1

THE MATH CLINIC – 2025

1000 REVISION
QUESTIONS IN
UACE
MATHEMATICS
For use in Holiday and weekend revision classes.
This compilation e-copy is for free distribution. No rights reserved.
You can order for a printed hard copy with final answers at the back of the book
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ATTENTION – FORTPORTAL MATHEMATICS SEMINAR!!!
In 2025, we shall have an expanded edition of the FORTPORTAL
MATHEMATICS SEMINAR. The first edition was very successful with over 13
schools from Fortportal, Kabarole and Bunyangabu. We apologise for not
invinting some schools. We wanted manageable numbers since it was a maiden
edition.

Due to the demand from schools outside Fortportal, we are expanding the 2025
edition to cover the greater RWENZORI REGION i.e; Fortportal, Kabarole,
Bunyangabu, Kyenjojo and Kasese. We shall have coordinating centres in each of
those districts. Book a slot through 0781226393(Whatsapp) to receive a link to the
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©2024 – The Math Clinic – Tr. Nelson B .W.A 0781226393/0744486862
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EQUATIONS

Solve the equations;

1.  
32x  2 3x  17  0 9. x 2  2x  3 
35
6 x  2x 2

2. m2  6  1 10. x  25x  144  0

4 2
m 6 2

x 1 3x  2
3.
3x  2
2
x 1
3 11.  
log10 x 2  9  2 log10 x  1
4. x 4  2x 3  6x 2  2x  1  0 12. log 3 x  log x 3 
10
5. y 4  2y 3  2y 2  2y  1  0 3
 x 2  24 
6. 9x 1  3x 2  162  0 13. log10    1
 x 
7. x 1  5x  1  2 x 5
8.  
3x  6 3x  5
14. 2x  3x 1  52x 1

Solve the following equations both by row reduction to achelon form and then by
elimination method;
15. p  2q  2r  0 , 2p  3q  r  1 , 3p  q  3r  3
16. p  q  r  0; p  2q  2r  2; 2p  3r  4
17. 2x  3y  4z  8 , 3x  2y  3z  2 and 5x  4y  2z  3
18. x 10y  7z  13; x  4y  3z  3;  x  2y  z  3

Solve for x in: log x x  3 

1
19.  2 log y 2 .
log x y
Solve the simultaneous equations.
20. log5 2x  y   0 , y x 17
24.   ,
2 log5 x  log5 y  1 . x y 4

21. 2x  y  1 , x 2  4xy  y 2  1

x 2  xy  3x  y  4 . 25. 4x 2  25y 2  100; xy  4

22. 3 log8 xy  4 log 2 x and 26. x 2  y 2  24 ,
log 2 y  1 log 2 x . 1 3 11
 
x  y x  y 12
23. x 2  xy  7y 2  27 ,
27. xy  2; 2 logx 1  log y
x 2  y 2  15
x  y z  y 2z  x
28.   ; x  3y  2z  4
4 3 1

PARTIAL FRACTIONS
©2024 – The Math Clinic – Tr. Nelson B .W.A 0781226393/0744486862
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p q 1
Given that   . Find the values of the
2 x  3 3x  2 2 x  33x  2
29.

constants p and q.
Resolve into partial fractions;
2x 3  1
30.
x 2 2x  1
6  7 x  6x 2
31.

x  1 1  x 2 
32.

20 x  6
2


1  x  1  x 2 
x
33.
1  2x 2 1  3x 
1 x
34.

1  x  1  x 2 
x 4  3x  1
35.

x  2 x 2  2x  1 
LOGARITHMS,SURDS AND INDICES
36.  
2
Show that a  b  a 2 b  2a b . Hence evaluate the square root of
9  4 5 in the form c  d .
37. Find the square root of 4  3 2 .
Show that;
38. log q pr   log q p  log q r
p
39. log q    log q p  log q r
r
log r p
40. log q p 
log r q
41. If p 2  qr , show that logq p  log r p  2 logq p log r p .
42. If loga b  log b c  logc c show that a  b  c .

. Show that y 2  2  xx  3 .

1 1
43. If x  3 p  , y p
3 p p
44. If a  log b c , b  log c a , c  log a b , prove that abc  1 .
log 27  log 8  log 125 3
45. Without using tables, show that  .
log 6  log 5 2

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x  y log b c  log b a
46. If log a n  x and logc n  y , where n  1 , prove that 
x  y log b c  log b a
.
Verify this result, without using any tables, when a  4 , b  2 , c  8 ,
n  4096 .
 2b b2 
47. Show that loga a  b2  2  log a 1   .
 a a 2 
48. If 2 log8 N  p , log 2 2N  q , q  p  4 , find N.
a b
49. If a 2  b2  23ab show that log a  log b  2 log .
 5 
xa 1 x a
50. Show that x a . Hence deduce that  .
x a x a x a
3
x  xy
2
x
51. Evaluate  .
xy  y 3
x y
52. If x  loga bc , y  log b ca  and z  logc ab, prove that x  y  z  xyz  2 .
log a log b log c
 b c a
53.                   0 , show that   .  .   1.
c a  b

QUADRATICS AND POLYNOMIALS

54. Given that the roots of the equation ax 2  bx  c  0 are in the ratio p : q
. Show that acp  q 2  b 2 pq .
55. If x  12 is a factor of 2x 4  7x 3  6x 2  Ax  B , find the values of A and
B.
56. Given that 2x 2  7x  4 , x 2  3x  4 and 7x 2  ax  8 have a
common factor, find the;
a) Factors of 2x 2  7x  4 and x 2  3x  4 .
b) Value of a in 7x 2  ax  8 .
57. Solve the equation 5x 3 111x 2  74x 16  0 given that the roots are in
G.P.
58. Solve the equation 64x 3  240x 2  284x 105  0 given that the roots are
in A.P.

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59. If the roots of the equation x 3  5x 2  qx  8  0 are in G.P, show that

q  10 .
60. When a polynomial px  is divided by x 2  5x  14 , the remainder is
2x  5 . Find the remainder when px  is divided by;
(a) x  7
(b) x  2
61. The roots of the equation 2x 2  3x  5  0 are  and  . Find the
 
equation whose root are and .
 2  2
62. Use remainder theorem to express x 3  2x 2  x  18 as a product of two
factors.
63. Find the value of p for which the polynomial x 4  x 3  px 2  5x  10 has
x  2 as a factor.
64. If the equations x 2  ax  b  0 and cx 2  2ax  3b  0 have a common
5a 2 c  2
root, prove that b  .
c  32
65. The polynomial Px  is divided by x  7 the remainder is 19 and when
divided by x  2 the remainder is 1. Find the remainder when the
polynomial is divided by x  7x  2 .
66. The polynomial 8x 3  ax 2  bx  1, where a and b are constants is
denoted by Px  . It is given that x  1 is a factor of Px  and that when
the polynomial is divided by 2x  1 , the remainder is 1.
a) Find the values a and b .
b) When a and b have these values, factorise Px  completely.
67. Find the condition for the equations x 2  2x  a  0 and x 2  bx  3  0 to
have a common root.
68. Find the values of k and l for which x 4  2x 3  5x 2  kx  l has factor
x  12 .
69. If  and  are roots of the equation 4x 2  5x  1  0 , find the equation

  
whose roots are  2   and  2   .

  
70. The roots of the equation 3x 2  kx  12  0 are equal, find the value of k.

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71. If the roots of the equation x 2  bx  c  0 are  ,  and the roots of the
roots of the equation  ,  show that the equation whose roots are
   and    is;

 
x 2  b2 x  22c b2  2c  0

72. If the equations x 2  bx  c  0 , x 2  px  q  0 , have a common root,

then; c  q 2  b  pcp  bq 2 .
73. In the equation ax 2  bx  c  0 , one root is the square of the other.
Without solving the equation, prove that ca  b3  ac  b3 .
The roots of the quadratic equation ax  bx  c  0 are  and  .
2
74.

Given that  :    :  , Show that b  ac     0

2 2

75. If 4x 3  kx 2  px  2 is divisible by x 2  2 , prove that kp  8 .

PROGRESSIONS

3
76. Given x  2x 3  4x 5  8x 7  ...  .
7
a) Find the value of x.
b) Find the 20th term.
77. The sum of the first m terms of a progression is m2m  11 .
a) Show that the progression is an A.P
b) Determine the nth term of the progression. (9+4n)
78. The ninth term of an AP is -1 and the sum of the first nine terms is 45.
Find the common difference and the sum of the first twenty terms.
79. The common ratio of a G.P is -5 and the sum of the first seven terms of
the progression is 449. Find the first three terms.
n
 x
80. The coefficients of the first three terms of the expansion of 1   are
 2
in arithmetic progression (AP). Find the value of n.
81. The second, third and ninth terms of an A.P form a G.P. Find the
common ratio of the G.P.
82. The first, fourth and eighth of an A.P form a G.P. If the first term is 9,
find;
a) The common difference of the A.P.
b) The common ratio of the G.P

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c) The difference in the sums of the first 6 terms of the progressions.

83. In a geometric progression, the first term is 7 and the nth term is 448.
The sum of the first n terms is 889, find the common ratio.
84. The first three terms of a geometric series are 1,p and q. Given also that
10, q and p are the first three terms of an arithmetic series. Show that
2p 2  p  10  0 . Hence find the possible values of p and q. (ANs: p  2
5 25
and q  4 and p  and q  .
2 4
85. The arithmetic mean of a and b three times their geometric mean. Show
a
that  7  12 2 .
b
86. The sum of the first 10 terms of an AP is 120. The sum of the next 8
terms is 240. Find the sum of the next 6 terms. (Ans: 264)
48
87. The sum to infinity of a GP is 7 and the sum of the first two terms is
7
. Find the common ratio and the first term of the GP given that it has a
positive common ratio. (Ans: 1/7 , 6)
88. The first, second and last term of an A.P are a, b and c respectively.
Prove that the sum of all terms is
a  bb  c  2a  .
2b  a 
89. Find the amount at the end of 8 years when Shs 100,000 is invested at
5% compound interest if;
a) the interest is added annually
b) the interest is added bi-annually
90. Four million shillings is invested is invested each year at a rate of 10%
compound interest by a certain bank.
a) find how much he will receive at the end of 10 years.
b) how many years will it take to accumulate to more than 40m.
91. A geometric progression has the first term 10 and sum to infinity of
12.5. How many terms of the progression are needed to make a sum
which exceeds 10?
92. Kiiza opened an account in the bank and deposited Shs 2,000,000 every
year for ten years without withdrawing. Find how much money he
accumulated after 10 years if the bank offered a compound interest of
20% per annum.

PROOF BY INDUCTION

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Prove by mathematical induction that;

n
3n  1
93.  3r 1 
r 1 2

a pn 1
r 1 ap r 1 
n
94.
p 1

12  2 2  32  ...  n 2  nn  12n  1

1
95.
6
13  23  33  ...  n 3  n 2 3n  15n  1
1
96.
4
1 3  2  4  3  5  ...  nn  2  nn  12n  7 
1
97.
6
1 1 1 n
98.   ...   .
3 5 5 7 2n  12n  3 32n  3
1 qn 
99. p  pq  pq 2  ...  pq n 1  p 
 1 q 
1 1
1 rr  1  1  n  1 for all positive integers n.
n
100.

n 20
r r  1  nn  1n  2 hence evaluate  r r  1 .
1
101. 
r 1 3 r 1

102. 6  1 is divisible by 5 for all integral values of n.

n

103. 32 n  1 is a multiple of 8 for all positive integers n.

104. 102n 1  1 is divisible by 11 for n  1
1 1 1 1
105.   .......   1
2 6 n(n  1) n
106. 4 2 n  1 is divisible by 5 for n  1

 rr  1  3 nn  1n  2 hence

n 1
107. Prove by mathematical induction that r 1

 rr  1 .
20
evaluate r 1

COMBINATIONS AND PERMUTATIONS

108. Compute the sum of four-digit numbers formed with the our digits
2,5,3,8 if each digit is used only once in each arrangement.

109. Find the possible number of ways of arranging the letters of the word
DIFERENTIATION in a line.

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110. In how many ways can the letters in the word BUNDESLIGA be
arranged if;

a) There is no restriction.
b) The vowels are together.

111. A committee of 5 people is to be chosen from 4 men and 6 women.

Wilson is one of the four men and Martha is one of the 6 women. Find
he number of different committees that can be chosen if Wilson and
Martha refuse to be on the committee together.

112. A committee of four pupils is to be selected from three boys and seven
girls. How many committees are formed in order to have girls as the
majority in the committee?

113. How many ways can the word SUCCEEDED be arranged when the
vowels are not together.

114. A committee of six members is to be chosen from among five men and
three women such that at least two members of each group serve on the
committee. Find the number of possible committees that can be formed.

BINOMIAL EXPANSION

115. Expand 3  4x 5 in ascending order of x up to and including the term in

x 3 . Hence evaluate 4.96 correct to 2 d.p.
5

116. The binomial expansion of 1  kx n is 1  6x  30x 2  ...

Find the value of k and n
117. Given that then ratio of the 3rd to the 4th term of the expansion 2  3x n
2
is 5:14, find the value of n when x  . (n=16)
5
1 x 
118. Expand   in ascending powers of x up to a term in x .
2

1 x 
1
119. Expand 1 8x up to the term in x 3 . Using x  , Show that
100
3  1.73205 .

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 1  2x  1
120. Expand   up to the term in x . Hence by letting x  .
3

 1  2x  16
Estimate 7 correct to three decimal places.
121. Use the Binomial theorem to expand 4 1  2x  up to the term in x3 .
Hence evaluate 4 83 correct to three decimal places.
 1  2x 
122. Expand   up to and including the term in x . Hence find the
3

 1  2x 
1.02
value of to four significant figures. Deduce the value of 51 to
0.98
three significant figures.
123. a) Using the binomial expansion of 1  x up to the term in x 3 . Hence
find the value of 1.08 to four decimal places.
a
b) Express 1.08 in the form c . Hence evaluate 3 correct to 3
b
significant figures.
Expand 1  x 3 in ascending powers of x up to the term in x 3 . Use the
1
124.
expansion to evaluate 3
998 .
1

1 1 x 2
125. a) Show that  1   .
4x 2 4
1

1 x 2
b) Write the first three terms in the binomial expansion of 1   in
2 4
ascending powers of x stating the range for which the expression is
valid.
21  x ) 
c) Find the first three terms in the expansion of in ascending
4x
powers of x for small values of x.
12
 1
126. Determine the term independent of x in the expansion 2x  2 
 x 
127. Five million shillings are invested each year at a rate of 15% per annum.
In how many years will it accumulate to more than 50 millions?
128. A man deposits Shs 800,000 into his savings account on which interest
is 15% per annum. If he makes no withdraws, after how many years
will his balance exceed Shs 8 millions. (Ans: 16.5 years)

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129. A man deposits Shs. 200,000 at the beginning of every year in a savings
group for seven years. If the Savings group offers a compound interest
of 5% per annum, how much will he receive if he withdraws his savings
at the end of the seventh year?

DIFFERENTIATION

Differentiate the following from first principles.

130. y  3x 2  5 137. y  log 2 tan x

131. y  3e2 x 138. y  ln tan 4x
132. y  e3x
2
139. y  ln 2x  5

y  tan 2x 140. ln sec 2x  tan 2x 

133.
y  sec 2x 141. y  ln cos kx
134.

135. 
y  ln 4x 2  3  142. y  ln tan x 2
143. y  5 sin x
136. y4 x

d2y 1
144. If y  2 sin  and x  cos 2 . Show that  3
dx 2
y
x3
145. Differentiate with respect to x.
1  2x  2

d2y e x  e 3x
Given that e  tan 2y , show that
x
 .
 
146.
dx 2 2 1  e 2 x 2
1 dy
147. Given that y  find from first principles.
x 2
dx
dy
148. Given that y  ln x x  13  , find .
  dx
x  13 , show that dy 2x  5 x  1
149. Given that y  
x2 dx 2 x  2
3

1 x  dy 1
150. Given that y  tan 1   , show that  .
1 x  dx 1  x 2
 3

 x  x  2 4  dy x 2  1
151. Given that y  ln e    , show that  2 .
  x  2   dx x  4
 

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 12

d2y
If x 2  y 2  2y , show that 1  y  1
3
152.
dx 2

153. If y  sec  . Show that

d2y
d 2

 y 2y 2  1 
d2y
154. If y  sin m show that  m2y  0
d 2
dy
155. If y  sec   tan n where n is a positive integer. Show that  ny sec  .
d
If y  1   2 sin 1  show that 1   2 
dy
156.  1   2  y.
d
d2y
157. If y  tan x , show that  2y  2y 3 .
dx 2

d2y
158. If y  cot  show that
2
 21  y 1  3y 
d 2
159.
1
If y  tan x  tan 3 x , prove that
3
dy
dx
2
 1  tan 2 x .  
2
d2y  dy 
160. If y  4  3sin x  prove that 2y  2   y 2  4 .
dx  dx 
2

cos x 2 d y dy
 
2
161. If y  2 , prove that x  4x  x2  2 y  0 .
x dx 2
dx

162. 
If z  v  1 v 2

p

show that 1  v
d2y
dv 2
2
v 
dz
dv
 p 2z  0 .

d2y dy
163. Given that y  e 2x cos 4x , prove that 4  20y  0 .
dx 2
dx
log e x dy
164. If y  . Show that is zero when x  e .
x dx
 px d2y
165. If y  ae  bepx
show that  p2y .
dx 2

d2y dy
166. If y  e show that
2x
 3  2y  0 .
dx 2
dx
d2y dy
167. Find m if y  e mx is such that  3  4y  0 .
dx 2
dx
d2y dy
168. If y  sinlog e x  , show that x 2 x  y  0.
dx 2
dx
d2y dy
169. Show that if y  xe x , 2 y0
dx 2
dx

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 13

d2y dy
170. Show that if y  e 2x sin 5x , 4  29y  0
dx 2
dx
4 x d2y dy
171. If y  2e e 3x
show that 2  8y  ke 3x where k is a constant,
dx 2
dx
state the value of k.
d 3 y d 2 y dy
172. If y  log e 1  cos x  , show that    0.
dx 3 dx 2 dx

173.  1

If y  exp tan x , show that 1  x
d2y
dx 2

 1  2x 
2

dy
dx
0.
2
2 x d2y  dy 
174. If y  e cos 4x . Show that  2  cot 2y .
dx  dx 
2

If y  tan 1 e x  show that

d2y dy
175. 4  20y  0
dx 2
dx
dy  
176. Given that y  e x sin x , show that and  2e x sin x   and
dx  4
d2y  
 2e x sin x   .
dx 2
 2
177. The period, t of a swing of a simple pendulum of length, l is given by
4 2 l
the equation T 2  where g is the acceleration due to gravity. An
g
error of 2% is made in measuring the length, l. Determine the resulting
percentage error in the period, T.
178. A rectangular field of area 7200m2 is to be fenced using a wire mesh.
On one side of the field is a straight river. This side of the field is not to
be fenced. Find the dimensions of the field that will minimize the
amount of wire mesh to be used.
179. A right circular cylinder is inscribed inside a sphere of given radius a.
 3 
Show that then volume of the cylinder is h a 2  h 2  , where h is the
 4 
height of the cylinder.
180. A right circular cone is inscribed in a sphere of given radius a. Show
32a 3
that the maximum volume of the cone is .
81
181. An open cylinder (closed at one end) is made from a 12 m 2 thin sheet of
8
metal. Show that the maximum volume of the container is m3.


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 14

182. A right circular cone of vertical angle 2 is inscribed in a sphere of

8a 2
radius a. Show that the area of the curved surface of the cone is .
3 3
183. A wire of given length is cut into two portions which are bent into the
shape of a circle and a square respectively. Show that the sum of the
areas of circle and the square will be least when the side of the square is
equal to the diameter of the circle.
184. A hemi spherical bowl of radius r cm is being filled with water at a
steady rate. When the depth of the water is h cm, the volume of the
h 2 r  h 
water is cm 3 . Find the rate at which the water level is rising
3
when it is half way to the top, given that r  6cm and the bowl fills in 1
minute.
185. Show that for a right circular cylinder of s given total surface area and
maximum volume is such that its height is equal to the diameter of its
base.
186. A container is in the form of an inverted right circular cone. Its height is
100cm and base radius is 40cm. the container is full of water and has a
small hole at its vertex. Water is flowing through a hole at a arate of 10
cm3s-1. Find the rate at which the water level in the container is falling
when the height of water in the container is halved.
187. The area of a circle increases at a rate of 40 cm 2 s 1 at an instant when
its circumference is 10  cm. Find the rate at which the circumference
increases at this instant.
188. A rectangular sheet is 50cm long and 40cm wide. A square of x cm by x
cm is cut off from each corner. The remaining sheet is folded to form an
open box. Find the maximum volume of the box.
189. A rectangle is known to be twice as long as it is wide. If the width is
measured as 20cm  0.2cm. Find the area in the form of A  b .

Use Maclaurin’s theorem to expand f x  

1
190. up tot the term in
1  x 
x3 .
191. Find the first three non-zero terms of the expansion log 5 1  e x  by
Maclaurin’s theorem.
 1 x 
192. Use Maclaurin’s theorem to expand ln  2  up tot eh term in x .
2

 1  x 

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 15

d2y  dy 
193. Given that y  e x sin x , show that  2  y  . Hence find the
dx 2
 dx 
first four non-vanishing terms of the Maclaurin’s expansion of y.
194. Using Maclaurin’s expansion, obtain the first four non zero terms of the
expansion of ln 1  cos x 
195. Use Maclaurin’s theorem to expand ln 1  ax  in ascending powers up
 1 x 
to the term in x 3 . Hence expand ln   and give the values of x
 1  2x 
for which the expansion is valid.
196. Use Maclaurin’s theorem to expand e 4 x cos 3x as far as up to the term
in x 3 .
197. Use Maclaurin’s theorem to obtain the expansion for log 3 1  e x giving
the first four non-vanishing terms.
198. Given that f x   e 2x sin 2x . Show that f "x   4f ' x   2f (x) . Hence or
otherwise find the first four non-vanishing terms of the Maclaurin’s
expansion of f x  .
199. Use Maclaurin’s theorem to obtain the expansion for e 4 x cos 3x up to
the term in x 3 .
200.  
Using Maclaurin’s, obtain the expansion for tan 1 3x stating the first

 tan 3 dx
2
1 x
two non-zero terms. Hence evaluate leaving your answer
0

in exact form.
201. Using Maclaurin’s theorem show that the series expansion up to the

term in x 3 for e  x sin x is

1
3
 
x x 2  2x  3 . Hence evaluate

exp   3 sin 3 to four decimal places.

1
202. Find the first four terms of the expansion using Maclauren’s
1 x
theorem.
203. Use Maclaurin’s theorem to expand tan x in ascending powers of x up
to up to and including the term in x 3 .
204. Use Maclaurin’s theorem to express ln sin x  cos x  as a power series
up to the term in x 2 .

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 16

205. a) Given that f x   ln 1  ax  . Expand f x  up to and including the

term in x 3 .
 
b) Hence expand f x   ln 1  3x  / 1  2x  up to x 3 . For what range
2

of values of x is the expansion va

INTEGRATION

Integrate;

 sin 3x
tan 2x 1
4
206. sec 3x dx 211.  1  4x 2
dx

7x 2 cos 3 x
207.  sin 2 2x 3  5 dx
  212.  sin x
dx using u  sin x

208. x
1
dx 213.  x ln2x dx
4
x 12

cos x
214.  4  sin x
dx
 tan x sec xdx
2
209.

e
x
cos x 215. sin 2xdx
210.  4  sin 2 x dx
Evaluate;

2x  1
1
3
216.  1  cos 3x  dx
2 222.  x  3 dx
0
2
0
 5
223. x x  1dx
2
4
217. 0 3  cos  dx 3

dx
2
x2 x using the
8
224.
218. 
4
x
dx 1
2
x 1
12 substitution x  sec2  .
5
dx
 using the
2
219. 1
4
3

x 1 x2 3
2 225. x
1
2
 6x  5
dx

substitution u   1  x 2 

5
2x  1
226. 0
2
x cos x 2dx
220.  2x 2
 3x  1
dx 
2 2
x
227.  tan dx
2

2
sin x 0
2
221.  3  5 cos xdx
0

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 17

dx
2 1
228. x ,using; 2
5x 3
 12x  4 dx
1
2
5x  1
2 230.  1 1  x2
a) using the 
2

1
substitution x 2 
u
b) the sine 
3
substitution 1

231.  1  8 cos
0
2
x
dx using the
2
x substitution t  tan x
229.  1  sinx dx 2
dx
0 4
232.  x 25  x 
0
2 2


2
233.  x sin 2xdx
2

0

2
dx x
234.  1  sin x  cos x
0
using the substitution t  tan .
2

Show that;

2x 3  1 2  3 3 
 1  x 
12
3 1  16 
2

1 x 2 2x  1) dx  2  2 ln 27 

2 12
235. 237. dx 
0
24
x
 
1
2
12
x dx 4  7 3  238.  dx  2 2
x  1
4 1
3
236. 
0 1 x2

64
0 2

2  x  x2
239. Express in partial fractions hence evaluate
x  11  x 2
1
2
2  x  x2
0 x  11  x 2 dx to three decimal places.
5x 2  8x  1
240. Express f x   into partial fractions hence show that
2xx  1
2

 32 
9

 f x dx  ln 3   24 .
5
4

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 18

dx
6
241. Use partial fractions to evaluate x
4
2
 2x  3
.

x  2x
4
242. Express y 
 
x  1 x 2  1
into partial fractions hence evaluate  ydx .
x 2  5x  11
243. Express in partial fractions hence evaluate

x  1 x 2  4 
4 x 2  5x  11
1 
x  1 x 2  4dx .

x 3  4x 2  5x  4
244. Express f x   into partial fractions, hence evaluate
 
x  22 1  x 2
5

 f x dx .
3

x2 x2
245. Express
x 4 1
into partial fractions, hence find  x 4  1 dx .
tan 1 x 2
1
246. Using the substitution u  tan 1 x , show that 0 1  x 2 dx 
32
.

247. Find the volume of the solid of revolution generated when the area
1
under y  from x  3 to x  4 is rotated through four right angles
x2
about the x-axis.
248. The area enclosed by the curve x 2  y 2  a 2 , the y-axis and the line
1
y   a is rotated through 90o about the y axis. Find the volume of the
2
solid generated.
249. Find the volume of the solid generated by rotated about the y-axis, the
area enclosed by the curve y 2  4x  9 , the y-axis and y  2.
250. The curve y  x 3  8 cuts the x and y axes at the points A and B
respectively. The line AB meets the curve again at point C. Find the
coordinates of A, B and C and hence find the area enclosed between the
curve and the line.
251. A hemispherical bowl of internal radius 15 cm contains water to a
depth of 7 cm. Find the volume of the water in the bowl correct to 1
decimal place.

Show by integration that the volume of;

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 19

4 3
252. a sphere of radius r is r .
3
253. a right circular cylinder of height h and radius r is r 2 h .
1 2
254. a right circular cone of base radius r and height h is r h .sss
3

DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS

Solve the differential equation:

dy
255. xy  x2  y2 .
dx
dy
256. x  y  xe 2 x
dx
dy
257.  4x  7 , given that y2  3 .
dx
dy  
258. cos ecx  e x cos ecx  3x , given y   3 .
dx 3
dy
259.  y tan x  1 , given that y  2 when x  0 .
dx
dr
260.  2r tan  sec2 
d
dy 1
261.  y tan x  cos x , given y  0 at x  .
dx 2
dy
262. x  2y  x  2e x
dx
dy
263.  2y  1 cot x  sin 2x,
dx
dx 1 3
264.   given that x  1 when t  2 .
dt x  2 3x  5
dy
265. x  2y  x 2 if y1  1 .
dx
dy
266. x2  x 2  xy  y 2
dx
dy
267. x  y  kx 2 cos x given that y  2 when x   .
dx
268. By eliminating the constants A and B, form a differential equation for
which Ae 3t  Be2t is a solution.
269. A disease is spreading at a rate proportional to the product of the
number of people already infected and those who haven’t yet been

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 20

infected. Assuming that the total number of people exposed to the

disease is N;
a) Write down a differential equation
b) Initially 20% of the population is infected. Two months later 40%
of the population is infected. Determine how long it takes for
only 25% of the population to remain uninfected.
270. Find the equations of the two curves which pass through the point (1,1)
dy
and which satisfy the differential equation tany  1  tanx  1 .
dx
271. The tangent at any point Px, y  on the curve, cuts the x-axis at A and
the y-axis at B. Given that 2AP  PB and that the curve passes through
the point (1,1) , find the equation of the curve.
272. In established forest fires, the proportion of the total area of the forest
which has been destroyed is denoted by x and the rate of change of x
with respect to time t hours is called the destruction rate. Investigations
show that the destruction rate is directly proportional to the product o x
and 1  x  . A particular fire is initially noticed when half of the forest is
destroyed and it’s found out that the destruction rate at this time is such
that if it remained constant thereafter, the forest would be destroyed
completely in a further 24 hours.
dy
Show that 12  x1  x  . and deduce that approximately 73% of the
dx
forest I destroyed 12 hours after it was noticed.
273. According to Newton’s law of cooling, the rate at which a hot object
cools is proportional to the difference between the temperature of the
surrounding air (assume to be constant). If an object cools from 100oC
to 80oC in 10 minutes in the surrounding air temperature of 20 oC, find
the rate at which the object’s temperature is falling when the time
10 ln 2
elapsed is minutes.
ln 4 3
274. The rate at which a liquid runs out of a container is proportional to the
square root of the depth of the outlet below the surface of the liquid. A
cylindrical petrol storage tank is sunk in the ground with its axis
vertical. There is a leak in the tank at an unknown depth. The level of
the petrol in the tank, originally full is found to drop by 20 cm in 1
hour, and by 19 cm in the next hour. Find the depth at which the leak is
located.

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 21

275. The rate at which a candidate was losing support during an election
campaign was directly proportional to the number of supporters he had
at that time. Initially he had Vo supporters and t weeks later, he had V
supporters.
a) Form a differential equation connecting V and t.
b) Given that the supporters reduced to two thirds of the initial number
in 6 weeks, solve the equation in (a) above.
c) Find how long it will take for the candidate to remain with 20% of
the initial supporters.
276. A research to investigate the effect of school fees on the students
enrollment in schools revealed that the number of students enrolled
increased with a reduction in school fees and was proportional to the
number of student enrolled. A school charging 80 dollars per term had
300 students while the one charging 60 dollars had 450 students.
Estimate the number of students in school X whose school fees was 40
dollars per term, given that all schools are assumed to provide the same
quality of education.
277. A liquid is being heated in an oven maintained at a constant
temperature of 180oC. It is assumed that the rate of increase in the
temperature of the liquid is proportional to 180    where  oC is the
temperature of the liquid at time, t, minutes. If the temperature of the
180
liquid rises from 0o C to 120o C in 5 minutes. Show that  3t 5 .
180  
Hence find the temperature of the liquid after a further 5 minutes.
278. An election survey revealed that during parliamentary campaigns in a
certain constituency with total electorate, Vo , Wesley, a parliamentary
candidate was gaining support at a rate proportional to the number of
voters, V, already supporting him at time, t days and those not yet
supporting him.
a) Write down a differential equation for the given findings.
b) The total electorate was 2,000,000 and a candidate could win with at
least 51% of the votes. Given that initially, Wesley had 100,000
supporters and was gaining 5,000 voters per day, determine the least
number of days he would require to campaign in order to be sure of
winning.
279. An infectious disease spreads through a farmers’ heard at a rate which
is proportional to the product of the number of cows that are infected

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 22

and that one of those which are not yet infected. A farmer has a heard
of 900 cows. Given that initially 15 cows are infected and after 3 days,
90 cows are infected,
a) Write down a differential in terms of the number N of infected
cows at any time t in days.
b) Solve the differential equation in (a) above and give your solution
in terms of t.
c) How long (in days) does it take for 90% of the heard to be
infected.
280. A perfect elastic spherical balloon I being deflated at a rate proportional
to its surface area. Given that within 4 hours, its volume reduces half
way. How long will it take for it to be fully deflated?
281. A moth ball evaporates at a rate proportional to it volume, loosing half
of its volume every after four weeks. If the volume of the moth ball is
initially 15 cm3 and becomes ineffective when its volume reaches 1 cm3,
how long is the moth ball effective?
282. A liquid cools in the environment of a constant temperature of 210C at
the rate proportional to the excess temperature. Initially the temperature
of the liquid is 1000C and after 10 minutes the temperature dropped by
160C. Find how long it takes for the temperature of liquid to cool to
200C.
283. A certain chemical reaction is such that the rate of transformation of the
reacting substance is proportional to its concentration. If initially the
concentration of the reagent was 9.5 grams per litre and if after 5
minutes the concentration was 3.5 grams per litre, find what the
concentration was after 2 minutes.
284. A police patrol on Jinja road found a dead body lying in the middle of
the road at Banda at 7:00 am and its body temperature was 30 oC. Ten
minutes 28.5oC, the air temperature was 20oC. The body temperature
loses heat at a rate proportional to the difference between the body
temperature T and the surrounding temperature To. If the normal body
temperature is 37oC, estimate the time when the man was killed.
285. The rate at which the temperature of a body placed in an oven increases
at any instant is proportional to the amount by which the temperature
of the oven exceeds the temperature of the body at that instant. The
temperature of the oven is 120oC. Given that the temperature of the

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 23

body rises from 50oC to 80oC in 6 minutes, how long does the
temperature of the body take to rise from 90oC to 99oC?
286. A sample of a radioactive substance loses mass at a rate, which is
proportional to the amount present. If M is the mass after time t, where
t is in years;
a) Form a deferential equation connecting M, t and a constant k.
b) If initially the mass of the substance is Mo deduce M  M o e  kt
c) Given that its initial mass halved in 1600 years, determine the
number of years it takes 15g of the substance to reduce to 13.6g?

VECTORS
x 1 y  2 z  3
287. Find the angle between the lines   and
2 2 1
r  2  2 i  1  3 j  6  1k .
288. Given that A(1,3,2), B(2,-1,1), C(-1,2,3) and D(-2,6,4) are vertices of a
parallelogram, find the area of the parallelogram ABCD.
289. The directional vectors a  3i  2 j  2k , b  2i  2 j  pk and c  9i  9 j
are such that a is perpendicular to b . Find the;
a) value of the scalar p .
b) angle between b and c .
290. The points A(a,-3,6) , B(2,b,2) and C(3,3,0) lie on a straight line. Find
the values of a and b.
291. The points P, Q and R have position vectors p  5i  4 j  k ,
q  i  j  2k and r  i  2 j  k respectively. Show whether or not P, Q
and R are vertices of a triangle.
x  3 y 1 z
292. Find the acute angle between the lines   and
5 4 2
1 1
   
r  1    3 
1  2
   
x  25 y z  13
293. Find the point of intersection of the lines   and
9 7 2
x  26 y  7 z  13
  .
6 7 8

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1  h 
   
294. The line r   2     1  is parallel to the plane x  2y  2z  2 and the
g   2
   
perpendicular distance of the line from the plane is 3 units. Find the
value of h and the possible values of g.
295. Find the shortest distance from the point (2,-1,3) to the line
x  2 y 1 z  4
  .
1 3 2
296. Find the point of intersection of the planes x  y  z  4 ,
2x  3y  2z  15 and 5x  2y  z  1 .
297. Find the equation of the plane that passes through (1,-2,2) and
x 9 y 6 z 8
containing the line   .
4 1 1
x6
298. Find the acute angle between the line  1  y  1  z and the plane
5
7x  y  5z  5  0 giving your answer to the nearest degree.
299. Show that the three planes; 2x  3y  z  8 , x  y  z  10 and
3x  5y  z  6 contain a common line. Find the equation of the line.
x 3 3 y z4
300. Find the coordinates of the point where the line  
5 2 3
meets the plane 2x  3y  7z  10  0
301. M is a point which divides line AB externally in the ratio of 4:3. A is
(1,4,1) and B is (-1,-1,3). Find the Cartesian equation of the line through
M and N(2,1,0).
5  2
   
302. Given O T   3  and O S   0  . Find the coordinates of R such that
  1 7
   
TR : TS  2 : 3
x  2 y 1 z  3
303. Show that the line   is parallel to the plane
4 9 5
3x  2y  6z  9  0 . Hence find the shortest distance between the lie and
the plane.
304. The line L has its vector equation r  i  j  3k   i  2 j  2k  . A plane P
has its scalar product equation r.6i  2 j  k   3 .
a) Show that the line L is parallel to plane P.

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b) Determine the Cartesian equation of another plane M that is

parallel to plane P and contains the line L.
c) Find the perpendicular distance from the line to the plane P.
305. The plane P1 has equation 3x  4y  2z  5 and plane P2 has equation
1  2  1 
     
r   0    1     1  .
1 5   2
     
a) find the Cartesian equation of plane P2 .
b) obtain the acute angle between the planes.
c) find the vector equation of intersection of the two planes.
y  1 z  21
306. The lines x   and r  12  3 i  7  3 j  1   k lie in the
2 3
same plane.
a) Show that the lines intersect and calculate the angle between
them.
b) Find the equation of the plane where both lines lie.
307. A and B are the points (3,1,1) and (5,2,,3) respectively, and C is a point
 2  2
   
on the line r   4      1 . If angle BAC = 900 , find the coordinates
  2 1
   
of C.
 4
 
308. The vector  1  is perpendicular to the plane containing the line
 2
 
x  3 y 1 z  2
  , find the;
2 a 1
(i) value of a.
(ii) Cartesian equation of the plane.
309. A plane P1 passing through the points (1,-1,0) and (1,0,-3) is
perpendicular to the plane P2 having the equation: x  y  6z  0 . Find;
a) The equation of P1
b) The acute angle between P1 and another plane P3 with equation;
x  y  z  7.
310. Determine equation of the plane equidistant from the points A(1,3,5)
and B(2,-4,4).

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311. (a). Find the coordinates of the point, P, in which the plane
x 2 y 3 z4
4x  5y  6z  87 intersects the line   .
3 4 2
(b). Calculate the angle between the line and the plane in (b) (i) above.
312. Find , in vector form, the equation of a line passing through the point
(1,1,3) and perpendicular to the plane 2x  3y  3z  7 .
313. Find the position vector of the point of intersection of the lines
2  5  9   3
       
r1   3      3  and r2   2     5  . Write down the vector equation
  1  2   2   1
       
of the plane containing the lines r1 and r2 hence or otherwise find the
Cartesian equation of the plane containing lines r1 and r2 .
2x 6  3z
314. a) Calculate the angle between the line y and the plane
3 6
1  5    2
     
r   1     4    0  .
7  8   3 
     
b) Find the Cartesian equation of the plane passing through the
midpoint of AB with A(-1,2,-5) and B(3,0,-1) which is perpendicular to
the line in a) above. Hence, find the line of intersection of this plane and
the plane in a) above.
x 1 y z  3
315. a) The lines L1 and L 2 are given by the equation   and
k 1 1
x4 y 3 z3
  respectively. Find the;
1 1 2
i) value of k for which the two lines intersect.
ii) point of intersection of the lines and the obtuse angle between
them.

b) Find the equation of the plane that contains both lines in a) above.

COMPLEX NUMBERS

316. Express
4 
3  4i 4  4i 3 
in the form x  iy .
1 i
Use De Moivre’s theorem to evaluate 3  4i 
2
317. 3

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318. Given z  1  i 3 , find the value of the real number p such that
5
Arg z 2  pz   .
6
3 i
319. Express z  in the form a  bi , where a and b are integers and
1 i
hence find the argument of Z .
320. If z1 and z 2 are complex numbers, solve the simultaneous equations;
4z1  3z2  23 z1  iz2  6  8i , giving your answer in the form x  iy .
x y 6  13i
321. Solve for x and y values in the equation  
2  3i 3  i 9  7i
322. Use De Moivre’s theorem to show that
cos 7  64 cos   112 cos   56 cos   7 cos 
7 5 3

323. Use De Moivre’s theorem to simplify

cos   i sin  cos 2  i sin 2 
  
 cos  i sin 
 2 2
324. If a  ib is a root of the quadratic equation x 2  cx  d  0 , show that
a 2  b2  d and 2a  c  0 .
325. Find x and y if x  2i 1  yi   3  i 2
326. Solve ZZ  5iZ  59  7i  , where Z is the complex conjugate of Z.
327. Use De Moivre’s theorem to show that 16 sin 5   sin 5  5 sin 3  10 sin 
328. Use De Moivre’s theorem to find the cube roots of 6i  4 .
2
329. a) A complex number z has modulus 1 and argument . Find the
3
fourth roots of z.
4t  4 t 3
330. Use De-Moivre’s theorem to show that: tan 4  where
1  6t 2  t 4
t  tan . Hence, find the roots of the equation t 4  4t 3  6t 2  4t  1  0 .
Correct to 3.s.f.
331. If z  x  iy , determine the Cartesian equation of the locus given by
z 1 2

z 1 i 5
5 tan  10 tan3   tan5 
332. Use De Moivre’s theorem to show that tan 5 
1  10 tan2   5 tan4 
 
By considering tan 5  0 , show that tan2    5  2 5 .
5

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4  
333. If z  where    , find z and arg z as
1  cos 2  i sin 2 2 2
functions of 
b) Given that z is a complex number, find the equation of the locus
z  2  i  z  1  2i ,hence sketch the locus.
w 1
334. If  2 where w  x  iy , represent the locus of w on an Argand
w2
diagram.
335. Solve z 3  1  0
336. If z is a complex number. Find the locus of z and illustrate it on an
2z
Argand diagram if 1  .
z  3  6i
1  2i
337. Given that z  . Express z in polar form hence represent it on a
1  3i
complex plane.
338. Use De Moivre’s theorem to show that
cos 3  i sin 3 5 cos   i sin  3  cos13  i sin 13
cos 5  i sin 5 7 cos 2  i sin 2 5
1 i 3 1 i 3
339. Given the complex numbers z1  and z 2  .
2 2
i) Express z1 and z 2 in polar form.
ii) Find the value of z15  z25 . (
 z 1  
340. Given that z  x  iy , show that the locus arg   describes a circle
 z 1 4
. State the centre and radius of the circle.
341. Find the square root of 1  i 3
342. Show that 2  3i is a root of the equation z 4  5z 3  18z 2  17z  13  0 .
Hence find the other roots of equation.
tan 4 x  6 tan 2 x  1
343. Use De Moivre’s theorem to show that cos 4x  and
tan 4 x  2 tan 2 x  1
4 tan x  4 tan3 x
tan 4x 
1  6 tan 2 x  tan 4 x
344. Sketch the loci defined by the equations:
2
i) arg z  2  
3

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 z  3 
ii) arg 
 z 1  4
345. Find the values of z in z 3  8i  0

346. The arguments of the complex numbers z  2 and z  2i differ by .
2
Find the locus of the point P(x,y) which represents z  x  iy and
describe the locus.
347. Given that z1  3  2i and z 2  2  i . Find z1  z 2 , graphically.
348. If z1  x  iy is a complex number, describe and illustrate on the Argand
z2
diagram the locus of 3
z
349. Given that z1  3  2i , z 2  2  i and z 3  4  3i
z1  z 3
a) Express in the form a  bi where a and b are real numbers.
z1z 3
b) Find a polynomial Px  of degree four where the roots of Px   0
are z 2 and z 3 .
350. If a  bi 2  5  12i , find a and b given that they are both real. Give
the two square roots of  5  12i .

351. Express
4  
3  4i 4  4i 3
in the form x  iy .
1 i
352. Sketch the locus of a point P which is represented by z  3  2i  2 z  2
and show the required region.
353. Prove that cos 6 x  sin 6 x 
1
8
3 cos 4 x  5 
354. Solve the equation 2z  i z  5  i where z  x  iy

355. Express the complex number z 

3i  1i  22 in the form a  bi where a
i 3
and b are integers. Hence find;
a) the modulus of z
b) the principle argument of z.
356. Given that the complex number z and its conjugate z satisfy the
equation zz  2z  2z  5  4i Find the possible values of z.
357. Sketch the locus z  1  4i  z  2  i where z is a complex number.

FURTHER CURVE SKETCHING AND INEQUALITIES

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Solve the inequalities below;

x4 x2 363. x 4  10x 2  9  0

358. 
x 1 x  4 2x  4
364. 4
x2  x  2 1 x 1
359. 
x2  4 2 2x 2  7 x  4
6 365. 2
360. x4 3x 2  14x  11
1 x 2x  5 1
x  2 x 1 366. 
361.  x2  4 5
x 1 x  3
367. 6  x  3x  2
x 1 2
362. 
x 3 x

SECTION B – TYPE QUESTIONS

2x  2
368. Show that the curve y  has no real turning points. Hence
x  1x  3
sketch the curve.
12
369. Given the curve y  .Determine the;
x  2x  3
2

a) range of values for y in which the curve does not lie and hence
find the coordinates of the turning point.

b) asymptotes and hence sketch the curve.

1 t 2t 2
370. The parametric equations x  and y  represent a curve.
1 t 1 t
a) find the Cartesian equation of the curve.
b) determine the turning points of the curve and their nature.
c) state the asymptotes and the intercepts of the curve.
d) hence sketch the curve.
x 1
371. Sketch the curve y  , showing clearly the asymptotes and
x  12x  1
turning points.
x 2  6x  5
372. A curve is given by y  2 .
x  4x  4
a) Find the range of values of y for which the curve does not exist.
b) Sketch the curve.

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4 4
373. Show that for real x, 0   4 . Sketch y  2 .
x  2x  2
2
x  2x  2

x2  x  2
374. Given the curve y 2
x  x2
a). Find the;
i) equations of the three asymptotes of the curve.
ii) stationary point of the curve and determine its nature.
b). Sketch the curve.
x 2
x6
375. Show that for real x, the function f x   can take all real
x 1
values. Hence, sketch curve y  f x  .
2t 2
376. A curve is given by the parametric equations; x  3t and y  .
1 t
a) Find the Cartesian equation of the curve.
b) Sketch the curve, showing clearly the asymptotes and turning points.
4x  10
377. Given the curve y  .
x2  4
a) Find the range of values of y within which the curve does not lie.
b) Determine the stationary points of the curve.
c) State the equations of the asymptotes and sketch the curve.

Sketch the curve;

xx  2 3x 2  5x  2
378. y 381. y
x  1x  2 x2  2
x x  1 9x 2  8x  3
379. y 382. y
1 x2 x2 1
380. y
x  32
x

TRIGONOMETRY

Solve the equation;

383. 5 sin 2x  10 sin 2 x  4  0 for  180 o  x  180 o .
384. 2 sin 2  7 sin  for 0 o  x  360 o .
385. tan1 x  tan1 x  1  tan1 3

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386. Express cos  30o   cos  48o  in the form R sin P sin Q . Where R is a
constant. Hence solve the equation cos  30o   cos  48o   0.2 .
A  B a  b
Prove that in any triangle ABC tan
C
387.  cot . Hence solve
 2  ab 2
the triangle in which a  9, b  5.5 and C  57 o .
 P 1
388. Show that sinx    P sinx   then tan x    tan  . Hence solve
 P 1 
the equation sinx  20o   2 sinx  20o  for 0o  x  180o .
389. a) Express 7 cos x  24 sin x in the form R cosx  a  .
b) Write down the maximum and minimum value of the function
f x   12  7 cos x  24 sin x
2 tan 2 tan
390. Show that  sin 2 . Hence solve  3 cos 2 for 0    
1  tan 
2
1  tan 2 
cos 5x  5 cos 3x  10 cos x
391. Prove that cos5 x  .
16
tan A  tan B  tan C  tan A tan B tan C
392. Prove that tanA  B  C  .Hence
1  tan A tan B  tan A tan C  tan B tan C
prove that is A, B and C are angles of a triangle, then
tan A  tan B  tan C  tan A tan B tan C .
sin 5
393. Prove that 4 cos  cos 3  1  . Hence find all the values of
sin 
1
cos  cos 3   .
2
394.  
Show that tan1 1 3  sin 1 1 5   4 .
395. Show that cos 1 x  cos 1 y  cos 1 xy   1  x 1  y 
2 2

396. Prove that 4 tan1 1 5  sin 1 1 239   4 .

397. Solve the equation tan1 2x  sin 1 3x   4
 1  2 tan A  tan2 A
398. Given that 2A  B  , show that tan B  .
4 1  2 tan A  tan2 A
3
399. Prove that cos 6 x  sin 6 x  1  sin 2 2x .
4
bx  ay
400. If a  x cos   y sin  and -+, prove that tan  .
ax  by
401. Solve the equation tan 4  tan 2  0 for 0o    360o .
402. Solve the equation 5 tan x  sec x  5  0 for 0o    360o .

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 33

403. Solve 3 tan3 x  3 tan2 x  tan x 1for 0  x   .

404. Solve the equation cos2  45o   cos2  45o   1 for 0o  x  360o .
2  tan
405. Given that sinx     2 cosx    , prove that tan x  .
1  2 tan
406. Prove that sin 2  sin 2  tan     2sin 2   sin 2  .
407. If the roots of ax 2  bx  c  0 are tan and tan  . Express sec    in
terms of a, b and c.
408. Express 10 sin x cos x  12 cos 2x in the form R sin2x    . Hence, solve
the equation 10 sin x cos x  12 cos 2x  7 for 0o  x  360o .

For questions If A, B and C are angles of a triangle, prove that;

A B C
409. sin B  sin C  sin A  4 cos sin sin
2 2 2
A B C 3A 3B 3C
410. sin 3 A  sin 3 B  sin 3 C  3 cos cos cos  cos cos cos
2 2 2 2 2 2
A B C A B C
411. cot cot cot  cot  cot  cot
2 2 2 2 2 2
412. sin 2A  sin 2B  sin 2C  4 sin A sin B sin C
A B C
413. sin A  sin B  sin C  4 cos cos cos
2 2 2
414. cos 2A  cos 2B  cos 2C  1  2 cos 2A cos 2B cos 2C
2 2 2

A B C
415. cos A  cos B  cos C  4 sin sin sin
2 2 2
1 1 1 1 1 1
416. sin 2 A  sin 2 B  sin 2 C  1  2 sin A sin B sin C
2 2 2 2 2 2

If tan  and tan   and pq  2 show that tan     p  q .

1 1
417.
p q
2
418. A and B are acute angles such that cos A  , and cos ecB  5 . Find the
3
value of tanA  B . Leave your answer in surd form.
419. Show that sin 3A  3 sin A  4 sin 3 A . Deduce that
    3
sin 3 A  sin 3 120o  A  sin 3 240o  A   sin 3A .
4
1  sin x  cos x 1  sin x  cos x 2
420. Show that   .
1  sin x  cos x 1  sin x  cos x sin x

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 34

421. Give that sin 2  sin 2  p , cos 2  cos 2  q prove that

4p sin    
p / q  tan    . Prove also that  and deduce an
p  q  2q cos  cos 
22

expression for tan tan  in terms of p and q .

sin   sin 3  sin 5
422. Given that tan 3  2 evaluate without using tables .
cos   cos 3  cos 5
1 x   
423. If sin   show that tan    x .
1 x  4 2
424. If sin   sin   p and cos   cos   q . Show that
2pq
i. sin     
p  q2
2

 q 2  p2 
ii. cos      2 
2 
p q 
425. Determine the maximum value of the expression; 6 sin x  3 cos x .
426. Show that;
x y
2 tan tan
sin x sin y 2 2
i. 
cos x  cos y 1  tan2 x tan2 y
2 2
 2 x  2 y
1  tan 1  tan 
cos x cos y

2  2
ii.
cos x  cos y  x y 
21  tan 2 tan 2 
 2 2
427. Show that
tanB  C  tanC  A  tanA  B  tanB  C tanC  A tanA  B .
428. If tan 2  sin 2  x and tan 2  sin 2  y show that ;
x
i.  tan2 
y
ii. x 2

2
 y 2  16xy
cos11o  sin 11o
429. Prove that  tan 56o
cos 11  sin 11
o o

cos2P  3Q   cos 3Q
430. Show that  cot P .
sin 2P  3Q   sin 3Q
431. Express 10 sin x cos x  12 cos 2x in the form R sin2x    . Hence find the
maximum value of 10 sin x cos x  12 cos 2x .
432. Solve the equation 5 cos  3 sin   4 for 0o    360o .

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 35

433. If sin   sin   p and cos   cos   q prove that;

8pq
i. tan  tan 
p  q 2  4p 2
2

ii. cos 2  cos 2 
q 2

 p2 p2  q 2  2 
p2  q 2
A 1 x
434. Given that x  sec A  tan A , prove that tan  .
2 1 x
1
435. Given that sin 45o  . Show without a calculator or tables that
2
2 2
sin 292.5o  .
2
sin x  2 sin 2x  sin 3x 2 x
436. a) Given that y  prove that y  tan  0.
sin x  2 sin 2x  sin 3x 2
Hence express the exact value of tan 15 in the form p  q r
2 o
b)
where p,q and r are integers.
c) hence, find the value of x in the range 0 o  x  360 o for which
x
2 y  sec 2 0
2
437. Given that p  2 cos 2 x  3 cos 4 x and q  2 sin 2 x  3sin 4 x ;
Find the greatest and least value of p  q .
2 2
a)
Given that p  q  19 , find x for 0  x  90 .
2 2 o o
b)
c) Using the result in b) above, and without using a calculator or
5 3
mathematical tables, show that pq  .
4
438. Express 4 sin   3 cos  in the form R sin     ; where R is a
constant and  is an acute angle. Hence solve the equation
4 sin   3 cos   2  0 , for 0o    360o . (Ans: 5 sin   53.1o 
o
hence 256.7 )
439. Show that 3 cos   sin  maybe written as 2 cos   30o   or
 
2 sin 60o   . Find the maximum and minimum values of the
expression, state the values of  between 0 and 360 for which they
o o

occur.

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 36

440. Solve the equation tan

1
2x  1  tan1 2  tan1 2x  1 .
441. Solve the equation 3 cos 2   4 cos  sin   sin 2   2 for
0o    180o .
442. Solve cos 3  cos 2  cos   0 . 0o    180o .
abc B C
443. In any triangle ABC, show that  tan cot .
abc 2 2
Show that sin 3  3 sin   4 sin  , hence find all solutions of the
3
444.
equation 8x  6 x  1  0 . Correct to 3 decimal places.
3

3 tan x  tan 3 x
445. Prove that tan 3x  . Hence solve the equation
1  3 tan 2 x
t 3  6t 2  3t  2  0 correct to 2.s.f.
Use the substitution x  2 sin  , to solve 3x  9 x  2  0 correct to 4
3
446.
s.f.
447. Solve the equation sin t cos 3t  sin 3t cos t  0.8 for 0  t  2
2 
448. Without using tables or calculators, show that tan    3  2 2 .
8
449. Solve sec2 2   3 tan 2  1  0 for 0o    180o .
450. Express 3 cos  4 sin  in the form R cos    . Hence;
2
i) determine the maximum value of .
3 cos   4 sin   2
ii) solve the equation 3 cos  4 sin   2  0 .
1 1
451. Show that cos 3  4 cos3  . Hence if cos    a  , Prove that;
2 a
1 1
cos 3   a 3  3  .
2 a 
tan2 A  2 tan A  1
452. Given that 2A  B  135o , show that tan B  .
1  2 tan A  tan2 A
4
453. If  is an acute angle and tan  , show that
3
4 sin     3 cos     5 cos  hence solve for  in the equation

4 sin      3 cos    
300
for  180o    180o .
4
454. Solve the equation cos45o  x   2 sin30o  x  for  180o  x  180o .

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 37

Prove that in any triangle ABC;

b  c sin 12 B  C 
455. 
a cos 12 A
b 2  c 2 sin B  C 
456. 
a2 sin A  B
a bc A B
457.  tan tan
a bc 2 2
458. a  b cos C  c cos B
A 1 B 1 C a  b  c 
2
1
459. cos 2  cos 2  cos 2 
a 2 b 2 c 2 4abc
460. b  c  a cos
B  C cos ec A
2 2
 A B C
461. (a  b  c) tan  tan   2c cos ec
 2 2 2
bc A A
462. If tan  tan then a  b  c  cos sec .
bc 2 2
A B c
463. If 2s  a  b  c , then; 1  tan tan  .
2 2 s
A  s  bs  c 
464. If 2s  a  b  c , then; sin
  .
2  bc 
bc ca a b sin A sin B sin C cos A cos B cos C
465. If   then   and  
11 12 `13 7 6 5 7 19 25
466. Solve the equation 7 cos   sin   5  0 .
467. Show that if tan   2 tan   1, then 2 cos
2 2 2
  cos 2   0
1
468. Solve the equation sin 3x   2 cos 2 x for 0  x  360 o .
2

COORDINATE GEOMETRY

469. Determine the equation of a straight line perpendicular to the line

2x  y  7 and passes through the point of intersection of the lines
5x  7y  29  0 and 11x  3y  65  0 .
470. The points C lies on the perpendicular bisector of the line joining the
points A(4,6) and B(10,2). C also lies on the line parallel to AB through
(3,11).
a) find the equation of the perpendicular bisector of AB.
b) calculate the coordinates of C.

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 38

1
471. A curve is defined by the parametric equations x  t 2 , y  . Find the
t
equation of the tangent to the curve at the point the curve cuts the x-
axis.
472. Find the coordinates of the point C on the line joining the points A(-1,2)
and B(-9,14) which divides AB internally in the ratio 1:3. Find also the
equation of the line through C which is perpendicular to AB.
473. Determine the equation of the circle with centre at (1,5) and has a
tangent passing through the points A(-1,2) and B(0,-2).
474. Find the co-ordinates of the point of intersection of the common chord
to the circles x  y  4 y  4  0 and x  y  x  y  12  0 and
2 2 2 2

the line y  7  3x .
475. Determine the equation of a circle which passes through the point (0,-1)
and the intersection of the circles x  y  2 x  y  5  0 and
2 2

x 2  y 2  3x  4 y  1  0 .
476. A and B are points on the x-axis and y axis respectively, and P is the
midpoint of AB. Given that the area of triangle AOB is 8 square units
show that the locus of P is xy  4
477. Find the coordinates of the point C on the line joining the points A(-1,2)
and B(-9,14) which divides AB internally in the ratio 1:3. Find also the
equation of the line through C which is perpendicular to AB.
478. Find the equations of the tangents from the point (4,4) to the hyperbola
9 x 2  9 y 2  16 .
479. Determine the equation of the circle passing through the points A(-1,2) ,
B(2,4) and C(0,4).
If y  mx  5 is a tangent to the circle x  y  9 , find the possible
2 2
480.
values of m.
Show that 3x  2 y  6 x  8 y  7 is an ellipse and hence determine
2 2
481.
its centre and eccentricity.
482. Show that the curve whose parametric equations are x  9 cos  and
y  12 sin  represents an ellipse hence determine its eccentricity.

Find the coordinates on the curve y  4 xy  x  5 for which the

2 2
483.
tangent is a horizontal line.

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 39

484.
2

The normal to the parabola y  4ax at the point at ,2at meets the
2

axis of the parabola at G. If GP produced beyond P to Q such that
GP  PQ , show that the equation of the locus of Q is
y 2  16ax  2a  .
485. A focal chord PQ to the parabola y 2  4x , has a gradient m  1. Find
the coordinates of the midpoint of PQ.
486. The line 4 x  3 y  5 and y  3 are tangents to circles whose centres
lie on the line x  7 . Find the distance between the centres of the
circles.
487. Find the gradient of the curve x 2 tan x  xy  2y 2  2 at the point (0,1).
488. If the line y  2 x  c is a tangent to the hyperbola 4 x 2  6 y 2  24 show
that c  2 5 .
489. Find the equation of the circle which is tangent to the lines 3 y  4 x ,
y  8 and 4 x  3 y  0 .
If the line y  mx  c is a tangent to the ellipse a y  b x  a b ,
2 2 2 2 2 2
490.

prove that c  b  a m . Hence determine the equations of the

2 2 2 2

common tangents to the ellipse 4 x 2  14 y 2  56 and

3x 2  23 y 2  69 .
491. A circle C, has the equation x 2  y 2  2 x  8 y  8  0 . Find the; (i)
coordinates of its centre. (ii) shortest distance of the point A(-5,-4) from
the circle.
492. The equation of the normal to the curve xy 2  3 y 2  x 3  5 y  2  0 at
the point (a,-2) is 15x  8 y  46  0 . Find the value of a.
493. Find the gradients of the two tangents from the point (3,2) to the circle
x2  y2  4 .
Show that the curve x  5  6 y  y represents a parabola and find the
2
494.
directrix. (05 marks)
495.
2

a). Find the equation of the chord through the points P ap ,2ap and 
 
Q aq 2 ,2aq of the parabola y  4ax .
2

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 40

2a pq  1
b). Show that chord in (a) cuts the directrix where y 
pq
496.
2
Find the equation of a chord of a parabola passing through P at ,2at  
 
and Q ad ,2ad . If the chord also passes through 0,2a  . Show that
2

t  d  td .
x2 y2
497. Given that the line y  mx  c is a tangent to the ellipse 2  2  1 .
a b
Show that c 2  a 2 m 2  b 2 hence, determine the equations of the
x2 y2
tangents at a point (3,3) to the ellipse   1.
16 9
A tangent from the point T (t 2 ,2t ) touches the curve y  4 x . Find;
2
498.
a) equation of the tangent.
2
b) equation of the line L parallel to the normal at T (t ,2t ) and passes
through (1,0)
c) the point of intersection of the line L and the tangent.
d) A point Px, y  is equidistant from X and T in (b) above, show
that the locus of P is t  3t  2xt  y   0
3

A circle with centre C, cuts another circle x  y  4 x  6 y  7  0 at

2 2
499.
right angles and passes through the point (1,3). Find t hocus of the
centre C.
Find the equations to the tangents to the parabola y  6 x which pass
2
500.
through the point (10,-8)
501. Find the coordinates of the foot of the perpendicular from the point (2,-
6) to the line 3 y  x  2  0 .
Show that the equation y  4 y  4 x represents a parabola; hence
2
502.
determine the focus, vertex and directrix.
503. A circle touches both the x-axis and the line 4 x  3 y  4  0 . Its centre
is in the first quadrant and lies on the line x  y  1  0 . Prove that its
equation is x  y  6 x  4 y  9  0
2 2

504. If the x-axis and the y-axis are tangents to the circle
x 2  y 2  2 gx  2 fy  c  0 , Show that c 2  g 2  f 2 .

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 41

505. Find the locus of a point which moves such that the ratio of its distance
from the point A(2,4) to its distance from the point B(-5,3) is 2:3.
506. A point P moves such that its distance from two points A(-2,0 and
B(8,6) is in the ratio AP:PB = 3:2. Show that the locus of P is a circle.
507. Find the locus of the point Px, y  which moves such that its distance
from the point A(5,3) is twice its distance from x  2 .
Show that y  x  3 is a tangent to the curve y  x  5x  6
2
508.
509. Find the equation of the circle whose end diameter is the line joining
the points A(1,3) and B(-2,5)
A chord to the parabola 4 x  3 y  0 is parallel to the line 2 x  y  4
2
510.
and passes through point (1,1). Find;
a) Equation of the chord
b) The coordinates of the point of intersection of the chord with the
parabola.
c) The acute angle between the chord and the directrix of the parabola.
511. A circle whose centre is in the first quadrant touches the x- and y-axes
and the line 8x  15 y  20 . Find the;
a) Equation of the circle
b) Point at which the circle touches the y-axis
512. A point P on a curve is given parametrically by x  3 cos and
y  2  sec .Find the equation of the normal to the curve at the point

where    3

513. Show that the parametric equations x  9 cos  and y  16 sin 

represents an ellipse. Hence determine the foci and the diretrices.
x2 y2
514. Show that the equation of the tangent t the ellipse 2  2  1 at the
a b
xx1 yy1
point ( x1 , y1 ) is  2  1 .Hence determine the tangents at the
a2 b
points where the line 2 x  y  3 cuts the ellipse 4 x  y  5 .
2 2

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 42

x2 y2
515. If the line y  mx  c touches the ellipse 2  2  1 . Express c in
a b
  a2m b2 
terms of a, b and m. Hence show that  ,  is the point of
 c c 
contact.
516. Find the equation of the line through the point (-4,5) and perpendicular
to the line 4x  13y  7 .
517. The points C lies on the perpendicular bisector of the line joining the
points A(4,6) and B(10,2). C also lies on the line parallel to AB through
(3,11).
a) find the equation of the perpendicular bisector of AB.
b) calculate the coordinates of C.
518. Find the length and the equation of the perpendicular from the point
P(3,4) to the line 3x  4y  6  0 .
519. Write down the equations of the bisectors between the lines
8x  6y  3  0 and 12x  5y  8  0 .
520. Find the equation of the line through the point of intersection of the
lines 3y  x  13  0 and 3x  2y  3  0 and which is perpendicular to the
line x  5y  0 .
1
521. The points A(3,4), B(2a,5), C(6, a) form a triangle whose area is 9 square
2
units. Find the two possible values of a .
522. Find the points P and Q which divide the line joining A(3,2) and
B(10,16) internally and externally in the ratio 3:4.
523. Find the ratios in which the line joining the points A(8,2) and B(-2,7) is
divided by the points (12,0) and (0,6).
524. Find the equation to the straight line which lies mid-way between the
point (2,-1) and the line 5x  12y  8 .
525. Find the coordinates of the point C on the line joining the points A(-1,2)
and B(-9,14) which divides AB internally in the ratio 1:3. Find also the
equation of the line through C which is perpendicular to AB.
526. Find the equation of the locus of a point which always moves so that its
distance from the x-axis is twice its distance from the point (2,-3).
527. A point P moves in such a way that the sum of its distance from (0,2)
and (0,-2) is 6. Find the equation of the locus of P.

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 43

528. Find the locus of points which is equidistant from the point A2,3 and
the line 12x  5y  4  0
529. A and B are points on the x-axis and y axis respectively, and P is the
midpoint of AB. Given that the area of triangle AOB is 8 square units
show that the locus of P is xy  4 .
530. Find the locus of a point which moves such that the ratio of its distance
from the point A(2,4) to its distance from the point B(-5,3) is 2:3
531. Find the locus of the point Px, y  which moves such that its distance
from the point A(5,3) is twice its distance from x  2 .
532. A is the point (0,-2), and B is the point (2,0). Find the locus of a point P
which moves so that PA  PB  3 .
533. M and N are points on the axes, and the line MN passes through the
point (3,2). P is a variable point which moves so that the midpoint of
the line joining P to the origin is the midpoint of MN. Find the locus of
the point P
534. A straight line LM, of length 4 units, moves with L on the line y  x
and M on the x-axis. Find the locus of the midpoint of LM.
535. A line parallel to the y-axis meets the curve y  x 2 at P and the line
y  x  2 at Q. find the locus of the midpoint of PQ.
536. Variable lines through the points O(0,0) and A(2,0) intersect at right
angles at the point P. Show that the locus of the midpoint of OP is
y 2  xx  1  0
537. Find the equation of the tangent and the normal to the curve
9x 2  16y 2  20 at the point (2,-1)
538. Find the equation of the normal to the curve y  x 2  2x  8 at the point
where it cuts the curve cuts the y-axis and the point where this normal
meet the x-axis?
x
539. Find the equation of the tangent to the parabola y 2  at the point
9
 2 p
p , .
 3
540. Find the of the tangent to the hyperbola x  4t, y  4 / t which passes
through (4,3).
541. Find the equation of the tangent and normal to the rectangular
hyperbola xy  c 2 at the point Pct , c / t  .

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 44

542. Show that if the line y  2x  c is tangent to the circle x 2  y 2  9 then

c 2  45 .
543. Find the equation of the tangent to the curve whose points are of the
 1
parametric form  3q,  .
 q
544. Find the equations of the tangents to the curve y  2x 3  x which are
parallel to the line 2y  12x  1  0 .
545. A curve is defined by the parametric equations;
x  t 2  3t
y  2t  1
Find the equation of the tangent to the curve at (4,1).
546. Prove that 2x  y  4  0 is a tangent to a rectangular hyperbola whose
 2
parametric co-ordinates are of the form  2t,  .
 t 
547. If y  mx  5 is a tangent to the circle x 2  y 2  9 , find the possible values
of m.
548. Find the condition that the line lx  my  n  0 should touch the ellipse.
549. Show that the circles x 2  y 2  4x  2y  8  0 and
x 2  y 2  6x  13y  22  0 touch each other and find the equation of the
tangent at the point of contact.
550. A circle A passes through the point ( t  2,3t ) and has a centre at ( t,3t ).
i. Determine the equations of the circles A and B in terms of t.
ii. If t  1 , show that , show that circles A and B intersect at
(2,3  3 ) .
iii. Show that the area of the region of intersection of the two circles
 3
A and B is 8  .
3 4 
551. Show that the parametric equations ( 3  2 cos , sin   1) represents a
circle. State its radius and centre.
552. Find the equation of the circle with A(1,2) and B(-3,4) as ends of its
diameter.
553. the equation of the circle that passes through the points A(1,1) , B(2,0)
and C(3,1).

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554. a) Show that the equation of a circle passing through the points (-2,-4),
(3,1) and (-2,0) is (x  1) 2  y  22  13 .
b) with reference to the circle in (a) above, show that the tangent at
point (3,1) is parallel to the diameter that passes through the point (-
2,0).
555. a) PQRS is a square inscribed in a circle x 2  y 2  4x  16y  4  0 . Find
the;
i) the centre and radius of the circle.
ii) the length of the diagonals to and the area of the square.
b) i) Show that the circle x 2  y 2  8x  20  0 is orthogonal to the circle
in a) above.
ii) Hence or otherwise find the equation of the common chord to
the circles and the point where this chord meets the line joining
their centres.
556. The equation of circle, centre O is given by x 2  y 2  Ax  By  C  0
where 4A  3B , 3A  2C and C  9 .
a) Determine the coordinates of the centre of the circle and its radius.
b) A tangent is drawn from the point Q(3,2) to the circle. Find;
i). The coordinates of P, the point where the tangent meets the circle.
ii) The area of the triangle QPO.
557. Find the equation of the circle which passes through the points (1,1),
(1,-1) and is orthogonal to x 2  y 2  4 .
558. A circle passes has centre C(4,-3) and touches the line 3x  4y  6  0 .
a) Find the equation of the circle.
b) Find the coordinates of the point Q where the tangent from the point
P(5,6) touches the circle. Hence find the area of triangle QCP.
559. a) Find the Cartesian equation of the circle with parametric equations
are x  2  5 cos  and y  1 5 sin  . State the coordinates of its centre
and radius.
b) Find the equations of the tangents to the circle in a) above from the
point (15,-5)
Find the equation of a parabola;
560. focus at (-5,0) and directrix x  5  0
561. with vertex at (-2,3) and focus at (-7,3)
562. focus (-2,3) and directrix y  1  0

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563. Find the focus, directrix and length of the latus rectum for the parabola
y 2  4x  8
564. A point P moves in a Cartesian plane such that it is always equidistant
from the circle x 2  y 2  4 and from the line y  6 . Show that the locus
of P is a parabola. Hence find its locus and directrix.
565. The tangents at points Pap 2 ,2ap and Q aq 2 ,2aq  to the parabola
y 2  4ax meet at the point R. Find the coordinates of R. If R lies on the
line 2x  a  0 , find the equation of the locus of the midpoint of PQ.
566. Find the length of the Latus rectum for a standard parabola y 2  4ax ,
and hence find the length of the Latus rectum of y 2  4y  20  8x .
567. Given the parabola whose equation is y 2  4x  4y  2 . Find the vertex,
focus and directrix of the parabola.
568. Show that the tangents drawn from the end points of a focal chord
joining the points T1 at12 ,2at1  and T2 at 22 ,2at 2  intersect at 90o at the
directrix.
569. The points Pap2 ,2ap and Q at 2 ,2at  are on a parabola y 2  4ax . OP is
perpendicular to OQ, where O is the origin. Show that pt  4  0 .
570. Show that the curve y 2  8y  4x is a parabola. Sketch the parabola
and state its focus.
571. The points Pat 2 ,2at  and Q aT 2 ,2aT lie on the parabola with equation
y 2  4ax . Determine the locus of the mid-point of the line segment PQ
for when tT  2a .
572. The tangent to the parabola y 2  4ax at T(at 2 ,2at) meets the x-axis at P.
the straight line through T parallel to the axis of the parabola meets the
directrix at Q. If S is the focus of the parabola. Prove that TPQS is a
rhombus.
573. Pap 2 ,2ap and Q aq 2 ,2aq  are points on the parabola y 2  4ax. if the
chord passes PQ passes through the focus, show that pq  1 . If M is
the midpoint of PQ, deduce that the locus of M is y 2  2ax  a  .
574. Given that the point P1  4 cos ,2  3 sin   moves in the Cartesian plane.
Show that the locus of P is an ellipse. Hence obtain the coordinates of
its centre and foci. Find also the equation of the tangent to the locus at
P.

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575. A point moves so that its distance from (3,2) is half its distance from the
line 2x  3y  1 . Explain why this locus is an ellipse , find the equation
of the ellipse and state the equation of its major axis.
576. Determine the equations of the director and auxiliary circles to the

ellipse
x  5 y  3
2

2
 1.
4 9
577. Express the equation of the ellipse 9x 2  25y 2  54x  100y  44  0 in the

form
x  h 2  y  k 2  1 . Hence find the coordinates of its centre and
a2 b2
foci.
x2 y2
578. An ellipse has a Cartesian equation   1 . The general point
16 4
P4 cos  ,2 sin   lies on the ellipse.
a) Show that the equation of the normal to the ellipse at P is
2x sin  y cos  16 sin cos .
b) The normal to the ellipse at P meets the x-axis at the point Q and O
is the origin. Show clearly that as  varies, the maximum area of the
1
triangle OPQ is 4 .
2
579. Find the Cartesian equation of a curve whose polar equation is given by
r  a tan .
580.    
The points P ap 2 ,2ap and T at 2 ,2at lie on the parabola y 2  4ax and
the tangents at P and T intersect at point S. Show that the area of

triangle PTS is given by a p  t  .

1 2
2
581. A parabola has focus (1,2) and vertex (2,4).
a) Find the equations of
(i) its axis
(ii) its directrix
(iii) its curve
b) Find the length of its latus rectum.
c) the equation of the parabola.
582. Given the equation y  5x  2x 2
a) Show that this equation represents a parabola and state the length of
its latus rectum.
b) Find the:

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i) Coordinates of its focus

ii) Equation of its directrix
iii) Equation of its axis.
x2 y2
583. Obtain the equation of the tangent to the ellipse 2  2  1 at the point
a b
a cos , a sin   . If the tangent cuts the x and y axes at points Q and R
respectively, determine the locus of the midpoint of QR.
584. Show that the equation xy  5x  2y  3  0 represents a rectangular
hyperbola. State the equations of its asymptotes and hence give its
sketch.
585. Show that the equation x 2  4y 2  4x  24y  36  0 represents an ellipse.
Hence find its:
a) Centre
b) Eccentricity
c) Foci.
a  1
586. P is a variable point given by parametric equations x   t   and
2 t 
b  1
y  t  .
2 t
a) Show that the locus of P is a hyperbola with cartesian equation
x2 y2
 1
a 2 b2
b) Sate the asymptotes of the hyperbola.
c) Determine the coordinates where the tangent to the curve at P meets
the asymptotes.
587.  
The point P ap 2 ,2ap lies on the parabola y 2  4ax . L is the point
 a,2a  not on the parabola and M is the midpoint of line PL. Show
that as P moves on the parabola, the locus of M is given by
y 2  2ax  y  .
x2 y2
588. The equation of the auxiliary circle of the hyperbola 2  2  1 is
a b
x 2  y 2  a 2 . State the equation of the auxiliary circle of the hyperbola
2x  1  3y  2  12 .
2 2

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x2 y2
589. The normal to the ellipse   1 at point Ra cos  , b sin   cuts the x
a2 b2
and y axes at point A and B respectively. Find the area of the triangle
AOB.
590. Show that for the line yl  x  m  0 to be a tangent to the ellipse
x2 y2
 2  1 , then m 2  a 2  b 2 l 2 . Hence determine the four common
a 2
b
tangents to the two ellipses 4x 2  14y 2  56 and 3x 2  23y 2  69 .
591.    
Show that if the points P ap 2 ,2ap and Q aq 2 ,2aq lie on the parabola
y 2  4ax and that PQ is a focal chord, then the area of triangle OPQ is
a 2 p  q  .
 1  p 
592. A curve is defined parametrically by x  31   and y  6  . Show
 p 1 p 
that the curve is a rectangular hyperbola and hence find the length of its
latus rectum.
a 1
593. P is a variable point given by parametric equations x   t   and
2 t
b  1
y t   .
2 t
x2 y2
a) Show that the locus of P is   1.
a 2 b2
b) State the asymptotes
c) Determine the coordinates of the points where the tangent to the
curve at P meets the asymptotes.
594. Given that the tangents tot eh parabola y 2  4ax at the points
   
P ap 2 ,2ap and Q aq 2 ,2aq contain an angle of 3 / 4 rad, show that
p 1
q .
p 1
 c
595. a). Determine the equation of the tangent and normal at P ct ,  on the
 t
rectangular hyperbola xy  c 2 . (Ans: x  t 2 y  2ct : ty  ct 4  t 3 x  c )
 c
b) The normal at P meets the hyperbola again at Q  cT,  . Show that
 T
t 3T  1  0 .

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c) If the tangents at P and Q in (b) above meets at R, show that the

locus of R is x 2  y 2   4c 2 xy  0 .
2

596. Part of the line x  3y  3  0 is a chord of rectangular hyperbola

x 2  y 2  5 . Find the length of the chord.
597. Find the equation of the chord joining the points Pcp, c / p and
Q cq, c / q  . (Ans: x  pqy  cp  q .)
598. A point A is the midpoint of PQ on the rectangular hyperbola xy  c 2
where P and Q are respectively cp, c p and cq, c q  . The line through
P and Q meets the x-axis at B. The line through B parallel to OA meets
the hyperbola at Rcr, c r  and Scs, c s  . Show that rs  pq  0 and
r s  pq.
599.  
The tangent to the parabola y 2  4ax at the point P at 2 ,2at meets the x-
axis at point T. A straight line through P parallel to the axis of the
parabola intersects the directrix at Q.
a) If S is the focus of the parabola, show that PQTS is a rhombus.
b) If M is the midpoint of PT and N is the midpoint of PM, find;
(i) The locus of M.
(ii) The locus of N.
x
a) Find the equation of the tangent to the parabola y  at the point
2
600.
16
 
t ,t 4 .
2

b) if the tangents to the parabola in (a) above at the points Pp 2 , p 4

and Q q 2 , q 4 meet on the line y  2
(i) show that p  q  16 .
(ii) deduce that the midpoint of PQ lies on the line y  2 .
601. The normal to the rectangular hyperbola xy  8 at a point (4,2) meets the
asymptotes at M and N. Find the length of MN.
602. Given the hyperbolic curve xy  c 2
a) Determine the equation of the tangent to the curve at point
 c
A ct 1 , 
 t1 

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b) Determine the equation of the normal to the curve xy  c 2 at point

 c
B ct 2 ,  .
 t2 
c) If the tangent at A above meets the normal at B above intersecting
on the y – axis. Show that 2t 2  t 1 1  t 42  .

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APPLIED MATHEMATICS
LINEAR INTERPOLATION AND EXTRAPOLATION
603. The table below shows the experimental variation of quantities x and y.
x 0.022 0.146 0.209 0.311
y 14.9834 9.0763 7.6348 4.3131
Using linear interpolation or linear extrapolation, find
a) y when x = 0.252
b) x when y = 2.1473
604. The table shows the value s of x and y.
x 0.022 0.146 0.209 0.311
y 14.9834 9.0763 7.6348 4.3131
Use linear interpolation or extrapolation to find;
a) y when x = 15 b) x when y = -3.2
605. The table below shows the relationship between x and ln x
x 0.8 1.2 1.6
lnx -0.24 0.18 0.48
Use linear interpolation to estimate;

a) ln 0.5
b) x when ln x  0.12
606. The table below shows extracts of tangents of angles:
xo 45.0 45.1 45.2 45.3
tanx 1.0000 1.0035 1.0070 1.0105
Using linear interpolation and extrapolation, find:
a) tan1 1.0052
b) tan45.32
607. Given that for a function f x  , f 0.9  0.2661 , f 1.0  0.2420 and
f 1.1  0.2179 , use linear interpolation or linear extrapolation to
estimate;
a). f 0.96 b) f 1 0.2082
608. The table below shows the velocity of a particle during the course of its
motion
Time(s) 5 9 12
Velocity (ms ) -1
10 13 17
Use linear interpolation or extrapolation to estimate the;
a) velocity when time = 7s.

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 53

b) time when velocity = 19 ms-1.

609. The heights of a sample of seedlings when 200grams,
300grams,350grams and 450grams of fertilizers were applied to similar
seedlings of the same initial heights were 1.6cm, 1.9cm, 2.4cm and 2.8
cm respectively. Use linear interpolation or linear extrapolation to
estimate the;
a) Length of a seedling when 272 grams of fertilizer is applied,
b) Amount of fertilizer required if the height of the seedling is to be
3.1 cm.
610. The quantity of water (in litres) remaining in a leaking drum carried
through distances (in km) of 3,5,10,15 and 20 from a well are
54,39,25,12 and 8 litres respectively. Find the;
a). quantity of water remaining in the drum after a distance of 24km
from the well.
b). distance covered when 30 litres remains in the drum.
611. A physics-Mathematics teacher is confident that there is a linear
relationship between his class in performance in Physics and
Mathematics. He realized that a student who scored 59% in physics
scored 72% in Mathematics and the one who scored 76% in physics
scored 81% in mathematics.
Find the teacher’s prediction for the;
a) mathematics marks for a student with 66% in physics.
b) physics marks for a student with 90% in mathematics.
612. A faulty computer system in a certain school was used to print students
marks on report cards. When the teacher fed in 70%, the computer
printed 50% and instead of 60% , it printed 40%. Find the;
a) true mark if the computer printed 47%.
b) value printed by the computer if the true mark is 52%.

TRAPEZIUM RULE

613. Using trapezium rule with five strips evaluate 
0
sin x dx correct to four

decimal places. (05 marks)

4
1
614. a) Use trapezium rule with five strips evaluate  x  1
3
2
3
dx , correct to

three decimal places.

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 54

4
1
b) Find the exact value of  x  1
3
2
3
dx .

c) Find the percentage error in the approximation in a) above and suggest

how this error can be reduced.
4
615. a) Use trapezium rule with five strips to estimate  32 x dx , correct to two
0

decimal places.
4
b) Find the exact value of  32 x dx correct to two decimal places.
0

c) Calculate the relative error made in (a) above and state how you can
reduce on such a relative error.
2
616. Use trapezium rule with 6 ordinates to estimate  tan 1 xdx correct to 4
1

decimal places.
3

 1  x dx correct to
4
617. a) Use trapezium rule with 6 ordinates to estimate 2

3 decimal places.
3

 1  x dx correct to 3 decimal places.

4
b) Find the exact value of 2

Hence find the error made in using the estimate instead of the exact.
State how the error may be reduced.
dx
1
618. Use trapezium rule with 6 ordinates to estimate the value of  1 x
0
2
.

Give your answer correct to 3 decimal places.

1
a) Use trapezium rule with six ordinates to estimate  sin xdx , correct
2
619.
0

to three significant figures.

b) Determine the percentage error made in your calculation in (a)
above and suggest how this error may be reduced.
620. a) Use the trapezium rule with 6-ordinates to find the value of

4

 t  sin t dx correct to four places.

0

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 55

b) Find the percentage error made in the calculation in (a) above and
suggest how this error may be reduced.
c) suggest how the error can be reduced.
621. a) Use the trapezium rule with 7 ordinates to evaluate;


 2x  cos x dx

0
2

b) Calculate the percentage error made in the evaluation in (a) above.

Suggest how this error can be minimized.
622. a) Use trapezium rule with four strips to show that


 3x sin 2x dx  k  

2
2
2 1 .
0


 3x sin 2x dx

2
b) Find the exact value of correct to three decimal places.
0

c) Find the percentage error in the approximation in a) above and

suggest how this error can be reduced.
1
Use the trapezium rule with 6 ordinates to evaluate  e x dx correct to 3
2
623.
0

decimal places.
3
624. a) Use the trapezium rule with six ordinates to estimate  x 2 ln xdx
1

Give your answer correct to three decimal places.

b) Hence find the percentage error in your estimate and suggest how it
can be reduced.

LOCATION OF ROOTS, ITERATIONS AND FLOW CHARTS

625. a) Show that there is a real root of the equation x 3  2x  1  0 between

x  0 and x  1 .
b) Use linear interpolation once to find the first estimate of the root of
the equation, correct to two decimal places.
c) Using Newton Raphson iterative formula and your approximate root
in (b) above as the initial value, calculate the root of the given equation
correct to two decimal places.
626. a) Show graphically that the equation 2 sin x  ln x  0 has a root between
2 and 3.

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b) Use Newton Raphson’s methyod to find the root of the equation in

a) above correct to four significant figures.
627. a) Show that the equation ln x  sin x  2 has a root between x  3 and
x  4 b) Use linear interpolation to estimate the initial approximation x o to
one decimal place.
c) Using the x o above and the Newton Raphson method find the root
correct to 3 decimal places.
628. Find the consecutive integers within which the root of the equation
x 3  4x 2  16  0 lies. Use Newton-Raphson Method to find the root of
the equation correct to four decimal places.
629. a) Show that the equation x sin x  1 has a root lying between 1 and 1.5.
b) Use linear interpolation once to find the first approximation, x o of
the root of the equation. Hence use the Newton-Raphson Method to
compute the root correct to 4 decimal places.
630. a) Show graphically that the equations y  e 3x and y  cos x have a root
in the interval 1.2  x  2 .
b) Use your graph to estimate the root of the equation e 3x  cos x  0
correct the initial approximation x o  to one decimal place.
c) Using the initial approximation x o  from b) above and the Newton
Raphson method, find the root correct to three decimal places.
631. Derive the Newton-Raphson formula for solving the equation
 10
20 cos x  x  0 . Taking x o  , show that x1  .
2 21
632. By plotting graphs of y  sin x and y  ln x on the same exes. Show that
the equation sin x  ln x has a root between 2 and 3.
a).Show that the root of the equation x 2 e  x  3x  6 lies between 1 and
2
633.
2.
b) Derive the Newton Raphson formular for finding the fifth root of a
number N. Hence find 5 72 to 4 decimal places.
634. a) Obtain graphically the root of the equation x 3  3x  4  0 .
b) Use Newton Raphson method to find the root of equation
x 3  3x  4  0 correct to 2 decimal places.
635. a) By drawing graphs x 3 and 3x  4 on the same axes, show that the
root of the equation x 3  3x  4  0 lies between -3 and -2.

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b) Use linear interpolation two times to find the root of the equation
x 3  3x  4  0 correct to 2 decimal places.
636. a). Given the equation px 2  qx  r  0 , show that the simplest interative
formula based on Newton Raphson method for finding a better
approximation to the root of the equation is
px 2n  r
, n  0,1,2,...
2px n  q
b). Construct a flow chart that;
(i). reads the values of r,p,q and the initial approximation a,
(ii). computes and prints the root and number of iterations with an
error of less than 0.0001.
c). Use your diagram to estimate the positive square root of 20, for a=4.
637. a) Obtain graphically the root of the equation x 3  4
b) Derive the simplest iterative formula based on Newton Raphson
method that can be used to find a better approximation to the root of
the equation in (a) above.
c) Using the value from the graph in (a) above as the initial
approximation, find the root of the equation x 3  4 correct to four
significant figures.
638. The sum, S n , of the first n terms of a certain series is given by

S n  Ax n 1  A
1  x  where A and x are constants and n  1,2,3,...
n 1

1  x 
Draw a flow chart that reads A and x and prints S n .
If A  5 and x  2 , perform a dry run for the flow chart.
639. a) Derive the simplest iterative formula based on Newton Raphson
method for finding the fourth root of a given number A.
b) Draw a flow chart that;
(i) reads A and the initial approximation x o
(ii) computes and prints the fourth root of A correct to three decimal places.

c) Perform a dry run for A  150.10 and x o  3.2

640. The iterative formulae below are used for calculating the positive root of
the equation f x   0 .
1  2x n  12 
3
A : x n 1   
3  x n 2 

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 x n 3  12 
B : x n 1   

 2 x n 
a) Taking x o  2 , use each formula twice and hence deduce the most
suitable for solving f x   0 .
b) Find the root of the equation f x   0 correct to three decimal places.
c) Find the equation whose root is in b) above.
641. a). Show that the Newton Raphson Formular for finding the 4 th root of
a number K is ;
3 K 
X n 1   X n  3 ; n  0,1,2,...
4 3x n 
b). i). Draw a flow chart that reads and computes the 4th root of number
K.
ii). Perform a dry run for finding the fourth root of 45 correct to 3
d.ps.
642. Perform a dry run for the flow chart below and state the relationship
between N and T.
PRINT N,T
YES

Is N=5?

A=A+N
Stop

T=0
N=0
A=0

Start
NO

T=T+6A+1
A=A+N

(05 marks)

ERRORS

643. The numbers A  4.2 , B  16.02 and C  2.5 are rounded off with
corresponding errors of 0.5, 0.45 and 0.02. Calculate the absolute error
A
in correct to 3 decimal places.
BC
644. Given that y  sec 45o  10% . Find the limit within which the exact value
of y lies.

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645. Given that x  4.23 , y  2.1 and y  3.2 have percentage errors of 2, 3
and 4 respectively. Determine the;
(a) Errors in x, y, and z.
xy
(b) Maximum value of
z
646. a) The quantities a and b were measured with errors a and b
respectively. Show that the maximum relative error in calculating
a 1 b
z  a b is 
a 2 b
(b) Given that a = 2.5 and b = 0.16 were estimated with percentage
errors of 4 and 5 respectively. Calculate the absolute error in
evaluating a b .
647. Find the maximum possible error made in the expression
2.5  4.1
6.3  3.1  correct to three significant figures.
5
648. Two positive decimal numbers x and y were approximated with errors
x and y respectively. Show that the maximum possible relative error
x y
in approximating X 2 Y as x 2 y is 2 .
x x
649. Given that x  3.10 , y  3.21 and z  12.1 , rounded off to the given
number of decimal places, find the;
xy
a) Range within which lies.
z
xy
b) Percentage error made in the approximation of .
z
650. Given that a  1.50 , b  1.  13.3 and c  9.200 . All are rounded off to the
given number of decimal places, find the ,minimum value of;
ab ab 1 1 1
a) b) c)  
c c 2
a b c
651. The numbers x  1.5 , y  2.85 and z  10.345 were all rounded off to
the given number of decimal places. Find the range within which the
1 1 y
exact value of   lies.
x y xz
652. Given that y  x sin x and x  2 , find the absolute error in y giving
your answer correct to 3 significant figures.
653. a). i). Round of 6.00213,

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ii). truncate 5415000 to 3 significant figures

b). Given that x  2.79 , y  1.375 and z  1.4 , find the limits within
y
which  x lies. Correct to 4 significant figures.
z
654. The positive decimal numbers X and Y were approximated with errors E1
and E 2 respectively. Show that the maximum possible relative error in the
E1 E
approximation of the product X3 Y 2 is 3 2 2 .
X Y
b) Given that X  5.64 and Y  10.0 , rounded off to the given number of
decimal places. Find the;
(i) Maximum possible errors in X and Y.
(ii) Percentage error made in the approximation of X3 Y 2 .
655. Given that x  2.876 , y  2.31 and z  8.6 are rounded off to the given
number of decimal places. Find the interval within which the exact
y
value of x  lies correct to 4 significant figures.
z
656. Find the range within which the value of the expression
2.471  38.22
lies.
 49.3252  23.17
657. The dimesions of a rectangle are 8cm and 4.26cm .
a) State the maximum possible error in each dimension.
b) Find the range within which the area of the rectangle lies.
(correct to 2 decimal places)
658. Given that x  1.25 (2 dps) and y  1.600 (3 dps), calculate the interval
within which the exact value of xy lies. Deduce the maximum error in
xy.
659. Given that x  2.45 and y  5.250 are rounded off to the given number
of decimal places. Determine the interval within which the exact value
yx
of lies. Give your answer to 4 decimal places.
yx
1
660. The volume of a cone is given by V  r 2 h with errors r and h in
3
the radius and the height respectively. Show that the maximum possible
r h
relative error in the volume is given by 2 
r h

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661. The numbers x  4.8 , y  4.905 and z  2 are rounded off to the nearest
number of decimal places. Find the range within which the exact value
z
of lies.
yx
662. Given that the number p and q are rounded off with errors e p and e q
respectively. Show that the maximum relative error in pq is given by

1  e p e q 
 hence find the interval within which the exact value of
2  p q 
1.202.8 is expected to lie.
663. Given that a  1.50 and b  13.3 and c  9.1000 are rounded off to the given
number of decimal places. Find the range of values within which the exact
ac
value of is expected to lie. Give your answer to four decimal places.
b2
664. Numbers X and Y were estimated by x and y with maximum relative
errors of E x and E y respectively. Show that the maximum relative
E E 
percentage error in xy is given by;  x  y  100
 x y 
665. The numbers x and y are approximated by X and Y with errors x and
x
y respectively. Show that the maximum relative error in is given
y
 x y  X
by;   .
 X Y  Y

CORRELATION

666. The table below shows the concentration of roots of a certain tree with
respect to depth
Root concentration 80 75 86 60 75 92 86 50 64 75
Soil depth 60 58 60 45 68 68 81 48 50 70
Calculate the correlation coefficient between the root concentration and
soil depth and comment.
667. The table below shows the scores in two subjects Biology (x) and
chemistry (y) for ten students.

x 82 78 86 72 91 80 95 72 89 74
y 75 80 93 65 87 71 98 68 84 77

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a) Plot a scatter diagram. Draw a line of best fit and find its
equation in the form y  x   where  and  are constants.
b) Calculate the coefficient of rank correlation between x and y.
Comment on the significance of Biology on chemistry.
(Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient   0.79 based on ten
observations at 1% level of significance)
668. The following table gives the marks (x) obtained by 12 students
A,B,C,D,…,L in an examination in statistics at the end of a term
together with the marks (y) obtained at the beginning of the term.
Students A B C D E F G H I J K L
Marks(x) 53 74 48 71 66 60 47 72 48 65 80 40
Marks(y) 41 50 44 38 41 48 45 57 36 46 50 47
Calculate the rank correlation coefficient and comment on the results.
669. The table below shows results scored by twelve students in physics(x)
and mathematics (y)
Physics 28 20 40 28 21 22 31 36 29 30 24 25
Mathematics 30 20 40 28 22 25 45 35 27 31 23 27
a) Construct a scatter diagram, draw a line of best fit and comment.
b) Calculate the rank correlation co-efficient and comment on its
significance at 5%
670. The table below shows the marks obtained by 10 students in two
mathematics tests.
Student A B C D E F G H I J
Test 1 61 69 69 68 67 58 60 62 69 67
Test 2 68 78 73 75 70 63 67 68 70 68
a) i) Illustrate the two sets of marks by means of a scatter diagram
plotting the Test 1 marks on the x-axis.
ii) Calculate the mean marks for each test x, y  and plot the
result on the scatter diagram.
b) Draw the line of best fit and use it to determine:
i). the mark of Test 1 given that the student scored 65 in Test 2.
ii). the mark of Test 2 given that the student scored 70 in Test 1.
c) Find the Rank correlation coefficient between the performance in
Test 1 and Test 2 and comment on the result.
671. The heights and corresponding masses of 7 tourists were taken, and
ranked as shown below.
Ranks

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 63

Height 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Mass 2 1 4 3 7 5 6
The heights and corresponding masses of 7 tourists were taken, and
ranked as shown.
Calculate the spearman’s rank correlation coefficient for this data.
Comment on your result.
672. The mock examination and average final examination marks of a
certain school are given in the table below.
Mock marks (x) 28 34 36 42 48 52 54 60
AV. Final marks (y) 54 62 68 70 76 66 76 74
a) (i) Plot the marks on the scatter diagram and comment on
the relationship between the two marks.
(ii) Draw a line of best fit and use it to predict the average
final mark of a student whose mock mark is 50.
b) Calculate the rank correlation coefficient between the marks and
comment on your result.
673. The data below shows the ages in years, x of patients and the number of
days, y taken by the patient to recover from a particular disease.

x 55 51 62 66 72 59 78 55 62 70
y 34 44 49 49 48 43 51 41 46 51
a) Calculate the rank correlation coefficient for the data.
b) Comment on the significance of the age on the number of days
taken by the patients to recover fully at 1% level of significance.
674. Ten boys compete in throwing a ball, and the table below shows the
height of each boy (x cm) and the distance (y m) to which he can throw
the ball.
675.
Boys A B C D E F G H I J
Height (xcm) 122 124 133 138 144 156 158 161 164 168
Distance(ycm) 41 38 52 56 29 54 59 61 63 67
Calculate the rank correlation coefficient and comment on the result at
5% level of significance.
676. The table below shows the distribution of wages of employees and the
time taken to do the job.
Time (hours) 5 6 13 7 9 22 14 7 6 8
Wage (,000) UGX 1 12 15 12 13 16 13 10 9 11

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Calculate the rank correlation coefficient and comment on the

relationship between wage and hours.
677. The following table shows results scored by twelve students in building
construction drawing (BCD) and studio (s) tests.
BCD 28 20 40 28 21 22 31 36 29 30 24 25
s 30 20 40 28 22 25 45 35 27 31 23 27
a) Draw a scatter diagram to represent the performance of students
in the two course units and comment on the relationship.
b) Calculate the rank correlation coefficient between the marks of
the two subjects. Hence comment on your answer.
678. The following table gives the order in which six candidates were ranked
in midterm exams and final exam.
Mid term score E C B F D A
Final exam score F A D E B C
Calculate the coefficient of rank correlation and comment on your
results.
INDEX NUMBERS
679. The table below shows the price indices of beans, maize, rice and meat
with corresponding weights.
ITEM Price index 2008 Weight
(2007 = 100%)
Beans 105 4
Maize X 7
Rice 104 2
Meat 113 15
Calculate the;
a) Value of X given the price indices of 2007 and 2008 using
2006 as the base year are 112 and 130 respectively.
b) Weighted price index for 2008 using 2007 as the base year.
680. The table below shows the expenditure (in UGX) of a student during
the first and second terms.

ITEM Expenditure Weight

First term Second term
Clothings 46,500 49,350 5

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Pocket money 55,200 57,500 3

Books 80,000 97,500 8
Using the first term expenditure as the base, calculate the average
weighted price index to one decimal place.
681. The table below shows the price (Shs) and amount of items bought
weekly by a restaurant in 2002 and 2003.
Price (Shs.)
Items 2002 2003 Amount
Milk per litre 400 500 200
Eggs per day 2500 3000 18
Cooking oil per litre 2400 2100 2
Flour per packet 2000 2200 15
Calculate;
a) The weighted aggregate price index taking 2002 as the base year.
b) In 2003, the restaurant spent Shs. 450,000/=. Using the weighted
aggregate price index, find how the restaurant could have spent
in 2002.
682. The following information relates to three products sold by a company
in the year 2001 and 2004.

Product 2001 2004

Quantity in Selling price Quantity in Selling price
thousands per unit thousands per unit
A 76 0.60 72 0.18
B 52 0.75 60 1.00
C 28 1.10 50 1.32
Calculate:
a) Percentage increase in sales over the period.
b) Corresponding percentage increase in income of the period.
683. The table below shows the prices in US dollars and weights of five
components of an engine, in 1998 and 2005.
Components Weight Price(USD)
1998 2005
A 6 35 60
B 5 70 135
C 3 43 105
D 2 180 290

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E 1 480 800
a) Taking 1998 as the base year, calculate the;
i) Simple price aggregate price index
ii) Price relative of each component
iii) Weighted price index
b) Using the price index in (a) (i) estimate the cost of the engine in
1998 if the cost of the engine in 2005 was 1600 USD.
684. The table below shows the prices of items per kg in the year 2005 and
2007.
Item Posho Beans Rice Beef Chicken
Price in 2005 1200 2000 1200 4000 8000
Price in 2007 1600 2500 1600 6000 9500
Calculate for 2007 using 2005 as the base year;
a) Simple price index
b) Simple aggregate price index
685. The price index of an article in 2000 based on 1998 was 130. The price
index for the article in 2000 was 80. Calculate;
a) Price index of the article in 2005 based on 1998.
b) Price of the article in 1998 if the price of the article was UGX 45,000 in
2005.
686. The table below shows the prices and quantities of four items in the
year 2020 and 2021.
Item Price per unit Quantities
2020 2021 2020 2021
A 100 120 36 42
B 110 100 96 88
C 50 65 10 12
D 80 85 11 10
a) Calculate the price index
b) Simple aggregate price index
c) Weighted aggregate price index
d) A,B,C and D are ingredients used to make chapaptti. If in 2020, the
price of chapatti was 600. Calculate the price of chapatti in 2021using
the index in (c) above.
687. The table below shows the prices of items per kg in the year 2001 and 2002.
Item 2001=100 2002

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 67

Price (Shs.) Qty (kg) Price (Shs.) Qty (kg)

Rice 2,800 20 3,200 30
Millet 1,500 10 1,900 10
Beans 2,000 5 2,500 70
Calculate for 2002
a) Price index
b) Simple aggregate price index
c) Single aggregate quantity index
d) Weighted aggregate price index
688. The table below shows the prices in 2010 and 2018.
Item Price in 2010 Price in 2018
Flour per kg. 3,000 5,400
Eggs per dozen 5,000 7,800
Calculate for 2018 using 2010 as the base year
a) Simple price index
b) Simple aggregate price index

DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS
689. The table below shows the frequency distribution of marks obtained in a
mathematics test by a group of students.
a) Calculate the:
i) Mean mark,
ii) Standard deviation ,
iii) Number of students who scored above 54%
b) Draw a cumulative frequency curve and use it to estimate the;
i) 5th decile,
ii) Number of students who passed the test if the pass mark
was 40%
iii) Least mark for a distinction if 10% of the students scored a
distinction.
690. The time, to the nearest seconds taken by 100 students to solve a
problem are as shown below.
Time in seconds 30-49 50-64 65-69 70-74 75-79
No. of students 10 30 25 20 15
Determine the;
(a) mean .

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(b) number of students who took less than 64.5 seconds.

691. The table below shows the speeds in ms-1 for the vehicles crossing a
certain bridge.
Time in seconds 20-<30 30-<40 40-<60 60-<80 80-<100
No. of students 2 7 20 16 5
Calculate the;
a) 40th percentile speed
b) Number of vehicles whose speed exceeds the 40th percentile
mark.
692. The frequency distribution below shows the ages of 240 students
admitted to Makerere University.
Age(years) 18-<19 19-<20 20-<24 24-<26 26-<30 30-<32
No.of Stds 24 70 76 48 16 6
a) Calculate the mean age of the students.
b) i). Draw a histogram for the given data.
ii). Use the histogram to estimate the modal age.
693. A certain frequency distribution with standard deviation 2.5 has the
following results:  f  n ,  f x  177 and  f x 2  5259 . Find the value
of n.
694. The table below shows the length of leaves in (cm) of a certain type of
plant sampled from a forest reserve.
5. 5. 8. 6. 6. 8. 6. 7. 7. 7.
4 5 1 0 5 4 3 0 5 8
5. 5. 5. 6. 6. 6. 7. 6. 7. 6.
7 6 1 6 7 1 2 6 9 7
7. 7. 5. 6. 8. 6. 7. 6. 7. 5.
4 1 7 7 6 9 3 3 5 9
6. 7. 6. 5. 6. 6. 7. 6. 7. 6.
4 1 8 3 7 4 4 4 9 7
7. 6. 8. 6. 6. 6. 5. 6. 8. 8.
4 4 2 3 8 8 8 7 6 4
a) Form a frequency table with class intervals of 0.5 starting with
5.0 as the lowest.
b) Calculate the;
i). mean
ii). standard deviation of the leaves

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c) Draw a histogram to represent the above data and use it to

estimate the modal length.
695. Study the frequency table below;
Marks 0  10 10  15  25  40  50  60
Number of children 8 10 25 15 4 2
a) Calculate the;
1. mean mark
2. modal mark
b) Plot a cumulative frequency curve and use it to estimate the 10th to
80th percentile deviation.
696. The table below shows the number of children in 100 families in a
certain village during the 2024 national population census.
Number of children 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Number of families 8 9 16 25 20 12 6 4
Calculate the;
a) Mean number of children per family
b) Standard deviation.
697. Show that the variance of n one’s, 6 two’s and 7 threes is a factor of the
reciprocal of n  13 .
698. The table below shows the distribution of a random sample of 100 sales
of unleaded petrol at a petrol station.
Volume (in litres) of petrol Number of
sales
09 15
10  19 38
20  29 22
30  39 15
40  49 8
50  59 2
Draw a cumulative frequency curve for the data and use it to estimate
the;
a) Median volume of the unleaded petrol sold.
b) 40th percentile of the volume of unleaded petrol sold.
699. The table below gives a survey data for land ownership is square metres
owned in Shisakulu trading center.
Landsize (m2) Frequency

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 70

21 25 2
26  30 8
31 35 17
36  40 26
41 50 24
51 65 16
66  75 6
a) Draw a cumulative frequency curve and use it to estimate the
semi-inter-quartile range.
b) Find the;
i). mode
ii). standard deviation of the sizes.
700. The table below the marks scored by some students in mathematics test
at a certain contest.
Marks No. of students
10  15 2
15  20 8
20  30 17
30  35 26
35  40 24
40  50 16
50  60 6
60  65 1
a) Calculate the mean and median
b) Draw a histogram and use it to estimate the modal mark
c) Find the number of students who passed, given that the pass
mark was 37.

PROBABILITY THEORY

701. Two events A and B are such that PA   0.7 , PB  0.4 and
PA / B  0.3 . Determine;
a) the probability that either A or B occurs.
b) PA /A  B .
702. Two events are such that PA   0.7 , PB  0.2 and PA / B  0.1 . Find;
a) PA  B b) PA  B'

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703. Events A and B are such that 3PA  B  2PA  B  PA  B  x and

PA  
3
. Use a venn diagram to find;
5
a) The value of x.
b) P( A or B but not both A and B)
704. Events A and B are such that PA   0.4 ,  B  0.8
PA and
PA  B  0.25 , find;
a) PA  B' b) PA'B c) PB' / A'
705. Two events M and N are such that PM'N  2y , PM  N'   y and

PM  
6
. Use a venn diagram to find;
7
a) Value of y. b) PM  N
706. Given that PA  B  0.8 , PA / B  0.2 and PA'B  0.4 . Find;
a) PA  B b) P( A)
PB  P A  
7 3
707. Events A and B are such that , and
20  B 7
 
2PA   3P A  B . Find;

a) PA  B b) PA 
708. Given that A and B are independent events such that:
a) PA  B'  b) PA'B' 
709.  
The events A and B are such that P A B  0.4 . 5PA   8PB and
PA  B  0.12 . Find;

a) PB to three d.p.s. b) PA  B .

Events A and B are such that PA   , PB A   and PA  B  .
3 1 9
710.
5 3 20
Find: (a). PB (b). PA  B
Given that PB A   , PB A'   and PA'B'   . Find;
1 5 3
711.
3 8 20
PA  (b) PA  B' 

Given that PA   , PA / B  and PB / A   ;

3 5 2
712.
5 7 3
a) State with reasons whether or not A and B are;
i). independent events
ii). mutually exclusive events

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b) Find;
i) PA  B
ii) PB
iii) 
P A/B 
713. Two events X and Y are such that PX  
2
5
  1
2
 
2
, P X Y  and P Y X  ,
3
find;
a) PX  Y'
b) 
P Y'
X'

714. A box P contains 3 red and 5 black balls, while another box Q contains 6
red and 4 black balls. A box is chosen at random and from it a ball is picked
and put in another box. A ball is then randomly drawn from the later. Find
the probability that;
a) Both balls are red
b) First ball drawn is black given that the balls picked were of different
colors.
715. Three machines A,B and C produce solar bulbs in the ratio 30%, 60%
and 10%. Of those produced by machine A, 25% are colored, that of B
is 30% and that of C is 70%. Find the probability that a bulb selected at
random is;
a) colored.
b) produced by C given that it is not coloured.
716. Dafy, Eli and Fabio are members of an amateur cycling club that holds
a time trial each Sunday during summer. The independent probabilities
that Dafy, Eli and Fabio take part in any one of these trials are 0.6, 0.7
and 0.8 respectively. Find the probability that, on a particular Sunday
during the summer:
a) none of the three cyclists takes part.
b) exactly one of the three cyclists takes part.
717. Box A contains 3 red and 4 black balls, and box B contains 3 red and 2
black balls. One ball is selected from A at random and placed into B. A
ball is then selected at random from B and placed into A. if thereafter, a
ball is randomly picked from A, find the probability that both balls
picked are black.
718. The table below shows the number of apples put in boxes A,B and C.
Apples Boxes

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A B C
Green 4 7 3
Red 7 5 11
A box is randomly selected and two apples are selected from it without
replacement. Box A is twice as likely to be picked as B. While A and C
have the same chance of being picked.
Determine the probability that both apples are;
a) Of the same colour.
b) From box B, given they are of the same colour.
719. The probability that John listens to a certain radio station is 0.52 and the
probability that he listens to A and not to another radio station B is 0.45. the
probability that he listens to neither of the radio stations is 0.20. Find the
probability that he listens to radio station B.
720. Calculate the the probability of arranging the letters of the word
“MATHEMATICIAN” in a row such that:
a) the A’s are separated.
b) each word begins and ends with “M”.
c) every word strictly begins with “HE” in that order.
721. A bag initially contains 2 red balls and 3 black balls. A trial consists of
selecting a ball at random noticing its colour and replacing it together with an
additional ball of the same colour.
Given that three trials are made. Find the probability that
a) At least two black are drawn
b) The last ball picked in the second black.

DISCRETE RANDOM VARIABLES

722. A discrete random variable has probability density function;

 x
 ; x  1,2,3,... n
PX  x    k

 0; elsewhere
where k is a constant.
If EX  3
Find
a. the value of n.
b. the value of k

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723. A random variable X takes the integer value x with Px  defined by
PX  1  P(X  2)  PX  3  kx 2 , PX  4  P(X  5)  PX  6  k7  x 2
Find the;
a) value of the constant 𝑘, hence sketch the graph of f x  .
b) EY  and Var (Y) where Y  4X  2 .
724. The table below shows the number of apples put in boxes A,B and C.
Apples Boxes
A B C
Green 4 7 3
Red 7 5 11
A box is randomly selected and two apples are selected from it without
replacement. Box A is twice as likely to be picked as B. While A and C
have the same chance of being picked.
If X is the number of green apples taken, construct the probability
density function of X, hence find the mean and standard deviation.

725. The discrete random variable, X, has a probability function PX  x  ,

defined by
0.15; x  3,2,
 k;  1,0

PX  x   
 0.1; x  1,2,
 0; elsewhere
where k is a constant

Determine the:

a. value of k,
b. cumulative distribution of X and sketch its graph.
726. The discrete random variable X has a probability function;
 kx
 x 2  1 ; x  2,3
 

 2kx
PX  x    2 ; x  4,5

 x 1 
 0; otherwise


20
a) Show that the value of k is .
33

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 75

b) Find the probability that X is less than 3 or greater than 4.

c) Find F3.2 .
d) Find EX and Var X .
727. The discrete random variable X takes integer values only and has p.d.f;
kx; x  1,2,3,4,5

PX  x    k 10  x ; x  6,7,8,9
 0;
 elsewhere
Find;
e) The value of the constant k.
f) EX
g) Var X
h) E2X  3
i) Var 2X  3
728. A random variable X that takes on only integral values has a p.d.f
defined by;
 1  x
  ; 1  x  5
 2 
f x    c; x6
 0; otherwise


where c is a constant.
Determine the value of c and hence the mode and the mean of X.
729. The discrete random variable X has a p.d.f PX  x   k x , where x takes
the values -3,-2,-1,0,1,2,3.
Find;
a) the value of the constant k. (Ans: 1/12)
b) EX (Ans: 0)
c) the standard deviation of X. (Ans: 2.45)
730. The discrete random variable X has a distribution function FX where
x
 1 
FX   1  1  x  for x  1,2,3,4
 4 
Show that F3  and F2 
63 3
a)
64 4
b) Obtain the probability distribution of X
d) Find EX and Var X (Ans: 2 1 64 and 0.547)

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e) Find PX  EX (Ans: 1/4)

731. A discrete random variable X has a probability function
 x
 ; x  1,2,3,..., n
P( X  x )   k

 0; otherwise
Where k and n are real numbers.
Given that the expectation of X is 3, find
a) The values of n and k. (Ans
b) The median and variance of X
c) PX  2 / X  2 (Ans: 2/9)
732. A discrete variable X has its p.d.f given by
 k
 ; x  1,2,3
P( X  x )   x

 0; elsewhere
Find:
a) The value of constant k,
b) EX  1 .
2

c) Median,
d) 3rd decile.
733. A discrete random variable X, has the following probability
distribution.
x 0 1 2 3
PX  x  2 1 1 3
5 5 10 10
Find;
a) E4X  9
b) Var 4X  9

BINOMIAL DISTRIBUTION
734. A biased coin is tossed six times. The coin is such that the ratio of the
likelihood of the tail to the head occurring is 1:2. Determine the
probability of getting:
a) At least 5 heads.
b) Between 1 and 3 tails.
735. The probability that a person vaccinated against COVID-19 falls sick is
0.4. if a group of 25 persons are checked at random, find the probability
that not more than 20 patients are found to be vaccinated.

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736. A die is tossed 15 times and the probability of getting a four on any one
toss is 0.25. Estimate the probability of getting;
a) between 3 and 8 fours.
b) at most 7 fours.
737. Three fair tetrahedral, dice are tossed at once. If x is the number of
times the figure 4 appears at the bottom, find the standard deviation of
x.
738. A hotel has 50 single rooms, 16 of which are on the ground floor. The
hotel offers guests a choice of full English breakfast, a continental
breakfast or no breakfast. The probabilities of these choices being made
are 0.45, 0.25 and 0.30 respectively. It may be assumed that the choice
of breakfast is independent from guest to guest.
a) On a particular morning there are 16 guests, each occupying a
single room on the ground floor. Calculate the probability that
exactly 5 of these guests require a full English breakfast.
b) On a particular morning when there are 50 guests, each
occupying a single room, determine the probability that;
c. at most 12 of these guests require a continental breakfast.
d) more than 10 but fewer than 20 of these guests require no breakfast.
739. In any trial, the probability that a head occurs when a coin is tossed is
three times the probability that a tail occurs. The coin is tossed 15 times,
calculate the probability that a head will occur at least 7 times.
740. The probability that a marksman aims and hits a target with a single
shot is 0.4. if the marksman is given 25 bullets, find the probability that
he hits the target:
a) exactly 8 times,
b) between 9 and 15 times inclusive.
741. A biased coin is tossed 12 times, the coin is such that the ratio of the
head to the tail to land on top is 1:3. Find the probability of getting;
a) at most 4 heads.
b) between 6 and 10 heads.
742. A batch of 10 nails is drawn from a machine output of which is 40%
defective. Find the probability that the batch contains;
a) No defective nails,
b) More than five defective nails.
743. In a certain paper, there are 8 questions each of which has five suggested
answers with only one of them correct. If a candidate answers all the

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questions by guess work such that she is equally likely to chose any of the
five alternatives, Find;
a) The probability that he answers at least 3 of the questions
correctly.
b) The expected number of questions that he will fail.

CONTINUOUS RANDOM VARIABLES

744. A continuous random variable X has a probability density function given

by ;
 x2
 ;
 27 0  x  
1
f x    ;   x  
 3 otherwise
 0;

Find the value of  and  .
745. A continuous random variable X is uniformly distributed over the interval
  x   . Given that EX  2 and PX  3  . Find the;
5
8
a) values of  and  .
b) p.d.f of X.
746. The probability density function f x  of a random variable is defined by;
cx  3; 0  x  2

f x   c7  x ; 2  x  4
 0; elsewhere

a) Sketch the function f(x) and hence use your sketch to find the
value of c.
b) Determine the expectation, EX .
c) Find P1  X  3
747. A continuous Random variable X has probability density function f x  that
is as indicated below.
x 2
3  3; 2  x  3

f x    a; 3 x 5
 2  bx 5  x  6

 0; otherwise

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 79

where a and b are constants.

Determine the;
a) values of a and b,
b) cumulative distribution function, Fx  .
c) hence from (b) above P2.5  X  3.5
748. The distribution function of a continuous random variable is as follows:
 0; x 1
 1


x  1 ;
2
1 x  3
Fx    2

1
x    x 2 ; 3  x  7
 24

 1 x7
Find the;
a) Values of  and  .
b) Probability density function of X.
c) Mean,  of the distribution.
749. A continuous random variable X has a cumulative probability function
given by;
 
log 2 x k ; 0  x  e
Fx   
 1; xe
a) Show that k  ln 2
b) Obtain the p.d.f of X.
750. The random variable X has a p.d.f given by
 
kx 1  x 2 ; 0  x  1
f x   
 0; elsewhere
where; k is a constant.
a) Find the cumulative distribution function, Fx  .
b) Using your answer in (a) above, find the;
i). value of k
ii). median of X.
c) Calulate the mean of X.
751. X is a continuous random variable whose distribution function is given
by;
 
a x 2  1 ; 1  x  2

Fx    a  bx 2  x  3
 1 x3


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 80

a) Find the constants a and b; hence sketch the graph of Fx  .

b) Compute; PX  2.5 X  1.5
c) Calculate, EX the mean of X.
752. The continuous random variable X is distinguished between the values
x  0 and x  2 and has a probability density function ax 2  bx with the
mean 1.25. Find;
a) the values of a and b and hence f x  .
b) the mode of X.
753. A continuous random variable X has a p.d.f given by;

0x
a1  cos x ; 2
 
f x    a sin x;  x 
 2
 0; elsewhere
Find the;
a) the value of a.
b) the mean
 3 
c) P  x  .
3 4 
754. The cumulative distribution function of a continuous random variable X
is given by;
 0; x  1
1  x
 ; 1  x  0
8
1  3x

Fx    0x2
 8
 5 x 2  x  3
 8
 1; x3
a) Sketch the graph of the probability density function f(x).
b) Determine the expectation and the variance of X.
c) Determine PX  1/ X  0.5
755. A continuous random variable has a probability distribution given by;

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 81

 0; x0
 x 2
0  x 1
 ;
 4
Fx    1
1 x  2
qx - ;
 4
p5  x x  1; 1  x  2

 1; x3
a) Find the values of p and q.
b) Determine;
(i) f x 
(ii) EX
756. A continuous random variable has a p.d.f illustrated by;
f(x)
2k

-1 0 1 3 x
a) Determine the expression for f(x) hence or otherwise find the
value of k.
b) Find the;
i). mean of X.
ii). P0  X  1/ X  0 .
757. The probability density function of a random variable X is as shown in
the graph below.

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 82

f(x)
2k

0 2 4 x
Find the;
a) Value of k, and the p.d.f f(x).
b) Cummulative probability function F(x) and use F(x) to find
P1  x  3
758. The weekly demand for petrol in thousands of units in a university is a
continuous random variable with a probability density function of the
form;
ax 2 d  x ; 0  x  1
f x   
 0; elsewhere
a) Given that the average demand per week is 600 units, determine
the values of a and d.
b) Find P0.9  x  1
759. The continuous random variable 𝑌 has a cumulative distribution function
given by;
 0; y 1
 2 2
 
Fx   Ay y  1 ;1  y  2
 y2
 1;
Find the:
a) value of A.
b) 90th Percentile
c) f x  , probability density function of Y.
d) EX 
e) Var 2Y  3
760. A random variable X has a cumulative distribution function given
below.

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 83

 0; x0 Find;
 ax; 0  x  1

Fx    x a) The value of a and b,
 3  b; 1  x  2 (Ans: 2/3, 1/3)
 1;
 x2 b) Px  1.5/ x  1
c) Mean of X.

761. A continuous random variable X has a probability density function;

function;

 k; 0x2

f x   k 2x  3; 2  x  3
 0; otherwise


Find

a) the value of k.
b) the cumulative mass function Fx  ;
c) the median
d) sketch Fx 
762. The continuous random variable X has a cumulative distribution
function
 0; x2
x  3
Fx    ; 3  x  11
 8
 1; x  11
Find
a) EX
b) Var X
763. A continuous random variable X, is such that X ~ Ra, b .
Show that;
a) E2X  b  a  2b
 X  1 ab
2

Var    
b)  a  b  12  a  b 
x a
c) The cumulative mass function of X, Fx   ;a  x  b
ba

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764. In a certain school, the response time of students to the assembly bells is
7
uniformly distributed with mean 13 minutes and standard deviation
3
.Find the probability that a student chosen at random will respond
between 8 and 14 minutes after the bell is rung.
765. In a particular month, the volume of rainfall ml followed a uniform
distribution between 4 ml and b ml. if the mean volume of rain for that
month is 4.5, find the;
a) value of b.
b) standard deviation of the volume of rain.
766. The continuous random variable X is uniformly distributed in the
interval a  x  b . The lower quartile mark is 5 and the upper quartile is
9. Find the;
a) Values of a and b
b) P6  X  7
c) Cummulative distribution function of X.
767. The number of patients visiting a certain hospital is uniformly
distributed between 150 and 210.
a) Write down the probability density function for the number of
patients.
b) Find P170  x  194 .
768. A continuous random variable has cumulative distribution function;
 0; x 1
x 1
2

  x; 1  x  2
Fx    2
 3x  x ; 2  x  3
2

 2
 1; x3
Find the;
a) Probability density function, f x  and sketch it.
b) P1.2  x  2.4
c) Mean of X.
769. The continuous random variable X has a probability density function
given by;
k x  3;  3  x  3
f x   
 0; elsewhere
where k is a constant;

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1
a) Show that k 
18
b) Find EX and Var X
c) Find the lower quartile of X.
d) Let Y  aX  b , where a and b are constants with a  0 . Find the
values of a and b for which EY   0 and Var ( Y)  1 .
770. A continuous random X has a cumulative distribution Fx  illustrated
as follows;
F(x)
1

-2 0 3 x

Find;

a) The probability density function f x  .

b) The standard deviation of X.
c) The inter-quartile range.
d) The 20th percentile.
771. A continuous random variable has a p.d.f
 k; 0x2

f x   k 2x  3; 2  x  3
 0; otherwise

a) Sketch f x 
b) Find;
(i) the value of k
(ii) the semi-interquartile range.
(iii) P0  X  2 X  1

NORMAL DISTRIBUTION, NORMAL APPROXIMATION TO

BINOMIAL DISTRIBUTION AND ESTIMATION

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772. The number of people infected by a certain type of disease is normally

distributed with mean 5.6 people and variance 2.25. if a random sample
of 100 people is taken, find the probability that the mean number of
people infected
a) lies between 5 and 6.1
b) is greater than 5.7
773. The diameter of a sample of oranges to the nearest cm were:
Diameter (cm) 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
Frequency 9 15 21 32 19 13 11
a) Calculate the mean and standard deviation. (11,1.6633)
b) Assuming the distribution is normal, find the minimum diameter
if the smallest 10% of the oranges are rejected for being too small.
774. The random variable X is distributed normally with mean  and
standard deviation  such that PX  35  0.2 and P35  X  45  0.65 .
Find;
a) values of  and 
b) P1  X  3
775. The marks in an examination were normally distributed with mean  and
standard deviation  . 30% of the candidates scored more than 60 marks and
55% scored between 35 and 60 marks. Find the;
a) values of  and 
b) percentage of candidates who scored more than 50 marks.
776. A total population of 700 students sat an examination for which the pass
mark was 50. The marks were normally distributed. 28 students scored
below 40 marks while 30 scored above 60.
a) Find the mean mark and standard deviation of the students.
b) What is the probability that a student chosen at random passed
the examination?
c) Suppose the pass mark is lowered by 2 marks, how many more
students will pass?
777. An examination has 100 questions. A student ha 60% chance of getting
each question correct. A student fails the examination for a mark less
than 55. A student gets a distinction for a mark 68 or more. Calculate
the probability that a student:
a) Fails the examination
b) Gets a distinction

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778. In a school of 800 students their average weight is 54.5 kg and standard
deviation 6.8kg. If the weights of all the students in the school assume a
normal distribution, find the;
a) Probability that a student picked at random weighs 52,8 or less
kg.
b) Number of students who weigh over 75 kg.
c) Weight range of the middle 56% of the students of the school.
779. A die is tossed 40 times and the probability of getting a six on any one
toss is 0.122. Estimate the probability of getting between 6 and 10 sixes.
780. The marks in an examination were normally distributed with mean 
and standard deviation  . 20% of the candidates scored less than 40
marks and 10% scored more than 75 marks. Find the;
a) Value of  and  .
b) Percentage of the candidates who scored more than 50 marks.
781. The time required to complete a certain car journey has been found
from experience to have mean of 2 hours 20 minutes and standard
deviation of 15 minutes. What is the probability that on one day chosen
at random the journey requires between 1 hour 50 minutes and 2 hours
40 minutes?
782. The marks in an examination were found to be normally distributed
with mean 53.9 and standard deviation 16.5. 20% of the candidates
who sat for the examination failed. Find the pass mark for the
examination.
783. The weights of ball bearings are normally distributed with mean
25grams and standard deviation 4 grams. If a random sample of 16
ball bearings is taken, find the probability that the mean of the sample
lies between 24.12 grams and 26.73 grams.
784. A random sample of 76 electrical components produced by a certain
manufacturer has resistance r1 , r2 ,... r76 ohms. Where  ri  740 and

r  8,216 . Calculate the;

2
i

a) Unbiased estimate of the population variance.

b) 91.86% confidence interval for the mean resistance of the
electrical components produced
785. The germination time for a certain species of seeds is known to be
normally distributed. If for as given batch of the seeds, 20% take more
than 6 days to germinate and 10% take less than 4 days to germinate.

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a) Determine the mean and standard deviation of the germination

time.
b) Find the 99% confidence limit of the mean germination time.
786. A random sample of ten packets is taken. These have masses (measured
in kg) of x1, x 2 ,..., x10 such that;  x i  2.57 and  x i2  0.6610 .
i 1 i 1

Calculate the 95% confidence limits for the mean.

787. Packets of a poultry drug are normally distributed. If 63%of the packets
are found to be above 200g while 54% of the packets are below 250g.
Find the;
a) Mean and standard deviation
b) Percentage of packets exceeding 195g.
788. The chance that a tree is eaten up by the army caterpillars in one day is
0.72. if 100 trees are chosen at random, find the 95% confidence limits
for the mean number of tree leaves that will be eaten up.
789. The lengths of iron sheets produced in a certain factory are normally
distributed. Given that 10% of the sheets are of lengths less than 2.4m
and 20% are of lengths more than 2.68m, find the;
a) the mean and variance of the distribution.
b) the percentage of iron sheets that would be expected to be of
lengths less than 2.55m.
790. A random sample of 10 newly born babies in a certain hospital had
amean weight of 3.36kg and standard deviation 0f 0.96kg. Construct a
99% confidence interval for the mean weight of the babies in the
hospital.
791. It is estimated that on average one match in five in the football league is
drawn. If ninety matches are selected at random. What is the
probability that between 13 and 20 inclusive of the matches are drawn.
792. The mean and standard deviation of a random sample of size 100 is 900
and 60 respectively. Given that the population is normally distributed,
find a 95% confidence interval of the population mean.
793. On day one of the Coachella music festival, the height of the revelers
can be modeled into a normal distribution with mean 1.75 m and
variance 0.0064 m2. A draw is to be carried out and it is decided that
one should have a height greater than 1.67 m but less than 1.83m to
participate.
(a) Find the:

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i. Percentage of the people who qualify to take part in the draw.

ii. Fraction that is rejected because they are too tall.
(b) By day three of the event, the heights of the people present are
normally distributed with mean 𝜇, and standard deviation 0.085m.
When the criteria used to select participants is not altered, 3.5% of the
revelers are rejected because they are too short. Find the:
i. value of 𝜇
ii. probability that a reveler whose height exceeds the mean qualifies
to take part in the draw.
794. A random sample of size 9 drawn from a normally distributed
population has the following values: 297.5,
298.7,596.5,300,297.4,596.6,297.5,300.5,300. Determine a 99%
confidence interval for the population mean. 245.3841,4 84.5493 

LINEAR MOTION AND PROJECTILES

795. Find the angle of projection of a ball which is thrown at 20ms 1 , and is
at its greatest height when it just passes over the top of a building that is
16m high.
796. A ball is projected from level ground with a speed of 25 2 ms-1 at an
elevation of 45o passes just above the top of two vertical posts each of
height 30m. Find the distance between these posts.
797. A ball is projected from a point A and falls at a point B which is in level
with A and at a distance of 160m from A. the greatest height of the ball
attained is 40m. find the;
a) Angle and velocity at which the ball is projected.
b) Time taken for the ball to attain its greatest height.
798. Two stations A and B are a distance of 6x m apart along a straight track.
A train starts from rest at A and accelerates uniformly to speed v m/s
covering a distance of x m. The train then maintains this speed until it
has travelled a further 3x m. it then retards uniformly to rest at B. Make
a sketch of the velocity- time graph for the motion and show that if T is
9x
the time taken for the train to travel from A to B, then T  seconds.
v
799. A boy throws a ball at an initial sped of 40 ms-1 at an angle of elevation,
 . Show, taking g to be 10 ms-2, that the times of flight corresponding
to a horizontal range of 80m are positive roots of the equation
T 4  64T 2  256  0 .

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800. A stone projected at an angle  to the horizontal with speed, u ms-1 just
clears a vertical wall 4m high and 10m from the point of projection
when travelling horizontally. Find the;
a) Angle of projection
b) Time taken to reach that point.
801. A projected particle achieves the greatest range of 0.12km. Find the ;
a) Speed of projection.
b) Greatest height attained.
802. A particle is projected with a speed of 36 ms-1 at angle of 40o to the
horizontal from a point 0.5m above the level ground. It just clears a
wall which is 70metres on the horizontal plane from the point of
projection. Find the:
b) (i) time taken fro the particle to reach the wall.
(ii) Height of the wall.
b) Maximum height reached by the particle from the point of
projection.
803. A particle is projected vertically upwards with velocity of 19.6 ms -1.
Find how far it takes the particle to be at the height of 10m above the
point of projection.
804. A stone is projected from the top of a cliff of height 25m with an initial
speed of 12 ms-1 at angle of 60oto the vertical. Find the time it takes the
stone to hit the sea level.
805. A particle is projected horizontally from a point 2.5m above a
horizontal surface. The particle hits the surface at a point which is
horizontally 10m from the point of projection. Find the initial speed of
projection.
806. A particle is projected upwards with a velocity of 20ms-1. Find the:
c) greatest height attained.
d) Time taken by the particle to reach maximum height
e) Time of flight.
807. A car is travelling at 20ms-1, the driver observes an obstacle that is a
distance of 30m away and starts braking. If he manages to stop just at
the obstacle, determine the;
a) retardation
b) time it takes to stop
808. A driver of a car travelling at 72 km h-1 notices a tree which has fallen
across the road, 800m ahead and suddenly reduces the speed to 36 km

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 91

h-1 by applying the brakes. For how long did the driver apply the
brakes?
809. A ball is thrown vertically upwards from a point A, with initial speed of
21ms-1, and is later caught again at A. find the length of time for which
the ball was in air.
810. A bullet is fired vertically upwards at a speed of 147ms-1. Find the
length of time for which the bullet is at least 980m above the level of
projection.
811. A taxi accelerates uniformly from rest at 1 ms-2. At the same time, a
passenger is 4m behind the taxi runs with constant speed after the taxi
and just manages to catch up with it. Find the speed of the passenger.
812. Points A,B and C lie along a straight line. A particle accelerating
uniformly at 0.5 ms-2 is projected from A towards C with a velocity of 2
ms-1 and after 1 second another particle is projected from C towards A
with a velocity of 6 ms-1 and a constant retardation of 2ms-2. Given that
the particles passed each other at B while moving with the same speed,
find the distance BC.
813. Two points P and Q are x metres apart, a particle starts from rest at P
and moves directly to Q with uniform acceleration a ms-2 until it
acquires a speed of v ms-1. It maintains this speed fro T seconds and
x v
then brought to rest at Q under retardation a ms-2. Prove that T   .
v a
814. A smooth inclined plane of length L and height h is fixed on a
horizontal plane. Show that the velocity with which a particle must be
projected down the plane from the top in order that it may reach the
horizontal plane in the same time as a particle let fall from the top is;
 g 
L2  h 2  
 2h 
u
L
815. A stone is thrown vertically upwards with a speed u ms 1 . A second
stone is also projected from the same point with the same speed but T
 4u 2  g 2 T 2 
seconds later. Prove that they collide at a distance   above
 8g 
the point of projection.

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816. There are two possible angles of projection  and  for which a particle
projected with speed of 30ms-1 from point (0,0) to pass through another
point (40,10). Show that tan    
36
.
25
817. Two stations P and Q are 2.5km apart. A train passes P at a speed of
14ms-1 and accelerates uniformly for 20s to a speed v1. Over the next
720m covered in 15s, its acceleration alters to a speed v2. It travels at
this speed for 13s and then over the next 500m covered in 10s with
uniform deceleration its speed at Q is v3. Find the:
a) Values of v1 , v2 , and v3
b) Acceleration for the second part of the motion
c) Fraction of the whole distance covered with constant speed.
818. A gun is fired from the top of a cliff of height h and the shot attained a
maximum height of (h  b) above sea level and strikes the sea level a
distance a from the foot of the cliff. Prove that the angle of elevation of
the gun is given by the equation a 2 tan 2   4ab tan   4bh  0 .
819. A and B are two points such that B is h m vertically above A. From A,
a particle is projected vertically upwards with velocity U. At the same
time another particle is projected with velocity V vertically upwards
from B. If the particles collide at C above B, prove that
Uh gh 2
AC   .
U  V 2U  V 2
820. A ball is projected so as just to clear two walls, the first of height a and
at a distance b from the point of projection and the second of height b at
a distance a from the point of projection. Show that the range on
a 2  ab  b 2
horizontal plane is and that the angle of projection exceeds
ab
tan 1 3 .
821. A particle is projected at an angle of elevation 60 o with a speed of 20
ms-1 . If the point of projection is 8m above the horizontal ground, find
the horizontal distance that the particle travels before striking the
ground.
822. A ball is projected from a point A and falls at a point B which is level
with A and at a distance of 160m from A. the greatest height of the ball
attained is 40m. Find the:
a) Angle and velocity at which the ball is projected.
b) Time taken for the ball to attain its greatest height.

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823. A particle is projected from level ground at an angle of elevation  with

initial speed u ms-1. Show that the equation of its path is given by
gx 2 1  tan 2  
y  x tan  
2u 2

824. A ball kicked from level ground with a speed of 30 ms -1 just clears a
vertical wall 9m high and 72m away. Calculate the possible angles of
projection.
825. The horizontal and vertical components of the initial velocity of a
particle projected from a point O on a horizontal plane are p and Q
respectively.
a) Express the vertical distance y, travelled in terms of the
horizontal distance x. find the components of p and q.
b) Find the greatest height, h, attained and the range ,R, on the
4HxR  x 
horizontal plane through O. Hence show that y  .
R2
Given that the particle passes through the point (20,80) and H =
100m find the velocity of projection.
826. A particle is projected at an angle of elevation 30o with a speed of 21
ms-1. If the point of projection is 5m above the horizontal ground, find
the horizontal distance that the particle travels before striking the
ground.
827. A ball is projected at an angle with a speed of 14 10ms 1 from the top of
a tower 200m high hits the ground at a point 200m away from the foot
of the tower.
a) Show that the two possible directions of projection are at right
angles to each other
b) Find the two possible times of flight.
828. A particle is projected from the origin O with velocity
u  9.8i  29.4 j ms 1 and moves freely under gravity.
a) Find the particle’s velocity and position vector after t seconds
3x 2
b) Show that the particle’s equation of path is given by y  3x 
98
c) Find the direction in which the particle is moving after t seconds
d) Find the two times when the direction in which the particle is
moving is at right angles with the line joining the position of the
particle to O.

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829. A particle is projected from level ground towards a vertical pole, 4m

high and 30m away from the point of projection. It just passes the pole
in one second. Find:
a) its initial speed and angle of projection
b) the distance beyond the pole where the particle will fall.
830. A and B are two points on level ground. A vertical tower of height 4h
has its base at A . Another tower of height h has its base at B. A stone
is thrown horizontally with speed V from the top of the taller tower
3
towards the smaller tower, it lands at a point X where AX  AB .
4
When a stone is thrown horizontally with speed U from the top of the
smaller tower towards the taller tower, it also lands at X. Show that
3U  2V .

FORCE AND RESULTANTS OF FORCES

831. Forces of 7N, 6N , 10N , 13N and 15N act along lines BA,BC,DC, DA
and diagonal AC respectively of a rectangle ABCD. Their directions
are in the order of their letters with AD as the horizontal if AB  3a ,
BC  4a . Find the resultant of the system of forces and the distance
from A at which its line of action cuts AD.
832. a) ABC is an isosceles triangle right angled at A with AB  2m . Forces
of 8N, 4N and 6N act along the sides BA, CB and CA respectively.
Find the magnitude and direction of the resultant force.
833. In a square ABCD, three forces of magnitude 4N, 10N and 7N act
along AB, AD and CA respectively. Their direction are in the order of
the letters. Find the magnitude of the resultant force.
834. ABCD is a square of side 4m. Forces of magnitude 7N, 3N , 5 2 N
and 2 2 N act along AB , BC , CA and BD respectively. Show that
the system of these forces reduce to a couple.
835. A square ABCD of side 4m has forces of magnitude 8N, 3N, 3N, 4N
and 2 2N acting along AB, CB, DA, CD and BD respectively. Taking
AB and AD as x and y axes respectively,
a) Find the distance from A where the line of action of the resultant
crosses AB.
b) When a couple of magnitude M is introduced, the force system is
reduced to a single force passing through B. Find M and its direction.

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836. A particle of weight 50N is supported by two light inextensible strings

of lengths 8m and 13m attached to two fixed points 15m apart on a
horizontal beam. Find the tensions in each string.
837. The ends P and Q of a light inextensible string PBCQ are fastened to
two fixed points on a horizontal beam. Particles of mass 3kg and 4kg
are attached to the string at the points B and C respectively. If PB is
inclined at 45o to the horizontal and PBC  150o , find the;
a) tension in each portion of the string
b) angle CQ makes with the horizontal
838. Three boys are pulling a heavy trolley by means of three ropes. The
boy in the middle is exerting a pull of 100N. The other two boys,
whose ropes both make an angle of 30o with the centre rope, are
pulling with forces 80N and 140N. Determine the magnitude of the
resultant pull on the trolley.
839. ABCDEF is a regular hexagon of side 2 m. Forces of 3.5N, 4N, 6N, 1.5N,
3N and 2N act along the sides AB, BC, CD, ED, FE and FA respectively
with the direction of the forces being indicated by the direction of letters.
Find the;
a) magnitude and direction of the resultant force.
b) Equation of line of action of the resultant force and hence or
otherwise find where it cuts AB.
840. ABCDE is a regular hexagon of side 4m. forces of magnitude 1N, 2n,
4N, 3N, 1N and 2N act along the sides AB,BC,CD,ED,FE and AF
respectively, the order of the letters indicating the direction of the
forces. Taking AB and AE as x and y reference axes respectively, find
(a) The magnitude and direction of the resultant force.
(b) The equation of the line of action of the resultant force hence find
the distance from A where the resultant force cuts side AB.
 0  0 0 0
841. The forces   ,   ,   and   N act at points p,1 , 2,3 , 4,5 and
 2  4  3 a

6,1 respectively. The resultant is  N at point (1,1). Find the values
0
 3
of a and p.
842. ABCDE is a regular pentagon of side 4m. Forces of magnitude 2N, 3n
5N and 7N act along AB,BC,CD and EB respectively. The resultant of
this system of forces cuts AB produced at H. Taking A as the origin
and AB as the x-axis,

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 96

a) find magnitude and direction of the resultant force

b) show that the length AH = 15.34 m correct to 4.s.f.
c) find the perpendicular distance from A to the line of action of the
resultant force.
843. A square ABCD of side 4m has forces of magnitude 8N, 3N, 3N, 4N
and 2 2N acting along AB, CB, DA, CD and BD respectively. Taking
AB and AD as x and y axes respectively,
a) find the distance from A where the line of action of the resultant
crosses AB.
b) when a couple of magnitude M is introduced, the force system is
reduced to a single force passing through B. find M and its direction.
844. Coplanar forces 3i  3 j N , 4i  5 j N ,  5i  2 j N and 2i  3 j N
act at points with position vectors 3i  j m , i  3 j m ,  2i  j m and
 2i  2 j m respectively.
a) Find the resultant force and find where its line of action cuts the
x-axis.
b) A couple of moment bNm acting anticlockwise and a force
 pi  qj N acting at a point with position vector 2i  j m are now
added to the above system. If these reduce the system to equilibrium,
find the values of p,q and b.
845. Four forces ai  a  1j , 3i  2aj , 5i  6 j and  i  2 j Newtons have their
resultant acting in the direction making an angle of 45o with the
horizontal. Find the value of a. Hence determine the magnitude of the
resultant force.
 3    3
846. Forces F1    N , and F2    N act at points (6,1) and (4,1)
  5  5 
respectively. Show that the forces reduce to a couple and find the
moment of a couple.
847. ABCDEF is a rectangular hexagon of side 2m. Forces of 2N, 3N, 4N
and 5n act along AC, AE, AF, and ED respectively. Taking AB as the
horizontal, find the magnitude and direction of the resultant force.
848. A system of forces consists of two forces, F1 and F2 acting on a rigid
body. F1   2i  j  k N and acts at the point with position vector,
r1  i  j  k m. F1  3i  j  2k N and acts at the point with position
vector, r2  4i  j  2k m .

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Given that the system is equivalent to a single force, FN, acting at the
point with position vector 5i  j  k m , together with a couple G NM,
find:
a) F.
b) The magnitude of G.
849. Two inextensible strings AC and BC are used on a body of 30N at C. if
the strings make 3.6o and 31.2o respectively with the downward
vertical, find the tensions in the strings.
850. Forces PN, 4PN, 2PN and 6PN act along the sides AB, BC, CD and
AD of a square ABCD of side a. Find the equation of the line of action
of the resultant referred to AB as x-axis. Find also where the resultant
cuts the axis.

NEWTON’S LAWS OF MOTION AND FRICTION

851. Two particles of mass A and B are connected by a light inextensible

string passing over a smooth fixed pulley. Show that if A  B, the
g
acceleration , a, of the system is given by A  Bms 2 .
AB
852. A mass of 4kg in contact with a smooth plane of 5 in 6 is connected by
a light inelastic string passing over a smooth light pulley at the top of
the plane and under a light moveable pulley carrying a mass of 14kg.
the other end of the string is fixed to a point above the fixed pulley. If
the parts of the string supporting the moveable are parallel and the
system is released from rest, find the
a) Tension in the string
b) Acceleration of the 14kg mass.
853. The diagram below shows tow masses A and B of 0.5kg and 1kg
respectively connected by a light inextensible string passing over a
smooth pulley X of mass 0.5kg. Pulley X is connected to a mass C of
2kg lying on a smooth plane inclined at 45o to the horizontal by a light
inextensible string passing over a fixed pulley.

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 98

C
X

A B
45o

Find the:
a) Acceleration of masses B and C
b) Tension in the strings when the system is released.
854. A light inextensible string has a mass of 2 kg attached to one end. The
string passes over a fixed pulley, under a moveable pulley of 6 kg, over
another fixed pulley and has a 3 kg mass attached to its other end. If
the system is released from rest and moves in a vertical position, find
the;
a) acceleration of the masses.
b) tension in the string.
c) distance moved by the moveable pulley in 2 seconds.
855. A string with one end fixed passes under a pulley A of mass M 1 then
over a fixed pulley, then under a pulley B of mass M 2 and its other end
is attached to the axle of A. the string is taut and its hanging parts are
vertical. Find the ratio of the velocities of A and B when the system is
in motion and show that the acceleration of A is
4M1  2M 2 g .
4 M1  M 2
856. To one end of a light inelastic string is attached a mass of 1kg which
rests on a smooth wedge of inclination 30o. the string passes over a
smooth fixed pulley at the edge of the wedge, under a second smooth
moveable pulley of mass 2kg and over a third smooth fixed pulley, and
has a mass of 2kg attached to the other end. find the accelerations of
the masses and the movable pulley and the tension in the string.
(Assume the portions of the string are vertical)
1  3 
857. A box of mass 6.5kg is placed on a rough plane inclined at tan   to
4
the horizontal. The coefficient of friction between the box and the
plane is 0.25. Find the least horizontal force required:

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a) To move the box up the plane

b) To prevent the box from sliding down the plane.
858. The diagram below shows two pulleys of masses 8kg and 12kg
connected by a light inextensible string hanging over a fixed pulley.

8kg 12kg

4kg 12kg 3kg mkg

g g
The acceleration of 4kg and 12kg masses are upwards and
2 2
downwards respectively. The accelerations of the 3kg and mkg masses
g g
are upwards and downwards respectively. The hanging portions
3 3
of the strings are vertical. Given that the string of the fixed pulley
remains stationary, find the:
a) Tensions in the strings.
b) Value of m.
859. A particle of mass M1 on a smooth horizontal table is tied to one end
of the string which passes over a fixed pulley at the edge and then
under a movable pulley of mass M2, its other end being fixed so that
the parts of the string beyond the table are vertical. Show that M 2
M2g
descends with acceleration .
4 M1  M 2
860. The figure shows a light inextensible string passing over a smooth fixed
pulley A, to one end of which is attached a mass of 8 kg and to the
other end is attached pulley B of mass 2 kg. over B passes a second
light inextensible string which carries masses of 3 kg and 4 kg at its free
ends.

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 100

The system is released from rest.

Determine the;
A a) Acceleration of the
movable pulley, 3kg
mass and 4kg mass.
b) Tensions in the strings.
8 kg
2 kg

3 kg 4 kg

861. A mass of 4kg in contact with a smooth plane of 5 in 6 is connected by

a light inelastic string passing over a smooth light pulley at the top of
the plane and under a light moveable pulley carrying a mass of 14kg.
The other end of the string is fixed to a point above the fixed pulley. If
the parts of the string supporting the moveable pulley are parallel and
the system is released from rest. Find th4e;
a) tension in the string
b) acceleration of 14kg mass.
862. A block of weight 20N rests on a rough plane of inclination 30o above
the horizontal, the coefficient of friction being 0.25. find the horizontal
force required to prevent it from just sliding down.
863.

A B

a) A particle B of mass m kg keeps particle A of mass 10 kg at rest on a

4
rough inclined plane of angle tan 1 . If the coefficient of friction
3
between A and the inclined plane is 0.5, calculate the minimum and
maximum values of m.
b) If the mass of A is doubled, calculate the magnitude of the
accelerations of the particles.

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864. A body of mass 4kg lies on a rough plane which is inclined at 30 o to

the horizontal. The angle of friction between the plane and the body is
15o. Find the magnitude of the least horizontal force that must be
applied to the body to prevent motion down the plane.
865. A mass of 3kg is at rest on a smooth horizontal table. It is attached by a
light inextensible string passing over a smooth fixed pulley at the edge
of the table to another mass of mass 2kg which is hanging freely. The
system is released from rest. Calculate the acceleration of the system
and the tension in the string.
866. A light string ABCD has one end fixed at A and passing under a
movable pulley of mass M1 at B and over a fixed pulley at C, carries a
mass M2 at D. The portions of the strings not in contact with the
pulleys are vertical. Show that M1 descends with acceleration
M1  2M 2 g .
M1  4 M 2
867. A mass of 12kg rests on a smooth inclined plane which is 6m long and
1m high. The mass is connected by a light inextensible string, which
passes over a smooth pulley fixed at the top of the plane, to a mass of
4kg which is hanging freely. With the string taut, the system is released
from rest. Find the acceleration of the system.
868. A particle of mass 2m rests on a rough plane inclined to the horizontal
at an angle of tan1 3 , where  is the coefficient of friction between
the particle and the plane. The particle is acted upon by a force of P
Newtons.
a) Given that the force acts along the line of greatest slope and that
the particle is on the point of slipping up, show that the maximum
8mg
force possible to maintain the particle in equilibrium is Pmax  .
1  9 2
b) Given that the force acts horizontally in a vertical plane through
a line of greatest slope and that the particle is on the point of sliding
down the plane, show that the minimum force required to maintain the
4mg
particle in equilibrium is Pmin  .
1  3 2
869. A particle of mass m is placed on a rough plane of inclination 30 o.
Given that the angle of friction. Show that the minimum force required

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 102

to move the up the plane is given by

1
2
 
mg cos   3 sin  . If this is

three times the least force that would cause the body to move down,
 2 
show that   tan 1   .
 3
870. An object of mass 2000g is at rest on a plane inclined at 25 o to the
horizontal. The coefficient of friction between the object and the plane
2
is . What minimum force applied parallel to the plane would move
5
the object up the plane?
871. The force P acting along a rough inclined plane is just sufficient to
maintain a body on the plane, the angle of friction  being less than 
, the angle of the plane. Prove that the least force, acting along the
P sin    
plane, sufficient to drag the body up the plane is .
sin    
872. A box of mass 2kg is at rest on a plane inclined at 25o to the horizontal.
The coefficient of friction between the box and the plane is 0.4. What
minimum force applied parallel to the plane would move the box up
the plane?
873. A body of mass m kg is placed on a rough plane inclined at 30 o to the
horizontal. Given that the angle of friction,  exceeds 30o.
a) Show that the minimum force, p, needed to move the body up
 
the plane is 0.5mg cos  3 sin  where g is the acceleration due to
gravity.
b) Show also that the minimum force, P1, required to cause the

body to slide down the plane is 0.5mg 3 sin   cos  . 
874. A particle of mass ½ kg is released from rest and slides down a rough
plane inclined at 30o to the horizontal. It takes 6 seconds to go 3
metres.
a) Find the coefficient of friction between the particle and the plane.
b) What minimum horizontal force is needed to prevent the particle
from moving.
875. A body of mass m kg rests on rough plane inclined at tan 1 2 to the
horizontal. If the coefficient of friction is  , show that the least
mg
horizontal force which will hold the body in equilibrium is
1   2  .

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876. A particle of mass 5 kg is placed on a smooth plane inclined at

 1 
tan 1   to the horizontal. Find the magnitude of the force acting
 3
horizontally, required to keep the particle in equilibrium and the
normal reaction to the plane.
877. A 2kg body lies on a plane of inclination 60o. The coefficient of
friction between the body and the plane is 0.25. Find the least
horizontal force which prevents the body from sliding down the plane.
878. A particle of mass 12 kg slides down a plane inclined at 50 o to the
horizontal. If the coefficient of friction between the particle and the
plane is 0.4, calculate the acceleration of the particle.
879. A particle of weight 20N is placed on a rough plane inclined at an
angle of 40o to the horizontal. The coefficient of friction between the
plane and the particle is 0.25. When a horizontal force P is applied on
the particle, it rests in equilibrium. Calculate the value of P.
880. A body of mass 3kg is released from a rough surface which is inclined
3
at sin 1   to the horizontal. If after 2.5s the body has acquired a
5
velocity of 4.9ms-1 down the surface. Find the coefficient of friction
between the body and the surface.
881. A car projected with a speed of 12ms-1 to move in a straight line on a
rough horizontal surface comes to rest in 5 seconds. Calculate the
distance it covers in its last second of motion.
882. The diagram below shows three strings. AB  15cm, BC  10cm and
CD  13cm . A and D are fixed to small rings each of mass 2kg which
can slide on a rough horizontal rail AD. Masses ,m1 and m2 are
attached at B and C respectively. The system rests in equilibrium with
BC at a distance 12cm below AD.

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 104

A D

15cm 12cm 12cm 13cm

B C
10cm
m1 m2
(a) Show that 9m1  5m 2 .
(b) If the coefficient of friction between each ring and the rail is 0.25
and the ring A is on the point of slipping, determine the value of m1

WORK, ENERGY AND POWER

883. a) A lorry of mass 800kg is pulling a trailer of mass 200kg up a hill of 1

in 14. When the total force of 1kN is exerted by the engine, the lorry
and the trailer move up the hill at a steady speed. Find the total
frictional resistance to the motion of the lorry and the trailer during the
motion.
b) When the lorry and the trailer are travelling at a speed of 10ms-1 up
the hill, the power exerted by the engine is instantaneously changed to
2kW. Calculate the
i). instantaneous acceleration.
ii). instantaneous tension in the coupling between the trailer and the
lorry given that the total frictional resistance to the trailer is 70N.
884. A train of mass 250,000 kg starts from rest and moves along a straight
level track against resistance of 0.06 Nkg-1.
a) Find the driving force of the train if it attains a velocity of 40 ms-1
5
after minutes.
3
b) Calculate the power necessary to drive the train at a constant speed
of 15ms-1 up an incline of 1 in 200.
885. A wooden block of mass 112kg is dragged across a rough horizontal floor
by a force F Newtons inclined at 30o above the floor at a constant speed. If
2
the coefficient of friction between the block and floor is . Find the;
7
a) Value of F.

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 105

b) Work done by dragging force in moving the block through 5.5m

under the above condition.
886. A particle of mass 0.5 kg is projected with kinetic energy 750J up a plane
inclined at 45o above the horizontal. If the coefficient of friction is 0.25,
find the work done against frictional force before the particle comes to
rest.
887. A vehicle of mass 1200kg tows a trailer of mass 250kg up along an incline
of sin 1 
1 
 above the horizontal. If the engine of the car is working at
 49 
a constant rate of 4.2kn and that the resistance to motion of the car is
four times that of the trailer, find the;
a) Resistance to motion of the vehicle when moving with a steady
speed of 12 ms-1.
b) Tension in the tow bar.
888. A particle of mass 15kg is pulled up a smooth slope by a light inextensible
4
string parallel to the slope. The slope is 10.5m long and inclined at sin 1
7
to the horizontal. The acceleration of the particle is 0.98 ms-2.
Determine the:
a) Tension in the string.
b) Work done against gravity when the particle reaches the end
of the slope.
889. A car of mass 1200kg pulls a trailer of mass 300kg up a slope of 1 in 100
against a constant resistance of 0.2N per kg. Given that the car moved at a
constant speed of 1.5ms-1 for 5 minutes, calculate the;
a) tension in the tow bar.
b) work done by the car engine during this time a car has an engine that
can develop 15kW. If the maximum speed of the car on a level road is
120kmh-1, calculate the total resistance at this speed.
890. A water pump raises 40kg of water a second through a height of 20 m
and ejects it with a speed of 45 ms-1. Find the kinetic energy and the
potential energy per second given to the water and the effective rate
with which the pump is working.
891. Two constant forces F1 and F2 , are the only forces acting on a particle,
P, of mass 2 kg.The particle is initially at rest at a point A with position
vector  2i  j  4k m .Four seconds later, P is at the point B with
position vector 6i  5 j  8k m Given that F1  12i  4 j  6k N , Find;

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 106

a) F2
b) The work done on P as it moves from A to B.
892. A car of mass 750kg moves along a horizontal road against a total
resistance of 240N. If the car engine is working at a constant rate of
12kN, find the;
a) maximum velocity of the car.
b) acceleration of the car when its velocity is 30 ms-1.

EQUILIBRIUM AND ACCELERATION UNDER CONCURRENT FORCES

893. A body of mass 60kg in contact with a smooth plane inclined at

 1 
sin 1   to the horizontal is released from rest. If the resistance to the
 40 
1
motion is N per kg, calculate the;
15
a) Acceleration of the body
b) Speed of the body 6 seconds after release.
894. A particle of mass 5kg is placed on a smooth plane inclined at
 1 
tan 1   to the horizontal. Find the magnitude of the force acting
 3
horizontally required to keep the particle in equilibrium and the
normal reaction to the plane.

GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM OF A RIGID BODY & JOINTED RODS

895. A uniform ladder weighing 30kg and 8m long rests on a smooth wall
and a rough ground with coefficient of friction 0.3 making an angle of
40o with the ground. A boy of mass 40kg climbs the ladder carrying a
pan of sand weighing 5kg. If the ladder is on the verge of sliding.
a). Calculate the reaction on the ladder.
b). Show that the boy climbs approximately 0.69 m before it slides.
896. A heavy uniform rod of weight W is hung from a point by two equal
strings. One attached to each end of the rod. A body of weight w is
hung half between A and the centre of the rod. Prove that the ratio of
2W  3w
the tensions in the string is .
2W  w
897. A uniform ladder PQ of length 2a and weight w is inclined at an angle
of tan 1 2 to the horizontal with its end Q resting against a smooth

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 107

vertical wall and end P on a rough horizontal ground with which the
5
coefficient of friction is . If a boy of weight W can safely ascend x up
12
this ladder before it slips,
a 2w  5W 
a) Show that x  .
3W
b) Deduce that the boy can only reach the top of the ladder if
W  2w .
898. A uniform rod PQ of length 8m and weight 18N is freely hinged at P
and carries a mass of 3kg at Q and to a point C distant 6m vertically
above P. Find the:
a) Tension in the string.
b) Magnitude and direction of the reaction at the hinge.
899. A uniform bar AB of weight 2W and length L is free to turn about a
smooth hinge at its upper end A, and a horizontal force is applied to
the end B so that the bar is in equilibrium with B at a distance a from
the vertical through A, Prove that the magnitude of the reaction at the
1
 4L2  3a  2
hinge is W 2 2  .
 L a 
900. A non uniform ladder AB, 10 m long and off mass 8kg lies in limiting
equilibrium with its lower end A resting on a rough horizontal ground
and the upper end B resting against a smooth vertical wall. If the centre
of gravity of the ladder is 3m from the foot of the ladder, and the ladder
makes an angle of 30o with the horizontal, find the:
a) Coefficient of friction between the ladder and the ground.
b) Reaction at the wall.
901. A uniform ladder of weight W rests in limiting equilibrium with its top
end against a rough vertical wall and its lower end on a rough
horizontal floor. If the coefficients of friction at the top and foot of the
2 1
ladder are and respectively.
3 4
a) Find the angle which the ladder makes with the floor.
b) Suppose a man of weight 3W ascends the ladder above, find how
far he can ascend before the ladder slips.
902. A uniform rod AB of mass 5kg rests on a smooth horizontal floor at A
and is supported at 4m from A. If the length of the rod is 6m with B

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 108

above A. Determine the reaction at the support, when the rod is resting
at 60o above the floor.
903. A uniform ladder AB of mass 10kg stands on rough horizontal surface
at A, and leans against a rough vertical wall at B, the coefficients of
1 1
friction at A and B being and respectively. The angle of
2 3
3
inclination of the ladder to ground is tan 1 . A boy of mass 40kg
4
starts to climb the ladder.
Calculate the;
a) distance he climbs before the ladder starts to slide.
b) minimum horizontal force that should be applied at A so that the
boy just reaches the top of the ladder.
904. A uniform ladder of mass 25kg is placed with its base on a rough
1
horizontal floor (angle of friction  tan 1   ), and its top against a
5
1
rough vertical wall (angle of friction  tan 1   , with the ladder making
 3
an angle of 60o with the floor. Calculate the minimum horizontal force
that could be applied at the base without slipping occurring.
905. A rod AB 1m long has a weight of 20N acting at a point 60cm from A.
It rests horizontally with A against a rough vertical wall. A string BC is
fastened to the wall at C, 75cm vertically above A. Find the;
a) Tension in the string
b) Frictional force at A.
906. A person whose weight is 7W climbed a uniform ladder AB of weight
2W whose end A is in contact with a rough horizontal ground and B
resting against a smooth vertical wall. When he is a fifth of the way up,
the ladder is about to slide. If the coefficient of friction between the
4
ladder and the ground is . Find the angle that the ladder makes
15
with the ground.
907. A uniform ladder of length 2L and weight W rests in a vertical plane
with one end against a rough vertical wall and the other end on a
rough horizontal surface, the angles of friction at each end being
1 1
tan 1   and tan 1   respectively.
 3 2

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 109

a). Find  , the angle of inclination of the ladder, how far will he climb
before the ladder slips?
b). A man of weight 10W begins to ascend the ladder, how will he
climb before the ladder slips?
908. A non uniform ladder AB of length 6m and mass 10kg has its centre of
gravity at G, where AG = 4m. The ladder is inclined at 45o to the
horizontal with its end B resting against a rough vertical wall and end
A on a rough horizontal ground with which the coefficients of friction
at each point of contact is  . If a boy of mass 40kg can safely ascend
2m up this ladder before it slips, find the value of  .
909. A non-uniform ladder AB is in equilibrium with A in contact with a
horizontal floor and B in contact with a vertical wall. The ladder is in a
vertical plane perpendicular to the wall. The centre of gravity of the
2
ladder is at G where AG  AB . The coefficient of friction between
3
the ladder and the wall is twice that between the ladder and the floor. If
the ladder makes an angle  with the wall and the angle of friction
between the ladder and the floor is  .
c) Prove that 4 tan   tan 2.
d) How far can a man of mass m ascend the ladder without the ladder
slipping given that tan   45o and the coefficient of friction between
1
the ladder and the floor is .
2
910. A uniform beam AB supported at an angle  to the horizontal by a
light string attached to end b, and with A resting on a rough horizontal
ground (angle of friction,  ). The beam and the string lie in the same
vertical plane and the beam rests in limiting equilibrium with the string
sin 2
at right angles to the beam. Prove that tan   .
3  cos 2
911. A uniform beam AB of length 4m and weight 50N is freely hinged at A
to a vertical and is held horizontally in equilibrium by a string which
has one end attached to B and the other end attached to a point C on
the wall, 4m above A. find the magnitude and the direction of the
reaction at A.
912. A rod AB of length 0.6m and mass 10kg is hinged at A. its centre of
mass is 0.5m from A. A light inextensible string inextensible string
attached at B passes over a smooth fixed pulley 0.8m above A and

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 110

supports a mass M hanging freely. If a mass of 5kg is attached at b so

as to keep the rod in a horizontal position, find;
a) The value of M
b) Reaction at the hinge.
913. A uniform beam AB of weight 30N is suspended by two strings at A
and B. The beam is in equilibrium at 30o and 60o with the strings A and
B respectively. Find the tensions in the strings.

CENTRE OF GRAVITY

914. OAB is a uniform triangular lamina with vertices O(0,0), A(9,0) and
B(6,6).
a) Find the coordinates of the centre of gravity of the lamina
b) If the lamina is freely suspended at point O(0,0), calculate the
angle the side OA makes with the vertical.
915. ABCD is a square lamina of side a from which a triangle ADE is
removed E being a point on CD of distance t from C.
Show that the centre of mass of the remaining lamina is at a distance
a 2  at  t 2
from BC.
3a  t 
Hence show that if the lamina is placed in a vertical plane with CE on a

horizontal table, equilibrium will not be possible if t is than


a 3 1.
2
916. a) Find the centre of gravity of the uniform lamina shown below.
E 3cm D B

9cm

16cm

O 14cm A
b) if the lamina is suspended from O, find the angle that OB makes
with the vertical.

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 111

917. A sheet of paper is in the shape of a rectangle ABCD in which AB =

12cm, AD = 8cm. E is the midpoint of AD and the triangle CED is
removed.
e) Find the distance of the centre of gravity of the remainder of the
sheet from SD and AB.
f) If the remainder of the sheet is hung by a light inextensible string
through point A, find the angle AB makes with the vertical.
918. The figure below represents a lamina formed by welding together
rectangular, semicircular and triangular metal sheets.

D C
10 cm

12 cm E

A 9 cm D
Find the position of the centre of gravity of the lamina from the sides
AB and AD.
919. Two uniform laminae made of the same material are joined as shown
in the figure below.
D

12cm

E C

6cm

A 8cm B

ABCE is a rectangle and DCE is an isosceles triangle with dimensions

shown. Find the position of the centre of gravity of the complete lamina
from AB.

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 112

920. Show that the centre of gravity of a solid cone of radius r and height h
h
lies along its axis at a distance from the base.
4
921. The diagram shows two uniform squares ABFG and BCDE joined
together.
G F

E D
4m
2m
A 4m B 2m C
a) Find the centre of gravity of the composite body.
b) If the body is suspended freely at G, determine the angle AG
makes with the horizontal.
922. The figure below shows a uniform square lamina PQRS of side 2l with
a semicircular cut off.
S R

2l

P Q
2l
a) Show that the distance of the centre of gravity of the figure from
20l
PQ is .
38   
b) The figure is freely suspended from the point R. Find the angle
that RS makes with the vertical.
923. The figure below shows a solid conical frustum of height h and whose
top and bottom radii being a and b respectively.

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a along its axis at a distance


h b 2  2ab  3a 2 
from the
h 
4 b 2  ab  a 2 
bottom.
b
Show that the centre of
gravity of this frustum lies
924. Four uniform rods AB,BC,CD and DA are each 4 metres in length and
have masses of 2kg, 3kg, 1kg and 4kg respectively. If they are joined
together to form a square frame work ABCD, find the position of its
centre of gravity from AB.
925. The figure ABCDEF is made up of three laminas that are as indicated in
the diagram below.
E

4 cm

F D

4 cm C

A B
6 cm 6 cm

a) Determine the centre of gravity from AB and AF taken as the 𝑥 and

𝑦 axes respectively (state it as a coordinate).
b) The lamina is freely suspended through a smooth pivot at A and
hangs in equilibrium under its own weight, find the angle 𝜃 between the
side AB and the vertical.
926. The figure below shows a uniform square lamina OABC of side a from
which a triangular piece ABD has been cut. D is the midpoint of BD.

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C D B

O A
Find the position of the centre of mass of the lamina OADC.
927. The figure ABCDEF is made up of three laminas that are as indicated
in the diagram below.
E

4cm

3cm 3cm D
F

3cm
6cm
C

3cm

A B
Determine the centre of gravity of the composite lamina ABCDEF from
AF and AB taken as the y and x axes respectively. State it as a co-
ordinate.
928. ABCD is a square lamina of side “a” from which a triangle ADE is
removed. E being a point on CD at a distance “t” from C. Show that
the centre of mass of the remaining lamina is at a distance of
a 2  at  t 2
from BC.
3a  t 
929. A body consists of a solid hemisphere of radius r joined to a right
circular cone of base radius r and perpendicular height h. the plane

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surfaces of the cone and hemispheres coincide and both solids area
made of the same uniform material.
Show that the centre of gravity of the body lies on the axis of symmetry
3r 2  h 2
at a distance from the base of the cone.
4h  2r 
930. A uniform cylindrical piece of metal of height h and radius r has a cone
shape removed from it as shown in the diagram. The base of the cone
is of radius r and its height of h.

Show that the centre of gravity of the resulting solid is at a distance of

3
h from the point at the vertex of the cone.
8
931. Below is a uniform rectangular lamina of dimensions 10cm 16cm from
which right angled triangular and semicircular pieces of dimensions
shown have been cut out.
B C

6cm 8cm

9cm
A D
The straight side of the semicircular cut out is 1cm from the side CD
and placed centrally between BC and AD. The perpendicular sides of
the triangular cut-out are 2cm from the nearest sides of the lamina.
Find the position of the centre of gravity of the remaining lamina.

MOMENTUM & VECTOR MECHANICS AND RELATIVE MOTION

932. Three particles A,B and C lie close together on a smooth plane. A is
connected to B and C by light inextensible strings. If B is set moving
with velocity V across the plane. Find the:

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a) First impulsive tension in the string AB

b) Initial velocity of A
c) Initial velocity of C
933. A hammer of mass 1kg, moving with a velocity of 6 ms -1 drives a nail
of mass 30g, 2.5 cm into a fixed piece of wood downwards. Find the:
a) Common velocity of hammer and the nail just before impact.
b) Percentage loss in energy
c) Time of motion of the nail,
d) Force of resistance of the wood assuming it to be constant.
934. A boy wishes to swim across a river 100m wide as quickly as possible.
The river flows at 3 kmh-1 and the body can swim at 4 kmh-1 in still
water. Find the time it takes the boy to cross the river and how far
down stream he travels.
935. A gun of mass 200kg fires horizontally a shell of mass 20kg. the gun’s
horizontal recoil is controlled by a constant force of 8000N which
brings the gun to rest in 1.5seconds. Find the initial velocity of the
shell.
a) Relative to the gun
b) In the air
936. Boat A is sailing due East at 18 kmh-1 and a second ship B sailing on a
bearing of 030o at 12 kmh-1. At a certain instant a third boat C appears
to an observer on A to be sailing south and to an observer on ship b to
be sailing on a bearing of 150o. find the speed of boat C and the bearing
on which it is sailing.
937. A car of mass 300kg moving at 144kmh-1 collides with a stationary
trailer of mass 900kg thereby losing its momentum by 15%. If the car
decelerates at 6ms-2 after collision, calculate the;
a) trailer’s velocity after collision,
b) distance the car would have to move before stopping.
c) deceleration force.
938. An aircraft capable of flying at 250 kmh-1 in still air is to be flown from
airport A to airport B situated 300km from it on a bearing of 320o. If
there is a wind of 50 kmh1 blowing from 030o, find the course that the
pilot must set so as to reach B and the time taken to the nearest minute.
939. A gun of mass M fires a shell of mass m and recoils horizontally.
Given that the shell travels along the barrel with speed v, find in terms
of v, m and M, the speed with which the barrel begins to recoil if;

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a) the barrel is horizontal

b) the barrel is inclined at an angle of 30o tot eh horizontal.
940. Two cyclists P and Q are travelling along straight roads which cross at
an angle of 60o at point C. If their riding speeds towards C are 4 kmh -1
and 5kmh-1 and they are respectively 8km and 15km from C, find the:
a) Least distance between the cyclists
b) Time that elapses before the cyclists are closest
c) Distances of P and Q from C when they are nearest.
941. A force 24ti  12 j N acts on a particle of mass 2kg initially at rest at a
point with position vector  4i  3 j m . Find the:
a) Velocity of the particle after t seconds.
b) Distance from the origin after 2 s.
c) Power exerted by the force at t = 2s.
d) Work done by the force between t = 1s and t = 2s.
942. Two particles A and B of equal mass are travelling along the same line
with constant speed 4ms-1 and 3ms-1 respectively. If they collide and
coalesce, find their common speed just after impact:
a) If they collide head on
b) If they were originally travelling in the same sense.
943. A bullet of mass 50g is fired horizontally into a freely suspended block of
mass 2kg attached at the end of an elastic string of length 2m. Given that
the bullet gets embedded in the block and the string is deflected through an
angle of 60o to the vertical. Find the:
a) Maximum velocity of the block
b) Initial velocity of the bullet.
944. Two boats P and Q are sailing with respective speeds of 20kmh-1 and
19kmh-1. Initially P is 10km from Q on a bearing of 320 o and is on a
course of 200o. Find the:
a) Two possible courses Q can take in order to intercept P.
b) Time taken for interception to occur in each case.
945. A bullet of mass 50 grams travelling horizontally at 80 ms-1 hits a block of
wood of mass 10 kg resting on a horizontal plane. If the bullet emerges
with a speed of 50ms-1, find the speed with which the block moves.
946. a) At certain times, the position vector r and velocity vector v of two ships
A and B are as follows.
rA   2i  3 j km , VA  12i  4 j kmh 1 at 11:45 am
rB  8i  7 j km , VB  2i  14 j kmh1 at 12:00 noon
If the ships maintain these velocities, find the:

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i) Position vector of ship A at noon

ii) Time when the ships are closest
iii) Shortest distance between the ships
iv) Distance of ship A from the origin when the two ships are
closest.
b) If instead ship B had a velocity had a velocity
VB   2i  14 j kmh1 , show that the ships will collide and
find when and where the collision occurs.
947. A hammer of mass 6kg moving vertically downwards with a speed of 15
ms-1 strikes the top of the vertical post of mass 4kg without rebounding. If
the two move together for 0.3s before coming to rest, what is the average
resistance to motion?
948. A battleship and a patrol ship are initially 16km apart with the battleship
on the bearing of 035o from the patrol. The battleship sails at 14kmh-1 in
the direction S30oE and the patrol ship at 17kmh-1 in the direction N50oE.
a) Find the;
i. Shortest distance between the ships
ii. Time that elapses before the ships are closest
b) If the guns on the battleship have a range of up to 6km, find the time that
elapses when the patrol ship is within range of these guns.
949. A boat travelling at a speed of 18 kmh-1 in the direction of N30oE in still
water is blown by wind moving at a speed of 8ms-1 on a bearing of 150o.
Calculate the speed and the course the boat will be steered.
950. At 12:00 noon, the position vector R and velocity vector V of two ships A
and B are as follows.
Ship Position vector (r) Velocity vector (v)
A  2  4 
   
rA   5 km VA    3 kmh 1
  3  5 
   

B 6 2
   
rB   1 km VB    1kmh 1
1 3
   

a) Determine the displacement of A relative to B.

b) If the two ships collide, determine the time and position of collision.
951. At 10:00 am, ship A and ship are 16 km apart. Ship A is on a bearing of
N35oE from ship B. Ship A is travelling at 14 kmh-1 on a bearing S29oE.
Ship B is travelling at 17 kmh-1 on a bearing N50oE, determine the;

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a) Velocity of ship B relative to ship A.

b) Closest distance between the two ships and the time when it occurs.
952. At noon ship A is sailing due East at a const velocity of 20kh -1. At the
same time ship B is sailing in a direction N 60o E at a constant velocity of
15 km-1. If they continue sailing with these velocities in these directions ,
determine the;
a) Time at shortest distance
b) Shortest distance
953. A particle with a position vector 2i  3k at t  0 s moves with a constant
speed of 6 ms-1 in the direction i  2 j  2k . Find the position vector of
the particle after 2s.
954. To a motorist travelling due North at 40kmh-1, the wind appears to come
from the direction N60oE at 50kmh-1.
a) Find the true velocity of the wind.
b) If the wind velocity remains constant but the speed of the motorist is
increasing; find his speed when the wind appears to be blowing from the
direction N45oE.
955. A body moving with an acceleration e 2t i  3 sin 2tj  4 cos 2tk is initially
located at the point (1,-2,2)m and has a velocity of 4i  2 j  4  k ms-1. Find

the speed of the body when t  s .
4
956. A particle P of mass 0.5kg moves on a horizontal plane such that its velocity
vector v ms-1 at time t seconds is given by v = 12cos 3t 𝐢 − 5sin 2t 𝐣.
a) Find an expression for the force acting on P at time t seconds.
b) Given that 𝑡 = 0, P has a position vector 4𝐢 + 7𝐣 m relative to the
origin O, find an expression for the position vector of P at a time t s.
𝜋
c) Hence determine the distance of P from O at time 𝑡 = s.
2
957. A force F = t 2 𝐢 + 3t 𝐣 + 4𝐤 N acts on a body of mass 2kg. Initially the
body is at rest at a 2𝐢 − 𝐣 + 𝐤 . Find the:
a) Speed of the body after 5s.
b) Distance of the body from the origin after 2s.
c) Work done by the force after 4s.
958. A particle of mass 2 kg is acted upon by a force F = 54t 3 𝐢 + 24t 3 𝐣 −
18t 𝐤 where t is time. Initially, the particle is located at a point with
position vector (1, 0, 0) m and moving with velocity (1, 0, 1) ms-1.
a) Determine its distance from the origin after 2s.
b) Determine the work done in the time interval t = 1s to t = 2s.

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959. A pile driver machine of mass 8 tonnes falls from a height of 500cm onto
a pile of mass 2 tonnes. Given that the average resistance of the ground
is 106N and that g  10 ms-2, find the;
a) Speed at which the pile driver strikes the pile.
b) Common speed of the pile and the driver
c) Distance the pile penetrates into the ground.
960. A particle of mass 4kg starts from rest at a point 2i  3 j  k m . It is acted
upon by a force F  4i  12tj  3k N . Find the ;
a) Acceleration at any time,t.
b) Velocity at any time, t.
c) Work done by the force, F after 2 seconds.
961. A shell of mass 5kg is fired from a gun of mass 2,000kg, the shell leaves
the gun with a speed of 400 ms-1. Determine the;
a) Speed of recoil o f the gun.
b) Retardation when the retarding force of the gun is 4,000N.
962. A particle is initially at position (3,-1,4)m and has velocity
  
  9   3
( v )   2t 3  16 i   t 2  4t  15  j    t 2  8 k ms 1 , determine the;
 2   2  
a) Acceleration and its magnitude at t  3s .
b) Displacement and distance at t  2s
963. The initial velocity of a particle moving with a constant acceleration is
3i  5 jms 1 . After 2 seconds the velocity of the particle is of magnitude
6ms 1 and parallel to i  j . Find the acceleration of the particle.
964. At time t  0 , two particles A and B have position vectors 2i  3 j  4k  m
and 8i  6k  m respectively.
Particle A moves with constant velocity  i  3 j  5k  ms 1 and B with
constant velocity, v ms 1 . Given that when t  5 seconds, B passes
through the point A passed through one second earlier. Find v.
965. The velocity of a particle after t seconds is 12t 2 i  8t  23j ms 1 . Calculate
the average speed of the particle in the time interval t  1 to t  3s .
966. A particle of mass 2kg moves under the action of a force which depends
on the time t given by force F  24t 2 i  36t  16j Newtons. Given that at
t  0 the particle is located at 3i  j and has velocity 6i  15 j . Find the
kinetic energy of the particle at t  2 .

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967. A tourist vehicle is on a bearing of 050o from a lion. The vehicle is

travelling at a constant speed of 10 ms-1 due south. The lion runs after
the vehicle at a constant speed of 6 ms-1.
a) In which direction should the lion run to get as close to the
vehicle as possible?
b) What will be the least distance between the lion and the vehicle.
c) How long will the lion take to achieve the least distance?
968. Initially a particle is projected with a velocity 2i ms-1 from a point with
position vector 10i  90 j m. Find the distance of the particle from the
origin after 4 seconds.
969. A particle is acted upon by two forces F1 and F1 where;

F1  2i  j  tk and F2  i  4tj  3tk , at a time t. the particle is initially at

rest. Find the momentum of the particle 5 seconds later.

970. An object P passes through a point whose position vector is 3i  2 j with

constant velocity i  j . At the same instant an object Q moving with a
constant velocity 4i  2 j passes through the point with position vector
i  4 j . Find the ;
a) the displacement of P relative to Q after t seconds.
b) the time when P and Q are closest together and the closest
distance at that time.
971. A gun of mass 3000kg fires horizontally a shell at an initial velocity of
300 ms-1. If the recoil of the gun is brought to rest by a constant
opposing force of 9000N in two seconds, find the;
a) (i) initial velocity of the recoil gun
(ii) mass of the shell
(iii) gain in kinetic energy of the shell just after firing
b) (i) displacement of the gun
(ii) work done against the opposing force.
972. At 12 noon, ship A is 8km due east of ship A is moving due north at a
constant speed of 10 km h-1 . Ship B is moving at a constant speed of 6
km h-1 on a bearing so that it passes as close to A as possible.
Determine:
a) the bearing on which ship B moves.
b) the shortest distance between the two ships.
c) the time when the two ships are closest.

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d) The distance travelled by each ship from its respective position at

noon to the point of closest approach.
973. At noon, ships A and B are 65km apart with B due south of A. Ship A is
sailing due East at a constant velocity of 20kmh-1. At the same time ship B
is sailing in the direction N600E at a constant velocity of 15 kmh-1. If they
continue sailing with these velocities in these directions, Determine the;
a) time at shortest distance
b) shortest distance.
974. At time 9:00am, the position vectors and velocity of two particles A and
B are as follows;
1   6  4    5
    1    
R A   2 m , VA   0 ms , R B    14 m , VB   1 ms 1
 3  1   1   7 
       

Find;

a) the position vector of B relative to A at any time t seconds.

b) the value of t when A bad B are closest together.
c) the least distance between A and B.

CIRCULAR MOTION, ELASTICITY AND SIMPLE HARMONIC

MOTION

975. a) A car travelling at 30 ms-1 has no tendency to side slip on a track of

radius 250m banked at  to the horizontal. Find the angle  .
b) If the speed is increased to 40 ms-1. It is about to slip upwards,
determine the co-efficient of friction.
c) Hence find the minimum speed required for it to slide downwards.
976. It is rumored that Mbale clock tower round about whose radius is 8m
makes a truck whose distance between the inner and outer wheels is 1.3
m and its centre of gravity 0.8 m above the ground to topple if the truck’s
speed exceeds 72 kmh-1. Find the angle at which the roundabout must be
inclined and the least coefficient of friction to avoid skidding of any
form.
977. A light elastic spring has its upper end A fixed and a body of mass 0.6kg
attached to its other end B. If the modulus of the spring is 4.5gN and
natural length 1.5m.

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c) Find the extension of the spring when the body hangs in

equilibrium
d) The end B of the spring is pulled vertically downwards to C where
BC = 10cm. Find the initial acceleration of the body when released
from this position.
978. A particle executes simple harmonic motion about centre, O, with

amplitude 5m and period s . Find the distance it travels from O until
2
when its speed is half the maximum value.
979. A particle moving in a straight line with simple harmonic motion

between two points A and B has periodic time seconds. If AB  1m .
4
Find the;
a) velocity of the particle when at a distance of 25 cm from A.
b) maximum acceleration of the particle.
980. A particle is describing simple harmonic motion in a straight line
directed towards a fixed point, O. when its distance from O is 3m, its
velocity is 27 ms-1 and its acceleration is 81 ms-2. Determine the
amplitude of oscillation.
981. Two equal particles are connected by a string passing through a hole in a
smooth table, one particle being on the table, the other underneath. How
many revolutions per minute would the particle on the table have to
perform in a circle of radius 15cm in order to keep the other particle at
rest?
982. A particle executes simple harmonic motion. If it has speeds of 8ms -1
and 6 ms-1 at points at respective distances of 3m and 4m from the
centre of motion; calculate the;
a) amplitude and period of motion
b) time the particle takes to move directly from A to B.
983. The work done in compressing a spring of natural length 3l to a length
of 2l is twice as great as the work done in doubling the length of a string
of natural length 2l. Show that their moduli of elasticity are in the ratio
12:1.
984. A particle is tied by an elastic string of length 30cm to a fixed point on a
smooth horizontal table upon which the particle is describing a circle
around the point at a constant speed. If the modulus of elasticity of the

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string is equal to the weight of the particle and the number of revolution
per minute is 20, show that the extension produced is nearly 5cm.
985. A particle is placed on the lowest point of a smooth spherical shell of
radius 3am and is given a horizontal velocity of 13ag ms-1. How high
above the point of projection does the particle rise?
986. A body of mass 0.5kg is suspected from a fixed point A by a light elastic
string of natural length 4cm and modulus of elasticity 19.6N. the
particle is pulled vertically downwards to a point d cm below
equilibrium position and released. If it just reaches the level of A,
calculate the;
a) value of d.
b) kinetic energy of the particle when it passes the equilibrium
position for the first time.
987. A particle of mass m is held on the surface of a fixed smooth solid
sphere centre O and radius a at point P such that OP makes an angle
 3
cos 1   with the upward vertical and then released. Prove that when
4
OA makes an angle  with the upward vertical , the velocity, v of the

ga3  4 cos  provided that the particle

1
particle is given by v 
2

2
remains on the surface of the sphere and find the normal reaction on the
particle at this time.
988. A body lies on a smooth horizontal table and is connected to a point O
on the table by a light elastic string of natural length 1.5m and modulus
24N. Initially the body is at p, 1.5m from o. the body is pulled directly
away from O and held at a point Q 2m from O and then released. Find
the:
a) Initial energy stored in the string when the particle is at P
b) Energy stored in the string when the body is held at Q
c) Kinetic energy of the body when the body passes through P after
release from Q.
989. A particle of mass M hangs at rest from the end of a string of length L.
The particle is projected horizontally with speed U and so starts to move
in a vertical circle. Assuming that the particle continues to move in a

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circle, show that the tension in the string when it makes an angle  with
Mu 2
its initial position is given by T   2gl  3gl cos  .
l
990. A body of mass 2.5kg is attached to the end B of a light elastic string AB
of natural length 2m and modulus 5gN. The mass is suspended vertically
in equilibrium by the string whose other end A is attached to a fixed
point. Find the;
e) Depth below A of B when the body is in equilibrium.
f) Distance through which the body must be pulled down vertically
from its equilibrium position so that it will just reach A after
release.
991. A and B are two points on the same horizontal level and 48cm apart. A
light elastic string of natural length 40cm has one end attached to A and
the other at B. A body of mass 200g is attached to the midpoint of the
string and hangs in equilibrium at a point 7cm below level A and B. Find
the modulus of the string.
992. An elastic string of natural length 120cm and modulus of elasticity 8N is
stretched until the extending force is 6n. Calculate the
a) Extension of the string
b) Work done by the string.
993. A particle executing simple harmonic motion about point O has a
1
velocity of 3 3ms 1 and 3ms when at distances 100cm and 26.8cm
respectively, from the end point. Calculate the amplitude of the motion.
994. A particle of mass 2kg is suspended from the end of a light elastic string
of natural length 1.2m and modulus of elasticity 60N. the particle is then
pulled vertically downwards through a distance of 20cm and released
from rest.
a) Find the extension in the string when the particle is
b) at equilibrium point.
c) Show that the subsequent motion is simple harmonic and find
the periodic time.
d) Find the distance of the particle from equilibrium point 2 seconds
after being released.
995. A light spring of natural length 60cm and modulus 3gN has one end fixed and
a body of mass 2kg is freely suspended from its other end.
a) Find the extension of the spring.

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b) What mass would cause the same length of extension when suspended
to a spring of natural length 50cm and modulus 2gN?
996. A particle moving with simple harmonic motion has speeds of 5ms -1 and 8ms-1
when at distances of 16m and 12m respectively from its equilibrium position.
Find the amplitude and period of the motion.
997. A body of mass M lies on a smooth horizontal surface is connected to a point
O on the surface by a light elastic string of natural length l and modulus  .
When the body moves with a constant speed V around a horizontal circular
2
1 16 MV
path, centre O, the extension in the string is l . Show that λ  .
4 5l
998. A spring whose weight can be neglected is fixed in the vertical position and a
weight W resting on it produces a compression a. Show that if the weight W is
3a
left to fall of the spring from a height of above it, the maximum
2
compression of the spring in the motion which follows is 3a.
999. A light elastic string is of natural length 50cm and modulus 147N. one end of
the string is attached to a fixed point and a body of mass 3kg is freely
suspended from the other end. Find;
a) the extension of the string in the equilibrium position.
b) the energy stored in the string.
1000. A particle is travelling in a straight line with SHM of period 4 seconds. If the
greatest speed is 2ms-1, find the amplitude of the path and the speed of the
3
particle when it is m from the centre.
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