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Chapter 08: Managing Human Resources and Labour Relations
1. ________ is the set of organizational activities directed at attracting, developing, and maintaining an effective
workforce.
Production management
Operations management
Developing a mission statement
Human resource management
Financial management
Difficulty: 2
QuestionID: 08-1-01
Page-Reference: 167
Skill: Knowledge
Objective: 8.1
2. Which of the following is considered the starting point of effective human resource management?
Advertising
Financing
Human resource planning
External staffing
Recruitment
Difficulty: 2
QuestionID: 08-1-02
Page-Reference: 167
Skill: Knowledge
Objective: 8.1
3. Cindy Stevens is observing and interviewing several database administrators to determine the duties and
responsibilities associated with their job, as well as the knowledge, skills, and abilities that someone must have
to perform the job. Cindy is performing the HR function of
job analysis.
advertising.
promotion.
training.
staffing.
Difficulty: 2
QuestionID: 08-1-03
Page-Reference: 167
Skill: Comprehension
Objective: 8.1
Difficulty: 2
QuestionID: 08-1-04
Page-Reference: 167
Skill: Comprehension
Objective: 8.1
5. Cindy Stevens has identified the knowledge, skills, and abilities necessary for a database administrator in her
organization. She will record this information in a(n)
advertising budget.
employee analysis.
job specification.
staffing survey.
on-the-job training agreement.
Difficulty: 1
QuestionID: 08-1-05
Page-Reference: 167
Skill: Comprehension
Objective: 8.1
6. June has been given the responsibility of doing a job analysis, but she isn't sure what it means, so she asks
you. You say that it is
a written statement which outlines the duties, tasks, and relationship with other positions in the organization.
an attempt to generate large numbers of qualified applicants.
the specific method by which the firm will attempt to reach its objectives.
the detailed study of the specific duties required for a particular job and human qualities required to perform that job.
an analysis of the characteristics of individuals who currently hold jobs with the firm.
Difficulty: 1
QuestionID: 08-1-06
Page-Reference: 167
Skill: Comprehension
Objective: 8.1
Answer: the detailed study of the specific duties required for a particular job and human qualities required to perform that
job.
Difficulty: 2
QuestionID: 08-1-07
Page-Reference: 167
Skill: Comprehension
Objective: 8.1
8. John is reading a document which describes the conditions under which his job will be done, the ways in
which it relates to other positions, and the duties he needs to perform. John is probably looking at
a job specification.
a job description.
job relatedness.
person-job matching.
a job analysis.
Difficulty: 2
QuestionID: 08-1-08
Page-Reference: 167
Skill: Comprehension
Objective: 8.1
9. Cindy Stevens has developed a database that contains information on each employee's education, skills, work
experience, and career aspirations. She plans to use this database to identify employees to fill vacancies. This
data base is a
job specification.
skills inventory.
managerial grid.
job analysis.
replacement chart.
Difficulty: 2
QuestionID: 08-1-09
Page-Reference: 168
Skill: Comprehension
Objective: 8.1
Difficulty: 1
QuestionID: 08-1-10
Page-Reference: 168
Skill: Comprehension
Objective: 8.1
Answer: forecasting.
Difficulty: 2
QuestionID: 08-1-11
Page-Reference: 168
Skill: Knowledge
Objective: 8.1
Answer: a company must assess trends in past HR usage, future organizational plans, and general economic trends.
12. Forecasting the supply of labour involves two tasks. The first task is to forecast
future organizational plans.
the number and type of employees who will be in the firm at some future date.
general economic trends.
trends in past HR usage.
demand for certain types of employees.
Difficulty: 1
QuestionID: 08-1-12
Page-Reference: 168
Skill: Knowledge
Objective: 8.1
Answer: the number and type of employees who will be in the firm at some future date.
Difficulty: 2
QuestionID: 08-1-13
Page-Reference: 168
Skill: Comprehension
Objective: 8.2
14. The process of attracting qualified persons to apply for the jobs that are open is called
searching.
soliciting.
interviewing.
recruiting.
selection.
Difficulty: 1
QuestionID: 08-1-14
Page-Reference: 168
Skill: Knowledge
Objective: 8.2
Answer: recruiting.
15. What is the first step in obtaining applicants who are both interested in and qualified for available jobs?
Interviews
Selection
Recruiting
Enlistment
Resume differentiation
Difficulty: 1
QuestionID: 08-1-15
Page-Reference: 168
Skill: Knowledge
Objective: 8.2
Answer: Recruiting
Difficulty: 2
QuestionID: 08-1-16
Page-Reference: 168
Skill: Comprehension
Objective: 8.2
17. Evaluating each potential candidate for an existing job opening and deciding on whom to extend a job offer
to is called
recruiting.
screening.
interviewing.
decision-making.
selecting.
Difficulty: 1
QuestionID: 08-1-17
Page-Reference: 170
Skill: Knowledge
Objective: 8.2
Answer: selecting.
18. The process of considering present employees as candidates for openings within the organization is referred
to as
profit sharing.
job analysis.
internal recruitment.
external recruitment.
vestibule training.
Difficulty: 1
QuestionID: 08-1-18
Page-Reference: 168
Skill: Knowledge
Objective: 8.2
Difficulty: 1
QuestionID: 08-1-19
Page-Reference: 171
Skill: Comprehension
Objective: 8.2
20. When Sara, the human resource manager, attempts to determine the predictive value of a selection
technique, she is doing
validation.
certification.
training.
internal recruitment.
external recruitment.
Difficulty: 1
QuestionID: 08-1-20
Page-Reference: 169
Skill: Comprehension
Objective: 8.2
Answer: validation.
21. Once the recruiting process has attracted a pool of applicants, the next step is to select someone to hire. The
intent of the selection process is to gather information from applicants that will predict their job success. The
organization can only gather information about factors that are predictive of future performance. This process is
called
psychological profiling.
screening.
job specification.
validation.
none of these.
Difficulty: 3
QuestionID: 08-1-21
Page-Reference: 169
Skill: Comprehension
Objective: 8.2
Answer: validation.
Difficulty: 1
QuestionID: 08-1-22
Page-Reference: 170
Skill: Comprehension
Objective: 8.2
23. Kim, a public relations manager, has just completed the process of checking the references of several job
candidates. What should she do next?
Conduct screening interviews
Conduct medical and drug tests
Conduct interviews with the candidates
Give ability/aptitude tests
Administer polygraph tests
Difficulty: 2
QuestionID: 08-1-23
Page-Reference: 170
Skill: Application
Objective: 8.2
24. Jerry, a marketing manager, has just conducted screening interviews with several job candidates. What
should he do next?
Consider applications and resumes
Give a polygraph test
Give an ability/aptitude test
Give medical/drug/polygraph tests
Conduct an interview with the manager
Difficulty: 2
QuestionID: 08-1-24
Page-Reference: 170
Skill: Application
Objective: 8.2
Difficulty: 1
QuestionID: 08-1-25
Page-Reference: 168
Skill: Knowledge
Objective: 8.2
Difficulty: 2
QuestionID: 08-1-26
Page-Reference: 170
Skill: Knowledge
Objective: 8.2
27. Which of the following is correct with regard to selecting human resources?
An application form is an inefficient method of gathering information about an applicant.
An assessment centre is a place where human resource professionals analyze an applicant's application form.
The interview is a popular selection tool because it is almost always a good predictor of future job success.
Interviewers can increase interview validity by asking "curveball" questions, i.e., questions that job applicants would never
be expecting to be asked.
All of these are correct.
Difficulty: 3
QuestionID: 08-1-27
Page-Reference: 171
Skill: Comprehension
Objective: 8.2
Answer: Interviewers can increase interview validity by asking "curveball" questions, i.e., questions that job applicants
would never be expecting to be asked.
Difficulty: 3
QuestionID: 08-1-28
Page-Reference: 169
Skill: Comprehension
Objective: 8.2
Answer: validation.
Difficulty: 3
QuestionID: 08-1-29
Page-Reference: 171, 188-189
Skill: Comprehension
Objective: 8.2
Answer: It focuses on finding out how an applicant has reacted to important or difficult job situations in the past and
assumes that these are a good indicator of how the person will react in the future.
30. Jim is an accounts-receivable manager who has received many applications for an accounts-receivable clerk
position. What would he most likely do next?
Interviews with his manager
Reference checks
Screening interviews
Polygraph tests
Give ability/aptitude tests
Difficulty: 2
QuestionID: 08-1-30
Page-Reference: 170
Skill: Application
Objective: 8.2
Difficulty: 2
QuestionID: 08-1-31
Page-Reference: 170
Skill: Knowledge
Objective: 8.2
Difficulty: 2
QuestionID: 08-1-32
Page-Reference: 171
Skill: Knowledge
Objective: 8.2
Answer: having new hires watch videos that show a series of realistic work situations, and then asking them to choose a
course of action to deal with the situation.
Difficulty: 2
QuestionID: 08-1-33
Page-Reference: 170
Skill: Comprehension
Objective: 8.2
Answer: potential employees perform management tasks while being watched by an appraiser.
Difficulty: 1
QuestionID: 08-1-34
Page-Reference: 171
Skill: Comprehension
Objective: 8.2
Difficulty: 3
QuestionID: 08-1-35
Page-Reference: 171
Skill: Comprehension
Objective: 8.2
Answer: It focuses on finding out how an applicant has reacted to important or difficult job situations in the past and
assumes that these are a good indicator of how the person will react in the future.
36. The process of introducing new employees to the organization so that they can more quickly become
effective contributors is known as
acquainting.
orientation.
educating.
training.
developing.
Difficulty: 1
QuestionID: 08-1-36
Page-Reference: 171
Skill: Knowledge
Objective: 8.3
Answer: orientation.
Difficulty: 1
QuestionID: 08-1-37
Page-Reference: 171
Skill: Knowledge
Objective: 8.3
Answer: one-half
Difficulty: 1
QuestionID: 08-1-38
Page-Reference: 171
Skill: Knowledge
Objective: 8.3
39. You are responsible for training in your company and have created a management training program to take
place at a local conference center. This is an example of
vestibule training.
off-the-job training.
a lecture program.
video conferencing.
mentoring.
Difficulty: 1
QuestionID: 08-1-39
Page-Reference: 172
Skill: Comprehension
Objective: 8.3
Difficulty: 1
QuestionID: 08-1-40
Page-Reference: 172
Skill: Comprehension
Objective: 8.3
41. Suzy has been assigned to a veteran employee for the first week on a new job. She will follow him around
and learn the job by watching how he does it. This process is
vestibule training.
orientation.
performance appraisal.
off-the-job training.
on-the-job training.
Difficulty: 1
QuestionID: 08-1-41
Page-Reference: 172
Skill: Comprehension
Objective: 8.3
42. Elsie, a pilot, is using a simulator to learn how to fly a new jet without ever leaving the ground. In order to
learn this new skill set, Elsie is using
job expansion.
job shadowing.
vestibule training.
job rotation.
on-the-job training.
Difficulty: 1
QuestionID: 08-1-42
Page-Reference: 172
Skill: Comprehension
Objective: 8.3
Difficulty: 2
QuestionID: 08-1-43
Page-Reference: 172
Skill: Comprehension
Objective: 8.3
Answer: a work simulation in which the job is performed under conditions closely simulating the actual work
environment.
44. The informal interactions among managers for the purpose of discussing mutual problems, solutions, and
opportunities is
mentoring.
off-the-job training.
on-the-job training.
group therapy.
networking.
Difficulty: 2
QuestionID: 08-1-44
Page-Reference: 172
Skill: Knowledge
Objective: 8.3
Answer: networking.
45. When an older, more experienced manager sponsors and teaches a younger, less experienced manager, this
is known as
mentoring.
off-the-job training.
on-the-job training.
group therapy.
networking.
Difficulty: 2
QuestionID: 08-1-45
Page-Reference: 172
Skill: Knowledge
Objective: 8.3
Answer: mentoring.
Difficulty: 1
QuestionID: 08-1-46
Page-Reference: 172
Skill: Comprehension
Objective: 8.3
47. The ranking method which consists of a statement or question about some aspect of an individual's job
performance is called
a graphic rating scale.
the critical incident method.
the forced distribution method.
a simple ranking system.
the degree of agreement method.
Difficulty: 1
QuestionID: 08-1-47
Page-Reference: 173
Skill: Knowledge
Objective: 8.3
48. Adam, the manager of sewing production, has been asked to rank-order his team from top to bottom. This is
an example of what type of ranking method?
High-low feedback
Graphic rating
Top-down order ranking
Forced distribution
Simple ranking
Difficulty: 1
QuestionID: 08-1-48
Page-Reference: 173
Skill: Comprehension
Objective: 8.3
Difficulty: 2
QuestionID: 08-1-49
Page-Reference: 173
Skill: Knowledge
Objective: 8.3
Difficulty: 2
QuestionID: 08-1-50
Page-Reference: 172
Skill: Comprehension
Objective: 8.3
Answer: The appraisal process begins when the manager defines performance standards for the employee.
51. Suppose a manager decides that 10 percent of the employees in her department will be categorized as
"outstanding." She is using which tool of performance appraisal?
Simple ranking method
Complex ranking method
Forced distribution
Graphic rating scale
All-or-nothing method
Difficulty: 2
QuestionID: 08-1-51
Page-Reference: 173
Skill: Comprehension
Objective: 8.3
Difficulty: 2
QuestionID: 08-1-52
Page-Reference: 173
Skill: Comprehension
Objective: 8.3
53. Jake is reviewing his salary, the bonus plan, the profit-sharing plan, and the benefit program. Jake is looking
at the
wages system.
salary system.
compensation system.
pay-for-performance system.
merit salary system.
Difficulty: 2
QuestionID: 08-1-53
Page-Reference: 174
Skill: Comprehension
Objective: 8.4
54. Wages are paid for ________, while salary is paid for ________.
getting a job done; time worked
time worked; number of units produced
number of units produced; getting a job done
time worked or number of units produced; getting a job done
time worked; getting a job done
Difficulty: 2
QuestionID: 08-1-54
Page-Reference: 174
Skill: Knowledge
Objective: 8.4
Difficulty: 1
QuestionID: 08-1-55
Page-Reference: 174
Skill: Comprehension
Objective: 8.4
Answer: wages.
56. _______ generally refer to hourly compensation paid to operating employees, while _______ generally refers
to a yearly amount that is to be paid to an employee.
Workers' compensation; salary
Salary; bonus
Bonus pay; salary
Salary; wages
Wages; salary
Difficulty: 1
QuestionID: 08-1-56
Page-Reference: 174
Skill: Knowledge
Objective: 8.4
Difficulty: 2
QuestionID: 08-1-57
Page-Reference: 174
Skill: Comprehension
Objective: 8.4
Answer: The term "compensation" refers to a number of different elements, including base salary, incentives, bonuses,
benefits, and other rewards that employees receive.
Difficulty: 1
QuestionID: 08-1-58
Page-Reference: 175
Skill: Knowledge
Objective: 8.4
59. A survey by the Conference Board of Canada found that _____ percent of Canadian companies offer
incentive programs.
20
33
48
64
80
Difficulty: 1
QuestionID: 08-1-59
Page-Reference: 174
Skill: Knowledge
Objective: 8.4
Answer: 80
60. A survey by the Conference Board of Canada found that _____percent of the companies that have an
incentive programs don't measure the effectiveness of the programs.
23
36
44
51
69
Difficulty: 1
QuestionID: 08-1-60
Page-Reference: 174
Skill: Knowledge
Objective: 8.4
Answer: 69
Difficulty: 2
QuestionID: 08-1-61
Page-Reference: 174
Skill: Comprehension
Objective: 8.4
Answer: salary.
Difficulty: 2
QuestionID: 08-1-62
Page-Reference: 174
Skill: Comprehension
Objective: 8.4
Difficulty: 1
QuestionID: 08-1-63
Page-Reference: 174
Skill: Comprehension
Objective: 8.4
Answer: benefits.
Difficulty: 1
QuestionID: 08-1-64
Page-Reference: 175
Skill: Comprehension
Objective: 8.4
65. The type of incentive program for major league baseball players that will pay them extra money for hitting
over .300 or making the All-Star team is called
gainsharing.
variable pay.
profit-sharing.
stock options.
a bonus.
Difficulty: 2
QuestionID: 08-1-65
Page-Reference: 175
Skill: Comprehension
Objective: 8.4
Answer: a bonus.
66. Under _________, profits earned above a certain level are distributed to employees, while under __________,
bonuses are distributed to employees when a company's costs are reduced through greater work efficiency.
protection plans; pay-for-knowledge plans
profit-sharing; gainsharing
gainsharing; profit-sharing
a piece-rate incentive plan; a salary plan
none of these
Difficulty: 2
QuestionID: 08-1-66
Page-Reference: 175
Skill: Comprehension
Objective: 8.4
Difficulty: 3
QuestionID: 08-1-67
Page-Reference: 175
Skill: Comprehension
Objective: 8.4
Answer: gainsharing.
Difficulty: 3
QuestionID: 08-1-68
Page-Reference: 175
Skill: Comprehension
Objective: 8.4
Answer: Profit-sharing rewards employees based on the profit the company earns, while gainsharing rewards employees
on the basis of productivity improvements.
69. After a very successful year when the firm exceeded targeted earnings levels by 10 percent, each employee
received extra pay equal to 10 percent of what they earned for the year. This plan is called
merit salary.
pay-for-knowledge.
profit-sharing.
gainsharing.
pay-for-performance.
Difficulty: 2
QuestionID: 08-1-69
Page-Reference: 175
Skill: Comprehension
Objective: 8.4
Answer: profit-sharing.
Difficulty: 2
QuestionID: 08-1-70
Page-Reference: 175
Skill: Knowledge
Objective: 8.4
71. Shawn has been hurt while working on his job. The cost for him to have the injury repaired and to recuperate
is covered under
major medical insurance.
disability insurance.
health insurance.
workers' compensation.
hospitalization insurance.
Difficulty: 2
QuestionID: 08-1-71
Page-Reference: 175
Skill: Comprehension
Objective: 8.4
72. Rosalyn belongs to a company with a wellness program. The program may include
employment insurance.
better health insurance.
stress management programs.
life insurance.
workers' compensation.
Difficulty: 2
QuestionID: 08-1-72
Page-Reference: 176
Skill: Comprehension
Objective: 8.4
Difficulty: 2
QuestionID: 08-1-73
Page-Reference: 176
Skill: Application
Objective: 8.4
Answer: Use a cafeteria benefit plan and let the employee select the benefits within a set monetary limit
74. Besides financial compensation, an organization provides its employees with an array of other indirect
compensation called
workers' compensation.
training.
benefits.
360 degree feedback.
mentoring.
Difficulty: 2
QuestionID: 08-1-74
Page-Reference: 175
Skill: Knowledge
Objective: 8.4
Answer: benefits.
Difficulty: 2
QuestionID: 08-1-75
Page-Reference: 175
Skill: Comprehension
Objective: 8.4
Difficulty: 2
QuestionID: 08-1-76
Page-Reference: 176
Skill: Knowledge
Objective: 8.5
77. The ________ is federal legislation that designates four groups as employment disadvantaged: women,
visible minorities, aboriginal people, and people with disabilities.
Equal Pay Act of 1963
Canadian Human Rights Act
Fair Labour Standards Act
Employment Equity Act of 1986
Canadian Employment Rights Act
Difficulty: 2
QuestionID: 08-1-77
Page-Reference: 176
Skill: Knowledge
Objective: 8.5
78. If a fitness centre hires only women to supervise the women's locker room, it can do so without being
discriminatory because of
anti-discrimination laws.
The Canadian Human Rights Act of 1977.
the bona fide occupational requirement concept.
comparable worth.
affirmative action.
Difficulty: 2
QuestionID: 08-1-78
Page-Reference: 176
Skill: Comprehension
Objective: 8.5
Difficulty: 2
QuestionID: 08-1-79
Page-Reference: 176
Skill: Comprehension
Objective: 8.5
Answer: To ensure that everyone who wants a job has an equal opportunity to compete for it
80. What is the difference between the Employment Equity Act of 1986 and the Canadian Human Rights Act of
1977?
The former applies only to government employees, while the latter applies only to private-sector employees.
The former prohibits employment discrimination against four designated groups (women, visible minorities, Aboriginal
people, and people with disabilities), while the latter prohibits a variety of practices in recruiting, selecting, and dismissing
personnel.
The former supersedes the latter.
The former doesn't try to achieve employment equity, while the latter does.
All of these statements are correct.
Difficulty: 3
QuestionID: 08-1-80
Page-Reference: 176
Skill: Comprehension
Objective: 8.5
Answer: The former prohibits employment discrimination against four designated groups (women, visible minorities,
Aboriginal people, and people with disabilities), while the latter prohibits a variety of practices in recruiting, selecting, and
dismissing personnel.
81. Comparing dissimilar jobs, such as those of nurses and mechanics, would be most likely necessary if a
manager is pursuing the idea of
bona fide occupational requirement.
affirmative action.
comparable worth.
reverse discrimination.
equal pay.
Difficulty: 1
QuestionID: 08-1-81
Page-Reference: 176
Skill: Knowledge
Objective: 8.5
Difficulty: 3
QuestionID: 08-1-82
Page-Reference: 176
Skill: Comprehension
Objective: 8.5
Answer: wages should be the same for men and women who hold jobs which are of comparable value to the firm.
83. What is the main argument that opponents of comparable worth make?
Women are not as strong as men.
The average woman spends a lower proportion of her potential years of work actually working.
Comparable worth ignores the supply and demand aspects of labour.
Comparable worth costs too much money.
Women live longer than men.
Difficulty: 2
QuestionID: 08-1-83
Page-Reference: 177
Skill: Comprehension
Objective: 8.5
Answer: Comparable worth ignores the supply and demand aspects of labour.
84. Mimi, a senior secretary, has a value to the company that is about the same as Tom, who is a mechanic. She
has found out that Tom is paid about the same as she is. The firm's successful program is
equal pay.
male subjugation.
comparable worth.
affirmative action.
reverse discrimination.
Difficulty: 2
QuestionID: 08-1-84
Page-Reference: 176
Skill: Comprehension
Objective: 8.5
Difficulty: 2
QuestionID: 08-1-85
Page-Reference: 177
Skill: Knowledge
Objective: 8.5
86. Jane, a supervisor, has offered George, a subordinate, a raise and promotion in exchange for a sexual
relationship. This is an example of ________ harassment.
employment-at-will
quid pro quo
reverse discrimination
affirmative action
hostile work environment
Difficulty: 3
QuestionID: 08-1-86
Page-Reference: 177
Skill: Comprehension
Objective: 8.5
Difficulty: 2
QuestionID: 08-1-87
Page-Reference: 177
Skill: Comprehension
Objective: 8.5
Answer: if management knew about the harassment but decided to do nothing about it.
Difficulty: 3
QuestionID: 08-1-88
Page-Reference: 177
Skill: Comprehension
Objective: 8.5
89. Safety supervisors and workers' compensation boards have to deal with claims of repetitive strain injuries.
Repetitive strain injuries
account for a clear majority of all time-loss claims.
are injuries that are not work-related.
account for nearly half of all time-loss claims.
account for one-quarter of all time-loss claims.
are very rare.
Difficulty: 3
QuestionID: 08-1-89
Page-Reference: 178
Skill: Knowledge
Objective: 8.5
Difficulty: 2
QuestionID: 08-1-90
Page-Reference: 178
Skill: Knowledge
Objective: 8.5
Answer: allows individuals to contribute to a defined contribution pension plan even if their employer does not offer a
pension plan.
Difficulty: 1
QuestionID: 08-1-91
Page-Reference: 178
Skill: Knowledge
Objective: 8.6
92. Programs that are designed to improve employee awareness of differences in attitudes and behaviors of co-
workers from different racial, ethnic, or gender groups are called
diversity training.
affirmative action.
comparable worth.
equal employment opportunity.
sensitivity training.
Difficulty: 2
QuestionID: 08-1-92
Page-Reference: 178
Skill: Knowledge
Objective: 8.6
Difficulty: 1
QuestionID: 08-1-93
Page-Reference: 179
Skill: Knowledge
Objective: 8.6
Answer: engineers.
Difficulty: 2
QuestionID: 08-1-94
Page-Reference: 179
Skill: Comprehension
Objective: 8.6
Difficulty: 2
QuestionID: 08-1-95
Page-Reference: 179
Skill: Comprehension
Objective: 8.6
Answer: Training updates are important for knowledge workers so that their skills do not become obsolete.
96. The process by which union leaders and management personnel negotiate common terms and conditions of
employment is known as
mediation.
collective bargaining.
labour unions.
arbitration.
certification.
Difficulty: 2
QuestionID: 08-1-96
Page-Reference: 180
Skill: Knowledge
Objective: 8.7
Difficulty: 2
QuestionID: 08-1-97
Page-Reference: 180
Skill: Comprehension
Objective: 8.7
98. Collective bargaining is the process through which ________ and ________ negotiate an agreement
concerning working conditions.
an employee; an employer
union leaders; the company's employees
managers; their subordinates
union leaders; management
an employee; management
Difficulty: 1
QuestionID: 08-1-98
Page-Reference: 180
Skill: Knowledge
Objective: 8.7
Difficulty: 2
QuestionID: 08-1-99
Page-Reference: 180
Skill: Comprehension
Objective: 8.7
Difficulty: 2
QuestionID: 08-1-100
Page-Reference: 180
Skill: Knowledge
Objective: 8.7
101. Approximately what proportion of the non-farm work force in Canada is unionized?
Less than one-fifth
Less than one-third
About 40 percent
About one-half
More than two-thirds
Difficulty: 3
QuestionID: 08-1-101
Page-Reference: 180
Skill: Knowledge
Objective: 8.7
102. Which of the following is one of the factors which helps to explain the lack of growth in union membership?
Lack of effort in recruiting new union members
The workforce is increasingly employed in the high-tech sector
Higher profitability of businesses
Lower unemployment rates
Effective anti-union strategies of employers
Difficulty: 2
QuestionID: 08-1-102
Page-Reference: 180
Skill: Knowledge
Objective: 8.7
Difficulty: 3
QuestionID: 08-1-104
Page-Reference: 180
Skill: Knowledge
Objective: 8.8
Difficulty: 1
QuestionID: 08-1-105
Page-Reference: 181
Skill: Knowledge
Objective: 8.8
106. The ________ provided for compulsory investigation of labour disputes by a government-appointed board
before a strike was allowed.
Constitution Act of 1867
Industrial Disputes Investigation Act
Canada Labour Code
Privy Council Order 1003
Ontario Labour Relations Act
Difficulty: 1
QuestionID: 08-1-106
Page-Reference: 180
Skill: Knowledge
Objective: 8.8
MEDICAL.
Eglantine.—If the teeth become loosened, and the gums show a
tendency to bleed on slight provocation, use a mouth-wash of
tincture of myrrh; add about a teaspoonful of tincture of myrrh to
half a tumblerful of water, and rinse out your mouth and wash
your teeth with it. The “tincture of myrrh and borax” of the shops
is made by mixing tincture of myrrh with glycerine of borax. Both
these are pharmacopœial preparations.
A Japanese Girl.—In common parlance we use the term “fainting” to
express any condition in which a person acutely loses
consciousness and falls to the ground. The term therefore includes
epilepsy, apoplexy, sunstroke, acute syncope, and the condition
which you wish to know about, ordinary fainting fits, or semi-
syncope. The fits, as everybody knows, occur chiefly in young
women and girls who are anæmic or hysterical. They consist of a
momentary weakness of the heart-beat, as the result of which the
brain is insufficiently supplied with blood, and the person drops
down “in a heap.” This sudden falling lowers the position of the
head, and so prevents the brain from becoming anæmic. When a
person faints, or feels faint, her head should be lowered; if she is
sitting in a chair, her head should be forced down to her knees; if
she is standing up, she should be placed upon her back. How
often we see kind-hearted persons carrying a fainting girl out of
church, taking care to keep her head well raised! Sal volatile, cold
water and brandy are sometimes given to fainting girls, but none
of these is necessary, and the brandy usually does harm. Though
fainting looks very dangerous, it is really very trivial. We have
never seen a death during one of these young women’s fainting
fits.
Lady Babbie.—It is related of a great physician that a girl once came
to him complaining, as you do, that she made horrible grimaces,
moving her scalp and eyebrows about in a most absurd manner,
and making herself look ridiculous. Of course he knew at once
what was the matter, and said to her, “Let me see you make these
grimaces.” When she had finished, he said to her, “What you have
got the matter with you is of no moment, but I warn you not to let
anyone see you making those grimaces, because when you do so
you present a striking resemblance to Mrs. ——” (a famous
criminal of the time, then “wanted” by the police), “and you may
get run in if you don’t take care!” This so frightened the girl that
she never made grimaces again! This curious habit can be cured,
as you see. It is semi-involuntary—that is, it was originally
voluntary, but from constant repetition it has become a habit. It is
a habit from which you must break yourself. It is no good saying
you cannot—we say you can; but you must try, and at present
avoid anything which is liable to produce it. We have not asked
you to do anything impossible—“to do lessons or anything of that
sort”—but why do you have such an objection “to do lessons or
anything of that sort?” You will find that there are more
unpleasant things in life than lessons!
MISCELLANEOUS.
Rebecca.—The invention of the gamut and the lines of the stave is
attributed to D’Arezzo, an Italian who flourished in the eleventh
century. At the Vatican, and in the King’s Library, Paris, there are
valuable copies of his famous Micrologus.
Perplexed.—We think it would be for your own happiness if you
cleared up the question, as no honest man has any right to be
paying his addresses to two women at once. If you have a mother,
you had better let her make the inquiry.
Marguerite.—The simnel-cakes made in Lent, at Eastertide, and
Christmas, in Shropshire and Herefordshire—more especially at
Shrewsbury—date back to great antiquity. Herrick speaks of them
in one of his epigrams, from which it appears that at Gloucester it
was the custom for young people to carry simnels to their mothers
on mid-Lent Sunday, called “Mothering Sunday.” In Mediæval Latin
it is called siminellus, and is derived from the Latin simila, or fine
flour. Like the religious signification of the hot-cross-buns, the
simnel-cakes were, in early times, marked with a figure of Christ
or of the Virgin Mary. The Pagan Saxons ate cakes in honour or
commemoration of their goddess Eastre, and, unable to prevent
people from so doing as a heathen custom, the Christian clergy
had the buns marked with a cross, to remind them of our Lord
and His work of redemption.
Troubled One.—We are well acquainted with the infidel argument that
“the death of one man could not atone for, nor make restitution
for, the sins and the debts of millions of other men.” But first,
Christ was the Second Person of the Divine Trinity, and One with
the Father and the Holy Ghost, and His was an infinite sacrifice for
finite sin; an infinite satisfaction for finite indebtedness. Secondly,
as man’s rebellion was against his Creator, and the unfulfilled
obligations were to Him, his Creator had an absolute right to
punish, or forgive, to claim, or to remit man’s debt on His Own
terms. Thus, if He said, “I will accept man’s acknowledgment of
sin and indebtedness to Me, if he offer a lamb in token thereof,”
He had an indisputable right to do so; and when He accepts a
Divine, and therefore infinite sacrifice, He has a right to do so.
Who may presume to question it?
Two Chums.—The phrase, “Once in a blue moon” means “very rarely,”
and the originator of the phrase exaggerated what it was designed
to mean, as it expresses not rarity only, but impossibility of
occurrence, as there is no such thing as a “blue” moon, any more
than a personage correctly designated “Blue Beard.”
Constant Reader appears to have overlooked many answers to her
question. Brides do not supply house-linen, nor furniture, nor any
household requisites. If her parents like to make a present of such
a nature, it is perfectly gratuitous. The bridegroom is naturally to
have a home suitable for the reception of his bride when he takes
her from her father’s house.
Tom Tit.—Certainly there are books on conchology. You have only to
inquire at a good librarian’s.
MacNally.—Inquire in the Will Department, Somerset House, and see
those of that date. You should give the names and probable date;
1s. is charged for a search through each year, we believe. We
have looked in the London Directory and the Royal Red Book, and
did not see your cousin’s address.
A. Neighbour.—To obtain any particulars respecting the writer Mary E.
Wilkins, you had better write to her publisher.
Antiquary.—Of all the ancient nations of which we possess historical
records, Egypt stands first. According to Canon Rawlinson (quoted
by Dawson), history and archæological discoveries give the
earliest date as 2760 b.c.; of Babylon, as 2300 b.c.; of Phœnicia,
as 1700 b.c.; of Assyria, as 1500 b.c.; of India, as 1200 b.c., and of
China, as 1154 b.c. Whether any new light has been thrown on the
subject by more recent investigations and discoveries than what
we receive from Canon Rawlinson, we are not at this moment
prepared to say.
Country Lass.—Rosemary-tea is excellent for promoting the growth of
the hair. Chemists prepare it in a cleaner form than you can at
home. You cannot make your hair “wavy and glossy” unless the
hair have flattened sides to each tube (we mean if the hair be
round it will not curl), and if naturally rough, any gloss artificially
produced would only be through greasiness. Joan and Jane are
feminines of the Hebrew name John—“the gracious gift of God.”
Amateur Stamp Collector.—With reference to the uses made by the
authorities at the Asile des Billodes, at Le Locle, we can only
repeat what we were told by a Swiss lady, who has long
maintained a girl herself in this special institution, that “she
believed the stamps were sent to, and made into papier maché at,
Nüremberg”; so for whatever other uses they are employed, or to
whatever other destinations they may be sent (perhaps exclusive
of those at Le Locle, according to their printed advertisement), it
seems that a large proportion goes to that place. We have the
paper, a copy of which you are so good as to send, and are quite
ready to believe our friend was mistaken as regards the Asile she
helps to support.
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