Q1.

(a) John attaches a ball to a spring. The diagram below shows what happens.

(i) Which arrow shows the direction of the force of the ball on the spring?
Tick the correct box.

1 mark

(ii) Which arrow shows the direction of the force of the spring on the ball?
Tick the correct box.

1 mark

(b) The diagram below shows three metal balls attached to identical springs.

Which ball is the heaviest?

Write the letter.

........................
1 mark

Explain your answer.

......................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................
1 mark

(c) John has another three identical springs.

He puts a cube on each spring. Each cube has a different mass.

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 The diagrams below show the springs before and after John added the cubes.

Which cube is the heaviest?

Write the letter.

.........................
1 mark

Explain your answer.

......................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................
1 mark
maximum 6 marks

Q2.
Jack and Aneesa dropped a steel ball into trays of damp sand.
They measured the depth of the craters made by the steel ball.

not to scale

Their results are shown in the table below.

depth of crater (cm)

height the ball was
dropped from (cm) Aneesa’s
Jack’s results
results

10 1.1 1.2 0.8

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 20 1.4 1.5 1.4

30 1.6 1.6 1.5

40 1.8 1.7 1.8

50 2.0 2.1 2.1

(a) Use information in the table to answer the questions below.

(i) What was the independent variable that Jack and Aneesa changed in their
investigation?

.............................................................................................................
1 mark

(ii) Why was Jack’s investigation better than Aneesa’s?

.............................................................................................................
1 mark

(b) Look at the results in the table.

What is the relationship between the height the ball was dropped from and the depth
of the crater?

......................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................
1 mark

(c) Aneesa said that they made sure the investigation was fair.

Suggest two variables they must have kept the same to make their investigation
fair.

1 ...................................................................................................................

2 ...................................................................................................................
2 marks

(d) (i) Jack removed the steel ball using his fingers. Then he measured the depth of
the crater.
Aneesa said he should use a magnet instead of his fingers.

Explain why using a magnet to remove the ball would improve the
investigation.

.............................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................
1 mark

(ii) Jack said that the ball could be dropped using an electromagnet instead of
dropping it by hand.

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 Explain why this would improve the investigation.

.............................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................
1 mark
maximum 7 marks

Q3.
Ellie has a set of scales and some weights as shown below.

Ellie puts two weights in pan X and one weight in pan Y. The scales balance.

(a) Which weights could be in pans X and Y?

pan X: .......... and ..........

pan Y: ..........
1 mark

(b) Ellie removes all the weights from the scales.

She then puts a cup on pan X.
In which direction will pan Y move?

...............................................
1 mark

(c) She puts weights into pan Y so the scales balance.

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 How much does the cup weigh?

................. N
1 mark

(d) Ellie puts some water in the cup.

She then adds some more weights to pan Y to make the scales balance.

(i) How much do the cup and water weigh?

................. N
1 mark

(ii) How much does the water weigh?

................. N
1 mark
maximum 5 marks

Q4.
(a) Tasha puts a small block of wood on a smooth surface.

She puts different forces on the block.

The diagrams below show the size and direction of these forces.

Will each block move to the left, to the right or stay still?

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 Tick the correct box in each row.

forces on block moves moves

to the to the stays
left right still

(i)

1 mark

(ii)

1 mark

(iii)

1 mark

(iv)

1 mark

(b) (i) Which piece of equipment should Tasha use to measure the forces on the
block?

Tick the correct box.

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 1 mark

(ii) Give the name of the equipment used to measure force.

................................................................
1 mark
maximum 6 marks

Q5.
The diagram below shows Jo hanging on a trapeze (swing) in a circus.

(a) (i) Which arrow, A, B, C or D, shows the direction of Jo’s weight?

..............
1 mark

(ii) Which arrow, A, B, C or D, shows the direction of the force of the rope on
Jo?

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 ..............
1 mark

(b) Sara swings towards Jo.

Sara lets go of her trapeze and Jo catches her.

(i) What happens to the downward force on the rope of Jo’s trapeze?
Tick the correct box.

increases decreases stays the same there is no force

1 mark

(ii) Explain your answer.

...............................................................................................................
1 mark

(c) Jo lets go of the trapeze and both Sara and Jo fall into a safety net below them.

What happens to the downward force on the rope when Jo lets go?

........................................................................................................................
1 mark

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 maximum 5 marks

Q6.
Sally pulls a sledge in the snow.

(a) (i) Draw an arrow on the rope to show the direction of the force of the rope on
the sledge.

Label the arrow R.

(ii) Draw an arrow on the diagram to show the direction of the force of gravity
on the sledge.

Label the arrow G.

2 marks

(b) Force F is the friction between the sledge and the snow.
Sally then pulled the sledge over a concrete path.

Friction is less on snow than on concrete.

Give the reason for this.

................................................................................................................
1 mark
maximum 3 marks

Q7.
The diagram shows four forces acting on a plane in flight.

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(a) Which arrow represents air resistance?
Give the letter.

.............
1 mark

(b) (i) When the plane is flying at a constant height, which two forces must be
balanced?
Give the letters.

............. and .............

1 mark

(ii) When the plane is flying at a constant speed in the direction shown, which
two forces must be balanced?
Give the letters.

............. and .............

1 mark

(c) (i) Just before take-off, the plane is speeding up along the ground.

Which statement is true?

Tick the correct box.

Force B is zero.

Force B is greater than force D.

Force D is equal to force B.

Force D is greater than force B.

1 mark

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(ii) Which statement is true about the plane just as it leaves the ground?
Tick the correct box.

Force C is zero.

Force C is greater than force A.

Force A is equal to force C.

Force A is greater than force C.

1 mark
maximum 5 marks

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Mark schemes

Q1.
(a) (i) • ↓
1 (L3)
if more than one box is ticked, award no mark

(ii) • ↑
if more than one box is ticked, award no mark
1 (L3)

(b) • B
accept ‘the middle or second one’
1 (L3)

any one from

• it hangs down the most

accept ‘the spring is wider apart’

• it stretches the spring most

accept ‘it stretches more’

• the spring is longer

accept ‘it stretched the longest’
this mark cannot be awarded if the response conflicts with
the first part of (b)
a comparative answer is required for the mark
non-comparative answers such as ‘it is long’ are insufficient
1 (L3)

(c) • T
accept ‘the last one’
1 (L3)

any one from

• the spring was pushed down the most amount

accept ‘it squashes more’

• the cube pushed it down the most

accept ‘the spring is the tightest’

• the spring is shorter

accept ‘it is shortest’
this mark cannot be awarded if the response conflicts with
the first part of (c)
a comparative answer is required for the mark
non-comparative answers such as ‘it is short’ are insufficient
1 (L4)
[6]

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Q2.
(a) (i) • the height the ball was dropped from
accept ‘height’
do not accept ‘depth’
accept ‘height in cm’
‘cm’ is insufficient
1 (L5)

(ii) any one from

• he repeated it
accept ‘he got more results’
accept ‘he did it twice’
‘it was a fair test’ is insufficient

• he could get an average

accept ‘he would notice odd results’

• it was more reliable

accept ‘more accurate’
1 (L5)

(b) • the greater the height, the deeper the crater

accept the converse
accept ‘there is a positive correlation (between the
variables)’
accept ‘bigger’ for ‘deeper’ only when it refers to the crater
size
a comparative answer is required for the mark
‘when the ball was dropped from a high height, a larger
crater formed’ is insufficient
‘the bigger, the deeper’ is insufficient as ‘bigger’ is
ambiguous
1 (L5)

(c) any two from

• (use the same) ball

accept ‘the size or mass or weight or volume or material of
the ball’
do not accept ‘density of ball’

• depth of sand
accept ‘same amount of sand’ or ‘the (same) sand’

• the conditions of the sand

accept ‘how damp the sand was’ or ‘the type of sand’
accept ‘how flat the sand surface is’
‘the sand tray’ is insufficient

• where or how the depth is measured

accept ‘keep the ruler in the same position’
‘use the same ruler’ is insufficient

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 • the way the ball is released
accept ‘release the ball with the same force’
‘same person’ is insufficient
2 (L5)

(d) (i) • there is less disturbance to the sand

accept ‘he might push the ball further in’
accept ‘your finger could push it further in, but the magnet
lifts it’
‘it would be more accurate’ is insufficient
accept ‘it lifts the ball out cleanly’
‘it lifts the ball out’ is insufficient
1 (L5)

(ii) any one from

• less chance of human error

accept ‘the ball would fall the same way each time’
do not accept ‘there is less chance of something going
wrong’

• the electromagnet would drop it cleanly

accept ‘the ball would not be dropped differently’
‘it lands in the same place’ is insufficient
accept ‘it drops at the same angle’
‘it is easier to adjust height’ is insufficient
accept ‘the ball would be released from the same height
each time’

• the height would be more accurate

‘it is more accurate’ is insufficient
‘so it is a fair test’ is insufficient
accept ‘they could push the ball (slightly) if they use their
hands’
do not accept ‘he can change the force of the electromagnet’
‘it stays steady’ is insufficient
1 (L6)
[7]

Q3.
(a) either

• pan X: 1N and 1N
pan Y: 2N

or

• pan X: 4N and 1N
pan Y: 5N
1 (L3)
three weights are required for the mark
units are not required for the mark
the weights in pan X can be in either order

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 (b) • up
accept ‘↑’
‘X will go down’ is insufficient
1 (L3)

(c) • 3N
1 (L3)

(d) (i) • 8N
1 (L3)

(ii) • 5N
accept the answer to (di) minus the answer to (c)
accept ‘8-3’
1 (L4)
[5]

Q4.
(a)
moves
moves to to
the left stays
the
still
right

(i)
1 (L3)

(ii)
1 (L3)

(iii)
1 (L3)

(iv)
1 (L3)
if more than one box is ticked in a row, award no mark for
that row

(b) (i)

Page 15 of 17
 if more than one box is ticked, award no mark
1 (L3)

(ii) any one from

• newton meter
accept ‘spring balance’

• forcemeter
‘balance’ is insufficient
‘newtons’ or ‘N’ is insufficient
‘meter’ is insufficient
‘weighing scales’ is insufficient
1 (L4)
[6]

Q5.
(a) (i) • C
accept ‘down’
1 (L3)

(ii) • A
accept ‘up’
1 (L3)

(b) (i) • increases

if more than one box is ticked, award no mark
1 (L3)

(ii) any one from

• there are two people on the same or Jo’s trapeze

• the weight is greater

• there is Sara as well

accept ‘Sara is pulling on Jo’
this mark cannot be awarded if the response
given conflicts with part (b)(i)
‘the force is greater’ is insufficient
‘it is heavier’ is insufficient as ‘it’ refers to force
1 (L4)

(c) • it decreases
accept ‘it is less’
accept ‘there is less weight on it’
accept ‘there is no force’ or ‘it becomes zero’

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 ‘it springs back up’ is insufficient
1 (L4)
[5]

Q6.
(a) (i) • an arrow labelled R, to the right, drawn on the rope
accept a labelled arrow to the right, drawn
parallel to the rope
1 (L3)

(ii) • an arrow labelled G, vertically downwards

1 (L4)

(b) any one from

• snow is smoother

• snow is more slippery

accept ‘snow is slippery’
accept ‘concrete or the path is rough’
‘snow is soft’ or ‘concrete is hard’ are insufficient
1 (L4)
[3]

Q7.
(a) B
1 (L5)

(b) (i) A and C

accept ‘lift and weight’
answers may be in either order
both letters are required for the mark
1 (L5)

(ii) D and B
accept A and C
answers may be in either order
both letters are required for the mark
1 (L5)

(c) (i) • Force D is greater than force B.

if more than one box is ticked, award no mark
1 (L6)

(ii) • Force A is greater than force C.

if more than one box is ticked, award no mark
1 (L6)
[5]

Page 17 of 17