtan
compartment(n) for storage khAn-e mEz concerning(prep) rAje ha
concert(n) kAnsart
compass n) directional cloth namA conclude(v) estenbAt k
to measure circles dAyra kash conclusion(n) estenbAt
compete(v) mosAbeqa k k.jj concur(v) (DMA k
complain(v) shekAyat k 0.) LLI mowAfeqa k
complainer(n) shAkl tad% k
complaint(n) shekAyat condemn(v) inakUm k
 35 36

condiments(n) sAlan constantly(adv) dAeman

condition(n) hAlat constipated(adj) qabz
con* makhrUt construct(v) sAlchtan
confer(v) mozAkera kfdAdan mEsAzorn
consulate(n) qonsol garl
conference(n) kAnfarAns contagloue(adj) sArI
confess(v) eqrAr k contain(v) dArA bUdan
EtarAf k contaminate(v) AlUda shodan
confession(n) eqrAr chatal k/shodan
EtarAf contempt(n) egArat
confide(v) rAz goftan contemptuous(adj) aqlr
confirm(v) tasdlq k 0-1 content(adj) rAzi
confuse(v) moshawash k/shodan qAne
content(n) bar-e azani
confused(v) moshawash qAra
congratulate(v) tabrlk goftan contlnual(adj) dawAmdAr
congratulations(n) tabrlk contlnually(adv) dAeman
connect(v) yak jAy k eontlnue(v) dawAm dAdan
conquer(v) fatah k EdAma d Adan
conscience(n) wejdAn continuously(adv) dawAmdAr
conscientious(adj) radio. bE entehA
conseious(adl) bA Ush contract(n) qarArdAd
censer* mowAfeqa (v) qarArdAd k
(v) qabUi k contradict(v) rad k
consequence(n) natlja control(v) taftish k
consequently(adv) dar nattja control k
444

consider(v) dar nazar dAshtan gereftan .11; convenient(adj) wAradAr

/ conversatton(n) sobat
A
consist(v) shAniel bUdan ekhtolAt
constant(adj) dAeml
 37 38

converse(v) sobat k cotton(n) cloth An

ekhtelAt k cotton seed(n) pomba dAna
cook(n) Ashpaz couch (n) kawch
(v) pokhta k cough(n) solfa
cooked(n) pokhta
(v) solfa. k
cookie(n) kolcha: count(v) hesAb k
cool(adj) Bard country(n) mamlakat
cooperate(v) amkArl k watan
cooperatlie(adj) amkAr keshwar
cooperation(n) amkArl countryman(n) watandAr
copper(n) mos courage(n) delAwarl
(adj) most
courageous(adj) delAwar
copy(v) nagel k course(n) school kora
(n) nagel
route rAh
coral(n) marjAn-e bahrl court(n) makama
core(n) haata.
courteous(adj) bA adab
corn(n) jawArl
bAnezAkat
corner(n) konj
courtesy(n) nezAkat
cork(n) kAk
adab
corpse(n) morda
cousin(n) male offspring, paternal side
lash 0 Jlip)
awdurzAda.
correct(adj) sahDi
bacha-e kAkA LACL5
drost
female offspring, paternal side
(v) eslAh k
dOkhtar-e kAkA U1,1;L-;J
corrupt(v) tabA k/shodan
male offspring, maternal side
mAmA khEl
corruption(n) tabAhl
female offspring, maternal side
cost(n) gImat
dOldltar-e mAmA
costly(adj) goal cover(n) sarpOsh
cotton(n) raw pakhta
pOsh
 39 40

cover(v) pOsh k criminal(n) gonAh kAr

covering(n), for floor farsh Lir-4 mojrem
cow(n) gaw LS orinoline(n) dAka
coward(n) bozdel JJf crippled(adj) partially lang
tarsu
completely shot
crab(n) kharchang
crack(n) darz ii' ir3
crisis(n) :bobrAn
critical(adj)
ljz
bohrAni
shag is
criticism(h) enteqAd
craftsman(n) Mall& criticize(v) enteqAd k 0%1 rsS Li.;Lj
crafty(adj) chAlAk tangd k
crane(n) bird kOlang crocodile(n) sOsmAr
machine jam satin t1-4-4 crooked(ad)) kaj
orash(v) takar k Sr crop(n) ghats.
crawl(v) chArghawak k 0. harvest lawman
crayon(n) rang-e rOghani cross(v) for shodan rt;
crazVadj) dEwAna ri
cross eyed(adj) filch
majnit
crossroads(n) intersection chAr rAhl
cream(n) qayinAq
krorn
create(v) khalq k
crouch(v) kop kop k rr
creature(n)
credit(n)
makhlUq
kredet
Jr" crow(n)
crowd(n)
zAgh

jamlyat
crown(n) tAj
ore(n) Opal cruel (ad)) zAlem
creep(t) khazldan cruelty(n) zolm
mEkhazom jaber
oretin(n) lawda. 0 Jr,i crumb(n) rezgl
cricket(n) chercherak r-; crush(v) pecheq k .

crime(n) form crutch(n) ch0b-e zer-e ba

sin gonAh
cry(v) tears geryAn k
to cry out thigh zadan
 41 42

cube(n) mokahab cypress(n) sarwa

cucumber(n) bAdrang
cuff(n) pants qAt-e pAcha
cultivate(v) kesht k
D
munin(n) zira
cunning(adj) chAlAk
daffodil(n) na.rges-e zard
makArL
dagger(n) qama
cup(n) pyAla
dally(adv) ar rOz
cupboard(n) anwAri
rOzAna.
cure(v) shefA dAdan
dam(n) band-c aw
sehat k 0 damage(n) nags'
curious(adj) konjkiw
khesAra
curiousity(n) konjkAwI (v) IthesAra dAdan
curl(n) pEch pEch
(n) destruction kharAbl
curtain(n) panda
(v) to destroy wayrAn k
curve(n) kamAn
damned(adj) khodA zada
cushion(n) poshtl
damp(adj) martilb
bAlesht
dampness(n) nom
long, for sitting tOshak dance(n) rags
custom(n) rasm o rawaj
national dance titan
custorns(n) and immigration
(v) raqsidan
gomrok
mEraqsom
cut(v) Wirth!'
rags k
mEblirom
danger() khatar
with scissors qayclil k d angerous(adj) khatarnAk
cute(adj) qandol
dare(v) jorat k
cycle(n) dawra
dark(adj) tArTic U
omr
darkness(n) tArlici
cylinder(n) ostwAna
tiragi
pipe nal
 43 44

date(n) day tArilth deep(adj) chogor

fruit Id lomA profound arak
daughter(n) dOlditar deer(n) AhU
dam(n) saber deer fly(n) magasak-e asp
sunrise aftaw bar/mad defeat(v) shekast dAdan
day(n) rOz defend(v) defA k
dead(adj) mortla deflnite(adj) atml
deaf(adj) kar clear wAzEh
death(n) wafAt aura yaqin
debate(n) mobAhesa defonned(adj) aybl
(v) mobAhesa defy(v) ba rUy kas eatAd shock L-1.1 (TS
debt(n) garz
decay(v) to rot ganda shcdan degree(n) daraja
deceitful(adj) molar delay(v) dEr k
deceive(v) freb dAdan tAl Ithonlan
decent(adj)
decide(v)
khUb mat' k 011'5 J'"
tasinlni gore! an delicate(adj) zarli
faysala k/shodan lath
decirnal(n) ashArlya iljoa'ra
delicicus(adj) mazadAr
decimeter(n) diameter a deliver(v) oi 1J 61-04a..;
town dAdan
decision(n) tasmum bordtm
faysala
declaration(n) ezhAr
mEbarom "A
-a baby welAdat k C.A
declare(v) ezhAr k delude(v) gomrA k
ElAn k
demand(n) tagAzA U
decorate(v) zinat dAdan (v) tagAzA k
decree(n) farmAn demonstrate(v) neshan dAdan
(v) fannAn dAdan neniAyesh dAdan
deduce(v) estenbAt k political mozAhera k rJOrA
deductionp estenbAt
demonstration(n) nemAyesh
 45 46

demonstration(n) political mozAhera. IA destruction(n) kharAbi

wayrAni k
denial(n) enkAr LL...;1
determination(n) azrn
denim(n) nab develop(v) taragI k
deny(v) enkAr k pEshraft k
depot(n) dip()
r"-ItJ developed(adj) pEshrafta
depressed(adj) deg JJ development(n) pEshraft
descend(v) pAyAn shodan enkeshAil
describe(v) tashrlh k/shodatx)- / 0-1.1S cr devil(n) shaytAn
dew(n) shabnam
description(n) tashrlh diabetes(n) maraz-e shaker
desert(n). plain dasht diameter(n) gotr
regestan
diamond(n) almAs
sahrA
diarrhea(n)iY sick with eshAl
desipqn) dizAyn
shekamraw
namUna
diary(n) yAd dAsht.e rOzAna.
(v) namUna sAkhtan
tara k dice(n) chaka pAw
desire(n) Arzo
dictionary(n) ketAb-e loghat
(v) Arzo k die(v) mordan
desk(n) -mEz-e daftar mEmorom
despair(n) nA omayd fawt k
(v) nA omayd shodan az donyA raftan
despise(v) hark diet(n) parEz
dessert(n) aherni difference(n) fug
destlny(n) *bat ekhtelAf
gesm at
dtfferent(adj) mokhtalef
destroy(v) kharAb k difficult(adj) moshkol
wayrAn k
way difficult aakht
 47 48

diffloulty(n) moahkel dirty(adj) data!

prAblam cherk
dig(v) kandan
mEkanom
disagree(v) rad k
qab111 nakardan
r-h
digest(r) azm kishodan disagreeable(adj) nAmataIN JLL
dignIfied(adj) motabar disappear(v) gom ahodan
abrUmand disappoint(v) mayLls k .shodan lJ
dignity(n) shAn O'L
ja1A1 L)IP to be nAomayd shodan/blidan
diligent(adj) kosheshi
shebet disapprove(v) pesand nakadan
dim(adj) tArrk disaster(n) balA
dining room(n) otAq-e nAn .L; 6)1
bad Nichtl
dinner(n) nAn-e shaw diseipline(n) enzebAt
dip(v) chlJka k (v) enzebAt k/ dAahtan j7.2-1-1
diploma(n) shahAdat nAma
diplUm jJ
discontent(n) nArAzi
dipper(n) ivrgardAn 01JJIL:1 dlscourage(v) delsard k
malAcia 4-4Li discover(v) kaahf k
chamcha discovery(n) kashf
diptheria(n) defter! jrJ disouss(v) mobAhesa k
direct(v) to Fade rAh na mA y! k as k
discussion(n) mobAhesa
(adj) mostagim bas
direction(n) taraf orb disease(n) mara:z
vOr'
811 inarizi
directly(adv) mostaglmam disgrace(n) khejAlat
directory(n) rAhnamA disgraced(adj) bE Ab
dirt(n) khAk disguise(v) tagbir geyAfa k/-dAdan 4-.JU ji
filth ehatal! LLk /

LI
 49 50

dish(n) boshqAb disturb(v) azlyat k

collective zarf ditch(n) JUT
dishonest(adj) khAyen dive(v) ghota. zadan
dishonor(v) bE eterAmi k khod-a andakhtan
dislike(v) nefrat dAshtan divide(v) taqsim k
disloyal(adj) bEwafA divine(adj)
(.) AsmAni
dismiss(v) to fire bartaraf k division(n) tag&
release yelA k I
divorce(v) talAq k/dAdan
disobey(v) sheq k
sarplchl k dizziness(n) gals' C

disorder(n) gatwati Li dizzy(adj) ganks

display(n) nemAyesh gieh
(v) nemAyesh dAdan
dispute(n) mAjarA Ht do(v) kadan
mEononi
jedAl
to put into prat
disrespect(v) bE eterAnil k rS LA anal k
bE hormatt k doctor(n) dAktar
disrespectful(adj) bE eterAm dog(n) sag
bE hormat doll(n) godl
dissolve(v) hal k domestic(adj) khAnagl
rnonhal k donkey(n) khar
liquid aw shodan door(n) darwAza
distance(n) inasAfa dormitory(n) laylya
distance(adj) dUr j dose(n) khorak-e da.wA
distribute(v) tag& k dot(n) noqta
distribution(n) tag& double(adj) dUchand
district(n) area rnantaqa dabal
political nAhlya doubt(v) shak dAshtan
ulna (n) shak
distinct(adj) wAzEh dough(v) khamlr

4
 51 52

dove(n)
moslcha
qomrl LJ drill(n) exercise
drink(v) khOrdan
tarnrin rr
down(prep) on downward direction
mEkhOrom
pAyAn LL n@shldan
doze(v) pink! rattan mEnOshom
dozen(n) darjan C-rkJJ drip(n) chakak LL
drag(v) hash k DJJ'SLI'S (v) chakak k
dragon(n) ashdAr )" J)1A
drive(v) chalAndan
dragonfly(n) bambrrak jr-t-r-L-1
mEchalAnom
draln(n) awraw driver(n) motarwAn
drarna(n) derAm Ij a
drop(n) of liquid qatra
draw(v) a picture rasm kikashidano
1i (v) to fall aiticlan I

mEftom
water aw kashldan
taltidan 0°--t"
drawer(n) khAn-e mEz
mEtaltom
rawak-e mEz drought(n) khoshksAlI LJLL
Crawing(n) rasm drown(v) gbani shodan k Jr;
dread(n) tars drowsy(adj) Jc17._;.
IthAwAlUd
(v) tarsldan drug(n) dawA j
mEtarsom drum(n) tabla
dreadful(adj) taranAk drunk(adj) nesha
dream(v) kb a.w Man
drunkard(n) nesha
dress(n) dereshi dry(adj) khoshk
(v) pOshician duck(n) mort awl Lrq
mEpOshom
dull(adj) not sharp kond
(A) to dress someone else boring khastakon
pOshAndan. u dumb(adj) deaf and dumb gonga
mEpOshAnom
dung(n) feces go
drill(n) tool barma fertilizer pArU
(v) balm k dusk(n) shAm
sorAkh k
 53
54

dust(n) khAk easy(adj) AsAn

(v) sAti k eat(v) khOrdan
dusty(adj) khAkpor L
rnEkhorom
dysentery(adj) sick with pEch echo(n) enekAs LrLL
(v) enekAs k L LI
economic (adj) egtesAd jLjI
E economics(n) egtesAd I

economical(adj) ecitesAdi
each(pron) ar yak JL
economy(n) ecitesAd
ar kcain edge(n) kenAr LS
eagle(n) ociAb
lab kr-1
jayra edit(v) ta.s1 k
ear(n) gOsh educate(v) tab dAdan
ear ache(n) gOshdard e_ducatod(adj) tarn yAfta
early(adj, adv) wakht education(n) tales o tarblya
earn(v) kamA-I k LJ effect(n) tAdr
earnest(adj) Jed asar
earring(n) gOshwAra (v) tAsir k
earth(n) globe donyA asar k
zamin effort(n) koshesh
dirt khAk egg(n) tokInn
earthquake(n) zelzela eggplant(n) bAnjAn-e alyAh
tremor larzesh UJJf eight(n,adj) asht
takAn LS eighteen(n, adj) ajdah
earthworm(n) kerm-e man eigjity(n, adj) ashtAd
easily(adv) ba AsAni Li either(adj) da I ya da. u
east(n) sharq
mashreq elastic(n) band Mbar band
eastern(adj) shargi (adj) ertejAh
mashreqr elbow(n) body Aronj
bend zAntikham
 55
56

eiderly(adj) pir emphasis(n) tAkid

sAlkhorda emphasize(v) tAkld k
mosen employ(v) to give a job
elect(v) entekhAb k estekhdam k I

national elections
entekhAbAt-e milli to use
kAr gereftan
electric(adj) barql
electrician(n) barql empty(adj) khAlI
electricity(n) barq emulet(n) tAwlz
elephant(n) fIl encourage(v) tashwlq k
elevator(n) left encouragement (n) tashwlq
eleven(n) yAz dah end (n) Akher
eliminate(v) azf k pAyAn
ekhtesAr k khalAsI
az bayn bordan (v) khalAs shodan
ellipse(n) bayzawl (vt)khalAs k
elk(n) gawazan endure(v) owsela k
else degar enduring(adj) dawAmdAr
elsewhere(adv) da yak JAy dega enemy(n) doshman
L5jtJj energetie(adj) chAbok
embrace (n) baghal kashl LI4S' chAlAk
energy(n) enerjl
(v) baghal kashI koJi u4S engaged(adj) nAmzAd
(v) to become engaged
embarass(v) to be nAmzAd shodan
khejAlat kashldan/dAdan
engagement party(n)
dastopAcha shodan C.J shernl khOrl
engine(n) mAshln
embassy(n) sefArat engineer(n) enjenyir
embroidery(n) khAmak dozI enjoy(v) to pass the time
emerald(n) zamarot sAterI k 0
emergency(a) Ajel awAkhorl k OJ
emperor(n) shahan shAhI enormous(adj) bozorg
amprAtorl excellent fawciolAda
dJLJLJ
 57 58
error(n) ghalatl
enough(adj) bas eruption(n) Atesh feshAn
kAfI escape(v) gorekhtan
(v) to be bas k mEgrosom
keflyAt k
enroll(v) shAmel k/shodan farAr k
o.)
gorEz k
enter(v) dar Amadan escapee(n) gorEzl
especially(adv) makhasan
dAkhel shodan essential(adj) zarUr
entertain(v) sar garm k establish(v) tAhsls k
entertainment(n) sar garml
enthusiasm(n) zawq estimate(n) takhmIn
shawl (v) takhmIn k
enthusiastic(adj) alAqamand eternal(adj) jAwed
4.1414
entire(adj) tanrn even(adj) equal masAwI
entire night tamAm-e shaw including atA
evening(n) shaw
entrance(n) dar'Aza dusk shAm
dAn event(n) historical rtlIdAd
envelope(n) pAkat every(adj) ar
envious(adj) hasUd everybody(n) arkas
envy(v) hasUd bUdan everyday(adv) ar rOz
hasUd khOrdan everynight(adv) ar shaw
epidemic(n) sAri everything(n) ar chlz
epilepsy(n) mergl
everywhere(adv) ar jAy
equal(adj) barAbar evidence(n) neshAnl
equator(n) khat-e ostowA for crime shawAhed ii

equipment(n) sAmAn evident(adj) mAlUm

0-L
esbAb obvious mAlUmdAr
era(n) zamAn
erase(v) gol k evil(adj) bad
pAk k evolution (n) takAmol-e tadrlii2D4
eraser(n) pencil pensel pAk

exact(adj) correct sahlh

blackboard takhta pAk
drost
errand(n) kAr
not more, not less pora 4.1k
 59
60

exactly(adv) pora existence(n) vojUd

exaggerate(v) mobAlegha k exit(n) khArej
examination(n) test emtehAn (v) bar Amadan
expeuse(n) masraf
medical mAyna expensive(adj) qImat
examine(v) medical mAyna k experience(n) tajroba
examining room(n) mAyna khAna (v) tajroba k/dAshtan
example(n) mesAl
specimen namUna experienced(adj) bAtajroba
for example mesalan inexperienced bEtajroba
excellent(adj) besyAr khUb
All
experiment(n) emtehAnI
except(prep) ghayr
expert(n) motakhses
bEen explain(v) tashrlh k/dAdanojIJ
exercise(n) sport atmAn
school tamrIn explanation(n) tashrlh
(v) atmAn k
explode(v) enfejAr k
enflAq k
excuse(v) bakhshIdan
explore(v) kashf k
mEbakhshom
explosion(n) enfejAr
to pardon afwa k/khAst
export(n) sAder
excuse me bObakhshEn
(v) sAder k
exchange(v) tabdil k
expose(v) AshkAr k
execute(v) to perform ejrA k
express(v) eshAr k
to kill edAm k
expression(n) words estelAh
execution(n) performance ejrA extend(v) tamdId k
extensive(adj) waslh
killing edAm
exterior(n) khArej
exhibit(n) nemAyesh
extinguish(v) khamosh k
nendArtUn
gol k
(v) nemAyesh dAdan
extra(adj) ezAfa
exhibition(n) nemAyesh
extravagant(adj) khAreplAda
tazAhor
eye(n) cheshm
exist(v) wojUd dAshtan
eye ache(n) cheshm dard
 61
62

eyebrow(n) AbrU
family(n) fAmIl
eyeglasses(n) aynak
famine(n) qatI
eyelash(n) medja
famous(adj) mathUr
eyelid(n) pelk
fan(n) paka
far(adj) dUr
F
far from dUr az
fare(n) kerA
fable(n) afsAna
fabric(n) d'L
teka
face(n) rUI La)
also applies to the face or
front of any object
facing(prep) pEsh rU-e
moqAbel-e
fact(n) aqIqat
faculty(n) college

factory(n) fAbrlka
fail(v) a test nAkam shodan/mA9dan
rD1.;
at a task natAnestan
namEtAnom 1-
faint(v) zOf k
0J
(adj) weak zaIf
fair(adj) just bAensAf
monAseb
faith(n) acacia .c1

faithful(adj) bAwafA
religious bAkhoda L1A
falcon(n) bAz
fall(n) season khazAn
(v) aftIdan
mEftom
fame (n) shorat rIj I U.
t;-44.1
familiar(adj) AshnA
in a place balat JJ
 63 64

farm(n) mazrefa favorite(adj) mahlgh

kesht zAr fear(n) tars
(v) kesht k N) tarsidan
farmer(n) deqAn mEtarsom
fart(v) goz zadan feast(n) dahwat
fashion(n) fEshan mEmAni
fashionable(adj) men shlk feather(n) par
women Mahan.' feces(n) g0
fast(adj, adv) zUd fee(n) fis
tEz feeble(adj) nAtawAn
(n) not to eat rOza feed(v) animals dAna dAdan
(v) rOza dAshtanigereftan feel(v) beak
feeling(n) hes
fasten (v) makam k feet(n) pAya
basta k felt(n) namad
fat(n) cooking han felt tip pen(n) cialam-e tush
mutton r n-e zard female(n) human UnAs
sheeptall rOghan-e domba. fence(n) katAra,
ferry(n) boat keahte
(ad)) fatty farbe fertilizer(n) anbAr
large chAgh animal pArti
fate(n) gesmat chemical kOdi kemyAwl
nasib
sarnewesht festival(n) jashn
father(n) padar mEla,
AghA
religious Id
fatigue (n) mAndagl fever(n) taw
fatigued(adj) mAnda few(adj) kam
faucet(n) shIrdAn fiction(n) dAstAn
fault(n) nags field(n) grass champ!)
blame gonAh maydAn
 66

field(n) sports maydAn-e seport finished(adj) khalAs

fire(n) Atesh
fierce(adj) darenda dar
fifteen(n, pAnzdah ojL (v) to make a file der dAdan jJIJ
)k)
J
fifty(n) penjAh 0
-from a job bartaraf k
fig(n) anjir fireplace(n) ojAgh
fight(n) Jung
firm(adj) sakht
mAjarA makarn
(v) jang k () business sherkat
jangldan ftret(adj) awal
-mEjaugom awalin
filament(n) tAr firey(adj) Ateshin
file(n) for papers doslya fist(n) mosht
tool swAn fit(v) barAbar k/bUdan
(v) swAn k
fill(v) por kishoclan L jor balm
film(n) felm fish(n) mAhI
filth(n) cherk (v) mAhI gereftan
data five(n, adj) panj
filthy(adj) chatal fix(v) jor k
final(adj) Akherin fixture(n) light cherA
finally(adv) bell flag(n) bayraq
find(v) paydA k banner parch=
yAftan flame(n) Atesh
inyAfom shOla
fine('adj) khUb flannel(n) falalln
(n) penalty prima fiash(n) jam
finger(n) angosht electric jaracia-e barq
fingernail(n) nAkhlin flat(ad) hamwAr
finish(v) khalAs k/shodan 0- awAr
 67 68

flatter(v) chApalUAI k fold(n) qAt

flatterer(n) chApalUs qAt k
(v)
flattery(n) ohApalUs1 folder(n) doslya,
flatulent (adj) gOzOk follow(v) donbAl k
flavor(n) maza tahaqlh k
NO) zegher fond(adj) moslitAq
Na(o) kayk khoshdAr
flee(v) gorekhtan food(n) nAn
mEgrozom general cuisine gheza
farAr k fool(n) ahrnaq
gorEz k foollsh(adj) Amu(
flesh(n) jolt] jAhel
1E1044 amplog zadan foot(n) pAy
fliglt(n) parwAz base pAya
flood(n) 8El qAydA
(v) jaryAn k footpath(n) payAda raw
floor(n) zaxnln footstep(n) qadam
story manzel for(prep) bar-e
flour(n) Ard forbid (v) mana k/sAlthtan
flower(n) go!
Dowered (ad)) goldA r forbfdden(adj) mana
flowerpot(n) goldAnl force(n) gout
flutd(adj) awgIn
(v) majbUr k/sAlchtan fr
(n) rnAye
flute(n) tUla forefInger(n) angosht-e shahAdat
fly(n) magas
(v) , parwAz k forehead(n) pEshAni
flyswatter(n) magan kosh foreign(adj) khArejl
fog(n) gtobAr bEgAna
fogu(adj) ghobAr AlUd JJ foreigner(n) khAreji
 69
70

forenoon(n) pEsh az chAsht fountain(n) fawAra

foresee(v) pEsh k fountain pen(n) qalani-e khedrang
pEsh bin bUdan
forest(n) jangal four(ni adj) chAr
foretell(v) pEshgol k fourteen(n, adj) chArdah
forever(adv) amEsha fox(n) robA
dAonian fraction(n) math kaser
forget(v) larAmosh k fragranee(n) sweet khoshbUl
az yAd rattan ater
forgive(v) afwa frame(n) chawkAt
afa k qAb
fork(n) utensil panja. frank(adj) post kanda,
in road dU rAh frantle(adj) wArkhata
form(n) shakl dastopAcha
All
(v) tashkri k OJT- fraud(n) tagalob
formal(adj)
informal
rani
gliayr- r
uJ to cheat tagalob k
nil bad dAdan
formed(adj) tashkfl fraudulent(adj) tagalobl
fonner(adj) pEshtar free(adj) without price moft
fomerly(adv) pEshtar VI

unrestrained AzAd
fortress(n) gala idle bEkAr
fortunate(adj) nekbakht (v) AzAd k
unfortunate badbakht freedom (n) A zAdI
forty(n, adj) chat freeze(v) pith zadan
forward(adj) pEsh-e rUl frequently(adv) aksaran
pEsh fresh(adj) tAza
found(v) to establish tAsis k friday(n) jOma
foundation(n) base asAs friend(n) ratig
tadAb dOst
building tadAb friendly(adj) saralmi
organization ma.sesa dOstAna

'4
 71 72

friendship(n) dOstl J funnel(n) qIf

refAciat knny(adj) joke or person khandAwar
frighten(v) tarsAndan
mEtarsAnom strange ajlb o gharlb
frightened(adj) tarslda turn) post
frog(n) baga furnishings(n) for house farsh
from(prep) az furniture(h) mobs'
front(n) pEsh further(adb adv) dUrtar
pEsh rUl fusein) electric kilt%
frontier(n) salted fus(l) ghAlma6A1 k
frost(n) yakh band' futlie(adj) bEfAyda.
frost bite) yakh zadad future(n) Ayenda
frostbittenladj) yakh zada a

frown(v) pEshArd torshl k

badkhoyl k
Lre. G
frowning(adj) pEshAni torah LYf IP%
badkhoyl
gag(v) oq zadan
frozen(adj) yakh zada gain(n) profit fAyda
frugal(adj) sakht galoshes(n) kalrwash
frnit(n) mEwa ix&
gamble(v) qemAr zadan
dried rnEwa-e khoshk dye
gambling(h) qemAr
fry(v) beryAn k )J
06 game(n) bAzi
frying pan(n) parl pAn
011 LSIA garage(n) maar khAna
fuel(n) mawAd-e salt J garach
full(adj) person ser garbage(n) ehatall
container por garden(n) bAgh
fun(n) sAtteri L gardener(n) bAghwAn
(v) to have fun sAtterl k L garlic(n) sir
funeral(n) marAsem-e jenAza I garment(n) lebAs
lahal
 73 74

g 'tern) women band-e jorAb get up(v) from sleep az khaw khEstan

men lashtek=e jorAb bEdAr shodan C,11-4;kr161

gaa(n) gAz (vt) khEstAndan
Ox14-4J-
gasoline petrOl mEkbEzAnorn .1.
gasoline(n) petrOl giddy(adJ) greh
tEl gift(n) tOfa
gate(n) darwAza A ik
bakhshlsh
gauge(n) daraja ginger(n) zanjafll
gazelle(n) dashtl giraffe(n) zarAfa
general(adj) omUm girl(n) dOkhtar
generally(adv) omllman give(v) dAdan
generous(adj) mEhrabAn mEtom
sakhl a gift hakhshidan
genius(n) nAbegha mEbakhshom
gentle(adj) sharlf give birth(v) welAdat k
genuine(adj) asel give up(v) taslim shodan
geomet70) handasa: glad(adj) khosh
geranium(n) Jerlban masrUr
gesture(n) eshAra glance(n) nazar
(v) eshAra kidAdan (v) nazar andAkittan
'

glass(n) drinking gElAs

get(v) to acquire; to take pane shlsha
gereftan globe(n) kera-e zairtin
mEgirom glorify(v) Ezat dAdan
to become shodan tam jld k
mEshom glorious(adj) A shokoh
get up(v) khEstan glory(n) shokoh
mEldazom 0001) da.stkash
bAlA shodan glue(n) smith
 75
76

gnaw(v) jawldan graee(n) after meals prayer

mEjawom doA-e ar-e dasterkhAn
go(v) raftan
mErorn graceful(adj) bAtamkin
1:0m 4
goal(n) objective adaf gracious(adj) hospitable mEmAn nawAz
sports g01
goat(n) boz. grade(n) quality rota.
go-between(n) miyAna raw school numbers nomra.
God(n) khodA. class senf
allAh
graduate(v) fArogh tahsil shodan
gold(n) tEla.
28r
grain(n) cereal ghala
(adj) tEIA-e wheat gandom
goldfish(n) mAhi ranga granddaughter(n) nawABa.
golf(n) galf
grandfather(n) padar kalAn
good(adj) khUb grandmother(n) niAdar kalAn
in order drost
good-bye bAmAn-e khodA grandson(n) nawAsa
grape(n) angUr
khodA hafez grapefruit(n) chakotara
goods(n) mAl graperlue(n) tAk
goose(n) qA z
graph paper(n) Mgha,z-e geraf
gorge(n) small space between mountains grass(n) alai
tang kabal
Gospels(n) onjtl sabza
gossip(n) ghalbat
grasshopper(n) malalth
(v) ghalbat k grateful(adj)
uJ motashaker
government(n) hokomat grater(n) carrot zardak tarash
dawlat

cheese pair tarash

S
 77
78

grave(n) qabr grocery store(n) bagAll

gravemarker(n) sang-e qabr sabzl foroshr
gravel(n) sangchel ground(n) zamin
jaghala ground meat(n) kofta
gravestone(n) sang-e qabr gOsht-e mayda shoda
graveyard(n) qabrestAn
gravity(n) qow-e jAzeba grow(v) humans kalAn shodan
gray(adj) folAdI flowers namU k
grease(n) cooking r00an growth(n) namil
maehine growl(n) Idler klor
(v) cooking
machine
charb k
grls dAdan
(v)

guarantee(n)
Bor khor k
zamAnat
re
greasy(adj) charb (v) zarnAnat k
great(adj) bozorg
0
(n) letter of guarantee zamAnat khat
physical greatness kalAn
green(adj) sabz garantl
unripe khAm guess(n) ats
green bean(n) fAsollya (v) ats zadan
green house(n) gel khAna pest(n) mEmAn
green onion(n) nosh-e IAA z guest house(n) mEmAn khAna
greet(v) salAm dAdan guide(n) ranamA
greeting(n) salArn (v) ranamAl k
salAml guilt(n) gonAh
grief (n) gharn guilty(adj) gonAhkAr
ghosa, gun(n) tofang
grieve(v) gham khOdan pistol tofangeha,
grind(v) mayda k machine gun mashie dAr
groan(v) nAla k gunpowder(n) bArtit
J
groceries(n) sawdA gutter(n) along street jUl
Lc
uninasiwn(n). otAq-e report
JV
 79.
80

ii happy(adj) bosh
khoshAl
habit(n) Adat
masrUr
hall(n) jAla
hard(adj) difficult tnoshkel
halr(n) mIA
sakht
halrbrush(n) bors-e sar not soft sakht
half(n, ad j) aim
hardship(n) sakhtl
nesf
harm(n) zarar
half-hearted (adj) bE zawq (v) zarar rasAndan
hammer(n) chakosh
zarar mErasAnom
(v) chakosh zadan
harmful(adj) rnozer
hand(n) dast
kharAb kAr
handbag(n) dast awl
harmonica(n) baja
handicap(n) mAnE
harmonium(n) arrnoniya
physical defect rnayUb
harsh(adj) difficult sakht
handtwork(n) sonet-e dastf
rough textured drosht
handkerchlef(n) dastrnAl
hashhish(n) chars
handle(n) dasta
hat(n) kolA
dastgfr
western shapo
handsome(adj) maghblil hate(n) thnafor
gashang
(v) tanafor k
handy(adj) mofld
nef rat dAshtan
darn-e dast
hatchet(n) tabarcha
hang(v) clothes Awlzan k
haughty(adj) motakaber
execute ghar ghara k
magtrUr
hanging(n) ghar ghara have(v) dAshtan
happen(v) wAge shodan
dAroni
happening(n) etefAct
he(pron) U
wAgeha
I
happtness(n) khoshi
head(n) sar
meat kala
 S2

headache(n) sardard J helpful(adj mofld

heal(v) sehat k/dAdan C-A,L0
helpiess(adj) bEchAra
bE waslla
to be healed sabot yAftan alj hen(n) mA_kyAn
Ballot inEyA fora hepatitis(n) zardI
health(n) sehat here(adv) Inja
healthy(adj) sehatmand hereafter(adv) bad 3Z I
jor hero(n) qahramAn
hear(v) shoadan hesitate(v) dUdel bUdan
mEshnawom tamol k
heart(n) cialb
hesitation(n) tarnol
del
hiccough(n) hekak
heart attack(n) amle qalbl (v) hekak k/zadan
heartless(adj) sang-del hide(v) pot k/shodan
bE rahm high(adj) beland
heat(n) garrnl on drugs nEsha
(v) gain k bigh-sehool(n) less
heathen(n) kAfer highway(n) shArA 41 dL
bE dIn
Jo.' Le hill(n) taps
dah-rI
hillock(n) tapagak
heaven(n) janat hinge(n) ohaprAst
heavy(adj) gerAng 11; hint(n) eshAra
sangIn (v) eshAra rasAndan
hedgehog(n) khArposhtak eshAra mErasAnom
heel(n) kor-e pAy hire(v) moqarar k/shodan
height(n) belandl
hell(n) dozakh historical (adj) tArekhl
helmet(o) kolA
history(n) tArekh
help(n) komak hit(v) zadan
(v) komak k
mEzanorn
with fist rnosht zadan
 83
84

hoard(v) pasAndAz k hope(n) omid

eteklir k (v) °mid k/dAshtan
hoarse(adj) sadA-e gerefta
khashan hopeful(adj) ornldwAr
hobby(n) kAr-e zawqi hopeless(adj) nawmid
hold(v) negA k horn(n) animal shAkb
mAkarn gereftan car hAran
dAshian hornet(n) zambUr.
dArorn
horrible(adj) zesht
hole(n) sorAldi horse(n) asp
solAkh
hose(n) payp
holiday(n) rokhsaa hospitahle(adj) mEmAn nawAz
religious Id
hollow(adj) rnlyAn-khAli hospital(n) shed khAna k; Itk
hollyhock(n) Maiml host(n) mErnAndAr
j OL1-41-
holy(adj) moqadas hot(adj) gam
home(n) house khAna dAgh
land watan
spicy tond
homeland (a) watan hotel(n) hotal
homosexual(n) bacha, bAz hot pad(n) for serving zer-chAynaki
homosexuality(n) bacha hAzi
honest(adj) sAdeq hot plate(n) manqal
honesty(n) sadAqat hour(n) sAt
honey(n) asal
house(n) khAna
honeysuckle(n) anisakal residence manzel
honk(v) horn hAran kadan howl(n) Cla
honour(n) Ezat (v) qUla kashidan
(v) EterAm k
how many(int) chard
honourable(adj) mohtaram how much(int) cheqa.
hook(n) changak
cheqadar
fastener kelep
however(adv) ga.rche
 85

hug(n) baghal kashi ic yakh

(v) baghal kashi k icebox(n) yakhehAl
hum(v) zam zarna k ice eream(n) shir yakh
human being(n) ensAn idea (n) nazarlya
bashar feker
humble(adj) bE keber ideal(n) Arzo
humidity(n) rotUbat (adj) bEhtarin
humeur(n) mazAq
identification(n) card tazkera
hunehbaek(n, adj) kop idiot(n) abla
hundred(n,adj) sad nAdAn
hunger(n) goshnagl idle(adj) free bEkAr
hungry(adj) goshna
lazy bEkAra
hunt(v) shekAr k
I f(prep) aga
hunter(n) shekAr ignoranee(n) nAdAni
hunting(n) shekitrI Ignorant(adj) nAdAn
hurry(v) ajala k
ipore(v) ahmlyat nadAdan
shetAb k 111(adj) m adz
hurt(n) dard nAjor
(v) dard k illegal(adj) gliayr-e gAnUni
husband(n) shawhar
illiterate(adj) bEsawAd
shUI Illness(n) maraz
hush(v) khamosh k
marizi
chop k ima gination(n) kheyAl
hyacinth(n) sombol
imagine(v) kheyAl kidAshtan
hymn(n) sorUd
imitate(v) taglid k
imbecile(no adj) kormaghz
nAdAn
immature(adj) nAra.s
I(pron) ma
immediately(adv) dasti
fawran
 87
b8

impatient(adj) bEhawsela indeed(adv) ba rAstl

impedimentm) mAne aqiciatan
impolite(adj) bE adab Independence(n) esteglAl
import(n) wAred independent(adj) mostagel
(v) wArtA k index(n) fehrest
important(ad) mohem India ink(n) slyAhi
bozorg
ImportanceM)
impossible(adj)
ahmiyat
nArnoinken
indicate(v)
indication(n)
indifferent(adj)
eshAra, k
eshAra t
bE tafAwot
impotent(adj) khonsa indige3tion(n) badazml
zalf indirect(adj) gilayr-e mostartfin
imprison(v) band! k/shan
individual(n) fardl
improve(v) eslAh k shakhs
chAra k
(adj) en! erAdi
linprovement(n) eslAh industrIous(adj) fahAl
chAra porkAr
in(prep) not inside dar zahrnat kash
ba
Industry(n) sonat
Inside dar bayn inefficient(adj) bEtAslr
incident(n) etefAq inexperienced(adj) bEtajroba
tasAdof idant(n) tefel
income(n) darAma d infectM to become infected
salary mAsh aw gereftan
incompetent(adj) nAlAyeq iniected(adj) fAsed shoda
hicompletqadj) nAtamArn infer(v) estenbAt k
incorrect(adj) ghalat inference(n) estenbAt
Inconvenient(adj) nArAm inferior(adj) pastar
increase(n) tazid pAyAntar
(v) tawseha dAdan influence(n) asar
zeyAd shodan Usti'
 89 9b

influence(n) political tAslr-e siyAhsl insensitive(adj) bE S

bEAtefa
tAsIr andAkbtan/aword n inside (prep) dAkhel
0J.ii darUn
influenza(n) enfloyenzA insist(v) esrAr k
inforrn(v) khabar dAdan insistent(adj) shala
etIA dAdan inspect(v) taftlsh k
agahl dAdan inspection(n) taftlsh
hformation(n) nalUmAt chek
khabar inspector(n) mofatesh
mlrAs gereftan instead(adv) ewa z-e
:njection(n) pEchkArl institnte(n) masesa
.njure(v) awgAr k/shodan instruct(v) tallrn dAdan
dais dAdan
njury (n) zakhm instrument(n) tool sAmAn
awgAr musical aAmAn -e mUsIqi
nk(n) rang
nk holder(n) dewAt J insult(n) tawhln
n_k pad(n) range tApa t..t;) (v) tawhln k
nnocent(adj) bEgonAh tahqir k
nquire(v) porsidan insurance(n) blma
rnEporsona intelligence(n) nobUgh
porsan k
rive
intelligent(adj) zaki
sawAl k oshyAr
nquity(n) porsAn 01.4 intend(v) qasd k
asane(adj) LIEwAna 4,J intention(n) manzUr
sanity(n) jonUn azm
isect(n) hashara tr:--- qasd
lsecticide(n) dawA-e hashara interest(n) zawq
I ,5 I1 delchaspI
 91
94

intereston) ooney slid

invention(n) ekhterA
fAyda
kashf
interestVadj) deichasp
inveatigate(v) tabqlq k
interfere(v) modakhela k
investigation(n) tahqfq
interior(n) dAkhell
invitation(n) written dahwAt nArna
intemational(adj) baynolmelali

invite(v) dahwat k .J
interpreter(n) tarjoman
iris(n) zanhaq
Interrogate(v) tahqiq k
iron(n) ayln
sawAl k
for clothes UtU
interrogation(n) tahqlq
(v) UtU k
interrupt(v) Bata k
irreligious(adj) bEkhcda
interruption(n) ekhlAl
bEdln
intersection(n) chAr rAyl
irritable(adj) kamhawsela.
interval P)) wagfa.
tond khoy
interview(n) mosAheba
irritability(n) kamhawselag
(v) mosAheba k
toad khoye
intestine(n) roda
irritate(v) kamhawselad k
intimate(adj) samimi
intimidate(vt) tarsAY:dan
tond boy° k
natarsAnom to become irritated kamhawsela shor:lan:
into(prep) da
ba
04
island(n) jazlra
ilitmdcated(adj) nEsha
itch(n) khAresht tLwg
-mast
(v) toitch khAresht k
introduce(v) mareil k
to scratch khArldan
intrcduction(n) mareff
mEldiA ram J
invade(v) taharoz k
Ivory(n) Aj 6
tnvasion(n) taharoz
invent(v) ekhterA k
kashf k
 94

journal(n) jarlda
diary yAd dAsht-c rOzAna
jadal(n) shaghAl
j.oket(n) sport coat kora joy(n) khoshl
jade(n) y! m Judas tree(n) arghwAn
jailtn) band khAna judge(n) 021
mahbas (v) gazAwat k
(v) to jail band k judgement(n) qazAwat
jam(n) jelly morabA jug(n) jag
ar(n) martabAn large clay jug kOza
botal juice(n) sharbat
jun[11(0 yAsaman jump(n) khEz
Jaw(n) alAsha (v) khEz kizaflan
Jealous(adj) haarld jungle(n) jogai
Jelly(n) morabA junk(n) radl
jest(n) mazAq Jupiter(n) Moshtarl
(v) mazAq k just(adv) fariat
Jesus(n) hazrat-e IsA just now
jet(n) airplane Jet (ad]) adel jJ
Jew(n) yahtld justification(n) dally JeJJ
jewel(n) zewar
job(n) wazga
kAr
K
join(v) to connect yak jAy k
-a club shAmel skin kangaroo(n) kangro
joke(n) mazAq kebab(n) kabAb
(v) mazAq k keep(v) nogA k
joker(n) mazAqI kernel(n) hasta
jolly(adj) khosh khoyl nughz
,khosh- khandAn kerosene(n) tel-e khAk

97
 95 96

kettle(n) thy josh Idtolten(n) Ashpaz khAna

key(n) hell
kite(n) god' parAn
kick(v) beat zadan
0 kagaz parAn
Idd(n) goat bozghAla kitten() chUbae pesh6
child bacha
(v) to joke roazAq k
Iiee(n) zAnU
bAzi dAdah
heel (v), zAnU Wan
kidney(n) gorda 4.4 WO(i) hArd
koshtan
0'6 jachife ohAqt1
TnEkoshom A

Imit(v) bAftan
az bayn hordan
niEbAfom
idller(n) murderer Adam kosh (adj) bAftagl
kiln(n) dAsh=e khesht
knob(n) dast,g1r
kilometer( krianeter hook(v) taq taq k
kin(n) by ..L,zJ gam knot(n) greh:
by mL,, jge khEsh
(v) greh k
idnd(n) (Nein
know(v) fAmidan
racism
mEtAinom
(adj) niEhrabAn
a person shenAkhtan
kindness(n) mEhrabAni
mEshnAsom
lot(
lmowledge(n) dAnesh
kindergarten(n) kod akestAn
known(adj) malUrn
king(n) pAdshAh
knuckle(n) band-e angosht
shAh
itingdom(n) shAhl
Koran(n) goran-e sharlf
saltanst
kiss(n) InAch
boss
(v) bosIdan
mEbosom
mAch k

qi'1
 L lane(n) kocha
language(n) lesAn
label(n) teket zabAn
labor(n) kAr lantern(n) align
(v) kAr k fAnUs
laborer(n) kArgar lapis lazuli(n) sang-s lAjward
lace(n) lays
shoe - band-e but large(adj) kalAn
lack(n) el-1*M bozorg
(plat last(adj) Akherin
(v) kambUd dAshtan (adv) Akher
lad(n) Neils latch(n) golfak
ladder(n) zlna-e chObi late (ad), adv) nAwakht
ladle(n) thumb lately(adv) I rOzA
large malAcia later(adv) paaAn
lady(n) khAnom
pasAntar
lake(n) band-c aw in the future dar Ayenda
jahfl latest(adj) Akherin
lamb(n) meat gOsht-e gosfand latitude(n) arz ol balad
latrine(n) kenArAb
leg of rAn-e per khAk andAz
chops chAmp laugh(n) khanda,
baby sheep barn (v) khandak
lame(adj) lang laughter(n) khanda
lamp(n) cherAgh laundry(n) dirty kAlA
kerosene charAgli-e tEll

lavatori(n) tashnAb
lampshade(n) shEt-e prop law(n) general houoq
land(n) zamln specific ciAntin
landlord(n) sAheb-e khAna lawn(n) chaman
 99 100

lay(v) to lie down darAz kashidan leave(v) to put mAndan

1)4
mEmAnom
put down mAndan
to depart arakat k
mEmAnom lecture(n) lekehar
-an egg tokhm dAdan rh;
Li0JA (v) lekehar dAdan
laziness(n) tamball 4.145. leech(n) jOk
lazy(adj) tambal
leek(n) gandana
hEkAra At
ledge(n) 'Ask kOh
lead(n) sorb yr left(adj) side chap
(adj)
(v)
sorb!
ur remaining mAnda
rahnamAyl k
Le .1 bAqi
leader(n) rahnamA La) leftovers(n) nAn-e bAsI
1r ..(n) berg
garbage pasniAnda
leak(n) chakak
leg(n) pAya.
(v) chakak k
legal(adj) gAntini
lean() takya k
legislatetv) gAntingozAri k
(adj) lAghar
leap(v) khEz lilzadan J ciAntin sAkhtan
learn(v), yAd gereftan
lemon(n) limo
Amokhtan
lcnd(v) clan dAdan
mEAmozom
other than money Arlyat dAdan
lease(n) ejAra,
garArdM
length(n) tiJi
(v) garArdAd k
darAzi
ejAra dAdan/gereft
lens(n) eyeglass aynak-e zarabin

least(adj) kamtarin
adjustable adasiya zarabb
at least Evian
kam az kam
telephotn dUrbin
leather(n) charm
leopard(n) palang
(adj) charm!
leprosy(n) jazAm
C

103,
104
 101 102

less(adj) kern lie(v) drOgh gotten

lessee(n) kerAya glrenda to lie do darAz kashldan

lesson(n) data life(n)

LrJ zendagl
abaci J÷- hayAt
let(v) allow ejAza dAdan dj6J lifetime(n) ornr
mAndan lift(v) bardAshtan
mEmAnorn -.I4A
mEwardArom
to rent kerA k jJ; light(n) nUr
lethargie(adj) mordan1 rOshanl
rnayzOf fixture oherAgh
letter(n) maktUb
light bulb'. gorop
!that
(v) to light a fire dar dAdan
'Ann
of alphabet harf Atesh k Us
lettuce(n) kAu
to turn on a light fixture
level(n) tool awtarAzU
rOshan k
(adj) awAr (adj) bright rOshan
liar(n) drOgh goi not heavy sobok
ltbel(n) tawhth
lightening(n) almAsak
liberate(v) AzAd k like(v) khosh dAshtan
liberty(n) AzAdI
(prep) mes1=e
esteglAl
liklihood(n) shabAhat
librat:(n) ketAb IdiAna
likely(adv) momken as
licence(n) ejAza nArna emkAn
driver's Huns likowise(adv) mAnend
lick(v) lEsldan shabt
mElEsom lilao(n) yas
lid(n) sarpOsh lily(n) sUsan
lie(n) drOgh
lime(n) fruit limo

105
106
 117 118

murderer(n) Adamkosh napkin(n) dastmAl JLi

murmur(v) pos pos k dastpAk dLj
muscle(n) mAhicha narcissus(n) narges
azala nation(n) mamlakat
museum(n) mUziyam keshwar
mushroom(n) samAroq of people melat
music(n) mUzik native(adj) watani
sAz person dAkhell
must(aux) hAyad natural(adj) tabahi
zarUrat dAshtan naturally(adv) taban
mustard(n) mastArd tabyatan
mustache(n)
mute(adj) gong
borUt albata d1
nature(n) tablyat
mutton(n) gOsht-e gosfand nauseous(adj) delbad
naughty(adj) shUkh
mutual(adj) moshtarak near(adj) nezd1
my(adj) az ma atrAf
mystery(n) ramz garD)
rAz nearly(adv) tagriban
myth(n) afsAna garThan
neat(adj) pAk
sotra
N neccssary(adj) lAzIniI
zarUri
nail(n) mEkh neoessity(n) zarUrat
(v) mEkh k neck(n) garden
(n) fingernail nAkhon necklace(n) golUband
naked (adj) loch gardanband
name(n) nAm nate (n) nektAyl
east need (n) ehteyAj
nap(n) khaw zarUrat

121
 119 120

need(v) kAr dAshtan niece(a) berAdar zAda, 0 J1j

zarUrat dAshtan
khwAr zAda
needle(n) sozan night(n) shaw
hitting slkh-e bAft nightingale(n)
needlework(n)
bolbol J4-1
dast dUzi
nightmare(v) to have slyAl pakhsh
negative(adj) mann
jJj
(n) felm
nimble(adj) chAlAk J
neighbor(n) amsAya
ohattiq
neighborhood(a) anisAyagl nine(n, adj) nO
nephew(n) berAdar zAda
nineteen(n) nozda OJpJ
nerve(n) asAb
ninety(n) nawad
nervous(adj) asabI no nE
jendi
na khayr
nest(n) AshyAna
noble(adj) sharlf
nentral(adj) bEtaraf najib
bEgiiaraz
nobody(pron) Ech kas
never(adj) Echwakbt
nod(n) EshAra,
never mind parwA nEs
(v) EshAra k
nevertheless(conj) hA wojUd-e noise(n) ghAlmagliAl
nomad(n) kllohI
new(adj)
jadld
now
mAldA r JJJL
nonanate(v) nomad k h an / oirS
news(n) idiabar
Lj J=. m!e'F

news broadcast IthabarA tahln k/shodan

newspaper(n)
L)4 Lr
akhbAr
none(pron) Ech
rOznAma
nonsense(n) ehatl L
next(adj) dega
IbEmAnA
Ayenda
non-stop(adj) bEdUnI tawaqof
niee(adj) kWh
pretty qashang noon(n) ohAsht
kind mEhrabAn
nor(con) nE

124
123
 121 122

normal(adj) AdI
0
north (n) shamAl
northern(adj) shamAli oak(n) bet
north pole(n) otb-e shainAl oath(n) gasam
nose(n) bird
sawgand
not nE
obedience(n) fa.rmAn bardArl
note(n) letter khat
memo yAd dAsht
etAhat
class note nOt
obedient(adj) sAleh
notebook(n) ketAbeha V ' mad
nothIng(pron) Ech chiz obey(v) etAhat k
nottce(n) ElAn
object(n) ebb
alchtAr
shay
AgAhi
(v) eterAz k
nourishing(adj) mogAaz.1
observation(n) moshAheda
mogawi
observe (v) moshAheda k
novel(n) nAwol
now(adv) Al-e
obtaln(v) gereftan
Omni
mEgrom
no matter parwA nEs hAsel k
nowhere(adv) Ech jAy
obrlous(adj) mAlUm
number(n) nomra wA zEh
nurnerous(adj) ohandln
mallimdAr
besyAr
occasion(n) mop
nurse(n) nars forsat
parastAr
oeeaslonally(adv) yagAn wallt
nut(n) maghz
nuts maghzeyAd gAhe
nutmeg(n) hEl-e kalAn
occupation(n) taken eshghAl
nylon(n) naylUn

126
125
 123 124

occupation(n) work wazlfa olive(n) zaytUn

kzsbo kAr omit(v) hag k
occupied(adj) eshghAl aflat k Li
occur(v) wAge shodan on(prop) on top of sar-e
roith dAdan not off rOshan
ocean(n) bahr chAlAn
o'clock baja (v) to tiun on rOshan Wshoclan
odd(adj) strange ajib
not even tAq chAlAn kishodan
odor(n) bUl
of(prep) az on the contrary barkbelAf-e
off(prep) not on gal once(adv) yak dafa,
(v) to turn off got k yak bAr
(prep) far off dUr az once upon a time (to begin a story)
offence(n) tawhln bUd na bUd
offend(v) rangdan one(nA) yak
mEranjorn oneself (pron) khod
office(n) daftar onion(n) pyaz
government hokomat only(adv) faqat
official(adj) rasml tanhA
often(adv) bArhA onward(adv) rUbarU
cil(n) rOghan f. A
opal(n) shesh-e tabAshed
for car moblel
ointment(n) marham open(adj) wAz
malam (v) wAz k
old(adj) people pr opening(n) beginning eftetA
pokhtasAl shorO
sAl khorda hole solaki
things kOna operate (v) surgical amallyat kishodan c-L-v-10
farsUda
used goods laylAm

127 128
 125 126

operate(v) a machine chAlAn k OJ1-4 orbit(n) madAr

orchard(n) hAgh-e rnEwa orL
)

to do amal
operation(n), surgical amaliyAt
order(n) goods
command
farmAyesh
amr
rr
business mAmela
(v) farmAyesh dAdan
opinion(n) nazarlya
ray
amr k/dAdan
oplum(n) taryAk
tz arrange tare dAdan
kolmAr
orditary(adj) Adi
opportunity(n) chAns
orgazdy(adj) dAka
forsat
organization(n) mosEsa
mauls monAseb 4-i-
organize(v) taahkfl k
oppose(v) molkAlefat k
origin(n) asAs
mabda
opposite(prep) against zed-e
manba
bar khalAk
original(adj) asll
facing mogAbel
rUbarU
orphan(n) wlout mother yI 4141'114
w/out father yatlm
pEsh-e rU
ostrich(n) shotor morgh
oppress(v) zoirn k
other(adj,n) dega
oppressetl(adj) maziUm
otherwiae(adv) aga nE
oppressive(adj) zAlem
waga nE
optimism(n) klioshbin
our(ad)) az mA
nekbin
out(prep) outside berlin
optimistic(adj) kboshbin
khArej
or(conj) yA
extinguished gol
oral(adj) tacirirl
outbreak(n) of disease shop
zabAil
brUz
orange(n) mAlta
outcr%a) faryAd
sour orange rLArenj
outdoor(adj) begin
(adj) color nAranjl
outllne(v) kholAaa k

129
130
 127 128

outside(prep) berUn p
IthArej
oven(n) dAsh pack(n) bastanl
over(prep) bAlA-e jUal
on top of sari (v) basta k
finished khalAs to load bAr k
overcoat(n) bAlApOsh package(n) basta
overcome(v) fatha k pArsal
OAleh shodan packet(n) pAkat
dafa k
M(n) aria
overflow(v) labrez shodan pain(n) dard
overhead(prep) bAiAi ear painft(adj) dardnAk
overlook(v) lehAz k paint(n) rang
oversiht(n) ghalati
(v) rang k
overtake(v) rasldan painter(n) rangmAl
mErasom pair(n) jora
overturn(v) spill sarchapa k pajamas(n) derishi=e khaw
a government sarnegtin k

ralcht-e khaw
owe(v) garz k/gereftan palace(n) ciasr
owl(n) bUrn
kotl
own(v) azIthod kisAlltan emArat
pale(adj) karn rang
(adj) azidicd zard
mal-e khod palm(n) of hand kaf-e dast
owner(n) sAheb tree darakht-e khormA
mAlek
oxcart(n) karAohl
Pan(n) rOghandAgh
oxygon(n) Aksijan karAyl
oyster(n) sadaf panic(n) tars

131 132
 pansy(n) Adorn chera part(n) qesmat
pant(v) nafasak zadan hesa
panties(n) santarAj partloipate(v) eshterAk k
pants(n) patlUn particular(adj) makhsUs
wide tombAn partleularly(adv) makhalsan
paper(n) kAghaz partisan(n) tarafdAr
sheet of waraq partly(adv) gasman
(adj) kAghad partner(n) shank
paper olipin) kAghazglr partridge(n) kawk
paper outter(n) kAgliaz bar party(n) dawat
paper punoh(n) mAshin-e sorAkh mEmAni
pass(n) mountain kotal
parado(o) rasml gozasht (v) ter shodan
(v) rasml gozasht k DJ gozashtan
paradise(n) behesht mEgozarom
janat passageM) part qesmat
paralyzed(adj) shot travel safar
shal passenger(n) mosAfer
parallel(adj) mawAzi past(n) gozashta.
parcel(n) pArsal sAbeq
basta pasture(n) alafzAr
parents(n) wAledayn patch(n) pins
park(n) pArk path(n) rAh
bAgh-e UmUmi patiencecn) hawsela
(v) park k saber
estAd k patient(adj) bAhawsela.
LJ

parllament(n) pArlamAn sick person mark

shorA patriot(n) watan parast
parrot(n) tllta pattern(n) namUna,
parsley(n) gashnlch pause(n) waqra,

(v) tawaqof k

133
134
 131
132

panja pepper(n) morch

changAl red morch-esorkh
pea(n) mate black morch-e siyAh
peace(n) aolha green morch.e tAza
man percent(n) used
peaceful(adj) solh dOst perfect(adj) talann
ArAm (v) Oka k OrS
peach(n) shaftAlt perfectly(adv) kAmelan
peacock(n) tAva perform(v) ejrA k
peak(n) mountain nok performance(n) ejrA
gola perfinne(n) atr
peanut(n) bAdAm-e kohl perhaps(adv) shAyad
pear(n) nAk gUyA
pearl(n) morwArld period(n) dot noqta
peculiar(adj) alb time zamAn
pedal(n) rekAb modat
for bicycle pAydal perish(v) talaf k
peel(n) poet permission(n) ejAza
(v) post k note. of taadfq
peg(n) gi-rA permit(n) jawAz khat
penalty(n) majAzAt (v) ejAza dAdan
ja zA mAndan
fine jarlm:_ mEmAnom
pen(n) galam persist(v) esrAr k
pencil(n) pensel person(n) nafar
pencil eraser(n) pensel pAk shahs
pencil sharpener(n) pensel tarAsh personal(adj) shakhsl
personnel(n) amala
pennfloss(adj) Indies Lr _11
mAmUrin

135 136
 133 134

perspiration(n) araq physioal(adj) jesmi

perspire(v) araq k
examination mAyna-e BIM
persuade(v) targlfi k
tashwlq k
piano(n) pyAnO
pirsue(v) molAheza k
pick(n) tool kodAl
taqlb k
klieg
pessimism(n) badblni (v) to choose khosh k
pessimistio(adj) badbin entekhAb k
pest(n) person rnQkhel picnic(n) mEla
insects garg
picture(n) aks
pestle(n) dast-e awang
taawlr
pet(n) haywAn-e IthAnagl
drawing rasm
piece(n) tota
(v) nawAzesh k
teka
petition(n) pita Beta
(v) ariza k
pierce(v) aorAkh k
petty(adj) kat* pig(n) khUk
jozhl
pigeon(n) kaftar
petunia(n) patUni
kabUtar
pharmacy(n) dawA khAna
pile(n) kOt
Pushtu danneltUn
toda
study of dawA sAzI
pilgrim(n) hAjl
phlox(n) falAkes
pilgrimageM) hAj
phone(n) telefUn
tAblet
(v) telefUn k
goll
phonograph(n) gerAmAfUn L. I
pillar(n) sUtUn
photograph (n) aks
pAya
(v) aks gereftan
pillow(n) bAlesht
Aka k
poshti

137
 135 136

pilot(n) pilot plain(adj) sAda

pin(n) straigfit BMW' plan(n) design oxtails:
jewelry gol-e slna pelAn
pinch(n) chondok (v) pelAn k
(v) chondok gereftan tarha. k
plane(n) tool rands
pine(n) archa airplane tayA ra
pine nut(n) jalgboza planet(n) sayAra
ping pong(n) pengpAng
plant(n) bota
plit(adj) golAbI
nabAt
14e(n) PUP (v) ahAndan
nal
mEahAn m
for smoking payp kAslifen
water,pipe °beim mEkA rom
pistachio(n) pests plaster(n) palaetar
pistol(n) tofangoha sir: gel
001) seed hasta (v) piaster k
maghz
plate(n) boahciAb
hole chA
platter(n) gnarl
ohociori
play(n) sAtterl
pitcher(o) jak
bAzi
(5)
doloha
drama derAm I
pity(n) rahm 1)
(v) bAzi k
shafaqat
1r
sAtterl k
place(n) jAy
to play an instrument sAz kizadano4 j L.
(I)to put. mAndan
mEmAnom
plead(v) dAdkhwabi k J5 vAlr_;41i
to leave gozashtan kbAyesh k
ingzArom pleasant(adj) good tempered
plain(n) desert dasht
khoah khoy
harowAr
Y;

139 140
 137 138

please(v) lthosh sAl[htan polish(v) pAlesh kidAdan

(adv) lotfan
pleosing(adj) delpesand jalA dAdan
pleasure(n) Mosta rang k
pliers(n) palAs polite(adj) bAadab
plod(v) qadam zadan
politeness(n) adab
plow(n) qolba politieal(adj) slyAsi
(v) qolba k polities(n) *Ant
plum(n)
poll(n) aksavat-e AM
plumberin) basta kAr pomeganate(n) oar
pluinbing(n) basta kArl pool(n) water awz
plural(adj) jam poor(adj) gbarlb
pneumonia(n) ainEbagbal nAdAr
poem(n) sbEr poplar(n) chenAr
poet(n) shAher
popular(adj) Adi
poetry(n) ahAherl
mashUr
point(n) noqta
mahbUb
end nok
popularity(n) mabbtkat
neshAn dAdan poppy(n) gol-e aorkh
poison(n) zahr
poppy seed(n) IdiAshlthAsh
(v) masmUrn k populatIon(n). naftle
pole(n) chOb-e dastak porch(n) biranda o

cloth
pork(n) gOsht-e khiik
poliee(n) polls porter(n) qAbobi ur-ri
traffic police tarAilk
darbAn j
-station mAmozyat
position(n) mawqef
polish(n) pAlesh hAlat JL
jalA
wazIyat
boot polish rang-0 but positive(adj) not negative mosbat

112

141
 139
140

positive(thij) certain atmi powder(n) pOdar

motayaqen
power(n) qowat
possess(v) dAshtan
zOr
dArom
powerful(adj) qawl Lcy
ruAlek 'Aldan
bAgowat
land zarnin dArl k
practice(n) mashq
taint,
possessions(n) mAl
praktes
tasarof
(v) mashy k
zabt
tamrin k k:ritria;
possessive(adj) melid
praktes k
possible(adj) moniken
praotical(adj) amali
possibility(n) einkAn
praise(n) tArtf
posstbly(adv) shAyad
(v) tArif k
momken
(n) praise for God setAyesh
postage(n) posta
(v) setAyesh k AL
postcard(n) postkArd
pray(v) narnAz khAndan
post office(n) posta khAna
ebAdat k 1.4
postpone(v) matal k
prayer(n) namAz
pasandAkkan
ebAdat
pasmEndAzoni
prayer. bead s(n) tazbE
pot(n) dEg
preach(v) wahz k
potato(n) kachAlU
precaution(n) tadbIr
potter(n) kolAl
precede(v) pEsh raftan
pottery(n) kolAll
preceeding(adj) sAbeq
powid(n) paw
moqadam
pour(v) khAli k
precioua(adj) qimati
rekhtAndan
azlz
mErezAnom
predict(v) pEshgoE k
poverty(n) gharibi
prediction(n) pEshgoE

143 144
 141
142

prefer(v) tarjeh dAdan pri.roary(adj) lower ebtedAyl

pretnant(adj) hAmela main asil
shekamdAr
primitive(adj) sAda
preparation(n) tahlya bat
prepareM tsyAr k prince(n) shAh zAda
present(n) gift tOfa princess(n) shAh dokht
bakhshesh
principaIN school mcdIr
the present AlE
OD ate
fElan
principle(n) 280
(v) pEsh k tarlq
taqIiiii k
qAnun
(adj) here AzEr print(v) chAp k
president(n) rahis priority(n) taqadom
of country rahls-e jamIJr prisoner(n) handl
mahblIs
prawn) printing matba private(ad)) shakhal
(v) feshAr dAdan privilege(n) emteyAz
pressure(n) feshAr prize(n) enAm
pretend(U) bahAna gereftan Lr'zird probable(adj) ehtemAII
probably(adv) ehtemAl
pretty(adj) magabIll momken
qashang
produce(v) tawild k
prevent(U) mainAne'at k production(n) tawlld
prevention(n) mamAnelat profession(n) pEsha
prevlous(adj) 8Abeq
shogrhl
price(n) ghat professional(adj) multi!
prlceless(adj) bEqlmat herfawI
pride(n) gitortfr
profeasor(n) ostAd
Prime Minister(n) sadr-e azam proficient(adj) mAher
profit(n) fAyda
Prime Ministry(n) sedArat
mafAd

145
 143
144

profitable(adj) maid prosecutor(n) modahl-el-omIlm frdluiJA

program(n) progrAm
progress(n) pEshraft prospect(n) good Ayenda-e Ida
taraqi
(v) pEahraft k bad Ayenda-e ItharAb
taraqi k
prosperity(n) &Wet
progreasive(adj) motarag nekbakhtl
pEshrafto
prostitute(n) fAhesha
project(n) porozha proteet(v) negA k
(v) pEshbInl k hefAzat k
promise(n) wAda
protection(n) hefAzat
(Y) wAda k/dAdan
negA
protest(n) ehterAz
proof(n) esbAt (v) ehterAz k
&till
proud(adj) maghrtir
propaganda(n) tablIgh prove(v) esbAt k
prolpropAgand
sAbet k
proper(adj) monAseb proverb(n) zarb ol maul
shAesta
promote(v) toraqi k/dAdan jj
I
mats'
provide(v) teheya k
property(n) tnAl
provinee(n) welAyat
land zam1n dArI
public (ad j) °Mimi
prophesy(n) pEshgoE public bath(n) harnAm
prophet(n) paygbAmba-r
publish(v) nastier k
proposal(n) pEshnehAd chAp k
tagAzA
puddIng(n) Odin
propose(v) pEshnehAd k
PO(n) Pof
prose(n) naaer (v) pof k
prosecute(v) mohAkema k put(n) 11100 of pot
paysa

148
147
 145 146

pull(v) kash k quality(n) jensyat

kashIdan quantity(n) meqdAr
mEkashom quarter(n) yak chArak
pump(n) water bamba 1/4 8Tak bar chAr) hesa
pamp queen(n) maleka
(v) pomp k queer(adj) ajth
pumpkin(n) kadU question(n) sawAl
punch(v) mosht zadan (v) sawAl k
punctual(adj) wazlfa shenAs quick(adj) tEz
bA wakht
zUd
puncture(n) in tire panchar quiekly(adv) bazUdi
punish(v) jazA dAdan quiet(adj) chop
punishment(n) jazA khAmosh
purchase(v) kharldan (v) chop k
rnEkharom khAmosh k
pure(adj) khAles quilt(a) lehAf
purple(adj) benafsh quit(v) estefA k
purpose(n) maqsad quite(adv) tamAman
purse(n) dast kawl quote(v) eqtebAs k
push(v) zOr k
tela k
put(v) mAndan
R
mEmAnom
puzzle(n) moamA rabbit(n) khargosh
rabies(n) maraz-e sag-e dEwAnad"

Q race(n) contest mosAbega

people nedjAd
quail (n) bod an a
Jens
qualified(adj) lAyeq
(v) mosAbeqa k
raslda

149
150
 147 148

racket(n) sport danda j---jj raise(v) bAIA k

raket, taracjI dAdan
radiant(adj) tAbAn L!1; raisin(n) keshmesh
drokhshAn j rake(n) shAkhl
radiate(v) tAbldan (v) kharAshldan
mEtAba J---%14e mEkhkrAnom
radiator(n) car redetar ram(n) qach
radio(n) rAdIyO (v) zarba zadan
radish(n) molt ramble(v) gashtan
torb Yr--; mEga.rdom
red- moll sorkhak LrJa without purpose EIA gaxdl k
white- molt safedak
radlus(n) shoA random(adj) tasAdoft
raft(n) zhAla L 4jIA range(n) scope daraja
rag(n) sAff
mountains selsela
rage(n) kheshem rap(v) za.rbat zadan
qahr rape(v) tajawUz k jji
ragged (ad j) kOn a
dast andAlditan
shArida o
rapid(adj) zUd
1*(11) shab khtin jald
hamla k tEz
rall(n) railroad rEl rare(adj) kamyAb
khat-e Ahan ty--41
rascal(n) lochak
railLng(n) katAra 0 LS raz11
railroad(n) khat-e Ahan rash(n) zakhm
rain(n) bArA-n
Abela
(v) bArAn bAridan L1 (adj) chAlAk
bArAn, mEIA ra
JJLIe j)L. jald
rainbow(n) kidinAn-e rostam r".1 1L S rasbly(adv) bachAbokl
rat(n) kormlish
rainy(adj) bArAn1

151 152
 149 150

rate(n) qlmat reality(n) haqiqat

nerkh realization(n) dark Jj..1
rather(adv) bEhtar realize(v) dark k ji
awaltar fahmidan
pEshtar rnEfAhmom
na-C4L-4"
ration(n) jIra. " 1
really(adv) rAstl kr-1-4"
(v) jlra dAdan wage'an
rational(adj) magil reap(v) daraw k J
peaandbia to collect jam k
rattle(n) jegh jeghak reappear(v) dUbAra pAycl a shodan 14, 0 .11-.)J
for baby bAzleha
(v) jegh jegh k rear(n) ageb
raven(n) zAgh
posht
kalAgh
(v) to raise tarbla k
raw(adj) khAm
rearrange(v) dUbAra tartlb k
ray(h) rOshani
razor(n) mAshin-e rish reason(n) darn.
blade pal sabab
tEgh
khAter
reach(v) rasldan (v) darn Awardan
mErasom eatenbAt k
read(v) khAndan
reasonable(adj) maqUI
mEkhAnom
monAseb
to study tnotfilea k reassure(v) mobna'en sAkhtan
reader(n) klAnenda
literate bAsawAd rebel(n) yAghi
ready(adj) tayAr motamared J
Azer
rebellion(n) shOresh
ArnAda
rebuild(v) az sar AbAd k
real(adj) haqiql

153
154
 151 152

rebuke(v) malAmat k reeord(v) sabt k

recall(v) yAdAwari k Jr-- L$AJ recover(v) jebrAn k
recede(v) khod dArI k Jr-g-
to heal jor shedan
receipt(n) radd recreation(n) tafrlh
receive(v) gereftan recruit(n) estekhdAm
mEgIrom (v) estekhdAm k
hAsel k
rectangle(n) chArkonj
recent(adj) tAza
mostatIl
naw
red(adj) sorkh
recently(adv) bat A zagl
redeem(v) to save nejAt dAdan JJIJ
akhIran
reception(n) qabUl Jr reduce(v) takhfif dAd an
party pazIrAyI ur tacit!' k/dAdan 0)-
recipem) fUrraill-e nAn
recitation(n) bayAn
kam k/shodan
recite(v) from memory az yAd khAndall Jit reed(n) khas
reed pen qalam-e mashq
reokless(adj) bEbAk ci
bEpa rwa
5Y--1 reel(n) fishing charkh
recognize(v) shenAkhtan
movie rol-e felm
mEshnAsom
(also used fro political recognition)
r-- '- refer(v) frestAdan
mEfrestom
recollect(v) dlJbAra jam k DJLJ rojo k
referee (n) refrl
recommend(v) sefAresh k (v) refrigari k
recommendation(n) sefAresh reference(n) morAjela
reconsider(v) tajdld-o nazar k nesbat
refine(v) sAf k
record(n) file sabt
tasfiya k
yAddAsbt L----41jjLt reflect(v) enekAs k
musical rekArd J
to think tafakor k r--

156
155
 153
154

reform (u) eslAh

regular(adj) moratab
taghlr
monazam
(v) eslAh k
MI
taghlr dAdan
regularly(adv) monazaman
refrain(v) k_hcd dAri k
regulate(v) qaMr dAdan
refresh(v) tAza k
tatin k
refreshrnent(n) mashrUbat-e tAza 6-1 reign(n) dawra
(v) pAdshAl k
refrigerator(n) yakhchAl
rein(n) qaiza
refuge(n) panAgAh
t jelaw
refugee(n) mahAjer
refusal(n)
J------i----a reject(v) rad k r-.5 j)
rad J
rejection(n) ra4
refuse(v) rad k t:JJ) S J)
__
tardid J-1Jr;
emtenAh k
rejoice(v) khosh hAil k
qabtfl nakadan Jr
regain(v) bAz yAftan
relate(v) nesbat dAdan oi 1J
dUbAra gereftan iiiir 0 rabt dAdan 1:JJ 1 J
regal(adj) saltanat
relation(n) nesbat
shAhAna
rabt
regard(v) relAyat k
respect EhterAm k A. family by blood qavan
family by marriage khEsh
(n) respect EhterAm r.....---.2.
relationship(n) rAbeta
region(n) mantaqa Likl, relative(n) by blood qawm
register(n) record book rAgestar by marriage khEsh
attendance book ketAb-e AztaliSriL.. 1 relax(v) esterAhat k
relay(v) pakish k
(v) sabt k
release(v) AzAd k
regret(n) afsos '1
LrY1/24 rehA k
(v) afsos k/khordan jJ0---1- / j -1 i crril E1Ak
reliable(adj) mo.arned

1-8
157
 155
156

relief(n) komak remote(adj) dUr

dast girl remove(v) kashIdan
relleve(v) rAhat sAlditan mEkashom
religion(n) din dUr k
religious(adj) dindAr renew(v) flaw k
bAkhodA tajdld k
Oar
relish(n) ehatel ronounce(v) sarf-e nazar k
sour torshi
(v) macs k renown(n) shohrat
reluetant(adj) bEmall renownecl(adj) mAltif
motaraded mashUr
rely(v) etemAd k rent(n) money kerA
remain(v) bAqI mAndan (v) to take kerA gereftan
remainder(n) bAgImAnda
pasmAnda to give kerA dAdan
remains(n) baciAyA reorganize(v) dlibAra tartlb k
asar
remark(n) ezhAr-e nazarlya repair(v) jot. k
tarmlm k
(v) tabsera k repay(v) Ewaz dAdan
remarkable(ad)) qAbel-e tnolAheza4 Lj16 tAwAn dAdan
repeal(v) laghwa k
remedy(n) chAra 0 bAtel k
ElAj repeat(v) tekrAr k
remember(v) ba yAd Award an repeatedly(adv) tekrAran
OJAI
repel(v) rad k
remembrance (n) yAd gAr data k
remind(v) ba. yAd dAdan repellent(n) for insects dawA-e zed-e-ashara
remorse(n) peshemAnl 0
ndAmat repent(v) toba k

159 160
 159 160

responsible(adj) to blame malAmat reveal(v) ezhAr k )

fAsh k
responsibility(n) masUilyat revelation(n) wa' e
L
blame malAmati elhAm
r
rest(n) repose esterAhat revenge(n) enteqAm
remainder bAqi (v) enteqAm gereftan rSuUzi
(v) esterAhat k LJr revenue(n) darArnad
restaurant(n) rasttJrAn mAlIya
restless(adj) bEtAb reverence(n) EhterAm
nArAm review(v) bAzdkl k
restore(v) give back pas dAdan tekrAr k
repair
restrict(v)
tarmlin k
mandUd k
0-J revise(v) tajdld-e nazar k. jL J

restriction(n) mandUdyat revolt(v) shOresh k

result(n) natija revolution(n) engelAb
resume(v) dawAm dAdan revolutionaiy(adj) engelAbl
edAma dAdan revolver(n) tofangcha
resurrection(n) mAhshar reward(n) pAdAsh
qiyAmat
maul
retain(v) negA k (v) mozd dAdan/gereftan
da IthAter dAshtan tJ
retard (v) Ahesta k 0.1)-5 rheumatism(n) romAtezoni
takhir k dard-e mafsal
retire(v) taqAwod k
rbinocerous(n) gargadan
kenAragirl k
e L.6
rhubarb(n) rawAsh
retract(v) pas gereftan Sr rhyme(n) qAtiya
return(v) p: dAdan jljtr; wazn
pas Aniadan Iul rib(n) meat qaborgha
pas raftan
rice(n) berenj
reunion(n) ejtemA La.,1 shAll

161 162
 161
12
rich(adj) poldAr rtpe(adj) nada, °
dawlatmand pokhta
riches(n) towAngarI ripen(v) redden
dawlat mErasa
rid(v) khalAs Wshodan rise(v) harldiAstan
barmEkhEzom
AzAd shodan khestan
riddle(n) moamA mEkhEzom
rams risk(n) Ithatar
ride(n) sawAri (v) ba khatar andAkhtan
(v) sawAr kishedan
ridicule(n) estezA rival(s) Wig ir,:trekr
maskhara nab
(v) maskhara k river(n) daryA
rifle(n) tofang rUd
right(adj) direction rAst road(n) Barak
correct soh& rAh
rAst jAda
darost roam(v) ElA gardl k
rlghteous(adj) sAdeq roar(v) ghoridan
haqbln
mEghorom
rightly(adv) barasti roast(v) beryAn k
rim (n) hA shlya kabAb k
kenAr rob(v) don
ring(n) finger angoshter OArat k
circle halqa rahUdan
chela
mErobAyorn
rinse(v) awkash k robber(n) doz
riot(n) balwA
rahzan
shOresh
pickpocket kis abor

164
 13 164

robAb(n) robAb round(adj) gerd

robe(n) chapan fat kolola
jArna rouse(v) bEdAr k 1J-171
lebAs route(n) rAh D

rock(n) sang jAda

sakhra routine(n) rOzmara
rocket(n) rAket row(n) line sal
rocky(adj) sang/ qatAr JLL
red (n) sit
roll(n) bun
disturbance dard-e sar jr... Jr)
Iola (v) a boat belcha zadan
(v) lola k royal(adj) shAhAna a I
lot khordan
shAhl
u---k
romantic(adj) khly All rub(v) mAlIdan
roof(n) bAra
mEmAlom
room(n) otAci
rubber(n) rAbar J
rooster(n) khorAs
pencil eraser penselpAk
root(n) della -rubbish(n) tofAla JL
rope(n) resmAn ruby(n) yAqUt
tanAb
lal
roe(n) golAb JI
rude(adj) bE adab
rot(v) boslda kiskdan khashan
rudeness(n) bE adabl
gandIda k/shcdan
gostAkhl
rug(n) knotted carpet ciAlln
rotate(v) charkhldan prayer jAy-e namAz
nacharkhom woven gelem
rotten(adj) bosida thin woven satranjl
ganda
ruin(n) kharAba
rough(adj) drosht walrAna
koloft
(v) kharAb k

166
 165 166

rule(n) qAleda
sad(adj) jegarkhiin
(v) hokUmat k Oj saddle(n) zln
ruler(n) straight edge khat kash
sadness(n) ghanIghl
safe(n) for money sail
sovereign hokUmrAn
(ad)) bEkhatar
rumor(n) awAza
mail%
a!wa
safeguard(n) hefAzat
ruz(v) dawldan
(v) befAzat k
mEdawom
hemAyat k 0.J
rural(adj) dehAtl
saffron(n) zahafarAn
rostAtI
safety(n) bekbatari
rush(n) reed hamla
-pin peng
hurry ajala
saii(n) bAdbAn
shetAb
(v) kesht.lrAnI k
(v) yoresh k
sallor(n) keshtlbAn
rust(n) zang
maliAh
(v) zang zadan
saint(n) moqadas
nisty(adj) zang zada
wall
rye(n) jawdar
sake of,. tor the thAtter.e

az harAy-e
8
salad(n) salAta
chaff
sack(n)
salary(n) mAsh
gUnI
tankhA
MAD
sale(n) forosh
sacred (ad)) moodas ubri
lelAmI
sacrifice(n) UI
gorbAnI
fedA Li salesman/woman(n) foroshenda Jjj:tri
sad(adj) deg JJ
dokAndAr
khafa
saliva(n) aw-e dAn
%r1

168
 167 168

salt(n) namak sapphire(n) yAcitit-e kabUd

salty(adj) namakl
shOr sarcastio(adj) tanatArnez
salutationo) salArn
kenayadAr
rasme tazim satan(n) shaltAn
salute(v) salAm dAdan satchel(n) khoriin
salAmi zadan satellite(n) qamar-e masnUyi
salvage(v) nejAt dAdan
salvation(n) nejAt satin(n) atlas
roatagArl satisfaction(n) rezAyat
salve(n) marham satisfactoiy(adj) rezAyat-bakh'shulLI Lk)
zamAd
same(adj) anion
satisfy(v) rAzi k
samovar(n) sartAwAr khosh k
sample(n) nanifina Saturday(n) shanibE
sand(n) rEg Saturn(n) zohal
sandal(n) chapll saucer(n) nAlbakl
sandpaper(n) rEgmAl savage (adj) wahl shi
sandwich(n) sandwich harbor'
sandy(adj) rEgzar save(v) nejAt dAdan
rEgi pasandAz k
sane(adj) sAlem-Agel savings(n) sarfajUf
tandrost pole pasandAz
sonitary(adj) sell saviour(n) nejAt-dehenda
sanitation(n) heizolseha, savor(v) lezat
tabAbat
saw(n) ara.
sanity(n) salAmat-e age' (v) ara k
sawdust(n) bor-e ara
KvAna-rawi say(v) goftan
sapCn) ahlra mEgoin
sha rbat

17U
i69
 169
170

seab(n) archeq scheme(n) tarha

blmAr
nagsha
scaffold(n) gAleb-e chObl (v) tarha k
scald(v) sokbtAndan
school(n) maktab
InEsozAnom -house madrasa
scale(n) rule tarAzU -teacher mAlem
music sor
science(n) dAnesh
scalp(n) poste sar elm
scar(n) dAgh
sAyens
neshAn
scientific(adj) elmi
scarce(adj) kampaydA
scientist(n) Alem
kamyAb
dAneshmand
nAder
sAyns-dAn
scarcely(adv) nAderan
scissors(n) galchi
nodrat
scold(v) daw zadan
ba sakhtl
goftAr k
carcity(n) kaniyAbl
malAmat k
qAt
scope(n) waslat
gelat
kalAnI
scare(v) tarsAndan
scoroh(v) sozAndan
mEtarsAnom
mEsozAnon
scatter(v) tit shodan
score(n) khat
motafareg kishod an
borldag
neshAn
scene(n) theater sahna nomra
natural beauty manzara (v) khat kikashtlan
scenery(n) manzara
scent(n) bUy
scorn(n) khwArt
schedule(n) jadwal
(v) tawhIn k
tagslm-e asvgAt
scorpion(n) gazhdcim

171 172
 171
172

scour(v) dawldan a
scrub(v) mAlesh dAdan
mEdawom sculptor(n) mojasama-sAz
clean pAk k
scowl(v) torsbril k sculpture(n) mojasamarsAzi
scramble(v) talAsh k
tacialA k
sea(n) bahr
scrap(n) teka pAra seal(n) mark mohr
zarra
scrape(v) tarAshldan
mEtarAshom
fl r-'1.*
neshAn
(v)

seam(n)
mohr k
darz
jJ L"

kharAshIdan
ii
bakhya
mEltharAshom
search(n) Jost*
scratch(n) IthAresh L.; talAsh
(v) kharAshldan (v) -for pAlldan JL
mEkharAshom
ba nAlchiJn k L.; " season(n)
mEpAlom
mOsem
Hk
to Itch khAridan fasel
'mEkhArom (v) flavor namak dAdan
scratch pad(n) chatal nawIs Lrr seat(n) chawki
scream(n) fajyAd JLri (v) jAy dAdan 0J1i
chigh
Please be seated' lotfan beshened
(v) chigh zadanikashidan

second(n) time sAnya

screen n) jAli (adj) dowom
parda
secondary(adj) sAnawl
screw(n) pEch doword
ui).1
(v) pEch k secondary school(n) maktah-e sAnawl crL
screwdiver(n) pEchtaw
cr
scrlpture(n) ketAb-c mociadas secret(n) serf dr-
pDshida. 6

rAz
uiI

173
174
 173
174

secretary(n) monshi
sakartar
sect(n) ferqa
rrL
16irj
self-defense(n) komak ha khod

self-rellance(n) eternAl ha nafs 141 I

hezh,
section(n) area hesa sell(v) forokhtan
shoba mEforoshom
gesmat
sawcIA k
secure(v) mabfliz k send(v) rawAn k
obtain farAhmn k frestAdan
(adj) whit% mEfrestom
security(n) amniyat senior(n) chief bozorg
zamAnat AbeqdAr
see(v) elan elder bozorgta.r

seed(n)
-mEbinom sensation(n) ehsAs LI
tokhm
sense(n) five senses hes-e panjgAna
Mosta
seedling(n) galama t..,.;
hawAs-e panjgAna
seek(v) pAlldan meaning mAnA

seem(v)
rnEpAlom
malUm shod an
sensible(adj) maqUI Jr-
mahstis
seize(v) gereftan sensitive(adj) hasAs
rnEglrom sentence(n) words jom1-.:
zabt k
for crime fetwA
seizure(n) tasarof (v) mahkihn
zabt
sepazate(atli) jedA
seldom(adj) banodrat Alaida 0
nodratan ,J
(v) jedA k
select(v) entekhAb k septio(adj) ganda,
self(n) hod serene(adj) sAi
self-control(n) khod dArl
rOshan
AIM =

175
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 175
176

serial(adj) mosalsal seven(n, adj) haft

sericulture(n) pilawarl 6)) seventeen(n, adj) abda
series(n) selsela seventy(n, adj) aftAd
reshta
sever(v) jedA k/shodan
majmoa
several(adj) ehandLn
serious(adj) jI motafaded
shadid
severe(adj) sakht
seriously(adv) jeddan
shadld
shadIdan
severely(adv) shadldan
sermon(n) van baulkl
(v) wa.'az k
sew(v) dolditan
serpent(n) mAr
mEdozom
sernin(n) shorn
sewage(n) khandaq
servant(n) nokar
sewer(n) itbraw
khedmatgAr
sewing maehine(n) mAshin-e khayAti
mazdtir
Lam'
serve(v) khedmat k
sex(n) jeans
service(n) khedmat
jeasTpt
nokarl
shabby(adj) past
religious ebAdat
johnoren
rna.ra sem-e ebAdat
shade(n) sAya
set(v) table tyAr k
sAybAn
nasb k
shadow(n) eAya
to put mAndan
shady(adj) sAya-clAr
mEmAnom shagry(adj) dart= Q barium
(n) sunset orub
settle(v) corAr dtlan shako(v) larzldan
falsala k
mElarzom
settlement(n) mostamara hands dart dAdan
eqAmatgAh
shall(aux. khAham
ma.skan

177
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 177 178

shallow(adj) kam oral shed(n) arnbAr

sathI Lr (v) drop off rekhtan
shaxne(n) sham mErezem
alb -tears ashk rekhtan
khejAlat JL sheep(n) gosfand
shamed(adj) khejAlat zada sheet(n) paper wara.q
bed rUyjAyI
shameful(adj) sharinAwar metal taitta,
shameless(adj) bEsharm shelf(n) raf
cheshm safEd tAgeha
shampoo(n) shAmpO shell(n) post
shape(n) shakel gAleb
share(v) divide taqsIm k sadaf
sahim bUdan shelter(n) panAh
sharp(adj) tEz (v) heft k U
borenda o
shepherd(n) chopAn
zerak
shield(n) separ
sharpen(v) tEz k J
r-e (v) hemAyat k
sharpener(n) pencil pensel tarAsh Lr shine(n) tAbesh
(v) drokhshIclan
shave(v) kal k mEdrokhIshorn
rlsh kal k sitip(n) keshtl
tarAsh k (v) to send rawAn k
shawl(n) for men shAl shipment(n) bAr
for women chAdar shirt(n) pEran
she(pren) I shiver(n) larzldan
U
mElarzom
shear(v) galchI k 0Jr. shock(n) zarba.
shears(n) Vela shAkhborl -o takAn
medical shok

1S0
179
 179 780

shoddy(aclj) jolmorgh )==-4 shout(v) faryAd k

shoe-(n) but °high _Wan
kagsh
0J)
shovel(n) bel
horse-
shoe brush(n)
nal
bors-e bUt
beleha tl"
khAkandA z d1-.;
shoehorn(n) gAshoci-e but show(v) neshAn dAdan

shoelace(n)
namAyesh dAdan J IJLL
band-a bUt
tazAhor k 1)J r--A
shoe shtne(n) ja1A-e but shower(n) bath shAwar
shoe polish(n) rang-e bUt L
rain bArAn
shoemaker(n) bUt-doz show off(v) khod namAyl k
shoot(v) fair k
shop(n) dokAn
shriek(n) thigh
(v) sawdA klaridan
shrine(n) zlyArat
shopkeeper(n) dokAndAr shrink(v) chonflok kishodan
shore(n) aAhel
kanA r
shroud(n) Wan
lab
lefAfa
short(adj) kotAh
shrub(n) bota
pakheh
.shudder(v) Inraidan
khord
rnElarzom
shortage(n) gellat shut(v) basta k
kamt
(adj) basta
shorts(n) akar shut off(v) area band k
shot(n) gola
machine gol k
zarbat
shutter(n) parda
Injection pEchkArl shy(adj) sharmendok
shotgun(n) tofang
sick(adj) marlz
should(v)
shoulder(n)
bAyad
shAna
nAjor
slelmess(n)
JL
maraz

181 182
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182

sickness(n) roaraz silently(adv) ba khamoshi

marbI Le1-1-7-4 silk(n) abreshom
nAjorl LcIN-L harlr
nAkhoshi silkworm(n) kerm-e pIla
side(n) taraf Lir!. sill(n) AstAna
samt silly(adj) jAhel
sidewalk(n) plyadaraw JD j
liAdAn
sidewap(adv) az yak taraf silver(n) noqra
Lit)
(adj) noqra-e
sifter(n) flour Elak Li similar(adj) shablli
ialbel JLr niAnand
sigh(n) Ah 0I
simple(adj) sAda
hasrat basIt
(y) Ah kashldan _ D
easy AsAn
sight(n) tamAshA LL mentally sAda
sign(n) nofice tayin simplicity(n) sAdagl
AshkAr JLSI sbnplify(Y) sAda sAkhtan
symbol alArnat sirnply(adv) ha sAdagl
(v) einzA k L. sin(n) gonAh
signal(n) alArnat khatA
neshAn since(conj) because chilli kE
eshAra 0.11J time az waldite kE
(v) eshAra dAdan jJ JOiLl sthoere(adj) sAdeq
signature(n) emzA Us I sarnImI
significant(adj) bArnAnA sincerely(adv) sAdeqAna
mohem
silence(n) sokUt
c' ba -rAst1
sing(y) IthAnclan
kliamoshl inEkhAnom
silent(adj) chop sUrudan
kharnosh Li I mEsarAyom

1S3 184
 183
184

singer(n) sarAyend a sketch(n) tarh

singing(n) AwAz-khAn1 nagsh a
single(adj) unmarried mojarad (v) nacisha k
number yaks
ski(n) sorja
tanhA L
(v) sorja khordan .anlanoJj
singular(n) mofrad sidil(n) maltra t
sink(n) zarfshOy
skill(n) mahA rat
dastshOy
tawAnA 'I
sip(n) shop
skillet(n) karAyl
(v) shop k
skillful (adj) mAher
sir(a) AghA
ostAd
AqA
W11(0 post
khAn
jeld
sl ster(n) khwAr
(v) post k
amshira.
skip(v) khEz zadan
sister-In-law(n) khAshna
&iminate hazf k
sit(v) shesh tan sidrt(n) dAm an
rnEshinom skull(n) kAsa-e sar
neshashtan
sky (n) A smAn
mEneshInom
slam(v) bazarb zadan ¼)
sitar(n) setAr
slander(n) badgUl
situation(n) hAlat
gbalbat
wazyat
(v) gjlaTbat k
mawqryat
slap(n) chapAt
six(no adj) shah (v) chapAt zadan
sixteen(n, adj) shAnzdah
qafAq zadan
sixty(n, adj) sha.st
slatetn) stone lawbarsang
size (n) andAza
school tatt-e slet
skeleton (n) eskelet
slaughter(n) qati-e Am
ostokhAnbandl
kcshtAr

186
185
 185
186

slaughterhouse(n) maslakh slime(n ) -t

slave(n) gholAni lUsh
ash sling(n) felAkhaz
slavery(n) gholArni slingshot(n) gholak
aslrl slip(n) mistake eshtebAh
slay(v) koshtan khatA
mEkoshom (v) laghzidan
sled(n) yakhrnAlak
mElaghzom
sleep(n) kha.w
slipper(n) sellpa.r
(v) khaw k slippery (adj) lakhshenda
sleepy(adj) kthaw-Allid lashra
sleet(n) barl o bAran sloppy(adj) jolmorgh
amAnta
darham o barham
sleeve(n) Astin
slow(adj) Ahesta.
slender(adj) bAnk sost
lAghar
slowly(adv) ha. Ahestagl
slice(n) teka sly (adj) rnakAr
parcha
frehenda
slide(n) earth laelzesh hilagar
(v) khatA khordan smaek(n) kiss bona
laglizidan raAch
mElaghzom hit
(v) sill zadan
slight(adj) bArik small(adj) Ithord
haqh kochak
nAohlz
rEza
(v) haqh k/sAkiitan smart(adj) grak
zarang
be' etenAI k
lAyeq
slightly(adv) kami hoshyAr
slime(n) gel-o lAy smash(v) pound maids. k

187 186
 187
188

smell(n) bUy
sneak(v) khazldan
(v) bUy k/dAdan
.
raEkha zom
khap khap raftan
smile(n) tabasorn
sneaker(n) kerniech
labkhand
sneer(v) poskt and k
(v) tabasom k
sneeze(v) atsa zadan
smtling(adj) tabasorn-konAn
snore(v) khor khor k
smith(n) blacksmith Ahangar
khor zadan
smoke(n) dUd
snot(n) . khelm
(v) cigarette segret kashidan
snow(n) barf
(v) bart bArldan
smootb(adj) lashm
bad mEbAra.
(v) lashm k
snowstorm(n) tUfan-e ba.rf
smother(v) makhil k
snuff(n) naswAr
kharnosh k/shodan
snug(n) rAhat
guarded mahfUz
smuggle(v) qAchAq bordan
so(adv) hamohonln
Fria bordan
Intawr
snall(n) halzUn
if so aga Intawr
gawak
so-called tawr-e kE gotta mEsha
snake(n) mAr jppt4
snap(v) dog qapidan
soak(v) tar k
mEqapa
jazb k
snapdragon(n) antarl
soap(n) sAbUn
snare(n) dAm
powder pOdar
for
sob(n) eq-eq
snatch(v) qapidan
(v) eq-eq geryAn k
mEqapom
sober(adj) OnE
chUr
mlyAnaraw
sneak(v) khazldan
soccer ball(n) fotbAl
inEkhazorn

189
190
 189
190

s lable(adj,) dostAna solid(adj) mahkam

qAbel-e mAmela
sAbet
sooial(adj) ejtemn jAmEd
soelety(n) organization anjoman solltary(adj) tanhA
ejtemA
solitude(n) twin
sock(n) jorAb
solution(n) mahlUI
jorAb-e kotAh
hal
socket(n) wall wAlsAket
solve(v) hal k
sod(n) them some(pron) baz-e
soda(n) baking poll barki-e
-water Ab-e welAyati
(ad]) a little kam-e
someone(pron) kas-e
-pop 'emend
shakhse
sofa(n) sofa
somobody(pron) kas-e
soft(adj) _nu
shakhse
molAem
somehow(adv) tawr-e
-drink mashrUb-e bEalkol j baqesm-e
something(pron) ehrz-e
soften(v) norm k sometime(adv) kodAm wakht- e
softly(adv) ha narmI
soil (n) khAk
gAh-e
solar system(n) nezam=e shamsl sometirnes(adv) bAz-e awqAt

soldier(n) askar
bAz-e wait
sepAhl
gAh-e wakht
sole(n) shoe kaf-e but somewhat(adv) kam-e
(ad]) only main qadre
faqat ijj somewhere(adv) yak jAyl
solemn(adj) sangln son(n) pesar
bAwegAr
farzand

191 192
 191 192

song(n) bayt soup(n) shorwA

sUrlid sour(adj) torah
nrOma source(n) chashraa
son-in-aw(n) dAmAd manha
soonhiv) ha zUdI south(n) jamb
epothe(v) taskin dAdan (adj) ha taraf-e janob
.0orcerer(n) jAdUgar
jrigi
southern(adj) janobI
sore(adj) zakhm south pole(n) gotie janob
dard k sovereign(n) All
sore throat(n) golUn dard mofld
sorrow(n) gham
sow(v) seed kAshtan
andoh
mEkArom
soly(adj) pEshemAn
space(n) area sAha
gtamgIn
time modat
moth 'oast celestial fazA
I'm sorq, my fault bObakhshen jAy
spacious(adj) jAhdAr
I'm sorry, not my fault afsos mEkanom wasl
spade(n) bElcha
sort(n) kind qesm spaghetti(n) Ash
ragam
spanner(n) rench
(v) tasnlf k spare(adj) extra Mali
soul(n) roh
(n) -part porza-e fAltU
jAn
sound(n) sadA spark(tn) jaraqa
AwAz
sparrow(n) gonjeshk
(v) AwA z dAd an
sparrow hawk(n) bAsha
(adj) sale speak(v) gap zadan
sAlem
spear(n) nayza

193
 193 194

01)00%1(64 makhsUs spider(n) jo1A

speetally(adv) makhsUn ankabUt
specialty(n) taltilasos spilm(n)
species(n) now rnEkh
qesem spill(v) rekbtan
specimen(n) namita mErezom
speck(n) ULM apin(v) resiatan
noqta
mEreshom
laka spinaeli(n) pAlak
spectacle(n) !nonzero Baba pAlak
tamAshA aptudle(n) dok
speotaio.r(n) tamAshAela spine(n) sota-a foqarAt
speculation(n)
tafakor tIr posh
speech(n) spirit(n) Doh
notq spirtiug(adj) rohAiul
OA it. splt(n) rod sikh
gap (v) tof k
speed(n) tEzl spite(n) kIna
sothat adAwat
jai& spiteftl(adj) kInadAr
spell(n) telesm splash(n) taraishoh
jAdIJ tasher
(v) emlA k (r) tarashoh k
espel k splendid(odj) bA shokoh
spellIng(n) emlA daVdAr
hejI splinter(n) parakhcha
spend(v) kharch k. qAsh
spendthrift(n) kharAj (v) tOta k
spieefn) niasAl-e dEg split(v) shoq k
aflUwya-e dEg

195
196
 195 196

spoil(v) zA=e k sprout(n) ghoncha

kharAb k nawda
sponge(n) esfanj (v) nawda zadan
aber spurn(v) rad k
sponsor(n) zAmen na-kardan
spoon(n) gAshog sputter(v) khArej k
chameha spy(n) mokhher
spot(n) place laka jAsUs
(v) chatal k -quare(n) chArkonj
spotless(adj) bE'aib moraba.
bEnocis squash(n) food kadU
spout(n) Iola squat(v) sar-e dopAy shestan
dahana
fawAra squeak(n) chlgh
(v) fawrAn k (v) chlgh zadan
sprawl(v) palm shodan squeal(n) fazyAd
hamwAr k (v) faryAd k/zadan
spray(v) pAsh dAdan
spread(v) farsh k squeeze(v) feshAr dAdan
hamwAr k stab(n) zakhm zaban
spring(n) wire fanar stable(n) tawela
in a ear jampIng (adj) Bawl
season bahAr stack(n) khennan
water ohashma toda
(v) IthEz zadan (v) toda k
sprinkle(v) afshAndan staff(n) azA
mEafshAnom stage(n) sahna
pAsh dAdan stagger(v) lam lam raftan
sprinkler(n) awpAsh stain(n) lab
sprout(n) gboncha staircase(n) ana

197 198
 197

stairs(n) pata-e zlna starry(adj) drokhshAn A

stake(n) tlr tAbAn

mEkh-e chObl
start(v) shorO Wshodan
stale(adj) bAal
stalk(n) of a plant sAqa startle(v) takAn dAdan
(v) kamln k
starvation(n) goresnagi
stall(n) Ab-khor
goshnag
stammer(v) kalAlat k starve(v) fAqa blJdanik hIdati)
stamp(n) postage teket-e post

to death a.z goresnagi mortian

seal mohr
(v) mohr Wzadan
state(n) country dawlat
wt. AEA pAy zadan
ayAl at
stand(n) position estAda province welAyat
support estAdagi
condition hAlat
(v) estAd shodan
(v) bayAn k
standard(n) regular mlAr statement(n) ezhAr
mizAn
tagrIr
flag parch= statesman(n) siyAsat-m dAr
balraq
standing(n) estAda.
zamAm-dar 1J L.
rank rotba r

shohrat
station(n) IstgAh LL
(v) tawaqof k/dAdan
star(n) setAra (*J..) 1J

starch(n) neshAyesta,
stationaMadj) sAken
(v) neshAyesta. zadan
bEdlin-e ti oh
stationery(n) gertAslya
stare(n) negA
statue(n) mojasama
nazar
stature(n) gad
&Ian
statute(n) qAntin
(v) negA k

199
200
 199 200

stay(v) shestan step child(n) bacha yA daltar-andar

mEshInom
entezAr kashldan stepfather(n) padar-andar
matel shodan step mother(n) mAdar-a-ndar
steadily(adv) az ruy=e sobAt sterilize(v) taqlm k
zed-e afunlk
az ruy=e ostowAri stern(adj) sakht C-*Afflip

yalaiawAlcht koloft
steady(adj) belarAr stew(n) gums
matIn stick(n) dry branch AsA ohOb
steak(n) stEk khemoha
steal(v) dozi k (v) -to chaspAndan
dozdldan
mEoha.spAriom
mEdozom
-into dAkhel k
steam(n) bokhAr catch gereftan
taft
mEglrom
steel(n) folAd sticky(adj) oha.spAndok
steep(adj) shakl stiff(adj) sakht
sar-neuheb stifle(v) khala k
stem(n) sAqa silence klamosh k
tana
still(adj) ArAm
stenographer(n) mokhafai-nawis sAket
time anOz
stenography(n) mokharaf-nawIsI stimulant(n) mohayej
moharek
step(n) grade darn stiniuiate(v) tahrik k
foot qaclam
stimulating(adj) bA shawq
(v) qadam zadan sting(n) nosh
step brother(n) bradAr-andar (v) guidon
mEgazom

202
201
 201 202

sting(adj) khasls stony(adj) sang

Lr
aUgat hard-hearted sang del
sakht stool(n) chawkl
stint(v) mandlid k stoop(v) tawAzo k
kam k stop(v) estAd kishodan
stipulate(v) short k
stir(v) shor dAdan tawagof k
jonbedim storage(n) zakMra
mEjonbAnom godAm
stirrup(n) rekAb store(n) dokAn
stitch (II) kok
foroshgA
bakhya
maghAza
(v) kok zadan
(v) godAm k
bakhya k
storehouse(n) tahwil khAna
stock(n) cattle mAldArl -room godAm
shares sahm stork(n) lag lag
(gnat sikhleng
(v) provide tahlya k storm(n) tUfAt
tadArok k
stormy(adj) tiJfAnI
stockholder(n) sAheb-e sahm story(n) gesa
stockings(n) jorAb-e zanAna hekAyat
stoinach(n) shekam floor manzel
mod a:
storyteller(n) gesa goy
stomach ache(n) deldard stout(tElj) strong claw'
shekamdard
mahkain
medadard fat tanomand
stone(n) sang chAq
small sangchel stove(n) heating boklArI
-mason sangtarAshl cooking mongol
-work sang-kArl eshtop
with oven dAsh

203
 203
204

stovepipe(n) nal-e boa/id stream(n) JUl

straight(adj) rAst nahr
mostaqlm street(n) Barak
strain(v) filter sAf k jAda
injure mina, zadan paved sarak-e pokhta
exert to utmost koshesh k sarakeqIr
sarak-e dambar
strainer(n) milk shIr sAf unpaved sarak-e kham
tea ellAy sAf street cleaner) sarak pAk
rice ohelawsAf tanzlfAt
stiff strength(n) zOr
sand 00181 qowat
strange(adj) ajib strengthen(v) taqwlyat k
hatratAwar
strenuous (adj ) bAshawq
ajnabl bAzawq
stranger(n) begAna stress(n) zOr
'mpg feshAr
strangle(v) khafak k stretch(v) spread darAz k
pAymAl
elastic kash k
strap(n) tasma
striet(adj) sakhtgfr
band
stride(n) qadam
stratagem(n) ehAl gAm
frob
stlife(n) jang
hfla
jedAl
strateu(n) samol-jaishl mobAreza
straw(n) kAh
strike(n) work stoppage
atrawberry(n) tUt-e zarninl mozAhera
stray(v) gomrAh shod an (v) hit zadan
streak(n) khat
mEzanom
rag
work stoppage otesAb k

205 206
 ,205 206

string(n) tAr study(v) motAleha k

siring bean(n) fAsollya dars khAndan
strip(n) long piece ilta stuff(n) goods mAl
(v) remove az bap bordan jAydAd
ji (v) fill por k
clothing loch k J stunible(v) lagitadan
stripe(n) alAma mElaghzom
forma tokor khordan
stripes(n) qamchbi stump(n) konda
strive(v) koshesh k bEkh
mojAdela k stun(v) bEhosh k
stroke(n) illness sakt-e maghzl stupid(adj) ahmaq
able
beat zarba 01.,1
(v) touch nawAzesh dAdan aturdy(adj) cowl
resolute bA'azem
strong(adj) qawl stuttor(v) kalAlat k
zOrAwar (n) tUtla
bAgowst style(n) gem
intense shadld shwa .

struggle(n) mojAdela sabk

(v) mojAdela, k tarz
student(n) shAgerd rawesh
motaialem subdue(v) ArAm k
studio(n) kArgA rAm k
studious(adj) kosheshl subject(n) theme MOW20
study(n) Mal academic mazmUn
tallm subjugate(v) move k
motAleha submerge(v) faro bordan
-room dare khAna submission(n) t:
ba'Iyat

207 208
 20? 208

submit(v) surrender task k successor(n) jAhneshln

motawall
ba'Iyat k such(adv) ainchU
present arza k amchonin
subscribe(v) to something eshterAk k suck(v) ehUsiadan
mEchosbom
subscription(n) eshterAk sudden(ad)) dafatan
subside(v) faro neshastan nAgAhAna
fere mEshanom suddenly(adv) yaldoAr
subsistence(n) ma'Ishat nAgahA
gozAra
sue(v) dawA k
PAltallee (n) mAda:
edehA k
peel
suet(n) eharbu
jesem
domba
substitute(n) kaffl
suffor(v) pain ranj ka:shidan
kefAlat it
wekAlat k
dardnAk shod an
Ewaz k
undergo gozashtan
subtract(v) in k
mEgozarom
kam k
suffering(n) dard Jj ii
subtraction(n) tafrRi ranj
suburb(n) hAhlya suffice(v) kefAyat k
lawn kAn bUdan
succeed(v) kAmyAb ahodan bus bUdan
mownfaq shodan
suffioient(adj) LA11
succesafut(adj) kAmyAb bas
mowafaq
eugar(n) bUra
succession(n) continuation palyham shakar
brown gor
motawAter ci hard Eland

209 210
 209 210

sugar beet(n) lablahltr-e sherin sunflower(n) gol-e aftaw parast 1:411

sugar eane(n) nayshakar sunlight(n) rOshanl-e aftaw 4i1
suggest(V) pEshnehAd k
suggestion(n) pEshnehAd sunny(adj) AftAhl
nazarya
sunrise(n) tol1J-e aftaw
suicide(n) khod-koshI
sunset(n) ghornb
sult(n) clothes drEshr sunshade(n) char'
(v) please pEsand k
sunstroke(n) aftawzada
sultable(adj) nionAseb
superficial(adj) oath!
suitcase(n) baks-e solar
superintend(v) nezArAt k
suitor(n) talabgAr
sulfur(n) gOgerd
superintendent(n) rails
sulk(v) oshloq k
Amer
kheshem
superior(adj) All
sulky(adj) khaaherngln
mAfawq
qahr
superstition(n) mawhUmAt
sum(n) money mahlagh
kiterAfAt
majmU
supervise(v) nezArat k
mathematical hesAb
negarAnl k
surnmer(n) tAbestAn
supper(n) nAn-e show
summit(n) qolla
supply(n) A zoqa
nok
tahya
awj
(v) tahya k
summon(v) eizA r k
support(n) pUshtlbAnl
sun(n) aftaw
(v) pUshtlbAnl k
khOrshEd
supporter(h) pUshtl-bAn
(v) aftaw dAdan
suppose(v) think farz k
pEtaw k
assume gomAn k
sunburn(n) aftaw sokhta
supreme(adj) Al!
belandtarin

211 212
 211 212

sure(adj) min survive(v) zenda mAndan

mobnaien
bAqi mAndan
(v) to be yogis dAshtan suspect(n) shak
(v) shak dAshtan
surely(adv) yaqinan suspend(v) AwezAn k
surface(n) rUy.e from school khArej k
Bar
suspense(n) takhir
sathah tawici
surgeon(n) jarAh suspicion(n) Ind-gomAni
surplus(n) alAwag sustain(v) Stand tahamol k
surprise(n) tajob support ptishtibAni k
hark
hayrAnl
I

re swallow(n) bird
Le e ghochl
(v) tajob k 0.1 (v) port
to be surprised hayrAn mAndan shodan swamp(n) jabazAr
swarm(n) khEl
surprised(adj) hayrAn dusts
surrender(n) taslim ezdeham
balyat
(v) jam, shodan
(v) task k swarmed with(adj) per az
surround(v)
dak az
mahA sera k
sway(v) gAz khordan
surroundings(n) atrAf jonbAndan
ehAta
mEjonbAnom
survey(n) bA zrasf swear(v) promise qasam khordan
bAzdid
sarwE curse bad goftan
(It) naqsha bardA-rI k sweat(n) araq
(v) araq k
sarwE k
sweater(n) jAkat

214
213
 213
214

sweaty(adj) aragnAk symbol(n) alAma

sweep(v) jArUk eshAra
sweet(adj) sherin samba'
for people mEhrabAn
symbolize(v) neshAnl k
sweetly(adv) bashlrini alAma zadan
sweets(n) sherd sympathetic(adj) delnoz
swell(v) waram k
sympathize(v) hamdardl k
pondIde
mEpondom
syphillis(n) sails
swelling(n) waram
syrup(n) medicine sharbat
pandid a gi
system(n) tarn
swift(adj) jald
selsela
zUd
systematc(adj) moratab
swiftly(adv) bazUdi
maims
Maid
UsUII
swlm(v) awhAzI k
swimming suit(n) mAyor
swing(n) gAz
T
(v) gAz khordan
swipe(n) zadan-e sakht table(n) mEz
switchen) swech
table oloth(n) ear-mEzI
(v) awed k
for the floor dastarkhAn
change tabdfl k
tablet(n) metal, inscribed lawha
swollen(adj) pondlda.
medicine VII
swoop(v) qapIdan
tAblet
mEciapom
tack(n) kOka
aword(n) ahamshEr tadpole(n) chlIcha-e bacia
taiwAr
tail(n) dean
sycamore(n) panja cheaAr sheep domba

215 216
 215 216

take(v) carry bordan tape measure(n) metr-e fita-I

mEbarorn
get gereftan tape recorder(n) tEp rEdArdar
mEgirom
Welt) gesa tape(n) scotch- eskAch tEp
hekAyat
talent(n) estedAd tape wonn(n) kerm-e kadodAna
zakAwat
talk(n) gap tar(n) qir
sohbat tartadj) Ahesta
(v) gap zadan tAkhir
sohbat k target(n) hadaf
tall(adj) Deland neshAna
human gad beland task(n) wazIfa
tallow(n) charbU tassel(n) pOpak
tambur(n) tambUr taste(n) food maza
tame(adj) rAm lezat
(v) rAm k
aesthetics salIga.
tan(adj) color khormA-e shawq
(v) leather dabAghl k (v) maza k
tangle(n) jar chaskian
darham
mEchashom
(v)
tax(n) mAlyAt
tangerine(n) kInO (v) malya. gereftan
santara. taxi(n) take'
tank(n) tAnk Jib tea(n) chAy
makiman-e ow teach(v) dam dAdan
top(n) water shirtiAn teacher(n) mAlsm
sound tak tak Ustkd
(v) strike zadan tea cup(n) &Ala
mEzanom

218
217
 217 218

teahouse(n) chAy khAna temperature(n) harArat

samawAr
daraja-e harArat
tea kettle(n) chAy jOsh tempest(n) tUfAn
team(n) tim temple(n) religious mabad
teapot(n) chAynak forehead shall°
tear(n) -drop ashk temporary(adj) motaqatI
(v) rip pAra k tempt(v) waswAs k
tease) do bad tamaskhor k temptation(n) waswAs
ten(npadj) dah 'Ii
te hnloal(adj) fad tenant(n) kerAyaneahin
takimiii
mostajer
technician(n) tnaykhAnnt tend (v) incline towards motamAel shodan
technique(n) fan
teeth(n) dandAnA
tendeney(n) tamAyol
telegram(n) 114:
telegrAm tender(adj) meat narm
telegraph(n) telegrAf ILAzok
(v) telegrAf k
tenderness(n) kindness lotf LiU
shafaqat
telephone(n) telefUn doneness nand
telescope(n) dUrbin nAzoki
tell(v) kaftan
tense(adj) salcht
mEgom
hayajAn
qesa k
(n) verb- zamAn
temper(n) mezAj tension(n) kashesh
kholq
tent(n) khalma
khashm
khergA
temperance(n) EtedAl
ghedjdl
mlyAnarawl
term(n) word estelAh
temperate(adj) motadel school semestitr
molAem
dawn
period modal
220

219
 219 220

terrace(n) dandAna theater(n) drama derAm

(v) martabadAr bUdan r.)
tjlyt IJ sahna-e bradl
theft(n) clod
terxible(adj) mokhawef their(pron) az UnA
tarsnAk az eshAn
besyAr bad them(pron) UnA-ra
terrify(v) tarsAndan theme(n) subject mawzU
mEtarsAnorn composition magAla Ji
terrortn) wahshat melody naghma
khawt themselves(pron) khodestA n
test(n) emtehAn then(adv) pas
AzmAyesh Anwakht
(V) emtehAn k theology(n) study sharayAt
AzmUdan theoretical(adj) !marl
mEAzmAyom theory(n) nazarya
testify(v) shahAdat dAdan there(adv) Usja
text(n) book math therefore (adv) az An sabab
mazmUn
than(conj) az thermometer(n) mlzAnol harAra
nesbat Li'

thank(v) tashakor k thennos(n) tarmUz

thank you tashakor these(pron) mA
thanksgiving(n) shokorgozArI they(pron) UnA

EshAn
sepAsgozAri thick(adj) dabal
that(pron) U lok
kE
zakhzn
thaw(v) aw shodan tlra
zawb shodan thiclmess(n) lokki
theater(n) movies slnon4 zakhAmat
tlragl

272

221
 221 222

thief(n) doz J'et' threat(n) tandld

thigh(n) rAn threaten(v) tandid k
01)
6111(04 lAgt ar three(adj,n) sE
nAzok fjb -fold sE lA
bArfk thresh(v) Wigan
thing(n) chlz mEkDbom
ahal Lr thrift(n) sarfajUI
think(v) faker k thrifty(adj) turf*
third(adj) sEyom thrt11(n) larza
-class senf-e sEyorn ehtezAz
thirst(n) toshnagl throat(n) golUn
thirsty(adj) toshna throne(n) takht
thirteenk,adj) sEzdah throng(n) ezdehAm
thirtjr(rocij) sI through(prep) bawaseta
tbia(pron) Li az awal tA Akher
thorn(n) khAr throughout(prep) sartAsar
thorny(adj) khArtiAr throw(v) andAkbtan
thorough(adj) pora mEandAzom
kArnelan thumb(n) finger shut
tamArnan thunder(n) ral ad
thoroughly(adv) kAmelan bAba ghorghorI
tantAman Thursday(n) panj-shambE
those(pron) UnA thus(adv) Diebonin
though(adv) garchE ticket(n) teket
agarchE tide(n) mado-jazer
thought(n) faker tidy(adj) bA sareshta
tboughtful(adj) motel aker pAkIza
thoughtless(adj) bEfeker tie(n) necktie nektAyl
thousand(adj,n) azAr (v) baste k
thread(n) tAr tiger(n) palang
naith baber

2 23
 223
224

tig,ht(ad)) too small tang tired (ad j) mAnda

tltly(adv) baton khasta
basaltlia tiresome(adj) khastakon
tile(n) kAshi-kAri tiring(adj) khastakon
tiles(n) sang-a kheshtl title(n) book enwAn
sang-e farsh person laciab
till(adv, prep) to to(prep) ba
ElA dar
tA-wakhtE toad(n) kOrbacja
timber(n) chOb toast(n) breakfast tOst
tir nan-e kakrak
time(n) wakht tobacco(n) tarnbAkU
zamAn today(n) emrOz
what- oh! wakht toe(n) angosht-e pAy
times(n) zamAn together(adj) yakjAy
arithmetic zarb bAham
data toilet(n) kamCii
timid(adj) tarsU lavatory tashnAb
bozdel (v) to go to jawAb-e chAy raftanA3
tin(n) goal
tiny(adj) rEza toilet paper(n) kAghaz-e tashnab
Mord
kochak tolerable(adj) gAbel-e gOzAra
tlp(n) money bakshesh
(v) spill chapa kishodan ciAbel-e tahamol
tolerate(v) tahamol k
tiptoe(v) ba pmja rattan toleration(n) tahamol
tire(n) auto tayr toll(n) fare begot UbUr
(v) khasta kishodati °IV 3J tomato(n) banjAn-e rUml

mAnda bUdan 0J)1 4 .1;1A

tomb(n) mazAr

225
2,6
 225 226

tomb(n)
mugged
matAr top(n)

SarP0811
ear
r
maghara topic(n) mawzo
tomorrow(n) sabA torch(n) mash' al
fardA torment(n) shekanja
sOb (v) kekanja k
day after palm* tornado(n) gerdbAd
three days from now sE rOz hAd torrent(n) sEl-Aw
tonid(adj) dAgh
tal(n) tin sozAn
azArkflO tortoise(n) sanghaqa,
ttee(n) AwAz torture(n) ranj
sor zajer
(v) sor k I) (v) ranj dAdan
tongue(n) zabAn AzAr Udall
tonio(n) dawA-e mogawi toss(v) partAb k
andatan
tonight(n) emshaw total(n, adj) majmo' a
too(adv) am touch(v) dart k/zadan
nlz
-mud ziyAd tarnAs WdAshtan
tool(n) afzAr
sAmAn touh(adj) sakht
asbAb sakht-sar
tooth(n) dandAn tour(n) davrra.
toothache(n) dandAndard safar
dard-e dandAn (v) safar k
tooth brush(n) bors-e dandAn tourist(n)torlst
maswAk palling&
tooth pick(n) dandAn khelAl saykh
 227 228

tourtament(o) mosAbeqa train(n) rEl

towards(prep) ba tarafe (F) yAd dAdan
towel(n) dasbmAl thrblya k
qadIfa traitor(n) IthAtex
rUl-pAk JthiAnat'kAr
tower) borj tramp(n) vagrant AwAra
town(n) shahr sargardAn
toy(n) bAzicha walk hawA-khUrl
bAzich-e atiAl (F) walk qadam zadan
sAinAn-e bAzi transact(v) molAmela k
trace(n) asar dAdo sotod k
(v) agar zatan transaction(n) moAmela
taqthk dAdo sotod
track(n) maul asar transfer(v) nagel dAdan
pal harakat ado
railway rAh-e Ahab tandli klshodan
religious tawlz
(v) dantAl rattan transform(v) tandll k
tractor(n) tarAlctor taghlre shekel dAdan
trade(n) tejArat
(v) commerce tejA rat k translate(v) tarjorna k
exchange mobAdela k tranlalion(n) tarjoma
trader(n) tAjer transparent(adj) shafAf
sawtApr tranaplant(v) nehAl ahAndan 0
tradesman(n) kasaba-kAr
maAzadAr transport(v) honk
tradition(n) rasm o rawAj mEharom
trafflc(n) raft Amad hamel k
trAfik transportation(n) hamlo-nagel
tragedy(n) gham-o-ando trap(n) talak
moslbat dAm

229
 229
230

trap(v) dAm shAndan

triangle(n) mosalas
travel(n) safar
sE.konja
(v) safer k
tribe(n) gam
traveller(n) mosAfer
tribal(j) qawm
tray) pitfalls
IthEI
majma
tribute(n) ltherAj
treacherous(adj) khiyAnat-kAr
bAj
jazya
treason(n) khlyAnat
trick(n) chAl
ghader
mak
treasure(n) ganj
(v) freb dAdan
kbazAna
trifling(adj) Joel
treasuq(n) IdiazAna-dAri
trigger(n) mAsha
treatroent(n) raftAr
trim(adj) neat silk
pErhAmad
ArAsta
medical mAleja
(v) cut off boresh k
tadawl
trip(n) safer
trealy(u) qarArdAd
tripod(n) sE pAya
moAhe:la
triamph(n) zafar
tree(n) darakht
(v) fat k
tremble(v) tango trivlal(adj) joz'I
mElarzom
nActiz
treroandous(adj) bozorg
be'ahmiTat
favgiolAda AJLJ troop(n) delta
tremor(n) slight earthquake larzesh lashkar
tropical(adj) ostowA'l
talan
hAra
trespass(n) offence tajAwoz trot(v) chArnal raftan
(v) tajAwoz k
trouble(n) taklif
trial(n) law mobikems
zahrnat
tribulation AztaAyieb

232
 231
232

trousers(n) patlUn Tuesday(n) sE-shambE

Afghan tombAn
tulip(n) 'Ala
EzAr
wild sosan
truck(n) JMI
tumerio(n) zarchOba
ehakla
kne(n) moqAm
true(adj) rAst
AwAz
sahib
tunnel(n) tUnai
truly(adv) barAstt
turban(n) long
haqlqat
dastAr
trumpet(a) trompet
turkey(n) fflmorgh
trunk(n) tree tana-e darakht turn(n) nobat
dawra
travel baks
(v) dawr kbordan Adan
box sandal
trust(n) belief eteinAd
turnip(n) shalgiam
etebAr
turquoise(n) feroza
truth(n) rAst1
turret(n) bAmbUtl
halqat
borj
truthfal(adj) rAst kAr turtle(n) sangbaqa
sAdeq
tusk(n) ashk-e ill
try(v) attempt koshesh k Aj
test erntehAn k
tutor(n) mAlem
tub(n) tasht
twelve(n,adj) dowAzda
tasht-e ghosol
twenty(n,adj) bist
taslit-e hamArn
twiee(adv) du dafa
tube(n) iota
bAra
nal
twin(n) dUgana
inner- tUb
twinkle(v) chashmak zadan
tubereulosis(n) sEl
tuck(n) kOk
twist(v) pEch k
bakhya
dawr khonlan

234
233
 233 234

twist(v) pEchldan
unable(adj) n4tawAn
mEpEchom
(v) natawAnestan
two(n,adj) dU
natawAnestoni
type(n) sort qesem
unaccomtable(adj) bEhesAb
printing chAp
un mous(adj) mowAfeq
(v) tap k
unawaro(adj) bEkhabar
typewriter(n)
uneertOn(alj) mashtkVk
uncle(n) paternal kAkA
typing paper(n) Irlighaz-e tarp
maternal mAmA
unclean(adj) nApAk
typhold(n) mereqa
najes
typhus(n) homAy-e lakadAr
uncomfortable(adj) nArAm
nArAhat
moreqa
uncommon(dj) ghair MI
tyranny(n) zolrn
unconscious(adj) bEhtleh
setam
bEkhabar
estebdAd
uncover(v) disclose loch k
zajer
under(prep) zEr-e
tyrant(n) zAlem
tahte
setamgAr
underclothes(n) zerjAma
banyAn
underground(adj) zEr-e zamlni
U

underneath(prep) zEr-e
ugliness(n) badrang
understand(v) fAmidan
ugly(adj) bad rang
mEfamom
ultimate(adj) ashi
Ailed!) jt I don't=
understanding(n)
ma namEfamom
fahm
ultimattun(n) pEshnehAde qataq
dAnesh
undertake(v) baiohda gereftan
umbrella(n) chatd
unable(adj) nAtawAn

23 236
 235 236

undertake(v) ba zenia gereftan unlque(adj) yaktA

yagAna
underwear(n) banyAn unit(n) wAbed
zerjAma
unite(v) etehAd k
zerpEranl yakjA k
nneasy(adj) nAgarAr
universal(ad)) UmlJini
nArAm
jahAn1
unemPloyed(adj) bEkAr
unlverse(n) Alam
unemployment(n) bEkArl university(n) pohantUn
uneven(adj) nAharawAr
dAne_shgAh
unexpected(adj) ghalr-e motarageba unjuat(adj) bElensAf
unldnd(adj) nAmehrabAn
unexpeotedly(adv) nAgahAn1
tobown(adj) nAinAlUm
uzfaithful(adj) bEwafA
tmless(eon)) magar
unfair(adj) bEt ensAf
amA dar sUratekE
unfit(adj) nAmonAseb
unlike(adj) bE-.shabAhat
unfold(v) wAz k
unload(v) idiAlI k
unforeseen(adj) pEshbliii nashoda unlucky(adj) bEtAIE
kambaldit
imfortmate(adj) badbakht
unneeessaly(a.dj) ghalr-e lAzemI
bEtAlE
unhappy(adj) deg
cj unpack(v) wAz k
bah impleasant(adj) bad tempered badkhliy
jegerkhUn
Azorda
nApesand
unifonn(n) lebAs-e rasmi tutreasenable(adj) nAmonAseb I.
unImportut(adj) bEahinlyat mall"

union(n) etehAdya
nAmagtil
ctefAq
unroll(v) lola re wAz k
labor etehAdya-e kArgar

237 238
 237
238

wiseen(adj) nMlda urinate(v) edrAr k

unsuccessful(adj) nAkArn 1Sb jawAb-e chAy k
pasImAnda urine(n) edrAr
untilanep) tA us(pron) mArA
tA kE b use(n) estEmAl
unusual(adj) ajlb (v) estEmAl klshodan
el& Adl J 1;
unwise(adj) nAdAn 1J useful(adj) moftd
up(prep, adv) bAIA V 1,
usefulness(n) fAyda
uphill(adj) sarbAlA raftan
111r usual(adj) batawr-e MI
upon(prep) bar usually(adv) aksaran
ba
UmUman
upper(adj) bALk L,
utens11(n) eating zarf
uprising(n) shoresh
CT*: asbAb
baiwA utfllze(v) estEmAl k
uproar(n) ghoighela &la ba kAr andAkitan
ghAlmagliAl utmost(adj) ba montahA daraja
upset(adj) klida w
qahr
J
upside-down(adj) sarnEgUn
sarchapa
V
upstairs(adj) bAIA
tabaqa-e bAIA. vaeant(adj) khAlI
upward(prep) bAIA bEkAr
ha taraf-e bAIA IAItU
urge(v) esrAr k vacate(v) NUJ sAkhtan
urgent(adj) fawrl vacatton(n) rOkisatl
zarUr vaccinate(v) Abela-k111 k
urinal(a) bawl dAn1

khAl zadan

240
239
 239 240
vacuum(n) khalA vegetation(n) nabAtAt
vacuum cleaner(n) JArU-e velvet(n) bakhmal
vengeance(n) entegArn
vague(adj) majhUl ventilate(v) hawA dAdan
vainly(adv) bEfAyda hawA ra taagya
chaff ventilation(n) jIrlAn-e hawA
valley(n) tiara veranda(n) baranda
valuahlar(adj) arzeshdAr takiebAm
slimed verb(n) fEl
grAn-bahA verbal(adj) shefAhi
?alue(n) arzesh zabAn1
(v) arzesh dAdan verge(n) kenAr
gazAwat k verse (n) shEr
appraise arzesh dAdan nazm
ranilia(n) wanelA very(adv) besyAr
ranish(v) gom ahodan khEli
mahw shodan vessel(n) kAsa
rapor(n) bokhAr zarf
taft vest(n) wAskat
'ariety(n) nwA vexation(n) Azordagl
.arious(adj) mokhta ef ranjesh
'anr(v) tabd11 k via(prep) az rAh-e.
taghlr dAdan 0.1 Li
az tarIgE
ase(n) goldArd
aseline(n) wAdllnIj
.1
vibrate(v) ehtezAz k
larzAndan
marham mElarzAnom
ast(adj) bozorg vibration(n) ehtezAz
egetable(n) tarkArl Ls.X5.;--; vice(n) evil alb
. sabzljAt deputy wall
sabzl Lcr-s mAwen

242
241
 241 242

atrAf villa(n) A&hel

vicinity(n)
deh
Oj
nezdW village(n)
gam
mojAwerat
vicious(J) shark
fAsed
sharir rr
mokhel
labia vine(n) tAk-e angUr
vinegar(n) serka i-S
victim(n) gorbAn
fedA vineyard(n) angUrbAgh
vfolate(v) tdhalof k U
LLLL;
victor(n) Mteh
mozafar tajAwoz k
violence(n) shedat t.;
victorlons(adj) fAteh

PEroz jaber
lath violent(adj) shadid
victory(n)
gad sakht

afar violet(n) flower benafsha

vie(v) regAbat k (adj) color benaish

harachashmi k waylon

view) nazar delrOba

dId -virgIn(n) dUshlza

mum. bAkera

landscape manzara dOlitar-e khAna

(v) dldan virtue(n) tagwA

mEhinom pAlmafsi

vlgor(n) goat virtuous(adj) pAk-dAman

zOr parhezgAr

vigorous(adj) gowatinand visa(n) wlza

zorAwar vislble(adj) ciAbel-e did

vile(adj) past namUdAr

sofla vision(n) binAll

villa(n) khAna tasawor

mantel

243 244
 243 244

visit(n) mobkqAt vow(v) and k

ayAdat gam khordan
(v) molAgAt k vowel(n) arf-e wAwol
visitor(n) molAgAt konenda voyage(n) safar*e daryAI
vital* hayAti vulgarity(n) past!
zarUri vulture(n) kaki°
vitamin(n) witArnin
vIvid(adj) shafAf
wAz)Et w
vocabulary(n) loetAt
vocal(j) sawtl wade(v) az aw gOzar k
vocatice(n) thoghl
mast& wag(v) takAn dAdan
voice(n) AwAz wage(n) mozd
sadA mAsh
volcanic(adj) AtEshfeabial taLikhA

volcano(n) AtEsh-feshAn wagon(n) horse gAdi

volume(n) amount hojm man karAchl
megdAr JILJ wAgun
book fold waii(v) nAla k JL
voluntaxy(adj) ekhtlyArl IS)Lia`i mAtam gereftan 0-:jrf r;La
dAUtalab.1% waist(n) bur
volunteer(n) dAlitalab I .1
wait(v) entezAr kashidan/blidan )ki
deIh oIçjj
(v) UtitalabI k )JS '`AIJ montazer bUdan 0J)-4 r"
vomit(v) estefrAq k ir.41 walter(n) pEsh Ithedmat
vote(n) ray J waiting romp otAq-e entezAr )11.J 3
(v) ray dAdan
vow(n) and waitress(n) khadama
gasam pEsh kbedmat
sawgan

24 6
 245
246

wake up(v) bEdArk/shod

warmth(n) garral
harArat
walk(v) plyAda raftan
warn(v) akhtAr dAd an
rAh raftan
naslhat k
pleasure qadam zadan
warting(n) AgAhi
(n) rAh
althtAr
gardosh
nasthat
wall(n) diwAr
warrior(n) sax Az
wallet(n) basalt
mObArez
baks-e JEbI
wash(v) shoshtan
walnut(n) chArmaghz
mEshoyom
wander(v) AwAra shodan
self Oosol k
want(n) Wash (n) clothes shosto-sho
Arzo
waahable(adj) (Abel-a shosht
need zarUrat
washcloth(n) klsa
(v) desire hAesh k
II'
Ithastan
wasp(n) zambUr
rnEkbAyom
waste(n) talaf
war(n) jog (v) talaf k
mobAreza
zAya k
ward(n) political nAliya
was basket(n) kIghazdAal
wardrobetn) anwArl
watch(n) timepiece sAt
anwArl-e lebAs
lookout keshek
ware(n) mAl
(v) morAgebat k
matA
khabar gereftan
warehouse(n) ambAr
spectator tamAshA k
tahwil khAna
watch maker(n) sAt-sAz
godAm
watchman(n) pAsbAn
warm(adj) garm
nEgAbAn
dAgh
water(n) aw
(v) garm k
(v) aw dAdan

2
247
 247 248

water buffalo(n) gawniEsh iS wealthy(adj) dawlatmand

water color(n) rang-e AbI (Awl) I
Oani
weapon(n) asleha
water container(n) awdAn IJ I
salAh
waterfall(n) sharshara 0
harba
waterheater(n) small for tea. awgarmI (741 wear(v) poshidan
mEposhom
large bAylar-e bug' weary(adj) -mAnda
watering pot(n) awAsh khasta
watermelon(n) tarbUz weather(n), hawA
waterproof(adj) wAtar prUf awzA-e jawl
wave(n) mawj
Abo-hawA
(v) eshAra k weave(v) bAftan
wax(n) shahrn
mEbAfom
Intim
fr-1 web(n) tAr-e jolA
way(n) rAh 0
weding(n) arUsi
manner tawr nEkAh
tariq
wedge(n) fAna
we(pron) mA
Wednesday(n) chAr-shambE
weak(adj) zaif weed(n) alaf
kanizOr
kheshAwa
Ajez
'v) kheshAwa k
weaken(v) zalf shodan/sAkhtan week(n) hafta
weekly(ady) haftawAr
weakness(n) zOf
ar hafta:
nAtawAnl
weep(v) geryAn k
zaM
geristan
karn zorl
mEgeryom
wealth(n) sarwat
weeping willow(n) majnit bid .3.--x
dawlat

249

250
 249
250

weigh(v) tol k osirs Jr; whenever(adv) arwakht

weight(n) wazen ai) argAh
zarilyat
where(adv) kojA
welcome(n) esteqbAl JLJ whereabouts (adv) bakojA
khoshAmadid
wherever(adv) arjA
(v) khoshAmadid goftan jr whether(adv) AyA

whioh(adj,pron) kodAm
welfare(n) refA oLj1
whichever(adv) arkodAm
AaAesh 1
while(conj) waldite kE
well(adj) healthy pr InekE
khtb
whirasioal(adj) botawas
tandrost
whine(v) nAla k
west(n) gharb
whip(n) qamehin
maghrebI
tAzyAna.
western(adj) gharbi UI
shallAq
rnaghrebl or (v) qamehin zadan
wet(ad) tar
whisper(v) pospos k
martljb
whistle(n) eshpelAq
what(adhpron) oho
(v) eshpelAq k
whatever(adj,pron) arche
white(adj) safEd
wheat(n) gandom
who(pron) ki
wheel(n) arAba
whoever(pron) aria
charkh
whole (ad j) tamAm
wheelbarrow(n) zanbel-e arAbadAra---), kol
I
Marna
wheel chair(n) ehawki-e arAbadArtlirt wholesome(adj) sAlem L
gUArA c
when(adv) wakht-e kE
whoily(adv) tamAman
question ohiwaklit
bakoll LILL.
kal
whom(pron) larA I

to- bakl

252
251
 251 252

whose(pron) az kI
wlnd(n) shamAl
whooping cough(n) sIyA sulfa
bAd
why(adv) cherA
(v) -up kOk k
wick(n) palta
windmill(n) AsyA-e bAdI
winked (ad j) zesht
window(n) lona
bad
panjara
wide(adj) bardAr
windy(adj) tUtAnI
wasI
wine(n) sharAb
widow(n) bEwa
wAyn
width(n) bar
wing(n) bAl
arz
Ji par
wos' at
wink(n) chashmak
wife(n) khAnom
(v) chachmak klzadan
zawja
wild(adj) wahihI La-) winter(n) zemestAn
v) goad
wipe(v) pAk k
khAhesh
sAff k
(n) document w iyat nAma "IL wire(n) slm
(v) land awAnI k
willful(adj) khodray
wireless(n) rAdIG
willing(adj) rAzI
bEsim
khAhAn
wirelike(adj) wiry simi
willingly(adv) LLM wisdom(n) aol
ba rezA'Iyat
kherad
willow(n) bid
dAnesh
weeping- majnUn bid IL.r;=fd
wise(adj) dAna
wilt(v) pad j11101%18 shcdan
Ariel
win (v) bord an
kheradmand
mEbarom
wish(n) khAhesh
wince(v) ramIdan
Arzo
mErarnotu
(v) khAstan
InEkhAyom

253
254
 253 254

wistful(adj) moshtAq
wonder(v) tahajob k
Arzomand
wonderful(adj) ajib
wlt(n) ITlazAq
wondrous(adj) ajib
fahm
halratAwar
witeh(n) zan-e makAr
wonIt(v) I namEkb4yom
sAhera
Arzo nadAram
with(prep) bA
wood(n) chOb
ararAye
wood cutter(n) chOb shekan
kat-e
wooded(adj) jangaldAr
pEsh-e
wooden (ad j) chObl
withdraw(v) pas gereftan woods(n) jangal
wlthhold(v) bAz dAshtan
wool(n) pashm
dre k
pat
within(prep) dAkhel
woolen(adj) pashmI
darUn
word(n) loghat
mAbayn
kalErna
without(prep) bEdUn-e lafz
bE
work(n) kAr
withatand(v) mogAwemat k
aural
(v) kAr k
witness(n) person shAhed
work day(n) rOz-e kAr
testimony gUwAh o
rOz=e -rum'
(v) shahAdat dAdan
workman(n) kArgar
witty(adj) latifago
workmanship(n) kArgari
wizard(n) jAdtigar JJJL workshop(n) warkshAp
woe(n) gharn
mestad khAna
and oh
world(n) donyA
wolf(n) gorg
jahAn
woman(n) zan
Alam
wonder(n) tahajob
worldlthess(n) donyAdArl
haIrat

255
256
 255 26

worldly(adj) mAd1 wreck(v) walrAn k

donyawl wrench(n) reach
worm (n) kerm wrestle(v) koshtl gereftan
worn(adj) old kOna wrestler(n) pAhlawAn
dAghma
wretched(adj) bEchAra
worn-out(adj) farsilda badbakht
worried(adj) pEreshAn wrinkle(n) qAt
worq(n) ghosa
ehoTraold
feker
wrist(n) band-e dast
(v) tashwlsh k wrist watch(n) sAt-e dastl
Oosa k
write (v) naweshtan
worse(adj) badta.r
mEnawlsom
worship(v) namAz inn* nawesht k
ebAdat k
writer(n) nawisenda
parastesh k 0-) writings(n) bat
EhterArn k Ij 1
naweshta
worst(adj) badtarin written(adj) khatl
worth(n) arzesh qalami
qader
wrong(adj) bad bad
worthless(adj) bEglinat kharAb
kharAb
mistaken glialat
wound (n) zakhrn
(n) mistake 6alati
(v) zakinn k
eshtebAh
woven(adj) bAftagi
bAfta
wrap(v) pEch dAdan
lola k
wreath (n) ek111
x-ray(n) ekseris
homAfel
(v) aks gereftan
wreek(n) wairAn
ItharAbi

256
257
 257 258

y yield(v) surrender taalIm Wahadan

yard(n) land awli yogurt(n) mAs L.

aarAy Ls yoke(n) yUgh
hayAta yolk(n) zardl-e tokhm
yarn(n) wool pastrin you(pron) intimate tU
tAr formal shomA
Und
yourself(pron) khod-e shomA
yawn(n) fAja khodet
(v) fAja kashldan young(adj) jawAn
year(n) sAl Jr--- bacha
last- pArsAl J1jk youngster(n) jawAn bacha
sAl-e gOzashta JL your(pron) az tU
next- sAl-a Ayenda jL. az shomA
this- emsAl youth(n) jawAni
yearly(adv) sAlAna youthful(adj) jawAn
yearn(v) Arzo k
yeast(n) mAya
khan* torah Lir; re'
khamir mAya
yellow(adj) zard zeal(n) ghalrat
yes(adv) balE 4 hemmat
yesterday(n) dIrOz JD-1J zawq
day before- parerOz Jirr zealous(adj) bAghairat
three days ago sE rOz pEsh 0-4:0) ' bAhemmat
bAzawq
yet(oonj, adv) tA hAlE
zealously(adv) ghoyUrAna
anOz
zebra(n) gOra khar
yield(v) give dAdan y 1J
zero(n) safer
mEtom

259
 259

zest(n) zawq
raghbat
zinc(n) Jost
zigzag(adj) kai-o-pEch
zinnia(n) Adam chera
zipper(n) zanjir
zone(n) mantaqa
zoo(n) bAgh-e wash
zoology(n) halwAn-shenAsi

2C1
 260 261

Idioms khAn-e azlz ma-ra goft kE U marlz shod.

kbAn-e kas-e hada (dOkhtar) shod an, Azti's wife told me he was sick.

When a woman gives birth to a child, one khAn-e kas=e kharAb shod an
doesn't mention the woman directly, but in-
stead says that the house had a child. The This refers to the dying of a wife,
substitution of house ovoids explicit mention
of the Woman.
sAl gozashta khAn-e anwar kharAb shod.

khAn-e azlz tefol mEsha. Anwar's wife died last year,

Aziz's wife is going to have a child. khAn-e kas-e sareshta dAshtan1

khAn-e karim dOkhtar (back) shod. This means that a wife is organized and neat.

Karim's wife had a girl (boy). khAn-e haflz besyAr sareshta dAra.

Often women are talked about obliquely (by Hafiz's wife is an excelnt housekeeper.
men) in this manner; one talks about a friend's
louse", not his wife, khanok Ithordan to be cold
In Dan, one is actively cold, rather than
khAn-e shomA nAn-e khub pate, mEkona, simply "being" cold; literally, one eats cold,

Your wife cooks well.

khanok mElthorom.,
I am cold.
khAn-e rahlm mazlir rafts,

da bErUn U khanok khord.

Rahim's wife went to Mazar. He was cold outside.

263

269
 262

-yakh kadan
This is also used for "to be cold", but chiefly
in the past tense.

dirOz ma yakh kadom.

I was cold yesterday.

- gaml kadan to be warm

Being warm is also an active processir one
"makes heat''.

garmi mEkonorn.
I am hot.

shomA cherA garmi kadEn?

Why were you warm?

ba cheshm or ba sar o cheshm

Often said when acknowledging a command

or a request from a superior. It means that
one will carry out the request at all cost.

payda shodan Often used when

telling where one can find something, where it
"is found". Used chiefly in the present tense.

Teke watanI da jAd-e malwand payda mEsha.

You can find Afghan material on Jad-e Maiwandi

264
 363 264

sAmAnhA-e barii da kojA payda mEsha? gesa-e kas-e molt Ride

Said when someone's words and deeds are
Where can I find electric parts (things)? without value in relation to other's, when what
someone says or does is worthless.
yAft shodan Also
commonly used when telling where something yea-0 adz molt as.
Can be found,
What Aziz says is of no value. Don't listen
to him.
ka1A-e kWh da hazAr yAft mEsha.

qesare kas-e molt shodan

You can find goad clothes in the bazar, This is also commonly used.

balad bUdan
pEsh-e ma gesare UnA molt shod.
To know one's way around a place.

They lost their crediblity with me.

da herat ma balad astom.

- ter kiiod-a Awaf4n

I how my way around Herat. To avoid something or someone.,

U da kabul balad nEs.

wakht-e kE 1.1-ra dIdom, ma ter-e khod-a
Awardom.
He doesn't know his way around kAbul.
When I saw him, I avoided him.

balad shodan This means U az maktab ter-e khod . Award.

to get to know one's way around a place.

He avoided the school,

chand rOz bAd ma da kabul balad shodom.

az ma shomA cherA arrOz ter-e khod-a

After a few days I got to know my way around
mEyarEn?
Kabul.
Why do you avoid me everyday?

266
265
 265
266

- ter kadan to get rid of hide - deg Awardan to be sad,

here an active process.
mAlem Amad; U-ra ter kCnEn.

U da maktab deg Award.

The teacher's here. Get rid of it. He was depressed at school.

UnA me-re da bayn-e jangal ter kadan.

ma aga tanhA bAshom, deg mEyaroni.

They hid me in the forest.

I will be depressed if I am alone.

- chat kadan This has the posht-e chlz gashtan

same meaning as the above,
To pursue, or to follow up.

1-ra chet VIE%

shAgerdAn poahte dars namEgardan.
Get rid of this.

The students don't pursue their studies.

cheshmhA-e kas-e rOshan bUdan

kas-e key poshtesh gashta?

Said to someone who has just received a guest,
a letter, or a present; someone, for the above
When has anyone concerncl l'irn self with it?
reasons, should have "bright eyed'.

poshtesh nagard.
cheshmhA-et rOshan.
Don't pursue It.
Your eyes are bright.

gOrnesh k0 Forget it!

khosh AmadEn Welcome

U-ra gOniesh kO.

ba khAn-e mA khosh AmadEn,
Forget it,

Welcome to our house.

267 268
 267 268

sAt terI fun, recreation da wakht-e dars shAgerdA faqat sAtee khod-a
ter mEkonan.
da mEla arqesm sAt ter' bUd.

During class, the students just pass their time.

There was all kinds of fun at the picnic.

zlyAd kAr nakOnEn. sAt=e lthod-a ter kOnEn.

sAt torI kadan to play, to pass
one's time happily.
Don't work too hard. Pass your time pleasantly.

hAd az chAr baja mA da bAgh sAt tort kadEm.

yak sAt ter Adam
This is a person who is always happy; one who
We played in the garden after 400.
knows how to have a good time,

sAt-e kas-e ter bUdan

sar-e kas-e nAwakht ahodan
When someone's time passes pleasantly;
In Dori, one isn't late; it becomes late on one.
when one has fun or enjoys oneself. This is a
passive construction.
sAt nadAshtom, lezA sar-e ma nAwakht shod,

aga UnJA borEn, sAt-e shornA ter as.

I didn't have a watch so I w late.

If you go there, you will have fun.

khodA kona kE. .
Impersonal form of "to hope". Used with
wakht-e kE tU arnrA-e ma bUdI, sAt-e ma
'ho' form.
ter bUd.

khodA kona kE da mtehan kArnyAb Shawem.

When you were with me, I enjoyed myself.

I hope I pass the test.

aAt-e lthod-a ter kadan
The active form of the above; to pass one's
khodA kona kE U nara.
time.
I hope he doesn't go.

20
 269
270

OmidwAr bUdan Personal bare dU rOz UnA shekam raw bUdan.

form of "to hope". Used with the '113' form.

They had diarrea for two days.

OmldwAr astErn kE shornA ha khAn-e mA
byAyEn.
*to become sick with an illnes, use ' shodant
We hope you come to our house.
with whatever illness needed.

SICRIESS
wakht-e IcE ma nAn-e shawl' khorclom,
deldard shodem.
Generally, in English one has an ailment, while
in Dari, one IS that ailment .
I got a stomach ache when I ate dinner.

sar dard bUdan to have a

U az dare dAdan ear dard mEsha.
headache.

He gets a headache from teaching.

dIrOz ma sar dard bUdom.

AwAza andAkhtan
Yesterday I had a headache.
To spread rumors,

del dard(shekaia `dard)bUdan

da tAbestAn random besyAr AwAza. andAkhtan.

To have a stomach ache,

During the summer people spread many rumors.

ShomA del dard astEn?

= khosh-e kas Amadan
A passive construction for "to like% Used
Do you have a stomach ache?
with bound pronouns.

ehekam raw (pEch) bUdan

Ab o awA-e sAlang khosh-em rnEAya.
To have diarrea,

I like the Salang's climate.

272
271
 271 272

kabAb. khosh-etAn mEAya?

sar-e takht-e khaw darAz bEkashEn.

Do you like kebAb?

Lie down on the bed,

U kctAb khosh-e mA nAmad.

parwA nadAshtan/ nabUdan
To not matter.
We didn't like that book.

parwA nadAra..
aw bAzi nosh-a IsmAel Amad,
It doesn't matter.

Ismael liked swimming.

parwA nEs.
It doesn't matter.
- awqAt-e kas=e talkh bUdan
To be a combination of cross and unhappy.
- farq nakadan is also common.

bAd az tropes besyAr awqAt-em talkh bUd.

bare ma farq namEkona.
It doesn't make a difference to me.
I was very cross after the meeting,

gharaz gereftani dAshtan

wakht-e kE U amrA-e mOdir sAheb gap zad
To bother or to disturb. Used mainly in the
awqAt-esh talkh shod.
present tense.

When he talked with the principal, he became

karlm da kAr-e ma gharaz mEglrai
cross.

Karim bothers me in my work.

darAz kashidan to lie down, or
to stretch out.
da ma gharaz naglrEn.

ma darAz k:;h1clom.
Don't bother me (in my work)
I lay down

273
 273

bAsyW-a tAn-pLAJA bbmAnEn; kas-e g;haraz

namEgIra..

Leave your bicycle here; no one will bother it.

mardom da khArejI gharaz nadAran.

People don't bother a foreigner.

also- rna-ra gharaz nEs.

It's nothing to me. Don't bother me.

felAni so and so

U ma-ra goft kE felitni ba Ana Amae,

He told me that so and so came to the house.

da felAni wakht
at such and such a time

da felAni jay
at such and such a place

pinak1 raftan to drift off to sleep

unintentionally; to nod off.

mOtarwAn pinakl mEraft.

The driver was nodding off

275
 274
275

teka teka to be broken azIz jai,vAnIkad wa pays-c nAn-e mA-ra dAd.

into little piece

Aziz paid for our food.

sAtern teka teka shod.
My watch broke into little pieces, ba tti chi? What's it to you?

aga etlyAt nakOnEn, teka teka mEsha. -ba ma. oh!? What's it to me?

If you are not careful, it will break into little enikAn dAshtan To have a
pieces1
chance; to be possible. Always conjugated in
the third person singular, with a '1301 form
teka teka also means to be verb following.
extremely tired; to be "beat%

emkAn dAra kE sOb ma ha mazAr borom.

ma az dars dAdan teka teka, astom,

There is a chance I will go to Mazar in th

I am beat from teaching,
morning.

jawAnl kadan This is when emkAn nadAra kE shomA da emtehAn kAmyAb

a person tries to pay a restaurant bill or other shawEn.
such expense for his friends. This accounts for
the pushing and shoving one sees in bazAr.res-
There is no chance you will pass the test.
taurants as everyone tries to pay; it also means
to do a big favor.
etemAl dAshtan to be probable;
used the same way as enikAn dAshtan,
shomA javvAnI nakOnEn. emrOz paysa-ra ma
mEtom.
etemAl dAra ILEshomA IJ-ra blbinEn.

Don't try to pay, Today I will pay,

You will probably see him.

277
27C
 276 277

-shak dAshtan to doubt, sar-e kas-e kAr kadan

To have someone do something,
mA shak dArErn kE U ba arnrikA bora,

mAlem sar-e bachA tekrAr kad,

We doubt he will go to America.

The teacher had the boys repeat,

taloq dAshtan to belong to,

azlz sar-e assad yak ketAb-e naw

I ketab ba ma talog dAra.,

Aziz had Assad buy him a new book,

This book belongs to me.

ma sar-e Ashpaz-e k_hod yak takht-e khaw

U bAysekel ba azlz taloq nadAra.
payda mEkonom.

That bicycle doesn't belong to Aziz.

I am having my cook find me a.bedh

I qalam bakl taloq dAra?

sar-e shAgerdA dare kbAna-r4 p0k kOnEn

Who does this pen belong to?

Have the students clean the classroom.

talog gereftan to come to yAd-e kaa-e dAdan

belong to.
To remind someone,

arkas mEkhast kE khAna-ra bIglra, amA be

U emtehAn-a ba yAd-em dAd.
rahlin taloq gereft.

He reminded me about the test,

Everyone wanted to take this house, but it came
to belong to Rahim (Rahim got it).
ma ba yAd-esh dAdom kE ba khAna bora.

I be ki taloq mEglra?
I reminded him to go home,
Who will this belong to?

279
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279

az yAd-e kas raftan cbiz-e ra chi shodan

To forget
If an object marker is added to the noun,
it means that something has gone wrong. with it,
ketAb-e shomA az yAd-em raft.

rAi10-ra chi shod?

I forgot your book.
What happened to the radio?

loghathA-e englIsr zUd az yAd-esh mEra.

samEs-ra chi shod?
What happened to the bus?
He quickly forgets English woes.

- chi kAr shod means the same

yad-e kas-e Amadan
as the above.
To remember

mAshIn-a oh' kAr shod?

kiln shod kE yAd-em Amad.
What happened to the en

It's good that remembered,

az chiz-e bad bordan
To dislike
puAn kE khAna rasIdorn sawdA kharIdan ba
yAd-em Amu].
ma az drOgh goftan besyAr bad rabarom.

Later when I reached home, I remethbered

Lreally dislike telling lies.
the shopping.

pAr sAl azlz az mAlem-e khod bad bori.

chIz-e chi shodan This con-
struction is used when 'asking the location of some-
Aziz disliked his teacher last year.
thing you had formerly seen in one place.

bad-e kas-e Amadan to dislike,

ketAb-e ma chi shed?
a passive form conjugated with bound pronouns,
What happened to my book?

2S
 280 21

yAsin bad=em mEAya.

fAsela dAshtan to be a
I dislike Ya.sin.
certain distance from something,

milzlike besyAr bad-esh Amad. az kAbul ta herAt deo. fAsela dAra?

He disliked Indian music .

How far Is it from Kabul to Herat?

zer-e tAslr rattan to be- az pohantUn khAn-e ma oqa fAsela nadAra.

come nervous in a situation so that one's abilities
are impaired; literally "going under the effect',
My house isn't very far from the University,
or feeling the pressure,

= Mat gereftan literally this

da wakht-e emtehAn shAgerdA zer-o tAslr
means to get a habit, but here it means getting
mEran.
used to something,

During the test the students get nervous.

awal dais dAdan harem moshkel bUd, a A
Ale Adat gereftom.
U kE zer-e tAslr raft, chlz=e gofta natAnest.

At first teaching was difficult for me, but now

When he became nervous, he couldn't speak,
I have gotten used to it,

IthandA-e kas-e ra kashIdan

awal kAbul bad-oh mEAmad laken Ale Adat
To make someone laui .
gereft,

rahirn khandA-e ma=ra ka.shId.

At first he didn't like Kabul, but now hots
gotten used to it,
whim made me laugh.

gereftAr shedan to be tied

ma khandA-e SliAn.a. kashldom. up; to be occupied,

I made them lau

 282 283

I afta da daftar gereftAr shodom. tamAm-e gaphA kharAb as,

This week I have been tied up at the office. It's all bad,

gereftA ri means things or work majbUr Man to have to do some-

that take up one's time and attention, thing; to be obligated,

da daftar emrOz goreftAri-ma besyAr as,

ma majbUr astom kE ha kAbul borom0

I have a lot of work at the office today. I have to go to Kabul,

chandAn used as we use much U majbUr bUd kE UnA-ra btblna.

preceded by a negative.

He had to see them.

U chandAn Adam nabUd,
He wasn't much of a person,
mA majbUr nEstEni kE borEtn.

nAn-eshAn chandAn nAn nEs. We don't have to go.

Their food Isn't all that good. kAshkE If only. This is used
with the past progressive tense.
tamArn used as all, or whole.
kAshkE ma dlrOz mEraftom.
tamAm-e shaw mA bEdAr bUdEm.

If only I had gone yesterday.

We were awake all night,

kAshkE shomA U-ra namEldlarIdEn.

tamAm-e jAn-e ma dard mEkona.

If only you hadn't bout that

My whole body hurts,

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285

chAy dam kadan to make tea, azlz ba daftar namEAya. U Ech darak nadAra.
This literally iv3ans to brew tea; used often to
request tea,
Adz doesn't come to the office. He's never
around.
bar -e ma yak ohAy alyAh dam kO.
darak dAshtan can also be used
Get me some black tea.
as "to have information" about something one needs.

azlz bar rnA chAy am dam kad.

khAn-e kerAl dank dArEn?

Aziz also got us tea.

Do you know of a house for rent?

kojA astEn? A corium Knecht-0 poldita darak nadArEn?

greeting. Essentially means, "Where have
you been?" Said to someone you haven't seen
Do you know of any baked bricks? (neg)
in awhile.

= jAy ha jAy in place. Can refer

shomA koja astEn?
to a person's getting settled somewhere.
Where have you been.

da yak afta UnA da IdiAna-eshAn'jAy ha jAy

- darak dAshtan literally means mEsha.
to have a trace, but has many different uses. It
can be used for people one hasn't seen recently.
Within a week they will get settled in their
house.
I rOzhA shomA Ech darak riadArEn.

Can also mean "right there", "on the spot",

These days you haven't been around,

wakiik kE U-ra mOtar zad, jAy ha jAy mord.

shomA kojA astEn? Ech darak-e:An nEs.

When the vehicle hit him he died right there.

Where have you been? You're never around.

287
286
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287

bi Dar, this is used often and in ketAb=e khod-a ha senf bEArEn.

many different situations. It's meaning varies
viith the tituation.
Bring your (own) book to class.
tile first three examples, khod trans-
lates fa Iwttir the subject of the sentence.
U kAr=e khod-a namEfama.

A!7:1z rahim-a amrA-e khod ha shefA khAna

He doesn't 'mow his (own) work.
bed
In the following diverse examples, khod
Aztz took Rahirn with him to the hospital.
has many different meanings.

ras-ra amrA-e khod ha sertInA na mEbarl?

U khAna az Ithod dAsht.
He had his own house.
Will you take me to the cinema with you?

mA U-ra bad na goftEm, amA U pEsh=e khod

ma amakht kamra amrA-e khc1 mEbaroni
dega chlz feker kad.

I always carry a camera, with me.

We didn't say anything bad about him,
but he thought something else on his own.
In these next examples, khod shows
possession.
U khod-a kata kata mEsAza.

assad bacha-e khod=a ha shAr bord.

He makes himself big (in his own Imagina ion).

Ass ad took his son to the city.

azlz besyAr gaphA az khod jOr mEkona.

ma amrA-e galam-e Idled sE bat neweshtcrn

Aziz makes up stories.
(neweshta kadom).

ma az khod porsAn kadom.

I wrote three letters with my (own) pen.
I asked myself.

289
288
 288

ma bar -e Ithed goftcm kE BAber kO.

I told myself, 'A' alt.

Ti az khod defA kad.

He defended blinself.

ma pEsh-e we,dJn-s khod khejAlat shalom,

I was ashamed of myself an front of nay own

conscience).

Rabmat az aq-e khod z Ad gereft.

Rabmat tea than his share.

Ithabar shocU to become

aware of an event or some info-rmation.

yak afta bAd ma !disbar shodona.

I found ou t a week later.

az arlisI-e azlz Mader shodEn?

Have you found out about Aziz's wedding?

nags literally means a loss, deficit,

or flaw, but it is used in diverse situationso

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.:;ga ma Ira ba ShornA a_ftAd 0 pal rUpa I khAna yak noqs dAra- otAqhA-esh khord as.
Etom, nags mEkonorn.

This house has one flaw; its rooms are small.

I give this to you for 75, I will take a loss,

kodAm often used as some, referring

:ahlm bAyaekel=e Ithod-a dU a.zAr for0kht
to sow indefinite quantity, thing, or person,
a noqs kad.

atnrA-e ma kodAm chAy namEkhorEn?

Rahim sold his bicycle for 2000 and took a
loss.
Will you drink some tea with me? (nem

aga shomA angUte nAsho.shta-ra boldiorEn,

shomA kodAm sawAl dArEn?
barA-e etAn noqs mEkona,

Do you have any questions?

If you eat the unwashed gapes, they will cause
you trouble
ha kandahAr ma kodAm fartnAesh nadArom.

raftan-e ma bar-e ma besyAr noqs kad.

I don't need anything in Kandahar.

My going caused me a lot of trouble.

kodAm waft da khAn-e raA bEAyEn.

mOtar noqs kad?

Come to our house sometime.
Whats wrong with the bus (car)?

kodAm shAgerd albata ketAb-shomA-ra gereft.

I IcAr chi noqs dAra?
Whatls wrong with doing this?
Most likely some student took your book.

sAt-e ma noqs dAra.

azlz amrA-e rabbi kodAm jAy rafta.
There is something wrong with my watch.

AzIz went someplace with4tahim.

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292
 291

kodAm nafar-a mEshnAsEn kE khAn-e kerAl

dAshta bAsha?

Do you bow anyone who has a house for rent?

I-ra chand mEtI? Although

it may seem otherwise, this question means,
"How much will you give this for?". This is a
common bazaar question.

I qalam-a ohand mEti?

How much will you give this pelt for?

a chAynak-a sad rUpa mEtom.

I will give you the.teapot for 100

also I will give you 100 for the teapot.

Other variations Includ

dUkEmdAr teka-ra metr-e sI rUpa dAd.

The shopkeeper gave t material for 30.

karn namEtl?
Won't you iive it for less.

chand kharldl? This means

"For how much did you buy ?" but the "for" used
in English isn't needed in Dart.
 92
293

pErAn-a chand kbarIdi? araq barAmadan said when

How such did you buy the shirt for?
someone works so hard they sweat, literally or
figuratively.
qalam-a chand gereftl?
How much did you get the pen for?
emrOz Nader kAr kadom) aqhA-em
barAmad.
qalam-a chel rUpa gereftom.

I worked extremely hard today.

I got the pen for forty,

rasAndan version of verb rasldan,

bUt-a chand kharld?
but used transitively.
How much did he buy the shoes for?

khat-e shomA-ra ba khAnesh mErasAnom.

bUt-t Sij sad khar Id.
He bought the shoes for 500,
I will get your letter to his house.

mEz-a chand jor kadl?

saruEs mA-ra sAt-e dU baja da kAbul ra.sAnd.
For how much did you have the table made?

The bus got us to Kabul at 200.

mEz-a sE sad jot kadom.
I had the table made for 300. = ear del-e kas-e rekttan
said when someone is bored by long or re-
araqA- e kas-e kashIdan petitive talking.
To make someone sweat, literally or figuratively.

qesa-e rahlm sar-e del-em

mAlem ba mA eqada.r data dAd, araqhA mA-ra
kashid.
Rahimls story bored me to tears.

The teacher tauit us so much we sweated.

295
294
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295

gaphA-eshAn sar-e del-e mA rEIC = sar garml entertainment, or

leisure activities.
Their talk bored me to tears.

az taraf-e thaw chi par gum! dArEn?

khAna port kadan to fill
out forms.
What do you have to do at night? .

I forma-ra khAna port kiNEn.

maza-e kas-e nabUdan
This is said about someone who isn't ,fun to
Fill out this form,
be around.

ma qa.blan U-ra khAna port kadom.

U Ech shakalyat nadArai maza-esh nEs.

I already filled that out.

He doesn't have any personality. He's a drag.

kas-e ra sardard sAkhtan

sar=e kas-e chapa shodan
to give someone a headache.
to get a headache.

dlrOz shAgerdA ina-ra sarlard sAkhtan.

emrOz ma besyAr kAr kadom, sar-em chaps
shod.
Yesterday the students gave me a headache.
I worked very hard today. I got a headache.

ma-ra sardartl nasAzEn.

Can also be used transitively with kadan.
Don't give me a headache.

kAr emr02 sar-e ma-ra chapa. kad.

sar-e kas-e garm
to be high on thugs.
Work gave inea headache today.

dlshaw kE aziz Amad sar-esh gars bud.

sar-e kas-e dor klonian
to have a spinning head.
Last night when Azlz came, he was high.

297

296
 296 297

emrOz sar-e ma dawr mEkhora. ba shomA rabt nadAra

This means "What's it to yo , but it is more
Today my head is spinning.
polite than "ba tU chP' Trans-
lated literally it means, "It doesn't have any
awqAt talkhl bitchiness. connection (relation) to you."
When someone always finds fault in someone's
work in an unpleasant way.
bE shak without doubt. Far out.

azlz da. khAna besyAr awqAt talkhl mEkona.

mad chi khUb rags mEkona. bE shak.

Aziz is always finding fault with his family's

How well Assad dances! Far out!
work.

jalAb a pest, always bothering

da namad mUl pAlldan
people.
named = felt; mUf = hair;
nit picking; when one always finds fault with
anwar jalAb as. ChEqa gap mEzana!
something, no matter how perfect it is.

Anwar is a pest. He never stops talking.

tU cherA arwakht da named mUI mEpAlI?

bUt pAk a flatterer, someone who

Why are you always nitpicking?
plays up to others in order to get ahead.

- ma-ra tEr "I pass" ; used both Zayd bUt pAk as. ha mOdir sAheb arwakht
in cards and in other situations where one
bUt pAki mEkona.
doesn't want to be involved in the goings on.

Zayd' is a flatterer. He is always flattering

shomA kandahAr mErEn ? ma-ra tEr
the principal (director).

You're going to Kandahar? I pass. chApalUs (flatterer) and chApalUsi

kadan (to flatte ) can also be used.

298
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zoq zoq kadan to be a pest; to

repeat informatton one already Imows.

sAheb-e kILAna, rAje ba kerA-e khAna amesha.

zoq zoq mEkona.

The landlord is always makIng noise about

the rent.

- nog zadan to pester

RahIm ma -ra da it niunEmAna. U
amoeba nog mEzana.

Rahim never lets me work. He is always

bothering me about one thing or =other.

del-e kas-e shodanj Man

A more passive way of stating the desire to
do something.

del-em as kE mazAr borom.

I have the urge to go to Mazar.

UcherA raft albata del-esh shod.

Why did he go? Most likely he felt an urge.

Ech del-em namEsha.

I have no urge. I don't want to.

300
 299 300

Also used this way: wakht-e k ra zAEh kadan

del-etAn literally, to ruin or waste someone's time.
Anything you want (it's up to you) Often said in politeness to assure someone you
don't wish to waste their time.
slyAsat kadan slyAsat moans
politics, but here it means to intimidate others rant wakht-e ma-ra zAEh kad,
by showing one's strengt, real or not.
Rahka wasted my time,
modIr sari shAgerdA hesyAz slyAsat
mEkona. wakbt-e shomA-ra zAEh na mEkotEm?

The principal intimidates the students We aren't wasting your time, are we?

sari ma slyAsat nak0. tamAs gereftan to get in touch

with. Used with amrA-e
Don't try to intimidate me.

dirOz amrA-e rahlm tamAs gereftom.

- hari-e kas-e ra gereftan
to interrupt, I got in touch with llahim yesterday.

adz harf-ma-ra gereft. sAt-e dU baja ainrA-e ma tamAs begIrEn.

Aziz interrupted me. Get in touch with me at 2:00,

hark rahlm-ana rEn1 tamAs dAshtan is also common.

Don't interrupt Rahlm, arrOz amrA-e UnA tamAs dArEin.

This patteri can also he used with wakht We are in touch with them eveiyday
and jAy ,, for taking someone's time and
plaee,

302

301
 301 302

telephOrd an adjective meaning blyA kE chand daga daid-del konEm.

by telephone.

Let's talk for a minute about the bad things

U-ra nadidom amA amrA-e esh telephOJ gap that have happened to us since we last saw
zadom. each other.

I didn't see him, but I talked to him by tel - bIyA kE borEm Let's go.
phone,

aga rola mErEn, blyA kE borEm.

raft 0 Amad to have social com-
ings and goings with someone.
if you are going to Manx, let's go.

ma amrA-e asad raft 0 Atnad darom. blyA kE nAn boldiorEm.

Let's eat.
Assad and I are friends.

001 means nearly; in this

da jAn-e kas-e zadan
construction it means something that nearly hap-
This means to take advantage of someone in pened. Always used with the past perfect,
the guise of friendship.

garb ma-ra mOta.r zeds Mid.

U nafar besyAr slyAna as.
That person takes advantage of his friends. The bus (car, vehicle) neat hit m:

- rend means the same thing. garb ma da emtehAn nAkAm shoda bUdom,

dard-e del kadan This means I nearly failed the teat.

to unburden oneself of the bad things that have
happened in one's life by talking about them.
da rAh chand dafa cid° aftida bUdom.
One generally does this with someone whom
one has not seen in awhile.
On the way I nearly fell several times.

304
303
 del'e kas-e ba tang Amadan
to be restless in something; feel trapped.

az I kAr del-e ma ba. tang. Amad.

I feel trapped and restless in this work.

rag zadan to urinate, polite form.

U bar-e rag zadan rafta.

He's gone to the bathroom.

zor-e kas-e narasIdan

zOr means strength, but here it means
financial strength; to be unable to afford
something.

zor-e ma ba mOtar namErasa.

I can't afford a car.

zor-ema ti sad rUpa. namErasa. Aga

aftad bEtEn, mEglrom.

I can't afford (to give) 100 afa. If you

give it for 701 will take it.

bAz when used as a. suffix, this

means someone who is an enthusiast

305
 304 305

kdtar bAz pigeon fancier rahlni-a gOsha kadorn Via bar pie esh gap-e
shoraA-ra goftom.
kawk bAz a person who takes
care of partridges to enter them in bird
I got Rahim alone and told him what you said,
fights,

kAJA-e shalthal literally "per-

oink bAz gambler sonal clothes"; means clothes one wears after
work, Is perm and tambon.
morgh bAz chicken fancier;
fighting chickens, generally,
derIshI kadan to wear a suit.

sag bAz dog fancier (fighting) wa1cht-i5kE AM ha niaktab mEra, U derlshl

mEkona.
hod bAz quail fancier

When Azam goes to school he wears a, Nita

bacha bAz homosexual

kalAnkAr means "big work";

zanaka bAz adulterer
someone who is self-important, who thLnks he is
bigger than he really is.
gol bAz someone who keeps kalAnkArl is what a kalAnkAr
flowers.
does.'
assad kalAnkAr as. arwakht kalAnkArl
- bAzi following any of the above expressions mEkona.
means what that individual does,

Assad thinks he is bigger than he really is.

Is qemAr bAd 2gambling

khosh khat someone who has good

gOsha means secluded place, but handwriting.
here it Is used when a person corners someone
to tell him something.

307
336
 306 307

khat-e haflz-a dldEn? U besyAr khosh khat daoud bacha-e nana as.

Did you see Hanes handwriting? He has a

Dad is a mama's boy,
good hEmdwriting.

lekchar a man who is always

khosh AwAz someone who has a talking, and with the higher tones of a woman's
good voice.
voice.

Aref khosh AwAz aa, besyAr khlib mEkhAna.

Omar cheqa gap mEzana! U lekohor as.

Aref has a good voice1 Be sings very well,

How much Omar talks! He is

dew zadan to curse someone BIA s ar refers to females in

to his or her face; usually takes the form of a
public places. Used in requesting separate
verbal attack on the femalehembers of one's
seating ond services.
family.

jAy barA-e slAsar dArEn?

sAdeq Ebraham-a daw zad.

Do you have a place for women?

sAdeq cursed Abraham.

Unja nashinEn. U jAy-e slAsar as.

bachAy-e Hord amEsha yak-6 dega-ra daw
mEzana.
Don't sit there. That place is for women.

The little boys are always cursing each

ma am slAsar dArom.
other,

I have women with mei I need a separate

= bacha-e nana someone unable place.)
to take care of himself; mama's boy.

309
308
 30.8

- used to "Used to" is expressed in Dart by

using the past progressive tense,

mA arrOz ba bAgh mEraftEm.

We used to go to the garden evelyday.

U da kArt-e sE zendagl mEkad, taken Ale

da shar-e naw as.

He used to live in Kerte Se, but now he is

in Tart Nan.

gmat-e gOsbt-e gosfand penjA 0.

panj taBbildf ataA Alet\. ziyAd shoda.

Lamb used to cost 55,6 kilo, but now It

had increased.

310
 Words Without Translations

bokhArl any sort of stove used for

heating; includes car heaters.

bokhArl bug electric heater.

sandalf device for heating a room; is

essentially a table, underneath which hot coals
are placed. A quilt is put over the top of the
table, draping down to the floor, and people sit
around the table, partly under the quilt.

- chapAn long, often multi-colored

robe, sometimes filled with cotton, worn mainly
in the north,

roqa excuse note sent to cover one's

Bence from either school or job.

anborl opening under compound wall

through which water flows.

jul ditch, usually carries water; also

means just about any tream short of a good
sized river,

khUm large clay vessel used to settle

the silt and impurities out of water.

tOshak large pillow for sitting.

311
 310
311

pErhan 0 tombon Afghan segreti means both a person who

pants and shirt. smokes cigarettes Ed a cigarette which has been
emptied and filled with hash.
= A1A-e shakhsl peran and tam-
bon; clothes worn outside of work. Azerl or ketAb=e Azar'
the attendance book present in all institutions.
= klInar person who collects money on
the bus, and who is the driver's assistant. - ci ayd term used to designate the line drawn
across the squares in the AzerI to in-
mAmUr literally metes clerk, but dicate that the person is absent; also, any place
applicable to any government functionary up to where a line or mark is drawn to prevent further
governor. waiting.

mAnairin plural of mAmlir - gAdi horse drawn carriage.

= chAderl complete veil worn by karachI cart pulled by men for trans-
women. porting goods; can also be horse drawn.

aftAwa 0 dart BIM or - gAdlwAn man who drives a gAdI.

aftAwa lagan pitcher and basin
used to wash one's hands before a. meal in the karachlwAn man who pulls a
home. karachi.

- slAsar means females in the con kabAb r ted meat on skewers.

text of public places.
kabAbl means both the shop where
ezer band or band-e tornbon , the kabAb is cooked, and the man who cooks it.
cloth "belt" used in Afghan pants.
locima the amount of rice one can pick
charsl a person who smokes hash. up with one hand; ie, one handful of rice.

312
 312

manzel formerly the distance one tra-

velled in one day; thus, the distance from one car-
avanserai to the next. This term is still used by
drivers, although that distance is now covered in
hours or minutes,
manzel kadan is the actual travel-
ling; being in motion from one place to another.

= rEsh saffd literally means lwhite

beard, but is a term of respect meaning an elder;
an old man.

taraqi tahlim the ledger found in

classrooms where the teacher must write what
material he has covered, students absent, home-
work, etc.

shoo the grade sheet the teacher

fills out for each class,

kajAwa the baskets (not bags) used

to transport things on donkeys.

dUll a box with handles used for car

bricks.

zanbel a basket with handles (4), used

for car _g fruit or dirt; wielded by two men,

ahwAl porsl the long initial greet-

ing; ahwAl porsi kadan to greet,

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Grammatical Terms adverb of place qayd-e 'nal&

(mainly useful to language teachers)

adverb of time qayd-e zamAn

noun earn

adverb of manner qayd-e hAlat

verb f71

preposition harf-e rabt

adjective sefat

sentence jomla
subject Mel
du
question sawAl
pronoun zamIr

command fEl-e arnrya

infinitive masdar

singular mofrad
participle hAlat-e sEyom JL
plural jam
object matill

positive mosbat L
possessive pronoun zamIr-e molid

negative manfl
J-14.re-a

possessive adjective sefat-e shaithel passive majUl

active milk
main verb fEl-e sail L,J.41

present(general) hAl
helping verb EI-e kom
mAwEn-e fEl j4 LA.4
past gozashta

adverb qayd
future Ayenda

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simple present hAle sAda dsiL. J dictation emiA

present progressive hAl-e jArI punctuation alAma gozArI

simple past rdzi sAda capital letter harf-e kalAn

past progressive rnAzi jAr tieL small letter harf-e herd

present perfect mAzi qarlbL,,,i) comma kAma

past perfect mMI hard period noqta

future esteqbAl (Ayenda)

question mark nAkhona

ransitive !El-8 lAzerni (fi parenthesis qaws

intransitive fEl-e gilayr-e lAzeml

Useful sentences and phrases:

direct speech goftAr-e mostagra Make this sentence a question,

tkat In jomla=ra sawAlyhesAzEd.

41'; t/j4 I
indirect speech goftAr-e iayni mostaqh

)1:1 Make these sentences negative.

In jomlAt-ra manfi besAzEd.
phrase faqara tse.. 1

paragraph paragrAf 11.# Change this sto-ry to the pt tense,

in qesa-ra ha zareAn-e gozashta total k nEd.
grammar grAmar
titki4; 4.4 014'

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