Grade 7 Chapter Review

Chapter Review
Frequently Asked Questions

Q: How do you subtract fractions using grid paper and counters?
A: Outline a rectangle on grid paper to show the common
denominator of the two fractions. Then use counters. For example,
3 1
to subtract :
5 4
• Outline a rectangle on grid paper with 5 rows of 4. Each row
1 1
of the rectangle represents , and each column represents .
5 4
• Cover 3 of the 5 rows with counters to show 3. (You cover 12
3 12 5
of the 20 squares since is equivalent to .)
5 20
• Move counters to cover as many complete columns as possible.
(This makes it easier to subtract fourths since each column
represents 1.)
4
• Take away 1 column of counters to model subtracting 1.
4
(You take counters from 5 of the 20 squares since 1 is
5 4
equivalent to .)
20
Since 7 of the 20 squares in the rectangle still have counters,
7 7
of the squares have counters. The difference is .
20 20
3 1 12 5

5 4 20 20
7

20
Q: How do you add mixed numbers?
A: Add the whole numbers and the fractions separately. For example,
3 1
to add 2 4 :
4 2
• Start by adding the whole numbers. 2 4 6
• Then show each fraction with counters on a grid. The common
3 1 1 2
denominator for and is 4, and .
4 2 2 4
• Move counters to model adding the fractions. This total is
5 1
1 .
4 4
• Then add the whole number sum and fraction sum.
6 1 1 7 1
4 4
NEL
Fraction Operations 339
Q: How do you subtract a mixed number from a whole number?
A: Method 1:
Use a number line to determine the distance between the numbers.
For example, to subtract 7 1 3, draw an arrow from 1 3 to 7.
5 5
3 2
The distance from 1 to 2 is . The distance from 2 to 7 is 5.
5 5
2 2
The total difference is 5, or 5 .
5 5
3 2
7 1 5
5 5
Method 2:
3
Use fraction strips. For example, to subtract 7 1 , represent
5
each number with fraction strips. Line up the fraction strips to
compare the numbers. Then figure out the difference.
The difference is 5 2.

5
3 2
7 1 5
5 5
Q: How do you add or subtract fractions using equivalent fractions?
A: Find a common multiple of the two denominators. Then write a
new equation, using equivalent fractions that have the common
3 3
multiple as their denominators. To add , for example, you
4 5
can use the common denominator 20, since 20 is a common
multiple of 4 and 5.
35 34 15 12

45 54 20 20
27 7
or 1
20 20
NEL
340 Chapter 9
Practice Questions
(9.1) 1. Use a pattern block model to show that 8. Use a model to add or subtract. Show your
1 1 5
. work. (9.6)
3 2 6 3 3 5
a) 2 d) 5
(9.2) 2. Use a model to add. Use another model or 10 5 6
method to check your answers. 1 1 2
b) 2 2 e) 6 2
5 1 3 1 4 3 7
a) b)
8 4 5 2 5 2 7
c) 4 f) 7 6
9 3 9
(9.3) 3. Use a model to multiply. Write each answer
as a mixed number. 9. Kyle has already spent 15 h on a project for
6
3 3
a) 5 b) 4 his technology class. If his teacher said that
4 7 he should spend a total of 3 h on the project,
how much longer should he work on it? Use
(9.4) 4. A short video is 1 of an hour long. If you
3 a model to show your answer. (9.6)
watch the video five times, how many hours
does this take? Express your answer as a 10. The sum of three mixed numbers is 6 2.
3
mixed number. What is the least possible value for the
(9.4) 5. Use a model to subtract. Use another greatest of the mixed numbers? Use a
model or method to check your answers. model or another method to explain your
4 1 5 2 thinking. (9.6)
a) c)
7 3 6 9 11. Decide whether each sum is between 1 and 3.
11 2 3 3
b) d) Explain how you know. (9.7)
12 3 4 5 1 1 5 1
a) 1 1 b)
(9.4) 6. Marian has 2 of a bag of bagels. 2 4 6 7
3
a) She adds another 1 bag of bagels. What 12. a) Estimate to decide whether each sum is
4
fraction of the bag is now full of bagels? greater than 1. (9.7)
2 5 3 3
b) Marian has another bag of bagels that is i) ii)
5 3 7 4 7
full. What fraction describes how
6 b) Calculate each sum in part (a) to find
many more bagels are in the bag in out if you estimated correctly.
part (a)?
1 13. Add or subtract using equivalent fractions.
(9.4) 7. Nunavut covers about of Canada’s land Show your work. (9.8)
5 1
area. Ontario covers about of Canada’s 3 2 7 2
9 a) c)
land area. What fraction describes how 5 7 10 3
much more of Canada’s land area is 8 2 2 3
b) d)
covered by Nunavut than by Ontario? 9 3 3 5
NEL
Fraction Operations 341

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Frequently Asked Questions

The difference is 5 2.

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