M4-ICT E

MODULE 4
GROUP 2
1. Refers to a form of government in which non-elected government
officials carry out public responsibilities as dictated by administrative
policy-making groups.
2. Form of government in which the rulling party has either come to

power, retaiened power, or both through means of corruption and
theft.
3. Refers to a form of rule in with absolute power and authority are held
by single member of a royal bloodline.
4. Refers to a form of government in which the people own the
primary means of production.
5. Refers to the absence of government, a condition in which a

nation or state operates without a central governing body.
DIRECTION: Write the one why think is the correct answer, Its okay to
make mistakes since this is only but a pretest...Now good luck :D
1-6 Write the ‘TIMELINE OF PHILIPPINE EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM’
In order
COMMONWEALTH PERIOD NEW SOCIETY
SPANISH PERIOD PRESENT PERIOD
JAPANESE PERIOD AMERICAN PERIOD

1. SPANISH PERIOD
2. AMERICAN PERIOD
3. COMMONWEALTH PERIOD
4. JAPANESE PERIOD
5. PRESENT PERIOD
6. NEW SOCIETY
1. Discuss the brief historical aspects of education
in the Philippines.
2. Analyze the importance of gaining education for
every Filipino.
3. Justify how education benefitted the society.
For the layman, education is equated with schooling and a change
for the better. It is viewed as a process which child undergoes for
certain periods in their life span to prepare them for life itself. To the
biologist, education is a way of adaptation; to the psychologist, it is
a teaching learning process; to the economist, it is an investment; to
the traditional philosopher, it is the transmission of knowledge for
the maintenance of social order.
GOAL OF EDUCATION
The ultimate goal of education is the effective participation of the
individual in the total process of social interaction in its society. This
interpersonal relation may be the improvement of basic knowledge,
intellectual and manual skills, power of reason and criticism,
acquisition of desirable values and attitudes and motivations, the
power of creativity and innovation, cultural appreciation, a sense of
responsibility and understanding of the modern world.
Education in the Philippines is managed and regulated by the Department of
Education, commonly referred to as (DepEd). It controls the creation and
implementation of the curriculum, utilization of funds allotted by the central
government.
DepEd also manages the construction of schools, acquisition of books and
other school materials and recruitment of teachers and staff.
Before the Philippines attained independence in 1946, the
country’s education system was patterned after the
educational systems of Spain and United States of America,
both colonized and governed the Philippines for a long time.
From 1945 until 2011, the basic education is composed of six

years of elementary education and four years of high school
education. Further education was provided by technical or
vocational schools and colleges and universities.
In 2011, the country started the transition from its 10-year basic
educational system to K-12 educational system. The new 12-year
system is now compulsory, along with the adoption of new
curriculum for all schools.
In 2013, the Philippine government initiated the extension of the

country’s basic education cycle from ten to twelve years – a major
reform that former Education Secretary Armin Luistro has called
“the most comprehensive basic education reform initiative ever
done in the country since the establishment of the public education
system more than a century ago”.
Today, the government of the Philippines has been very active in tapping the
educational system for the country’s development efforts. With the
adoption of K-12 program, it is the hoped that Philippine Educational
System is now responding to the demands of the economy for national
development.
The economic, political, social, and religious values of the society are being
reflected by the kind of educational system. For a long period of time,
education in the Philippines was patterned after the Spanish and American
system due to colonization and influences. These systems helped instill
Spanish and American values in our people as well as their culture and
ideologies.
EDUCATION UNDER THE SPANISH REGIME
Education in the Philippines during the Spanish era was not open to all
Filipino citizens. The Spanish government had absolutely no intention of
training the people for eventual independence and self-rule. During this
period, some schools were exclusively established for the
education of some Spanish nationals in the archipelago.
They were open only to the people who belonged to the upper social and
economic class of society.
SPANISH PERIOD 1521-
•Religious congregations built in schools.
•Christian doctorines.
•Promotion of Spanish language.
•Imposition of Spanish culture.
AMERICAN PERIOD 1898-
• American teachers infused their students the spirit of
democracy and progress as well as fair play.
COMMONWEALTH PERIOD 1936-
• Promote effective participation of the citizens in the
processes of a democratic society.
• Vocational and adult education were given emphasis.
JAPANESE PERIOD 1941-
• Diffusion of the Japanese language in the Philippines.
• Promotions of Vocational course.
• Inspire people with the spirit of love and labor.
NEW SOCIETY 1986-

• A relevant and flexible curriculum.
• Productive coordinated technocrat.
• A quality teacher with effective methods of teaching.
PRESENT PERIOD 2013-

• The K-12 program officers a decongested 12-year
program that gives students sufficient time to master
skills and absorb basic competencies.
Parochial and religious schools were founded and the main function of
education is to inculcate moral and religious values. Religion was the core
curriculum and the schools were used to spread Christianity. Going to church is
compulsory for all students.
The parish priest supervised the schools as part of his duties. Reading by alphabet
and syllable method, sacred songs and music are included in the course of study,
but arithmetic and writing were also taught for advanced students.
The Augustinians opened a school immediately upon arrival in Cebu in 1565.
Followed by the Franciscans in 1577, and they, too, immediately taught the people
important industrial and agricultural techniques. The Jesuits who arrived in 1581
also concentrated on teaching the young and the Dominicans arrived in 1587, they
did the same thing On April 28, 1611, the Universidad de Santo Tomas was
founded in Manila, initially named as the Colegio de Nuestra Senora del
Santisimo Rosario and later renamed as Colegio de Santo Tomas, which is
considered as the oldest university in Asia.
Followed by Universidad de San Carlos, Ateneo Municipal de Manila and Colegio
de San Juan de Letran to name a few.
Other schools and colleges for girls were Colegio de Sta. Isabel, Sta. Catalina,
Santa Rosa, La Concordia etc.
When the Americans came, education was focused on the development of new
social patterns that would prepare the nation for a self-governing democracy.
Americans believed that education should be for all and that the primary
purpose of education was to prepare the individual for present-day living.
Among the most important colleges during United States rule were: Philippine
Normal School in 1901(Philippine Normal University) and other normal schools
throughout the country such as Silliman University (1901), Central Philippine
University (1905), Negros Oriental High School (1902),St. Paul University Dumaguete
(1904), Cebu Normal School (1915) also a university at present, Filamer Christian
University (1904), Iloilo Normal School in 1902 (now West Visayas State University)
and Zamboanga Normal School in 1904 (now Western Mindanao State University);
National University (1901); University of Manila (1914); Philippine Women's
University (1919); and Far Eastern University (1933).
Examples of vocational schools are: the Philippine
Nautical School, Philippine School of Arts and Trades
(1901, now Technological University of the Philippines)
and the Central Luzon Agriculture School. The University
of the Philippines was also founded in 1908.
ACTIVITY
For the 1.______, education is equated with schooling and
a change for the better. It is viewed as a process which
child undergoes for certain periods in their life span to
prepare them for life itself. To the 2._________, education
is a way of adaptation; to the 3.____________, it is a
teaching learning process; to the 4._________, it is an
investment; to the traditional 5.___________, it is the
transmission of knowledge for the maintenance of social
order.
POSTTEST
____ 1. What school considered one of the largest high school in the world
founded during the American rule.
A. Cebu Normal School C. Rizal High School
B. La Concordia D. Zamboanga Normal School
______ 2. What group of missionaries arrived in 1577 that immediately taught the
natives important industrial and agricultural techniques?
A. Augustinians C. Franciscans
B. Dominicans D. Jesuits
______ 3. Who believed that education should be for all and that the primary purpose
of education was to prepare the individual for present-day living?
A. Americans C. Japanese
B. Britons D. Spaniards
_____ 4. It is the transmission of knowledge for the
maintenance of social order
was the definition of education given by what group of
people?
A. Biologist C. Psychologist
B. Economist D. Traditional Philosopher
______ 5. The main function of education in this regime is
to inculcate moral and
religious values.
A. Americans C. British
B. Spanish D. Japanese
Answer key:
1.A
2.C
3.A
4.A
5.B
Post-Test: Forms of Government
Instructions: Choose the correct answer for each question. MODULE 3
1. What is the main characteristic of anarchy?
a) Strong central government
b) Complete absence of government
c) Rule by the wealthy elite
d) Elected officials govern the country
2. Which form of government is ruled by a hereditary elite?

a) Democracy
b) Bureaucracy
c) Aristocracy
d) Communism
3. What is the defining feature of a bureaucracy?
a) Elected leaders
b) Government officials manage public responsibilities
c) Common ownership of property
d) Lack of economic regulation
4. Which system is based on private ownership of production?

a) Communism
b) Capitalism
c) Aristocracy
d) Democracy
5. What does communism advocate for?
a) Private property and free markets
b) Rule by a wealthy class
c) Public ownership of resources
d) Rule by the peo
Answer key:
1. B
2. C
3. B
4. B
5. C

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MODULE 4

2. Form of government in which the rulling party has either come to

5. Refers to the absence of government, a condition in which a

COMMONWEALTH PERIOD NEW SOCIETY

SPANISH PERIOD PRESENT PERIOD

JAPANESE PERIOD AMERICAN PERIOD

From 1945 until 2011, the basic education is composed of six

In 2013, the Philippine government initiated the extension of the

NEW SOCIETY 1986-

PRESENT PERIOD 2013-

2. Which form of government is ruled by a hereditary elite?

4. Which system is based on private ownership of production?

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