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T (2)

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lumen9643
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Class 12 Physics: Mock Test on Alternating Current

Section A: Multiple Choice Questions


1. In an AC circuit, the emf (ε) and the current (i) at any instant are given by
ε = E0 sin(ωt), i = I0 sin(ωt − ϕ). The average power transferred to the circuit in
one complete cycle of AC is:

(a) E0 I0
1
(b) EI
2 0 0
1
(c) EI
2 0 0
sin ϕ
1
(d) EI
2 0 0
cos ϕ

2. The reactance of a capacitance at 50 Hz is 5 Ω. If the frequency is increased to 100


Hz, the new reactance is:

(a) 5 Ω
(b) 10 Ω
(c) 2.5 Ω
(d) 125 Ω

3. In a pure inductive circuit, the current:

(a) lags behind the applied emf by an angle π


π
(b) lags behind the applied emf by an angle 2
π
(c) leads the applied emf by an angle 2
(d) and applied emf are in the same phase

4. The power factor of an AC circuit is 0.5. What is the phase difference between
voltage and current in this circuit?

(a) 30°
(b) 45°
(c) 60°
(d) 90°

5. An inductor of reactance 1 Ω and a resistor of 2 Ω are connected in series to a 6 V


(rms) AC source. The power dissipated in the circuit is:

(a) 8 W

1
(b) 12 W
(c) 14.4 W
(d) 18 W

Section B: Fill in the Blanks


1. The average power supplied to an inductor over one complete cycle is .

2. The inductive reactance is directly proportional to the inductance and to the


of the circuit.

3. In an AC circuit containing pure resistance, the voltage and current are in


phase.

Section C: Very Short Answer Questions


1. What is wattless current?

2. What is the average value of AC voltage V = V0 sin(ωt) over the time interval t = 0
to t = ωπ ?

3. Define ’quality factor’ of resonance in a series LCR circuit. What is its SI unit?

Section D: Short Answer Questions - I


1. Define power factor. State the conditions under which it is:

(a) Maximum
(b) Minimum

2. The current flowing through a pure inductor of inductance 2 mH is i = 15 cos(300t)


ampere. What are the:

(a) rms value of current


(b) average value of current for a complete cycle

3. A circuit containing an 80 mH inductor and a 60 µF capacitor in series is connected


to a 230 V, 50 Hz supply. The resistance of the circuit is negligible.

(a) Obtain the current amplitude and rms values.


(b) Obtain the rms values of potential drops across each element.

4. Kamla pedals a stationary bicycle, the pedals of which are attached to a 100-turn
coil of area 0.1 m2 . The coil rotates at half a revolution in one second and is placed
in a uniform magnetic field of 0.01 T perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the
coil. What would be the maximum voltage generated in the coil?

2
Section E: Short Answer Questions - II
π
1. Show that the current leads the voltage in phase by 2
in an AC circuit containing
an ideal capacitor. Also, draw:

(i) Phasor diagram


(i) Graphs of V and i versus ωt for the circuit.

2. A series LCR circuit is connected to an AC source (200 V, 50 Hz). The voltages


across the resistor, capacitor, and inductor are respectively 200 V, 250 V, and 250
V.

(a) The algebraic sum of the voltages across the three elements is greater than the
voltage of the source. How is this paradox resolved?
(b) Given the value of the resistance R is 40 Ω, calculate the current in the circuit.

Section F: Numerical Problems


1. A series LCR circuit with L = 0.12 H, C = 480 uF , R = 23 Ω is connected to a 230
V variable frequency supply. Calculate:

(a) The angular frequency of the source which drives the circuit at resonance.
(b) The current at the resonating frequency.
(c) The rms potential drop across the capacitor at resonance.

2. The primary coil of an ideal step-up transformer has 100 turns and a transformation
ratio of 100. The input voltage and power are 220 V and 1100 W respectively.
Calculate:

(a) The number of turns in the secondary coil.


(b) The current in the primary coil.
(c) The voltage across the secondary coil.
(d) The current in the secondary coil.
(e) The power in the secondary coil.

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