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2384_1020_DOC_Python & MongoDB a Beginner's Guide

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8 views

2384_1020_DOC_Python & MongoDB a Beginner's Guide

Uploaded by

Monisha. D Monisha. D
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Python & MongoDB: A Beginner's Guide - Student

Handout
Project Overview: Building a Simple Python Application
that Interacts with MongoDB
Key Concepts:
MongoDB: A NoSQL database that stores data in a flexible, JSON-like format called
BSON.
CRUD Operations: Create, Read, Update, Delete operations on data.

1. Python and MongoDB Integration


Step 1: Installing the pymongo Package
Command: pip install pymongo

Step 2: Connecting to MongoDB from Python

import pymongo

# Connect to MongoDB
client = pymongo.MongoClient("mongodb://localhost:27017/")

# Access a database
db = client["mydatabase"]

# Access a collection
collection = db["mycollection"]

2. Performing CRUD Operations via Python Scripts


Create (Insert Documents)
# Example 1: Insert a single document
document = {"name": "John", "age": 25, "city": "Mumbai"}
collection.insert_one(document)

# Example 2: Insert multiple documents


documents = [
{"name": "Amit", "age": 30, "city": "Delhi"},
{"name": "Sara", "age": 22, "city": "Bangalore"}
]
collection.insert_many(documents)

# Example 3: Insert with additional fields


document = {"name": "Emily", "age": 28, "city": "Chennai", "occupation":
"Engineer"}
collection.insert_one(document)

Read (Retrieve Documents)

# Example 1: Retrieve all documents


for doc in collection.find():
print(doc)

# Example 2: Retrieve documents with a filter


query = {"city": "Mumbai"}
for doc in collection.find(query):
print(doc)

# Example 3: Retrieve specific fields


for doc in collection.find({}, {"name": 1, "city": 1}):
print(doc)

Update (Modify Documents)

# Example 1: Update a single document


query = {"name": "John"}
new_values = {"$set": {"age": 26}}
collection.update_one(query, new_values)

# Example 2: Update multiple documents


query = {"city": "Delhi"}
new_values = {"$set": {"city": "New Delhi"}}
collection.update_many(query, new_values)

# Example 3: Increment a field value


query = {"name": "Amit"}
new_values = {"$inc": {"age": 1}}
collection.update_one(query, new_values)

Delete (Remove Documents)

# Example 1: Delete a single document


query = {"name": "John"}
collection.delete_one(query)

# Example 2: Delete multiple documents


query = {"city": "New Delhi"}
collection.delete_many(query)

# Example 3: Delete all documents


collection.delete_many({})

3. Data Manipulation in MongoDB Using Python


Indexing and Querying with Filters

# Example 1: Create an index on the "name" field


collection.create_index([("name", pymongo.ASCENDING)])

# Example 2: Query with a filter


query = {"age": {"$gt": 25}}
for doc in collection.find(query):
print(doc)

# Example 3: Query with multiple conditions


query = {"age": {"$gt": 25}, "city": "Mumbai"}
for doc in collection.find(query):
print(doc)
4. Best Practices: Exception Handling, Error Logging,
and Performance Tips
Exception Handling

try:
collection.insert_one(document)
except pymongo.errors.PyMongoError as e:
print(f"An error occurred: {e}")

Error Logging

import logging

logging.basicConfig(filename='app.log', level=logging.ERROR)

try:
collection.insert_one(document)
except pymongo.errors.PyMongoError as e:
logging.error(f"An error occurred: {e}")

Performance Tips
Use Indexes: Speed up queries on large datasets.
Limit Results: Use limit() to fetch a specific number of documents.
Batch Processing: Process data in batches to manage memory usage.

Activity: Complete the Project


1. Install pymongo and set up a connection to MongoDB.
2. Create a database and a collection.
3. Perform CRUD operations (insert, read, update, delete) on the collection.
4. Implement error handling and logging.
5. Optimize your queries using indexes and filters.
Conclusion
By completing this project, you will understand how to integrate Python with MongoDB and
perform various database operations efficiently.

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