PRODUCT INVENTORY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

A Case Study Presented to:

Dr. Cris Norman P. Olipas

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for CC105 - Application Development

And Emerging Technologies
By

Christian Joshua V. Bulusan

Rose Zen Meriel M. De Leon
Mica Angela D. Vispo
INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND OF THE SYSTEM

Product inventory management system plays a crucial role in businesses that

deal with goods and merchandise. It helps streamline the supply chain process
by ensuring sufficient inventory is available to meet customer demand. With a
product inventory management system, businesses can track their inventory
levels. This leads to better efficiency in inventory management, reducing the risk
of overstocking or stock-outs. Businesses can save money on inventory holding
costs and lost sales by optimizing inventory levels.

Without the system, a number of problems would arise. The first is stockouts,
which occur when a company runs out of a specific product, making it
unavailable to customers. The second problem is overstocking, which happens
when a company overstocks its inventory. Without an inventory management
system, it can be challenging to effectively track orders. This could waste
expensive storage space, constrain capital, and increase the possibility of rotten
or out-of-date goods. A faulty or delayed delivery might result from this, which
would be terrible for business and increase returns.

The problems of stock-outs, overstocking, inaccurate order fulfillment, and

difficult forecasting can all be resolved with this strategy. Implement a system
for controlling inventory. A system for managing inventories can automate
inventory tracking, alert a business when stock levels are low, and provide
accurate data for forecasting and planning. Monitor performance, It's essential to
keep an eye on the effectiveness of the inventory system and track metrics like
order accuracy rates, inventory turnover, and stock-out rates. And by using
barcode technology, you can speed up order fulfillment, reduce manual tracking,
and management, and improve inventory accuracy. This can be used to monitor
the success of any adjustments made as well as pinpoint areas that need
improvement.

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The development and implementation of a product inventory management
system can have significant benefits for businesses. By providing real-time
tracking of inventory levels, the system can help businesses to optimize their
inventory management, reducing the risk of overstocks or stockouts. This can
lead to cost savings on inventory holding costs and lost sales. The system can
also improve forecasting accuracy, allowing businesses to adjust their inventory
levels based on customer demand. This can help to ensure that products are
always in stock when customers need them, leading to improved customer
satisfaction and loyalty.

RELATED SYSTEMS

In the digitalization era, companies are offering more products online to their
customers, increasing the need to provide accurate product descriptions in the
form of technical specifications, images, videos, etc. Such product information is
made available through a variety of platforms, including websites, mobile devices,
tablets, physical stores, and printed catalogs. Information may be inconsistent
across these systems when separate information technology (IT) systems are
employed to offer data for various selling channels. Many businesses utilize
product information management systems (PIMSs), which are systems aimed at
centrally managing customer-oriented product information, to address this issue.
Despite the fact that businesses are employing these technologies more often,
there is little academic research on the subject. Additionally, the difficulties
businesses have while deploying PIMS have scarcely been discussed. To make a
contribution in this field, we examine the difficulties encountered during the
scoping stage of PIMS initiatives using a case study of a global corporation.
There were found to be 18 major problems, together with their root causes.

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Battistello, L., et al. (2021). Implementation of product information management
systems: Identifying the challenges of the scoping phase. Computers in
Industry, 133, 103533.

The Chinese furniture manufacturing business is now experiencing various issues,

including low production efficiency, poor precision, and a lack of product
innovation. In order to increase the product quality and production efficiency in
furniture firms, an AI management system is created in this study to address
those issues. A data management system and an expert system make up the
biological body that is the AI management system. The information transmission
and control model for AI management of the furniture manufacturing process is
created. It offers technological answers for furniture manufacturing's use of AI.

Long, G., et al. (2020). Developing an Artificial Intelligence (AI) Management

System to Improve Product Quality and Production Efficiency in Furniture
Manufacture. Procedia Computer Science, 166, 486-490.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2020.02.060

As businesses provide more items to clients online in the age of digitization, it is

more important than ever to describe things accurately using details like
technical specs, pictures, videos, and other media. Such product information is
made available through a variety of platforms, including websites, mobile devices,
tablets, physical stores, and printed catalogs. Information may be inconsistent
across these systems when separate information technology (IT) systems are
employed to offer data for various selling channels. Many businesses utilize
product information management systems (PIMSs), which are systems aimed at
centrally managing customer-oriented product information, to address this issue.
Despite the fact that businesses are employing these technologies more often,
there is little academic research on the subject. Additionally, the difficulties
businesses have while deploying PIMS have scarcely been discussed.

3
Battistello, L., et al. (2021). Implementation of product information management
systems: Identifying the challenges of the scoping phase. Computers in Industry,
133, 103533. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compind.2021.103533

In order to accomplish more thorough planning and prevent a decline stage of

the product life cycle (PLC), the aim of this study is to identify factors that affect
the sale of generic pharmaceutical goods throughout their life cycle. We
identified the behaviors of demand, supply, and competition as the three main
PLC subsystems in generic pharmaceutical items using a system dynamic model.
Before simulating a quantitative dynamic model based on actual data from Iran
between 2012 and 2019, we first looked at the PLC patterns of 527 medications
to determine their "reference mode," then we identified the causal loop of the
pharmaceuticals phase of PLC using both an extensive literature review and the
advice of industry experts. According to the findings, "total demand and precise
forecasting," "marketing efforts," and "a firm's R and D activities" are the most
important variables in the establishment of a generic medicine PLC. In the
decline stage of the PLC, an increase of 20–50% in manufacturers' marketing
and R&D efforts can boost sales by more than 50%. Generic producers may get
deeper understanding of the factors influencing diminishing sales of their goods
by looking at the product life cycle. Even if the market's overall demand for
generic drugs is declining, PLC may assist keep a product from entering the
decline stage.

Mousavi, et al. (2022). Developing a System Dynamic Model for Product Life
Cycle Management of Generic Pharmaceutical Products: Its Relation with Open
Innovation. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity,
8(1), 14. https://doi.org/10.3390/joitmc8010014

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By utilizing an infrared sensor as an automated sensing switch and an Arduino
board as a program controller, we have created and built a laser 1-D barcode
scanner. According to experimental findings, a laser 1-D barcode scanner was
able to read the information from the samples from an ideal barcode area of 1.2
x 0.4 cm2 at a focal length of 5.0 cm while scanning in 400 ms with the
appropriate resolution. These two points are affected by the work in question.
First off, our laser 1-D barcode scanner is a lightweight, portable, and DIY
gadget. Second, compared to the commercial laser scanner, we have created
one that is simpler and less expensive.

Mor Cases, et al. (2018). Portable laser 1-D barcode scanner for material
identification. Materials Today: Proceedings, 5(7), 15143-15148.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2018.04.072

In order to determine the many factors that influence the scanning accuracy of
2D barcodes for high content density applications, this article presents a case
study. In principle, there are many possibilities for 2D symbologies that can
contain a sizable quantity of data, but in fact, the scannability of barcodes gets
worse as the amount of encoded material rises. A case study was conducted to
discover the 2D symbologies with the best scanning reliability, or "scan-ability,"
as well as the many criteria that effect this scan-ability, with a focus on larger
content (or capacity) applications. The essay is logically organized into four
pieces. The purpose of the project and its particular needs are covered in the
introductory section.

Grover, et al. (2010). Parameters Effecting 2D Barcode Scanning Reliability.

Advances in Computers, 80, 209-235. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0065-
2458(10)80006-3

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Although the Universal Product Code (UPC) hasn't changed since it was
introduced in the 1970s, consumer package goods design and new technologies
are starting to. This study compared the effects of scanning consumer packaged
products augmented with an invisible barcode or a multi-sided UPC layout on the
activation of the muscles in the upper extremities. This survey included
seventeen seasoned cashiers. Four bilateral upper extremity muscles'
electromyography was captured while it was being scanned by a simulated
supermarket cart and separate CPGs. Comparisons were made between
packages upgraded with an invisible barcode or with multi-sided barcodes vs
regular barcodes in terms of scanning time and integrated electromyography.
When scanning packages with the modified barcodes instead of the standard
barcode, participants were more productive. When employing packaging
upgraded with the invisible barcode, scanning the individual consumer packaged
items resulted in decreased peak muscular activity for the shoulder muscles and
elbow flexors. The packets with the invisible barcode reduced upper extremity
cumulative muscle activity when extrapolated over a 4-hour shift; however, the
multi-sided layout only showed a reduced muscular activity for the trapezius and
left forearm. Future research must keep evaluating supermarket scanning
procedures, training, and other alternatives like hand scanners and self-checkout
counters.

Gallagher, et al. (2019). An imperceptible barcode can reduce the muscle activity
required to scan common consumer packaged goods. International Journal of
Industrial Ergonomics, 72, 80-85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ergon.2019.04.009

To make the distribution of medications easier, pharmacy has a strategic aim of

increasing technology. Barcode scanning technology (BST) is thought to be

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dependable, affordable, and may even improve safety. Staff opposition is a
hindrance to BST adoption in hospital pharmacies; however, there are few
studies that focus on BST in community pharmacies. This was addressed by
looking into how pharmacy employees at Scottish community pharmacies used,
perceived, and accepted BST.

Weir, et al. (2021). A mixed-method study of community pharmacy staff's use,

perceptions and acceptance of barcode scanning technology: Pharmacy's
experience of scanning technology. Health Policy and Technology, 10(1), 60-68.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hlpt.2020.11.005

GENERAL AND SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES

This case study aims to design and develop a product inventory management
system with barcode.

A product inventory management system's specific goal is to support businesses

in managing their inventory as profitably and efficiently as they can in order to
guarantee customer satisfaction and maximize revenues.

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SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT LIFE CYCLE

PLANNING
We decide what we want to accomplish with our inventory management system,
the products we want to manage, and the kinds of data we want to track. Then,
we decide what hardware and software we need to integrate into our system.
We determine who will be in charge of monitoring and using the inventory
management system by taking into account variables like the quantity of
products and the size of our organization. This includes admins and customers.

ANALYSIS
To make sure the system is producing accurate information, we evaluate the
accuracy of the inventory data and identify the scope and boundaries of the
inventory management system, including the items it covers as well as the
processes and procedures involved. This includes doing inventory counts. We
also assess the technology utilized in the inventory management system,
including its software and hardware, and look for possibilities to replace or
upgrade it in order to increase the system's effectiveness and efficiency.

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DESIGN
The product inventory management system's user interface (UI) is made to be
simple to use and intuitive. The design is user-centered and incorporates
features like search capabilities, filtering choices, and simple navigation. The data
model is designed to accurately and efficiently store the information needed by
the system. Easy-to-understand and manage tables, fields, and relationships are
included in the design. The product inventory management system is also
secured to prevent unauthorized access to critical data, including inventory levels
and purchase orders. This entails the use of secure login credentials.

IMPLEMENTATION
Before being used, the system is put through comprehensive testing to ensure
that everything functions as it should. After all testing is complete, the system is
used on the hardware and software environment that we used. This entails both
testing the system as a whole and its specific parts or modules. After it is
implemented, the system needs to be maintained to ensure that it continues to
function efficiently. To do this, it could be necessary to perform routine
maintenance activities, such as software updates, hardware upgrades, and
security patches.

MAINTENANCE
The hardware and software that support the inventory management system
must be regularly monitored and maintained in order to prevent problems and
ensure that the system operates properly. Managing the quality of the data in
the system is essential to ensuring that the inventory information is accurate and
up-to-date. This entails conducting regular evaluations of the data, identifying
issues with the quality of the data, and putting systems in place to fix such
problems. Finding areas that require improvement, receiving user feedback, and
changing the system to solve these issues are all necessary steps in this process.

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DIAGRAMS

Gantt Chart

Use-Case Diagram

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User Stories
1. As an admin, I want to be able to add and edit product information, so that
we can keep our inventory database accurate and up-to-date.

2. As an admin, I want to be able to manage product inventory and track

product stock levels so that I can ensure that products are always available for
purchase.

3. As a customer, I want to be able to view real-time inventory levels and

product information online, so that I can make informed purchase decisions and
avoid out-of-stock items.

4. As an admin, I want to be able to easily locate and retrieve inventory items

using a barcode scanner or RFID reader, so that we can fulfill customer orders
quickly and efficiently.

5. As a customer, I want to be able to see real-time inventory levels at my

preferred store location, so that I can plan my shopping trip and avoid
disappointment due to out-of-stock items.

6. As an admin, I want to be able to view real-time inventory levels and product

information, so that I can provide accurate and up-to-date information to
customers.

7. As anyone, I want to be able to trust that my personal information is secure

and protected while using the product, so that I can feel confident and safe
using the product.

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8. As a customer, I want to easily look for products that are available in the store,
so that I don't have to physically go to the store just to check the availability of a
certain product.

9. As a customer, I want to easily monitor the price of a specific product, so that

I can purchase it when the price drops.

10. As a customer, I want to be able to easily view and compare product

information, including prices, availability, and features, so that I can make
informed purchasing decisions.

HIPO Diagram

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Data Flow Diagram

Database Normalization

Un-normalized form

First Normal Form

Product table

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User Table

Second Normal Form

Product Table

Product Description Table

User Table

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Entity Relationship Diagram

Data Dictionary
Product Table

Product Description Table

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User Table

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