Angel Joy N.

Calicdan

CEA_ce_2i

ES 208 – Differential Equations PIT

Nth Order Linear Homogeneous DE with Constant Coefficients

PROBLEM 1. Solve the given initial value problem.

𝑦 (4) + 2𝑦 ′′′ − 13𝑦 ′′ − 14𝑦 ′ + 24𝑦 = 0; 𝑦(0) = 1, 𝑦 ′ (0) = −1, 𝑦 ′′ (0) = 0, 𝑦 ′′′ (0) = −1

SOLUTION:

Auxiliary Equation: 𝑚4 + 2𝑚3 − 13𝑚2 − 14𝑚 + 24 = 0

(𝑚 − 1)(𝑚 + 2)(𝑚 − 3)(𝑚 + 4) = 0

𝑚1 = 1, 𝑚2 = −2, 𝑚3 = 3, 𝑚4 = −4 (𝐶𝑎𝑠𝑒 1)

𝑮𝒆𝒏𝒆𝒓𝒂𝒍 𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏: 𝒚(𝒙) = 𝑪𝟏 𝒆𝒙 + 𝑪𝟐 𝒆−𝟐𝒙 + 𝑪𝟑 𝒆𝟑𝒙 + 𝑪𝟒 𝒆−𝟒𝒙

𝑦 ′ (𝑥) = 𝐶1 𝑒 𝑥 − 2𝐶2 𝑒 −2𝑥 + 3𝐶3 𝑒 3𝑥 − 4𝐶4 𝑒 −4𝑥

𝑦 ′′ (𝑥) = 𝐶1 𝑒 𝑥 + 4𝐶2 𝑒 −2𝑥 + 9𝐶3 𝑒 3𝑥 + 16𝐶4 𝑒 −4𝑥

𝑦 ′′′ (𝑥) = 𝐶1 𝑒 𝑥 − 8𝐶2 𝑒 −2𝑥 + 27𝐶3 𝑒 3𝑥 − 64𝐶4 𝑒 −4𝑥

𝑦(0) = 1

𝑦(0) = 𝐶1 𝑒 0 + 𝐶2 𝑒 −2(0) + 𝐶3 𝑒 3(0) + 𝐶4 𝑒 −4(0)

𝐶1 + 𝐶2 + 𝐶3 + 𝐶4 = 1

𝑦 ′ (0) = −1

𝑦 ′ (0) = 𝐶1 𝑒 0 − 2𝐶2 𝑒 −2(0) + 3𝐶3 𝑒 3(0) − 4𝐶4 𝑒 −4(0)

𝐶1 − 2𝐶2 + 3𝐶3 − 4𝐶4 = −1

𝑦 ′′ (0) = 0

𝑦 ′′ (0) = 𝐶1 𝑒 0 + 4𝐶2 𝑒 −2(0) + 9𝐶3 𝑒 3(0) + 16𝐶4 𝑒 −4(0)

𝐶1 + 4𝐶2 + 9𝐶3 + 16𝐶4 = 0
𝑦 ′′′ (0) = −1

𝑦 ′′′ (0) = 𝐶1 𝑒 0 − 8𝐶2 𝑒 −2(0) + 27𝐶3 𝑒 3(0) − 64𝐶4 𝑒 −4(0)

𝐶1 − 8𝐶2 + 27𝐶3 − 64𝐶4 = −1

𝐶1 + 𝐶2 + 𝐶3 + 𝐶4 = 1
𝐶1 − 2𝐶2 + 3𝐶3 − 4𝐶4 = −1

𝐶1 + 4𝐶2 + 9𝐶3 + 16𝐶4 = 0

𝐶1 − 8𝐶2 + 27𝐶3 − 64𝐶4 = −1

1 4 11 1
𝐶1 = ; 𝐶2 = ; 𝐶3 = − ; 𝐶4 = −
2 5 70 7
𝟏 𝒙 𝟒 −𝟐𝒙 𝟏𝟏 𝟑𝒙 𝟏 −𝟒𝒙
𝑷𝒂𝒓𝒕𝒊𝒄𝒖𝒍𝒂𝒓 𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏: 𝒚(𝒙) = 𝒆 + 𝒆 − 𝒆 − 𝒆
𝟐 𝟓 𝟕𝟎 𝟕

PROBLEM 2. Solve the given differential equation.

𝑑6𝑥 𝑑4𝑥 𝑑2𝑥

− 3 + 3 −𝑥 = 0
𝑑𝑦 6 𝑑𝑦 4 𝑑𝑦 2

SOLUTION:

Auxiliary Equation: 𝑚6 − 3𝑚4 + 3𝑚2 − 1 = 0

(𝑚 − 1)3 (𝑚 + 1)3 = 0

𝑚1 = 1, 𝑚2 = 1, 𝑚3 = 1, 𝑚4 = −1, 𝑚5 = −1, 𝑚6 = −1 (𝐶𝑎𝑠𝑒 2)

𝑮𝒆𝒏𝒆𝒓𝒂𝒍 𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏: 𝒙(𝒚) = 𝑪𝟏 𝒆𝒚 + 𝑪𝟐 𝒚𝒆𝒚 + 𝑪𝟑 𝒚𝟐 𝒆𝒚 + 𝑪𝟒 𝒆−𝒚 + 𝑪𝟓 𝒚𝒆−𝒚 + 𝑪𝟔 𝒚𝟐 𝒆−𝒚

PROBLEM 3. Solve the given differential equation.

𝑧 ′′ + 11𝑧 = 0

SOLUTION:

Auxiliary Equation: 𝑚2 + 11 = 0

𝑚2 = −11

𝑚1 = √11𝑖, 𝑚2 = −√11𝑖 (𝐶𝑎𝑠𝑒 3𝑎)

𝛼 = 0, 𝛽 = √11

𝑮𝒆𝒏𝒆𝒓𝒂𝒍 𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏: 𝒛(𝒙) = 𝑪𝟏 𝒄𝒐𝒔(√11𝒙) + 𝑪𝟐 𝒔𝒊𝒏(√11𝒙)

PROBLEM 4. Solve the given differential equation.

𝑑4𝑄 𝑑2𝑄
+ 2 +𝑄 = 0
𝑑𝑥 4 𝑑𝑥 2

SOLUTION:

Auxiliary Equation: 𝑚4 + 2𝑚2 + 1 = 0

(𝑚2 + 1)2 = 0; 𝑘 = 2

𝑚1 = 𝑖, 𝑚2 = −𝑖, 𝑚3 = 𝑖, 𝑚4 = −𝑖 (𝐶𝑎𝑠𝑒 3𝑏)

𝛼 = 0, 𝛽 = 1

𝑮𝒆𝒏𝒆𝒓𝒂𝒍 𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏: 𝑸(𝒙) = 𝑪𝟏 𝒄𝒐𝒔(𝒙) + 𝑪𝟐 𝒔𝒊𝒏(𝒙) + 𝑪𝟑 𝒙𝒄𝒐𝒔(𝒙) + 𝑪𝟒 𝒙𝒔𝒊𝒏(𝒙)

PROBLEM 5. Solve the given differential equation.

𝑑5𝑠 𝑑4𝑠 𝑑3 𝑠 𝑑2𝑠 𝑑𝑠

5 − 4 4 + 5 3 + 6 2 − 36 + 40𝑠 = 0
𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡

SOLUTION:

Auxiliary Equation: 𝑚5 − 4𝑚4 + 5𝑚3 + 6𝑚2 − 36𝑚 + 40 = 0

(𝑚 − 2)2 (𝑚 + 2)(𝑚2 − 2𝑚 + 5) = 0
𝑚1 = 2, 𝑚2 = 2, 𝑚3 = −2, 𝑚4 = 1 + 2𝑖, 𝑚5 = 1 − 2𝑖 (𝐶𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑠 1, 2, 3𝑎)

𝛼 = 1, 𝛽 = 2

𝑮𝒆𝒏𝒆𝒓𝒂𝒍 𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏: 𝒔(𝒕) = 𝑪𝟏 𝒆𝟐𝒕 + 𝑪𝟐 𝒕𝒆𝟐𝒕 + 𝑪𝟑 𝒆−𝟐𝒕 + 𝑪𝟒 𝒆𝒕 𝒄𝒐𝒔(𝟐𝒕) + 𝑪𝟓 𝒆𝒕 𝒔𝒊𝒏(𝟐𝒕)

Non Homogeneous DE with Undetermined Coefficients

PROBLEM 1. Solve the given initial value problem.

𝜋 1 𝜋
𝑦 ′′ + 4𝑦 = −2, 𝑦 ( ) = , 𝑦 ′ ( ) = 2
8 2 8

SOLUTION:

𝑌𝑐 : 𝑦 ′′ + 4𝑦 = 0

Auxiliary Equation: 𝑚2 + 4 = 0

𝑚2 = −4

𝑚1 = 2𝑖, 𝑚2 = −2𝑖 (𝐶𝑎𝑠𝑒 3𝑎)

𝛼 = 0, 𝛽 = 2
𝑌𝑐 = 𝐶1 𝑐𝑜𝑠(2𝑥) + 𝐶2 𝑠𝑖𝑛(2𝑥)

𝑌𝑝 :

𝑦(𝑥) = −2 (𝐶𝑎𝑠𝑒 𝐴)
𝐿𝑒𝑡 𝑌𝑝 = 𝐴

𝑌𝑝′ = 0

𝑌𝑝′′ = 0

Substitute to Given:

𝑦 ′′ + 4𝑦 = −2

0 + 4𝐴 = −2
1
𝐴=−
2
1
𝑌𝑝 = −
2
𝑌 = 𝑌𝑐 + 𝑌𝑝
𝟏
𝑮𝒆𝒏𝒆𝒓𝒂𝒍 𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏: 𝒀 = 𝑪𝟏 𝒄𝒐𝒔(𝟐𝒙) + 𝑪𝟐 𝒔𝒊𝒏(𝟐𝒙) −
𝟐
𝑌 ′ = −2𝐶1 𝑠𝑖𝑛(2𝑥) + 2𝐶2 𝑐𝑜𝑠(2𝑥)

𝜋 1
𝑦( ) =
8 2
1 𝜋 𝜋 1
= 𝐶1 𝑐𝑜𝑠 (2 ( )) + 𝐶2 𝑠𝑖𝑛 (2 ( )) −
2 8 8 2

√2 √2
𝐶1 + 𝐶 =1
2 2 2

𝜋
𝑦′ ( ) = 2
8
𝜋 𝜋
2 = −2𝐶1 𝑠𝑖𝑛 (2 ( )) + 2𝐶2 𝑐𝑜𝑠 (2 ( ))
8 8

2 = −√2𝐶1 + √2𝐶2

𝐶1 = 𝐶2 − √2

√2 √2
(𝐶2 − √2) + 𝐶 =1
2 2 2
√2 √2
𝐶2 − 1 + 𝐶 =1
2 2 2
√2𝐶2 = 2

𝐶2 = √2

𝐶1 = √2 − √2 = 0

𝟏
𝑷𝒂𝒓𝒕𝒊𝒄𝒖𝒍𝒂𝒓 𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏: 𝒚(𝒙) = √𝟐𝒔𝒊𝒏(𝟐𝒙) −
𝟐
PROBLEM 2. Solve the initial value problem.

2𝑦 ′′ + 3𝑦 ′ − 2𝑦 = 14𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 − 11, 𝑦(0) = 0, 𝑦 ′ (0) = 0

SOLUTION:

𝑌𝑐 : 2𝑦 ′′ + 3𝑦 ′ − 2𝑦 = 0

Auxiliary Equation: 2𝑚2 + 3𝑚 − 2 = 0

3
𝑚2 + 𝑚 − 1 = 0
2
1
(𝑚 + 2) (𝑚 − ) = 0
2
1
𝑚1 = , 𝑚2 = −2 (𝐶𝑎𝑠𝑒 1)
2
1
𝑌𝑐 = 𝐶1 𝑒 2𝑥 + 𝐶2 𝑒 −2𝑥

𝑌𝑝 :

𝑦(𝑥) = 14𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 − 11 (𝐶𝑎𝑠𝑒 𝐶)

𝐿𝑒𝑡 𝑌𝑝 = 𝐴2 𝑥 2 + 𝐴1 𝑥 + 𝐴0

𝑌𝑝′ = 2𝐴2 𝑥 + 𝐴1

𝑌𝑝′′ = 2𝐴2

Substitute to Given:

2𝑦 ′′ + 3𝑦 ′ − 2𝑦 = 14𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 − 11

2(2𝐴2 ) + 3(2𝐴2 𝑥 + 𝐴1 ) − 2(𝐴2 𝑥 2 + 𝐴1 𝑥 + 𝐴0 ) = 14𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 − 11

4𝐴2 + 6𝐴2 𝑥 + 3𝐴1 − 2𝐴2 𝑥 2 − 2𝐴1 𝑥 − 2𝐴0 = 14𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 − 11

Equate the coefficients of like powers of x:

−2𝐴2 = 14

𝐴2 = −7
6𝐴2 − 2𝐴1 = −4

6(−7) − 2𝐴1 = −4
−42 − 2𝐴1 = −4

−2𝐴1 = 38
𝐴1 = −19

4𝐴2 + 3𝐴1 − 2𝐴0 = −11

4(−7) + 3(−19) − 2𝐴0 = −11

−28 − 57 − 2𝐴0 = −11

−2𝐴0 = 74

𝐴0 = −37

𝑌𝑝 = 𝐴2 𝑥 2 + 𝐴1 𝑥 + 𝐴0

𝑌𝑝 = −7𝑥 2 − 19𝑥 − 37

𝑌 = 𝑌𝑐 + 𝑌𝑝
𝟏
𝑮𝒆𝒏𝒆𝒓𝒂𝒍 𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏: 𝒀 = 𝑪𝟏 𝒆𝟐𝒙 + 𝑪𝟐 𝒆−𝟐𝒙 − 𝟕𝒙𝟐 − 𝟏𝟗𝒙 − 𝟑𝟕
1 1
𝑌 ′ = 𝐶1 𝑒 2𝑥 − 2𝐶2 𝑒 −2𝑥 − 14𝑥 − 19
2

𝑦(0) = 0
1
0 = 𝐶1 𝑒 2(0) + 𝐶2 𝑒 −2(0) − 7(0)2 − 19(0) − 37
0 = 𝐶1 + 𝐶2 − 0 − 0 − 37

𝐶1 = 37 − 𝐶2

𝑦 ′ (0) = 0
1 1
0 = 𝐶1 𝑒 2(0) − 2𝐶2 𝑒 −2(0) − 14(0) − 19
2
1
0 = 𝐶1 − 2𝐶2 − 0 − 19
2
1
𝐶 − 2𝐶2 = 19
2 1
1
(37 − 𝐶2 ) − 2𝐶2 = 19
2
37 1
− 𝐶 − 2𝐶2 = 19
2 2 2
5 1
− 𝐶2 =
2 2
1
𝐶2 = −
5

1 186
𝐶1 = 37 − (− ) =
5 5

𝟏𝟖𝟔 𝟏𝒙 𝟏 −𝟐𝒙
𝑷𝒂𝒓𝒕𝒊𝒄𝒖𝒍𝒂𝒓 𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏: 𝒚(𝒙) = 𝒆𝟐 − 𝒆 − 𝟕𝒙𝟐 − 𝟏𝟗𝒙 − 𝟑𝟕
𝟓 𝟓

PROBLEM 3. Solve the given differential equation.

𝑦 ′′ + 4𝑦 ′ + 5𝑦 = 35𝑒 −4𝑥

SOLUTION:

𝑌𝑐 : 𝑦 ′′ + 4𝑦 ′ + 5𝑦 = 0

Auxiliary Equation: 𝑚2 + 4𝑚 + 5 = 0

𝑚1 = −2 + 𝑖, 𝑚2 = −2 − 𝑖 (𝐶𝑎𝑠𝑒 3𝑎)

𝛼 = −2, 𝛽 = 1

𝑌𝑐 = 𝐶1 𝑒 −2𝑥 cos (𝑥) + 𝐶2 𝑒 −2𝑥 sin (𝑥)

𝑌𝑝 :

𝑦(𝑥) = 35𝑒 −4𝑥 (𝐶𝑎𝑠𝑒 𝐵)

𝐿𝑒𝑡 𝑌𝑝 = 𝐴𝑒 −4𝑥

𝑌𝑝′ = −4𝐴𝑒 −4𝑥

𝑌𝑝′′ = 16𝐴𝑒 −4𝑥

Substitute to Given:

𝑦 ′′ + 4𝑦 ′ + 5𝑦 = 35𝑒 −4𝑥

16𝐴𝑒 −4𝑥 + 4(−4𝐴𝑒 −4𝑥 ) + 5(𝐴𝑒 −4𝑥 ) = 35𝑒 −4𝑥

16𝐴𝑒 −4𝑥 − 16𝐴𝑒 −4𝑥 + 5𝐴𝑒 −4𝑥 = 35𝑒 −4𝑥

5𝐴𝑒 −4𝑥 = 35𝑒 −4𝑥

Equate the coefficients of like powers of x:

5𝐴 = 35
𝐴=7

𝑌𝑝 = 7𝑒 −4𝑥

𝑌 = 𝑌𝑐 + 𝑌𝑝

𝑮𝒆𝒏𝒆𝒓𝒂𝒍 𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏: 𝒀 = 𝑪𝟏 𝒆−𝟐𝒙 𝐜𝐨𝐬(𝒙) + 𝑪𝟐 𝒆−𝟐𝒙 𝐬𝐢𝐧(𝒙) + 𝟕𝒆−𝟒𝒙

PROBLEM 4. Solve the given differential equation.

𝑦 ′′ − 4𝑦 ′ + 4𝑦 = 7 sin(𝑡) − cos(𝑡)

SOLUTION:

𝑌𝑐 : 𝑦 ′′ − 4𝑦 ′ + 4𝑦 = 0

Auxiliary Equation: 𝑚2 − 4𝑚 + 4 = 0

(𝑚 − 2)(𝑚 − 2) = 0

𝑚1 = 2, 𝑚2 = 2 (𝐶𝑎𝑠𝑒 2)

𝑌𝑐 = 𝐶1 𝑒 2𝑡 + 𝐶2 𝑡𝑒 2𝑡

𝑌𝑝 :

𝑦(𝑥) = 7 sin(𝑡) − cos(𝑡) (𝐶𝑎𝑠𝑒 𝐷)

𝐿𝑒𝑡 𝑌𝑝 = 𝐴0 sin(𝑡) + 𝐵0 cos(𝑡)

𝑌𝑝′ = 𝐴0 cos(𝑡) − 𝐵0 sin(𝑡)

𝑌𝑝′′ = −𝐴0 sin(𝑡) − 𝐵0 cos(𝑡)

Substitute to Given:

𝑦 ′′ − 4𝑦 ′ + 4𝑦 = 7 sin(𝑡) − cos(𝑡)

−𝐴0 sin(𝑡) − 𝐵0 cos(𝑡) − 4(𝐴0 cos(𝑡) − 𝐵0 sin(𝑡)) + 4(𝐴0 sin(𝑡) + 𝐵0 cos(𝑡)) = 7 sin(𝑡) − cos(𝑡)

−𝐴0 sin(𝑡) − 𝐵0 cos(𝑡) − 4𝐴0 cos(𝑡) + 4𝐵0 sin(𝑡) + 4𝐴0 sin(𝑡) + 4𝐵0 cos(𝑡) = 7 sin(𝑡) − cos(𝑡)

Equate the coefficients of like powers of x:

−𝐴0 + 4𝐵0 + 4𝐴0 = 7

4𝐵0 + 3𝐴0 = 7 (4)

−𝐵0 − 4𝐴0 + 4𝐵0 = −1

−4𝐴0 + 3𝐵0 = −1 (3)

16𝐵0 + 12𝐴0 = 28

−12𝐴0 + 9𝐵0 = −3

25𝐵0 = 25
𝐵0 = 1

4(1) + 3𝐴0 = 7

3𝐴0 = 3
𝐴0 = 1

𝑌𝑝 = sin(𝑡) + cos(𝑡)

𝑌 = 𝑌𝑐 + 𝑌𝑝

𝑮𝒆𝒏𝒆𝒓𝒂𝒍 𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏: 𝒀 = 𝑪𝟏 𝒆𝟐𝒕 + 𝑪𝟐 𝒕𝒆𝟐𝒕 + 𝐬𝐢𝐧(𝒕) + 𝐜𝐨𝐬(𝒕)

PROBLEM 5. Solve the given differential equation.

𝑦 ′′′ − 3𝑦 ′′ + 3𝑦 ′ − 𝑦 = 𝑥 − 4𝑒 𝑥
SOLUTION:

𝑌𝑐 : 𝑦 ′′′ − 3𝑦 ′′ + 3𝑦 ′ − 𝑦 = 0

Auxiliary Equation: 𝑚3 − 3𝑚2 + 3𝑚 − 1 = 0

(𝑚 − 1)3 = 0

𝑚1 = 1, 𝑚2 = 1, 𝑚3 = 1 (𝐶𝑎𝑠𝑒 2)

𝑌𝑐 = 𝐶1 𝑒 𝑥 + 𝐶1 𝑥𝑒 𝑥 + 𝐶1 𝑥 2 𝑒 𝑥

𝑌𝑝 :

𝑦(𝑥) = 𝑥 − 4𝑒 𝑥 (𝐶𝑎𝑠𝑒 𝐸)
𝑌𝑝1 = 𝐴1 𝑥 + 𝐴0
′
𝑌𝑝1 = 𝐴1
′′
𝑌𝑝1 =0
′′′
𝑌𝑝1 =0

𝑌𝑝2 = 𝐵𝑒 𝑥
′
𝑌𝑝2 = 𝐵𝑒 𝑥
′′
𝑌𝑝2 = 𝐵𝑒 𝑥
′′′
𝑌𝑝2 = 𝐵𝑒 𝑥

Substitute to Given:

𝑦 ′′′ − 3𝑦 ′′ + 3𝑦 ′ − 𝑦 = 𝑥 − 4𝑒 𝑥
𝑌𝑝1 :

0 − 3(0) + 3(𝐴1 ) − (𝐴1 𝑥 + 𝐴0 ) = 𝑥

3𝐴1 − 𝐴1 𝑥 − 𝐴0 = 𝑥
Equate the coefficients of like powers of x:

−𝐴1 = 1
𝐴1 = −1
3𝐴1 − 𝐴0 = 0

3(−1) − 𝐴0 = 0
−𝐴0 = 3

𝐴0 = −3

𝑌𝑝2 :

𝑦 ′′′ − 3𝑦 ′′ + 3𝑦 ′ − 𝑦 = −4𝑒 𝑥

𝐵𝑒 𝑥 − 3(𝐵𝑒 𝑥 ) + 3(𝐵𝑒 𝑥 ) − 𝐵𝑒 𝑥 = −4𝑒 𝑥

PROBLEM 5. Solve the given differential equation.

𝑦 ′′′ + 8𝑦 = 2𝑥 − 5 + 8𝑒 −2𝑥

SOLUTION:

𝑌𝑐 : 𝑦 ′′′ + 8𝑦 = 0

Auxiliary Equation: 𝑚3 + 8 = 0

𝑚1 = −2, 𝑚2 = 1 − √3𝑖, 𝑚3 = 1 + √3𝑖 (𝐶𝑎𝑠𝑒 1, 3𝑎)

𝛼 = 1, 𝛽 = √3

𝑌𝑐 = 𝐶1 𝑒 −2𝑥 + 𝐶2 𝑒 𝑥 cos(√3𝑥) + 𝐶3 𝑒 𝑥 sin(√3𝑥)

𝑌𝑝 :

𝑦(𝑥) = 2𝑥 − 5 + 8𝑒 −2𝑥 (𝐶𝑎𝑠𝑒 𝐺)

𝑌𝑝1 = 𝐴1 𝑥 + 𝐴0

1𝑠𝑡 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚 𝑜𝑓 𝑌𝑐 = 𝑌𝑝2 , ℎ𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑚𝑜𝑑𝑖𝑓𝑦 𝑌𝑝2 𝑏𝑦 𝑚𝑢𝑙𝑡𝑖𝑝𝑙𝑦𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑥

𝑌𝑝2 = 𝐵𝑥𝑒 −2𝑥

𝑌𝑝 = 𝐴1 𝑥 + 𝐴0 + 𝐵𝑥𝑒 −2𝑥

𝑌𝑝′ = 𝐴1 + 𝐵𝑒 −2𝑥 + (−2𝐵𝑥𝑒 −2𝑥 )

𝑌𝑝′′ = −2𝐵𝑒 −2𝑥 + 4𝐵𝑥𝑒 −2𝑥 − 2𝐵𝑒 −2𝑥

𝑌𝑝′′ = −4𝐵𝑒 −2𝑥 + 4𝐵𝑥𝑒 −2𝑥

𝑌𝑝′′′ = 8𝐵𝑒 −2𝑥 + 4𝐵𝑒 −2𝑥 − 8𝐵𝑥𝑒 −2𝑥

𝑌𝑝′′′ = 12𝐵𝑒 −2𝑥 − 8𝐵𝑥𝑒 −2𝑥

Substitute to Given:

𝑦 ′′′ + 8𝑦 = 2𝑥 − 5 + 8𝑒 −2𝑥

12𝐵𝑒 −2𝑥 − 8𝐵𝑥𝑒 −2𝑥 + 8(𝐴1 𝑥 + 𝐴0 + 𝐵𝑥𝑒 −2𝑥 ) = 2𝑥 − 5 + 8𝑒 −2𝑥

12𝐵𝑒 −2𝑥 − 8𝐵𝑥𝑒 −2𝑥 + 8𝐴1 𝑥 + 8𝐴0 + 8𝐵𝑥𝑒 −2𝑥 = 2𝑥 − 5 + 8𝑒 −2𝑥

12𝐵𝑒 −2𝑥 + 8𝐴1 𝑥 + 8𝐴0 = 2𝑥 − 5 + 8𝑒 −2𝑥

Equate the coefficients of like powers of x:

12𝐵 = 8
2
𝐵=
3

8𝐴1 = 2
1
𝐴1 =
4

8𝐴0 = −5
5
𝐴0 = −
8

𝑌𝑝 = 𝐴1 𝑥 + 𝐴0 + 𝐵𝑥𝑒 −2𝑥

1 5 2
𝑌𝑝 = 𝑥 − + 𝑥𝑒 −2𝑥
4 8 3

𝑌 = 𝑌𝑐 + 𝑌𝑝

𝟏 𝟓 𝟐
𝑮𝒆𝒏𝒆𝒓𝒂𝒍 𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏: 𝒀 = 𝑪𝟏 𝒆−𝟐𝒙 + 𝑪𝟐 𝒆𝒙 𝐜𝐨𝐬(√𝟑𝒙) + 𝑪𝟑 𝒆𝒙 𝐬𝐢𝐧(√𝟑𝒙) + 𝒙 − + 𝒙𝒆−𝟐𝒙
𝟒 𝟖 𝟑