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Burlington English Grammar:: An Eclectic Approach
Grade 4
Chapter 1 | Nouns
Answer Key
Let’s Understand
B. Concrete Noun: area, people, aunt, house, garden
Abstract Noun: calmness, confidence, courage, imagination, patience
Let’s Understand: Gender
Masculine Gender Compound Nouns: landlord, peacock, milkman
Feminine Gender Compound Nouns: landlady, peahen, milkmaid
Let’s Practise
A. Proper Nouns: Damanpreet, Daman and Diu, Red Fort, Sikkim
Common Nouns: bag, city, island, boat
Abstract Nouns: despair, thoughts, intelligence, safety
B. 1. Music can make people happy.
2. The fear of falling from the stairs made the child cry.
3. It is sometimes hard to find good people.
4. Sheena is filled with happiness.
C. 1. grandfather 2. headmistress
3. landlord 4. milkmaid
5. policeman 6. mother-in-law
D. Accept all logical answers.
© Burlington Group 2023

Burlington English Grammar: An Eclectic Approach
Grade 4
Chapter 2 | Possessive Nouns
Answer Key
Let’s Understand
B.
’s shows possession for ’shows possession for ’s shows possession for
singular nouns. plural nouns. irregular plural nouns.
my father’s car the boys’ bats the women’s babies
(the babies of the women)
the dog’s tail the teachers’ room the children’s shirts

the elephant’s legs the cats’ tails the geese’s gosling
(the legs of the elephant) (the tails of the cats)
’s shows relationship for singular ’ shows relationship for plural nouns.

nouns.
my cousin’s uncle the boys’ fathers
Tom’s aunt the girls’ teachers (the teachers of the
(aunt of Tom) girls)
’ is used after singular noun ending ’s at the end of two singular nouns
with s. joined by ‘and’.
Bess’ sweets (the sweets of Bess) Mira and Kajol’s house
Paras’ seat Father and mother’s room (room of
(the seat of Paras) father and mother)
Let’s Practise
A. 1. neighbours’ 2. traveller’s earphones
3. soldiers’ 4. girl’s
5. children’s 6. doctors’ stethoscopes

B. 1. the pets’ houses 2. the vendor’s newspapers
3. the men’s masks 4. Harry Potter’s wand
5. the witches’ brooms 6. the people’s worries
7. the animals’ kingdom 8. the caterpillar’s legs
C. 1. your neighbours’ car 2. your father’s shirt
3. Aunt Jess’ earring 4. the ladies and the gentlemen’s suitcases
5. Tamas’ kites
D. 1. musicians’ 2. chef’s
3. babies’ 4. mother’s
5. brother’s 6. friend’s
7. Biswas’ 8. Zebras’

Grade 4
Chapter 3 | a / an / the
Answer Key
Let’s Understand
B. a: rainbow, boy, cycle, strawberry, unicorn
an: umbrella
the: red dress, tree
Let’s Practise
A. 1. a 2. x 3. an; a 4. an; the 5. The
6. The; a
B. 1. 0 2. a 3. The 4. the 5. The
6. The 7. the 8. a 9. the 10. a
11. The 12. The 13. the 14. the 15. The
C. Accept all logical answers.

Grade 4
Chapter 4 | Present Simple
Answer Key
Let’s Understand
B.
Present Simple
Positive Negative Question
I dance. I don’t dance. Do I dance?
You dance. You don’t dance. Do you dance?
He dances. He doesn’t dance. Does you dance?
She dances. She doesn’t dance. Does she dance?
It dances. It doesn’t dance. Does it dance?
We dance. We don’t dance. Do we dance?
You dance. You don’t dance. Do you dance?
They dance. They don’t dance. Do they dance?
Let’s Practise
A.
-s -es -ies
lives goes tries
buys catches carries
speaks mixes worries
enjoys dresses studies
plays pushes flies
B. 1. The earth doesn’t travel around the moon.
The earth travels around the sun.
2. Kangaroos don’t live in Africa.
Kangaroos live in Australia.
3. Doctors don’t work in schools.
Doctors work in hospitals.

4. Mount Everest isn’t in Switzerland.
Mount Everest is in Nepal.
5. The sun doesn’t rise in the west.
The sun rises in the east.
6. Bees don’t make milk.
Bees make honey.
C. 1. lives 2. have got 3. grow 4. loves 5. carries
6. is 7. talks 8. doesn’t want
E. 1. Does Tom swim on Wednesdays?
No, he doesn’t.
2. Do Sia and Tom clean their bedrooms on Mondays?
Yes, they do.
3. Do Sia and Tom take the dogs for a walk on Fridays?
No, they don’t.
4. Does Sia practise the piano twice a week?
Yes, she does.
5. Do Sia and Tom visit their grandparents on Wednesdays?
Yes, they do.
6. Does Tom play basketball every day?
No, he doesn’t.

Grade 4
Chapter 5 | Present Continuous / Present Simple;
Stative Verbs
Answer Key
Let’s Understand
B.
Present Continuous
I am helping. I’m not helping. Am I helping
You are helping. You aren’t helping. Are you helping?
He is helping. He isn’t helping. Is he helping
She is helping. She isn’t helping. Is she helping
It is helping. It isn’t helping. Is it helping
We are helping. We aren’t helping. Are we helping
You are helping. You aren’t helping. Are you helping
They are helping. They aren’t helping. Are they helping
Let’s Practise
A. 1. reading 2. stopping
3. flying 4. having
5. opening 6. beginning
7. writing 8. lying
9. making 10. running
11. tying 12. travelling
B. 1. closes 2. don’t believe; aren’t telling
3. don’t understand; said 4. cooks; is studying
5. belongs
C. 1. study 2. play 3. are practising
4. are learning 5. don’t like / do not like 6. are making
7. are helping

D. 1. Are you playing computer games now?
2. Are you listening to music now?
3. Are you learning French at school this year?
4. Do you watch TV in the evenings?
5. Is your friend talking on the phone at the moment?
6. Do you want a snack right now?
Accept all logical answers for the second part of the question.

Grade 6
Chapter 6 | Adjectives / Adverbs: Comparatives
and Superlatives
Answer Key
Let’s Understand
B.
Adjectives
Adjective Comparative Superlative
big big biggest
cheap cheaper cheapest
funny funnier funniest
exciting more exciting most exciting
interesting more interesting most interesting
new newer newest
much more most
good better best
bad worse worst
Adverbs
Adverb Comparative Superlative
slowly more slowly most slowly
quickly more quickly most quickly
carefully more carefully most carefully
dangerously more dangerously most dangerously
well better best
hard harder hardest
Let’s Practise
A. 1. Hoover is thinner than Icy. 2. Hoover is smaller than Icy.
3. Hoover is happier than Icy. 4. Hoover is friendlier than Icy.
5. Icy is prettier than Hoover. 6. Icy is bigger than Hoover.
7. Icy is lazier than Hoover. 8. Icy is fatter than Hoover.

B. 1. September is the worst month of the year.
2. Basketball is the most fantastic sport.
3. Dogs are the friendliest pets.
4. English is the hardest subject at school.
5. Saturday is the most boring day of the week.
C. 1. Earth is not / isn’t as big as Saturn.
2. Scooters are not / aren’t as fast as motorbikes.
3. Zebras are not / aren’t as tall as giraffes.
4. Chocolate is not / isn’t healthy as fruit.
5. Fish are not / aren’t as clever as dolphins.
6. Autumn is not / isn’t as cold as winter.
D. 1. best 2. quieter 3. cooler 4. most relaxing
5. expensive 6. more exciting 7. most boring 8. better
9. cheapest 10. most interesting

Grade 4
Chapter 7 | Relative Pronouns
Answer Key
Let’s Understand
B. people:
who / that
animal / things:
which / that
possession:
whose
Let’s Practise
A. 1. that 2. which 3. who 4. whose 5. that
6. whose 7. which
B. 1. who 2. which 3. who 4. whose 5. which
6. who 7. which 8. which
D. 1. whose – f 2. who / that – b 3. which / that – e
4. that / which – c 5. whose – a 6. that / which – d
E. 1. which are scary 2. who is in hospital
3. whose hair is brown 4. which is very loud
5. who is playing basketball 6. which sleeps on the couch
F. 1. London is a city that / which millions of tourists visit.
2. Jennifer Lawrence is the actress who / that stars in the new film.
3. WWF is an organisation which / that protects wildlife.
4. Brazil is a country whose flag is green, yellow and blue.
5. Tennis is a sport that / which people play all over the world.
6. Flamingos are birds whose legs are long.
G. 1. which 2. who 3. whose
4. which 5. which 6. whose

Grade 4
Chapter 8 | Regular and Irregular Verbs
Answer Key
Let’s Understand
B. Regular verbs: studied, talked, listened, cleaned, played.
Irregular verbs: went, came, swam, ate, read
Let’s Practise
A. 1. Tina walked to her cousin’s house. She took a box of cookies for them.
2. Rama danced at the party with her friends. They ate lots of food and drank lots
of lemonade.
3. She jumped and fell down from the fence. She hurt her leg.
4. The workers went to their house and painted it.
5. The boy shouted at the old man but the girl spoke politely. The boy felt
ashamed of himself.
6. Sheena thought of going to the park but then decided to study.
B. 1. brought 2. called 3. sold 4. swam 5. created
6. slept 7. stretched 8. came 9. served 10. showed
11. taught 12. carried 13. were 14. visited 15. grew
16. sat 17. wished 18. watched 19. ran 20. learnt
21. filled 22. ate 23. drove 24. danced

Grade 4
Chapter 9 | Past Simple; used to
Answer Key
Let’s Understand
B.
Past Simple
I played. I didn’t play. Did I play?
You played. You didn’t play. Did you play?
He played. He didn’t play. Did he play?
She played. She didn’t play. Did she play?
It played. It didn’t play. Did it play?
We played. We didn’t play. Did we play?
you played. You didn’t play. Did you play?
They played. They didn’t play. Did they play?
used to
I used to swim. I didn’t use to swim. Did I use to swim?
You used to swim. You didn’t use to swim. Did you use to swim?
He used to swim. He didn’t use to swim. Did he use to swim?
She used to swim. She didn’t use to swim. Did she use to swim?
It used to swim. It didn’t use to swim. Did it use to swim?
We used to swim. We didn’t use to swim. Did we use to swim?
You used to swim. You didn’t use to swim. Did you use to swim?
They used to swim. They didn’t use to swim. Did they use to swim?
Let’s Practise
A. 1. were 2. died 3. lived 4. gave 5. helped
6. grew up 7. wanted 8. went 9. built 10. called
B. Accept all logical answers.

C. 1. Did Pooja talk on the phone with Sameer?
Yes, she did.
2. Did Dinesh watch TV last night?
No, he didn’t. He went to a show.
3. Did Anita and Manav eat salad for dinner?
No, they didn’t. They ate burgers.
4. Did Supreet play in the park yesterday?
No, she didn’t. She stayed at home.
D. 1. used to go 2. Did; use to be 3. used to get up
4. did not use to start 5. Did; use to learn 6. used to count
7. used to bring 8. used to show

Grade 4
Chapter 10 | Past Continuous/ Past Simple
Answer Key
Let’s Understand
B.
Past Continuous
I was walking. I wasn’t walking. Was I walking?
You were walking. You weren’t walking. Were you walking?
He was walking. He wasn’t walking. Was he walking?
She was walking. She wasn’t walking. Was she walking?
It was walking. It wasn’t walking. Was it walking?
We were walking. We weren’t walking. Were we walking?
You were walking. You weren’t walking. Were you walking?
They were walking. They weren’t walking. Were they walking?
Let’s Practise
A. 1. were walking 2. were swimming
3. was reading 4. was writing
5. was talking
B. 1. Were you sleeping at four o’clock yesterday afternoon?
2. Were you talking to your friends when your teacher came into the classroom?
3. Were you watching TV at eight o’clock yesterday morning?
4. Were you using the computer at 11.00 last night?
5. Was your teacher talking when the bell rang?
Accept all logical answers for the last part of the question.
C. 1. was shining 2. went 3. wasn’t watching
4. met 5. walked 6. started
7. wasn’t waiting 8. was cooking

D. 1. While 2. when 3. while 4. When 5. while
6. when 7. when 8. While
E. 1. read 2. wrote 3. happened 4. were staying 5. was raining
6. opened 7. looked 8. was snowing 9. lived 10. decided
11. didn’t find

Grade 4
Chapter 11 | Present Perfect Simple
Answer Key
Let’s Understand
B.
Present Perfect Simple
Positive Short Form Negative Question
I have seen. I’ve seen. I haven’t seen. Have I seen?
You have seen. You’ve seen. You haven’t seen. Have you seen?
He has seen. He’s seen. He hasn’t seen. Has he seen?
She has seen. She’s seen. She hasn’t seen. Has she seen?
It has seen. It’s seen. It hasn’t seen. Has it seen?
We have seen. We’ve seen. Were we walking? Have we seen?
You have seen. You’ve seen. Were you walking? Have you seen?
They have seen. they’ve seen. Were they walking? Have they seen?
Let’s Practise
A. 1. broken 2. eaten 3. made 4. done 5. played
6. given 7. known 8. found 9. had 10. got
11. studied 12. heard 13. seen 14. written 15. slept
B. 1. Fiza hasn’t lived in this house for a long time.
Has Fiza lived in this house for a long time?
2. The film hasn’t begun.
Has the film begun?
3. They haven’t always had a dog.
Have they always had a dog?
4. Meera has been in London since Friday.
Has Meera been in London since Friday?
5. We have worked here for two years.
Have we worked here for two years?

6. I have known Sanjay for a long time.
I haven’t known Sanjay for a long time.
C. 1. have already had 2. have always lived
3. have travelled 4. have not flown
5. has never heard 6. has just finished
7. have never visited 8. has just won
D. 1. since 2. since 3. for
4. since 5. for 6. since
E. 1. has gone to 2. has gone to 3. have been to
4. Has; been to 5. have gone to 6. haven’t been to
F. 1. ever 2. never 3. already
4. yet 5. just 6. so far

Grade 4
Chapter 12 | Present Perfect Simple / Past Simple
Answer Key
Let’s Understand
B.
Present Perfect Simple Past Simple
I have never bought food in this shop. I bought food here yesterday.
You have already heard the news. You heard the news a few hours ago.
Let’s Practise
A. 1. We haven’t seen the new film yet. PPS
2. Pamela has already come home from school. PPS
3. Did you go shopping yesterday? PS
4. We have never visited the United States. PPS
5. I spoke to him a week ago. PS
6. She didn’t go to Joe’s party last night. PS
7. Have you ever eaten Italian food? PPS
8. Pranav and Madhu moved to this house in 2010. PS
B. 1. b 2. a 3. b 4. a 5. b
6. a 7. a 8. b
C. 1. didn’t have 2. wanted 3. lived
4. wrote 5. have changed 6. started
7. invented 8. has become
D. 1. Did Mark wash the car yesterday?
No, he didn’t. He cleaned the house.
2. Has Hamid ever visited London?
No, he hasn’t. He has visited New York.
3. Has the baby already gone to sleep?
No, it hasn’t. It just had a bath.

4. Did they go to the game last night?
No, they didn’t. They watched it on TV.
5. Did Mary and Bill go shopping on Saturday?
No, they didn’t. They stayed at home.
6. Have they just finished supper?
No, they haven’t. They have just started.
E. 1. Have you already fed 2. had 3. Has Mum bought
4. went 5. Have they started 6. was
7. tried 8. have never eaten

Grade 4
Chapter 13 | Future: will / be going to /
Present Continuous
Answer Key
Let’s Understand
B.
Future Simple: will
I will walk. I’ll walk. I won’t walk. Will I walk?
You will walk. You’ll walk. You won’t walk. Will you walk?
He will walk. He’ll walk. He won’t walk. Will he walk?
She will walk. She’ll walk. She won’t walk. Will she walk?
It will walk. It’ll walk. It won’t walk Will it walk?
We will walk. We’ll walk. We won’t walk. Will we walk?
You will walk. You’ll walk. You won’t walk. Will you walk?
They will walk. They’ll walk. They won’t walk. Will they walk?
be going to
I am going to help. I’m going to help. I’m not going to Am I going to
help. help?
You are going to help. You’re going to You’re not going Are you going to
help. to help. help?
He is going to help. He’s going to He’s not going to Is he going to
help. help. help?
She is going to help. She’s going to She’s not going Is she going to
It is going to help. It’s going to help. It’s not going to Is it going to
help. help?
We are going to help. We’re going to We’re not going Are we going to

You are going to help. You’re going to You’re not going Are you going to
They are going to They’re going to They’re not Are they going
help. help. going to help. to help?
Let’s Practise
A. 1. will be 2. will live 3. won’t drive 4. will fly
5. won’t cook 6. will make 7. will do 8. will clean
9. will; help 10. will look after
B. 1. b 2. a 3. b 4. b 5. a
6. a 7. b 8. a
C. 1. am travelling 2. Is; going 3. is visiting
4. is studying 5. Are; doing 6. are painting
7. am playing
D. 1. Will 2. Is 3. Will 4. Are

Grade 4
Chapter 14 | can / could / be able to
Answer Key
Let’s Understand
B.
I am able to tell. I am not able to tell. Am I able to tell?
He / She / It is able He / She / It isn’t able to Is he / she / it able to tell?
to tell. tell.
We / You / They are We / You / They are not / Are we / you / they able to
able to tell. aren’t able to tell. tell?
Let’s Practise
A. 1. Aashi isn’t able to run the marathon.
Is Aashi able to run the marathon?
2. They weren’t able to find tickets for the match.
Were they able to find tickets for the match?
3. Parth will be able to go to work tomorrow.
Will Parth be able to go to work tomorrow?
4. You can go to Haripriya’s party.
Can you go to Haripriya’s party?
B. 1. can’t 2. can
3. can’t 4. could
5. couldn’t 6. Could
C. 1. was able to 2. weren’t able to
3. Will; be able to 4. is able to
5. won’t be able to 6. Was; able to
D. 1. could 2. can
3. won’t be able to 4. couldn’t
5. wasn’t able to 6. Will you

E. 1. Can you stay out late at night?
2. Could you use a computer five years ago?
3. Will you be able to go out with your friends next Saturday?
4. Can you send a text message to your friend?
5. Are you be able to cook dinner by yourself?
6. Were you able to swim six years ago?

Grade 4
Chapter 15 | should / may /must / have to;
to;
Reflexive Pronouns
Answer Key
Let’s Understand
B.
Present I must go/I have to I mustn’t go / I Must I go?/Do I have
go. don’t have to go. to go?
Past I had to go. I don’t have to go. Did I have to go?
Future I will have to go. I won’t have to go. Will I have to go?
Reflexive Pronouns: yourself; himself, ourselves
Let’s Practise
A. 1. should 2. may 3. should
4. should 5. may not 6. shouldn’t
7. shouldn’t 8. may 9. should
10. may
B. 1. has to 2. won’t have to 3. didn’t have to
4. mustn’t 5. had to 6. must
D. 1. yourselves 2. himself 3. yourself 4. herself 5. themselves
6. myself 7. itself 8. ourselves
E. 1. may; yourself 2. shouldn’t; himself
3. should; herself 4. mustn’t; themselves
5. don’t have to; ourselves 6. may; itself

Grade 4
Chapter 16 | Prepositions of Time, Place, and
Direction
Answer Key
Let’s Understand
B.
Prepositions of Time Prepositions of Place Prepositions of Direction
at on towards
since outside to
- next to -
- under -
Let’s Practise
A. 1. on 2. across 3. into
4. by 5. beside 6. at
B. Accept all logical answers. Some answers could be:
1. at 2. through 3. with
4. at 5. under 6. in
C. 1. in 2. On 3. in; to / into
4. in 5. On

Grade 4
Chapter 17 | Conjunctions
Answer Key
Let’s Understand
B.
Why was Rashi wearing a red cap? because she and her friends were going to
a Christmas party
Who was reading the books lying Rashi’s brother and her friend
on the floor?
What would have happened if They would have been very bored.
they had reached early?
Let’s Practise
A. 1. so 2. and 3. but
4. or 5. because 6. nor
B. 1. and 2. nor 3. Although 4. and/or 5. and
6. and 7. and

Grade 4
Chapter 18 | Question Words
Answer Key
Let’s Understand
B.
Question Words to ask about Question Words to ask about
Who people Why reason
What things, animal or Which choice of people,
actions things
Where place Whose possession
When time How the way something
is done
Let’s Practise
A. 1. Which – h 2. Who – a 3. Whose – e
4. Where – f 5. How many – g 6. Why – d
7. What – b 8. When – c
B1. 1. b. 2. d. 3. a.
4. e. 5. f. 6. c.
B2. 1. Where are you going?
I’m going to a football match.
2. How many times have you been to London?
I have been to London three times so far.
3. How long has the cake been in the oven?
The cake has been in the oven for half an hour.
4. What are you looking for?
I’m looking for my glasses.
5. How old is your dog?
My dog is 11 years old.
6. Whose car is this?
It is Jim’s car.
C. 1. How old are you? 2. When is your birthday?
3. Where do you live? 4. How far is your house from school?
5. Who is your favourite singer? 6. Which song do you like the most?
D. 1. Where are the Galapagos Islands?
2. When did Charles Darwin arrive in the Galapagos Islands?
3. How long did Darwin and his men stay there?
4. What did he find there?
5. What did he show us?

Grade 4
Chapter 19 | First Conditionals / Temporals
Answer Key
Let’s Practise
A. 1. b 2. d 3. f
4. a 5. c 6. e
B. 1. unless 2. If 3. if
4. unless 5. If 6. unless
C. 1. I will tell her the news when I see her.
2. After the national football team comes back from Italy, they will celebrate.
3. I will have lunch as soon as I get home.
4. When the weather gets cold, I will wear my new boots.
5. The children won’t go to bed until Mum comes back from the mall.
D. 1. want; will buy 2. will move; gets
3. won’t buy; have 4. gets; won’t go
5. Will you have; leave 6. won’t come; finds
7. will send; get
E. Accept all logical answers.
F. 1. They will go by tram if they don’t catch the bus.
2. The girls will listen to music if they stay at home tonight.
3. Marion will get a gold medal if she wins the race.
4. The boys will play their guitars if they go to the beach party.
5. Jessie will buy a new bike if / when she has enough money.
6. Mark will go to Scotland if he gets a free plane ticket.

Grade 4
Chapter 20 | some / any / every / no
Answer Key
Let’s Understand
B.
some any every no
somebody / anybody / anyone everybody / nobody / no one
someone everyone
something anything everything nothing
somewhere anywhere everywhere nowhere
Let’s Practise
A. 1. some bread 2. any money 3. any flowers
4. some biscuits 5. some friends
B. 1. any 2. anything
3. someone 4. Everything
5. every 6. anywhere
7. no 8. Nobody
9. anything 10. nothing
11. Everything 12. something
C. 1. b 2. a 3. b 4. b 5. a
6. b 7. a 8. a
D. 1. b 2. e 3. d
4. a 5. f 6. c
E. 1. anything 2. no 3. somewhere 4. Everyone 5. everything
6. someone 7. No one 8. any 9. something

Grade 4
Chapter 21 | Past Perfect Simple / Past Simple
Answer Key
Let’s Understand
B.
Past Perfect Simple
I had watched. I’d watched I hadn’t watched. Had I watched?
You had watched. You’d watched. You hadn’t Had you watched?
watched.
He had watched. He’d watched. He hadn’t Had he watched?
watched.
She had watched. She’d watched. She hadn’t Had she watched?
watched.
It had watched. It’d watched. It hadn’t watched. Had it watched?
We had watched. We’d watched. We hadn’t Had we watched?
watched.
You had watched. You’d watched. You hadn’t Had you watched?
watched.
They had watched. They’d watched. They hadn’t Had they watched?
watched.
Let’s Practise
A. 1. He hadn’t finished his project.
Had he finished his project?
2. They hadn’t planned their trip.
Had they planned their trip?
3. She hadn’t gone to work.
Had she gone to work?
4. We had bought a ticket.
Had we bought a ticket?

5. Pamela had lost her phone.
Had Pamela lost her phone?
6. You had read his email.
You hadn’t read his email.
B. 1. already 2. By the time 3. after 4. by the time
5. before
C. 1. had watched 2. had left 3. had finished
4. had not seen 5. had run away 6. had not learnt
D. 1. watched; had played 2. hadn’t finished; went
3. was; had already learnt 4. had already eaten; came
5. had already rung; got
E. 1. Did you ask 2. had already made
3. did you miss 4. arrived
5. had closed

Grade 4
Chapter 22 | Tag Questions
Answer Key
Let’s Understand
B. Present Simple
Positive: You sleep, don’t you?
Negative : You don’t sleep, do you?
Present Continuous
Positive: You are sleeping, aren’t you?
Negative : You aren’t sleeping, are you?
Past Simple
Positive: You sleep, didn’t you?
Negative : You didn’t sleep, did you?
Past Continuous
Positive: You were sleeping, weren’t you?
Negative : You weren’t sleeping, were you?
Future Simple
Positive: You will sleep, won’t you?
Negative : You haven’t slept, will you?
Present Perfect Simple
Positive: You have slept, haven’t you?
Negative : You haven’t slept, have you?
Past Perfect Simple
Positive: You had slept, hadn’t you?
Negative : You hadn’t slept, had you?
Modals
Positive: You can sleep, can’t you?
Negative : You can’t sleep, can you?

Let’s Practise
A. 1. doesn’t she 2. didn’t he 3. will you 4. did they
5. haven’t they 6. can’t you 7. are we 8. was she
9. isn’t he 10. won’t it
B. 1. aren’t you? 2. isn’t it? 3. hasn’t it? 4. won’t they?
C. 1. don’t you 2. have you 3. do you
4. did they 5. weren’t you 6. isn’t it

Grade 4
Chapter 23 | Quantifiers
Answer Key
Let’s Practise
A. 1. many – d 2. a little – a 3. much – e
4. a little – b 5. many – c
B. 1. How many 2. How much 3. How many
4. How many 5. How much 6. How many
C. 1. Neither Parul nor Fran enjoyed the film.
2. Both my sister and my brother love ice skating.
3. We can either cook or order pizza.
4. Both my mum and dad speak English well.
5. Neither Janu nor Susan are coming to the party.
D. 1. much 2. a few 3. a little 4. a little 5. a lot of
6. either 7. a few 8. a few
E. 1. enough 2. too 3. enough 4. very 5. too
6. enough 7. very 8. too 9. enough 10. very
F. 1. both 2. either 3. neither 4. very 5. nor
6. enough 7. too 8. or

Grade 4
Chapter 24 | Present Perfect Continuous / Present
Perfect Simple
Answer Key
Let’s Understand
B.
Present Perfect Coninuous
I have been playing. I haven’t been playing. Have I been playing?
You have been You haven’t been playing. Have you been playing?
playing.
He has been He hasn’t been playing. Has he been playing?
playing.
She has been She hasn’t been playing. Has she been playing?
playing.
It has been playing. It hasn’t been playing. Has it been playing?
We have been We haven’t been playing. Have we been playing?
playing.
You have been You haven’t been playing. Have you been playing?
playing.
They have been They haven’t been playing. Have they been playing?
playing.
Let’s Practise
A. 1. has been talking 2. have been playing
3. hasn’t / has not been sleeping 4. Have they been practising
5. have been learning 6. hasn’t / has not been working
7. have been living 8. have you been watching
B. 1. haven’t been reading; have been reading
2. hasn’t been sleeping; has been sleeping
3. have been climbing
4. hasn’t been drawing; has been taking
5. haven’t been waiting; have been waiting

C. 1. has been studying for
2. has been playing tennis since
3. have been watching the match for
4. has been living in Australia since
5. have been waiting to see the pop star for
E. 1. a 2. b 3. b 4. a 5. a 6. b
F. 1. haven’t spoken 2. Have you seen
3. haven’t answered 4. have been
5. Have you made 6. haven’t started
7. have been fixing up 8. have you been doing
9. have been driving 10. has just moved
11. have come 12. have just arrived

Grade 4
Chapter 25 | Passive (Present Simple)
Answer Key
Let’s Understand
B.
Passive (Present Simple)
Active Passive Negative Question
She invited me. I am invited. I am not invited. Am I invited?
She invited you. You are invited. You are not invited. Are you invited?
She invited him. He is invited. He is not invited. Is he invited?
She invited her. She is invited. She is not invited. Is she invited?
She invited it. It is invited. It is not invited. Is it invited?
She invited us. We are invited. We are not invited. Are we invited?
She invited you. You are invited. You are not invited. Are you invited?
She invited them. They are invited. They are not invited. Are they invited?
Let’s Practise
A. 1. is 2. are 3. are 4. Is 5. are 6. am
B. 1. are bought – d 2. is made – c
3. is used – h 4. is put – f
5. are sold – e 6. are worn – g
7. are built – a 8. is kept – b
C. 1. Polar bears are found in the Arctic.
2. Chocolate is made from cocoa beans.
3. Fish are eaten by penguins.
4. Jaipur is visited by many tourists.
5. Four languages are spoken in Switzerland.
6. Kimonos are worn by women in Japan.

D. 1. Is your class taken on school trips every month?
2. Is music taught at your school?
3. Are football matches organised at your school?
4. Are you given any pocket money?
5. Are you allowed to stay out late at night?

Grade 4
Chapter 26 | Passive (Past Simple)
Answer Key
Let’s Understand
B.
Passive (Past Simple)
Active Passive Negative Question
They asked me. I was asked. I wasn’t asked. Was I asked?
They asked you. You were asked. You weren’t asked. Were you asked?
They asked him. He was asked. He wasn’t asked. Was he asked?
They asked her. She was asked. She wasn’t asked. Was she asked?
They asked it. It was asked. It wasn’t asked. Was it asked?
They asked us. We were asked. We weren’t asked. Were we asked?
They asked you. You were asked. You weren’t asked. Were you asked?
They asked them. They were asked. They weren’t asked. Were they asked?
Let’s Practise
A. 1. were bought 2. weren’t taken 3. were caught 4. Were
5. was filmed 6. were watched 7. Was 8. weren’t taught
C. 1. Was; collected 2. wasn’t / was not stolen 3. Was; hurt
4. wasn’t made 5. weren’t / were not bought 6. were sent
7. was drawn 8. was performed
D. 1. was taken 2. were met 3. were shown
4. were given 5. were made 6. were drawn
7. were used 8. were taught
E. 1. Where were the first jeans made? b
2. Who was Sherlock Holmes written by? e
3. When was tennis first played? d
4. Which mountain was climbed by Sir Edmund Hillary in 1953? c
5. What game was played by the ancient Greeks and Romans? a
Grade 4
Chapter 27 | Gerunds
Answer Key
Let’s Practise
A. 1. inviting 2. watching 3. putting
4. buying 5. thinking 6. listening
B. 1. What does Ben hate eating?
Ben / He hates eating broccoli.
2. Who enjoys making pizza?
Peter enjoys making pizza.
3. Which city does Farida dream of visiting?
Farida / She dreams of visiting Rome.
4. Who is John interested in meeting?
John / He is interested in meeting a famous football player.
5. When do the kids start studying in the afternoon?
The kids / They start studying at three o’clock.
C. 1. watching 2. eating 3. playing 4. going 5. tidying
D. 1. living 2. studying 3. going 4. meeting 5. speaking
6. driving 7. cooking 8. shopping

Grade 4
Chapter 28 | Punctuation
Answer Key
Let’s Understand
B. Encourage the students to look at the conversation in Task A and complete the chart.
Accept all logical answers.
Let’s Practise
A. 1. I went to Varanasi on Monday.
2. How long have you lived in Delhi?
3. We’re going to meet our friends, Tina, Seema and Rahul after school.
4. “Rahul’s book is lying on the table,” said Tamara.
5. Are we going to see the Taj Mahal?
6. Give me a glass of water, please!
B. 1. Where are you going now?
2. My friend, Manu, is coming to visit us.
3. Sheena wants to see the Qutub Minar.
4. Ouch! I burnt my finger.
5. “We’re going to meet our teacher,” said Divya.
6. My sister’s dog is very cute.
7. Sneha said, “Have you read Gulliver’s Travels by Jonathan Swift?”
8. Palak, will you pass me the salad, please?
C. “Excuse me, sir. Please fasten your seat belt,” said the flight attendant. “Sure!
May I have a glass of water, please?” asked the man. “Yes, of course! Whose bag
is this?” asked the flight attendant. “That’s my son’s bag,” replied the man.
D. 1. Wow! I got a lovely gift on my birthday.
2. I’ve gone on a boat ride.
3. My cousin’s dog is very naughty.
4. I’ll travel the world when I grow up.
5. Do you like to travel?

Let’s Talk
Encourage the students to punctuate the sentences and enact the scene.
Henny Penny says, “Oh dear me! What was it? What could it have been? I must
scream for help.”
Cockie Lockie replies, “What’s the matter, Henny Penny?”
Henny Penny replies, “I don’t know what it was.”
Cockie Lockie asks, “You don’t know what it was?”
Henny Penny says, “I have never seen such a thing before. It fell on to my head.”
Cockie Lockie asks, “What fell on your head?”
Henny Penny replies, “I think it was a piece of sky.”

Grade 4
Chapter 29 | Subject-Verb Agreement
Answer Key
Let’s Understand
B.
Subject Verb in the present tense Verb in the past tense
I am was
He is was
She is was
It is was
You are were
You are were
They are were
He has
She has had
It has
I have had
You
We have had
They
Let’s Practise
A. 1. Subject: My class Verb: has
2. Subject: My friend Verb: loves
3. Subject: One of my favourite subjects Verb: is
4. Subject: I Verb: do not like
5. Subject: We Verb: learned
6. Subject: The gardener Verb: plants
7. Subject: The deer Verb: have
8. Subject: The books Verb: are
B. 1. looks 2. have 3. is 4. is 5. performs
6. is 7. are 8. have

Grade 4
Chapter 30 | Vocabulary
Answer Key
A. 1. weather 2. someone
3. accept 4. entertain
5. comfortable 6. design
7. forecast 8. gorgeous
9. medicine 10. receive
11. several 12. exercise
13. shallow 14. complained
15. astonish
B. 1. b 2. a 3. a 4. b 5. a
6. a 7. b 8. b 9. b 10. b
C. 1. make 2. done 3. made 4. makes 5. do
6. do 7. make 8. did
D. 1. make 2. have 3. break 4. get 5. row
1. make a mistake 2. break a leg
3. get party bags 4. have a great time
5. row a boat
E. 1. c 2. a 3. d 4. b
F. Accept all logical answers.

Grade 4
Chapter 31 | Reading Comprehension
Answer Key
A. 1. The day is pleasant.
2. Two teams are playing basketball as we can see from their dresses that each
team as two players.
3. The woman is running behind the man as he stole her bag.
4. One of the girls is singing and dancing, and the other one is drinking juice and
reading a book.
5. Yes, the people keep the park clean. We know this as the park looks clean and
we can even see the man near the tree is throwing the garbage in the dustbin.
B. 1. The poet shall never see a poem as lovely as a tree.
2. The tree lifts its arms to pray.
3. It wears a nest of robins in her hair in summer.
4. The poet uses personification to describe the tree.
C. 1. a. The elephant went to the river to take a bath every day.
b. The elephant always stopped at the tailor’s shop because the tailor kept
some food ready for him.
c. The tailor picked up a sharp needle and pricked the elephant’s trunk.
d. The elephant filled his trunk with muddy water.
2. a. furious b. swayed c. writhing d. suffering
D. 1. a. The King of England was at war with the King of Scotland.
b. As he lay thinking, he saw a spider over his head, getting ready to weave
her web.
c. No, the spider did not lose hope after falling six times. With still more
care, she got ready to try for the seventh time.
d. On seeing the spider’s determination, Bruce decided to face the battle at
hand and won.
2. a. brave b. disheartened c. frail d. strong-willed

Grade 4
Chapter 32 | Composition
Answer Key
Story Writing
Paragraph Writing
A. 1. take 2. do 3. see 4. go 5. stay 6. eat
Informal Letter
Article
A. 1. was 2. made 3. gave 4. worked 5. came 6. did

Grade 4
Review 1
Answer Key
A. 1. b 2. b 3. a 4. c 5. b
6. c 7. a 8. c
B. 1. who 2. that 3. which 4. whose
C. 1. went 2. took 3. were flying
4. were sitting 5. tried 6. didn’t answer
7. saw 8. arrived 9. were eating
10. bought
D. 1. have known 2. have you had
3. have already eaten 4. hasn’t bought
5. Has; ever flown
E. 1. b 2. b 3. a
4. b 5. a 6. b

Grade 4
Review 2
Answer Key
A. 1. myself 2. yourself 3. themselves 4. ourselves

B. 1. next to 2. by 3. on 4. to
C. 1. because 2. When 3. and 4. Although
D. 1. anything 2. Somebody 3. Everybody 4. somewhere
E. 1. is made 2. are sold 3. are used
4. was cleaned 5. are grown 6. wasn’t painted
F. 1. reading 2. Playing 3. helping 4. putting
G. 1. have been playing; have done
2. Has James arrived; have been waiting
3. haven’t eaten; have been cooking
4. been learning; has already performed

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Burlington English Grammar:: An Eclectic Approach

© Burlington Group 2023

the dog’s tail the teachers’ room the children’s shirts

’s shows relationship for singular ’ shows relationship for plural nouns.

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© Burlington Group 2023

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Reflexive Pronouns: yourself; himself, ourselves

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A. 1. myself 2. yourself 3. themselves 4. ourselves

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