Eight Grade Summary For Midterm Exam

Eight Grade Summary For Midterm Exam
part 1:
 What does the followings stand for: ( Spelling is required )
PC : Personal Computer
ENIAC: Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer
CPU: Central Processing Unit
ALU: Arithmetic and Logical Unit
CU: Control Unit
RAM: Random Access Memory
ROM: Read Only Memory
BIOS: Basic Input/ Output System
UPS: Uninterruptible Power Supply
HDD: Hard Disk Drive
KB: kilobyte
MB: Megabyte
GB: Gigabyte
TB: Terabyte
CD: Compact Disc
DVD: Digital Versatile Disc
BD: Blu-ray Disc
 What is a computer?
A computer is an electronic device that can store, retrieve and process data
 What was the first computer Name and when was it built?
ENIAC in 1946
 What are some characteristics of the ENIAC?
Huge and heavy
 Name some machines which use small computers?
ATMs , Cars , Washing machines, Smartphones
 What are the types of computers ?

1. Personal Computers ( PCS)
2. Servers
3. Mainframes
4. Supercomputers
 Name some types of personal computers?

1. Desktop Computers
2. Laptops
3. Smartphones
4. Tablets
5. Game Consoles
 What is a Desktop computer?
A personal computer that has parts connected together.
 What are all-in-one desktop computers?
A Desktop computers that have a built-in monitor
 What are the parts of a Desktop computer?
1.Monitor 2. The tower 3. Peripheral devices 4. Storage devices

 What is the main advantage of Desktop Computers?
They can be upgraded
 How can you upgrade a computer?
By removing old parts and replace them with new ones.
 What are Laptop computers?
Personal computers that are portable
 Give some characteristics of Laptop Computers?

1. Small
2. Light
3. Use battery that can last 2 to 8 hours.
4. Not easy to be upgraded
5. You can connect peripherals and storage devices to them
 What part in a laptop can be upgraded?
Hard Disk
 Facts about Tablets
1.They don’t use keyboard , they use touch screen to input data
2. First tablet was built in 2001 with Microsoft Windows as operating

system
3. Apple ipad was created in 2010
 Name some operating systems used in tablets?

1. Microsoft Windows
2. Apple IOS
3. Google Android
 Give some uses of Smartphones?
1. Making calls
2. Send and receive-mail
3. Chat
4. Browse the internet
5. Playing games
 Give some uses of game consoles?

1. play video games
2. Browse the internet
3. Play online games
 What is a server?
It is the main computer in a network and it comes with bigger memory and
faster processor
 Give some types of servers and their function?

1. File server: used to store all the files
2. Web server: helps to browse the internet
Part 2:
 What is the difference between Hardware and Software?
Hardware : All parts that makeup the computer
Software: Collection of all programs installed on your computer.
 A computer hardware is useless without software
 What are the parts needed in acomputerto be functional ?

1. Motherboard
2. Main Memory
3. CPU
4. Hard Disk
 What are the parts connected to the motherboard?

1. CPU, RAM AND ROM ( FIXED ON THE MOTHERBOARD)
2. Peripheral devices
3. Hard disk drive
 What is the Motherboard job?
It makes all parts communicate and work together
 What is the CPU?
It is the brain of your computer, it does all the processing in your computer
 Characteristics of the CPU:

1. It is a hardware
2. It is the brain of the computer
3. It is fixed on the Motherboard
4. Speed of the CPU is calculated by Hertz
5. It consists of two parts ALU and CU
 What is BIOS?
A program executed when the computer is turned on.
 What is the job of the ALU?
It does all the calculations and logical operations
 What is the job of the CU?
It controls and decodes data
 Explain: Amount of RAM is important for a computer speed?
Having a fast CPU, but not having enough memory can slow down all
processing.
 Write down the types of main memory?

1. RAM
2. ROM
3. Cache Memory
 What is the cache memory?
It is a high speed memory inside the CPU
 Hard Disk Drive is the main storage device in your computer, which
means that all programs are stored inside it.
 What is the function of the Video Card?
It turns the data processed by the CPU into images on the monitor
 What are peripheral devices?
They are devices connected to the computer but not part of it and not
necessary for the computer to function like mouse, keyboard, monitor and
printer,….
 What are the categories of peripheral devices?

1. Input devices
2. Output devices
3. Input / Output devices
4. Storage devices
 Name some Input devices?

1. Mouse
2. Keyboard
3. Scanner
4. Webcam
5. Digital camera
6. Game controller ( game pad )
7. Microphone
8. Pointing devices ( Track ball, touch pad )
 Functions of some input devices
Scanner :
To scan objects and store them in digital form inside your computer
Touch pad:
To control the pointer in your laptop
Web cam:
To make video calls
Mouse:
Point to objects on the screen and execute commands by clicking on
them.
Microphone:
Record your voice and save it in digital form.
 Name examples of Output Devices?

1. Monitor
2. Printers
3. Speakers
 What is the difference between Monitors and Printers?
Monitors: display results of processing
Printers: print the processing results on paper
 Name two types of printers?

1. Inkjet printers
2. Laser printers
 Compare between Inkjet and Laser printers?

1. Inkjet Printer: uses liquid ink
Laser Printer: uses dry ink (toner)
2. Inkjet Printer: cheaper
Laser Printer: faster and better quality print-out
 Name an Input / Output device?
Touch Screen
 Name some devices that use touch screen as input and output
device?
1. Smartphones
2. Tablets
3. ATMS
 Storage Capacity Units:
1 BIT = 0 OR 1
1 Byte = 8 bits
1KB = 1024 bytes
1MB= 1024 KB
1GB = 1024 MB
1TB = 1024 GB
2KB = ‫ ــــــــــــــ‬bytes
2 X 1024 = 2048 bytes
2 GB = ‫ ــــــــــــــــ‬KB
2X1024 X 1024
 What are the main characteristics of a storage device?

1. Storage capacity
2. Reading / Writing speed
 Give examples of Storage devices?

1. Hard Disk Drive
2. DVD – RW Drive
3. CD-RW Drive
4. Blu-Ray Drive
5. Memory Cards / USB
 Give four characteristics of HDD?

1. Main storage device in a computer
2. Its storage is big ( up to 18 TB)
3. Very fast at transferring data
4. Two types : internal and external
 What is the difference between internal HDD and external HDD?
Internal HDD: is installed inside the computer.
External HDD: Portable and you can connect it to a computer.

 Give 4 Characteristics of CD-RW Drive?
1. Appeared in the 80s
2. Not expensive
3. Can hold 700 MB of data
4. Little possibility of data loss
 “ Floppy Disks were replaced by CDs. “ Explain
Floppy disks are magnetic storage devices which means that whenever you
put them near electromagnetic field, you could lose your data.
CDs prevent this because they are not magnetic storage device.
 Give 3 characteristics of DVD-RW Drive?

1. Evolution of CDs
2. Data can be stored on both sides
3. It’s storage capacity is 4.7 GB up to 17 GB .
 Give 3 characteristics of Blu-ray Drive?

1. Evolution of DVDs
2. More data can be stored because the surface of the BD is more
scratch-resistant.
3. It’s storage capacity is up to 50 GB .
Where can we use memory cards?
1. Digital cameras
2. Smartphones

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Eight Grade Summary For Midterm Exam

 What does the followings stand for: ( Spelling is required )

ENIAC: Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer

CPU: Central Processing Unit

ALU: Arithmetic and Logical Unit

CU: Control Unit

RAM: Random Access Memory

ROM: Read Only Memory

BIOS: Basic Input/ Output System

UPS: Uninterruptible Power Supply

HDD: Hard Disk Drive

CD: Compact Disc

DVD: Digital Versatile Disc

BD: Blu-ray Disc

Huge and heavy

 Name some machines which use small computers?

ATMs , Cars , Washing machines, Smartphones

 What are the types of computers ?

 Name some types of personal computers?

 What is a Desktop computer?

A personal computer that has parts connected together.

 What are all-in-one desktop computers?

A Desktop computers that have a built-in monitor

 What are the parts of a Desktop computer?

1.Monitor 2. The tower 3. Peripheral devices 4. Storage devices

They can be upgraded

 How can you upgrade a computer?

By removing old parts and replace them with new ones.

 What are Laptop computers?

Personal computers that are portable

 Give some characteristics of Laptop Computers?

 What part in a laptop can be upgraded?

 Facts about Tablets

2. First tablet was built in 2001 with Microsoft Windows as operating

3. Apple ipad was created in 2010

 Name some operating systems used in tablets?

 Give some uses of game consoles?

 Give some types of servers and their function?

 What is the difference between Hardware and Software?

Hardware : All parts that makeup the computer

Software: Collection of all programs installed on your computer.

 A computer hardware is useless without software

 What are the parts needed in acomputerto be functional ?

 What are the parts connected to the motherboard?

 What is the Motherboard job?

It makes all parts communicate and work together

 What is the CPU?

 Characteristics of the CPU:

A program executed when the computer is turned on.

 What is the job of the ALU?

It does all the calculations and logical operations

 What is the job of the CU?

It controls and decodes data

 Explain: Amount of RAM is important for a computer speed?

 Write down the types of main memory?

 What is the cache memory?

It is a high speed memory inside the CPU

 What is the function of the Video Card?

 What are the categories of peripheral devices?

 Name some Input devices?