UNIT 4: ETHNIC GROUPS OF VIET NAM

PHONETICS
I. Put the following words having underlined part in the right column.

cultural communal milk crop Keen

gong garden school forgive great
game begin tiger bargain group
collect cattle pig folk cartoon
cottage gathering customer overlook crazy

/k/ /g/

II. Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from that of the others.
1. A. general B. garden c. go D. get
2. A. adore B. fancy c. attract D. alive

3. A. cancel B. ceiling c. calling D. cupboard

4. A. chemistry B. charge c. chunk D. child
5. A. knife B. know c. knee D. kill
6. A. girl B. good c. giant D go
7. A. unique B. mosquito c. mosque D. question
8. A. architect B. children c. church D. armchair
9. A. hobby B. hour c. hotel D. hot
10. A. calorie B. carve c. collage D. centre

III. Mark the letter A, B, c or D to indicate the word whose stress is placed differently from that of
the others.
1. A. baby B. balloon c. Iran D. remark
2. A. doctor B. bully c. forum D. bamboo

3. A. decision B. architect c. messenger D. indicate

4. A. uniform B. election c. countable D. consonant
5. A. evaluation B. portfolio c. observation D. uncountable
 ■■ ■■■ I -■ ’ ■ -*

VOCABULARY 6. Visitors find the Central Highlands--------------------

A. attraction B. attractive c. attract D. attractive y
I. Match the words/phrases in A with their meaning--------------------- 7. - Look at this photo of a stilt house! _.niinq in
_ It looks so beautiful! It is very popular in most ethnic -------------------------— groups m
Your Viet Nam.
Meanings
answers words/phrases A. minority B. massive c. majority
a. a type of bamboo house 8. The Viet people have many--------------------customs.
1. weaving
b. a group smaller in size than other groups in the
A. culture B. traditional c. customary D. tradition
same country-_______'_____________________s 9. Minh is learning to weave bamboo baskets as it is his villagers’_— era
2. gong ' A.. tradition B. traditionally c traditional D tra^‘ons
c. to make cloth by interlacing strands >
10. in the Central Highlands, the biggest and tallest house in the village is th
3. minority group
d a traditional musical instrument e. a large
4. livestock ZTommune B. communication c. communal D. community
5. communal house room for community activities.
IV. Use the correct form of the words in brackets to finish the sentences.
6. bamboo flute f. the animals we keep on a farm like cows and sheep
1 Terraced rice fields in Sa Pa are slopes claimed for cultivation in hilly or (MOUNTAIN)
7. ethnic group g. a tube-shaped musical insti-ument made of
______________________areas.
bambon
2. For the Muong, rice is also the main (AGRICULTURE) crop.
8. stilt house h. a community made up of people who share a 3. The Muong call their (TRADITION) -----------—— “'a"dar “sach doi ■ wh
common cultural background or descent. made from 12 bamboo sticks that represent the 12 months. .............................
II. Find suitable word to complete the sentence. The first letter is given. 4. Viet Nam is a country of tremendous (DIVERSE)----------- — A gp
5. The ethnic minority groups in Viet Nam have been living in (PEACE) -----------------------
1. Our stilt houses overlook t_____________fields. coexistence. ___
2. Bamboo flute is a common musical i__________of many ethnic groups in Viet Nam. 6. Some ethnic groups use their own (WRITE) ■ — tag”**-
3. Each ethnic group in Viet Nam has its own c_____________ 7. It is difficult to persuade young people to keep the (TRADITION)----------------------way
4. Tay is the second largest e__________group in Viet Nam. 8. °if'you go to Sa Pa, you should try some (SPECIAL) -------------------------- of the local
people sold at the market.
5. What is the f________dance of your culture? 9. Some ethnic groups use their own (SPEAK)--------------------languages.
6. A lot of m___________groups in Viet Nam live in the mountains. 10. Are you interested in (WEAVE).---------------------baskets.
7. There is a love m__________in Sa Pa where people date and express their affection. GRAMMAR
III. Choose the correct answer A, B. c or D for each of the gap. I. Change the sentences into Yes/No questions.
Example: 0. They are harvesting the rice.
1. The peoples of Viet Nam are diverse but very____________. -> Are they harvesting the rice?
A. peace B. peaceful c. peaceless D. peacefully 1.1 attended the Ban Flower Festival in Dien Bien last year.
2. We burn-------------------to show respect to our ancestors during Tet.
A. wood B. paper c. plastic D. incense
3. Viet Nam has 54 ethnic____________living together
A. groups B. minority c. people D. peoples
4. Tay is the largest ethnic minority group in Viet Nam with a______of around 1.7 million.
A’Peope „ B.group c. population D. number
5. The Gong Festival is held----------------- in the Centra] High|ands 2. The Viet people have many traditional customs.
A. year B. yearly c. annual D.
annually 41
 3. The Thai have not only their own language but also their own writing Systei^.

4. It is typical of the cultural life of the Thai people.

5. Women play an important role in a Jrai family.

6. We didn’t have boarding schools for minority students in 1950.

7. The Tay has a population of around 1.7 million people.

8. Our house overlooks terraced paddy fields.

9. There are 20 houses in my village.

10. I will visit Ha Giang one day.

II. Choose the correct question words for each question below.
1------------month is the Hoa Ban Festival of the Thai people held in?
A. Which B. How many c. When D. How often
2. Lan:----------do the Jrai ethnic people usually hold a Yang worship ceremony?
Hoa: When they move to a new communal house or restore the old one.
A. Where B. How c. How long D. When
3. Mai:----------can we find Rong or communal houses?
Hoa: We can find in villages to the north of the Central Highlands provinces of Gia Lai
and Kon Turn.
A. Where B. When c. Which D. Why
4. Nam:---------do you like best about Gong Festival?
Lan: I like its cultural space of the gongs.
A. Why B. When c. What D. Where
5. Nam:---------can we find the most beautiful terraced fields?
Lan: In Mu Cang Chai.
o*;where B Wh
' “ c. What .
D why
6. Nam:---------do you want to visit Sapa?
Lan: Because I like Sapa’s love market.
A. When B. Why rw,
G Wher
42 - e D. Which
 7. Nam:_______is the Ban Flower Festival?
Lan: It’s in spring.
A. Where B. How often c. When D. How far
8. Nam:_______tall is a communal house?
Lan: About 20 meters tall.
A. What B. How c. Where D. When
9. Nam:_______does a communal house look like?
Lan: It is typically large, beautifully decorated, and built in the middle of the village.
A. How B. Where c. What D. Which
10. _____ethnic groups in Viet Nam?
A. How much B. How many c. How long D. How far

III. Complete the sentences with the words from the box.

a much (I little a few many

1. How________ethnic groups in Viet Nam?

2. My family has_______coffee plantation in Kon Turn.
3. How________information about the Ede have you collected?
4. There is_____special community of 41 ethnic groups in Quang Son Commune.
5. ______of Khmer Jrai words are borrowed from Khmer and Lao.
6. The term Champa refers to_________collection of independent Cham polities.
7. There are________waterwheels left in my village.
8. The village chief said nothing, but he drank some wine and ate__________sticky rice.
9. They should add__________more salt to this traditional food.
10. There is________typical traditional dance from each ethnic group in this festival.
IV. Find and circle the mistakes in the following sentences.
1. There are 54 people in Viet Nam. They live in peace.
A. are B. people c. live D. peace
2. The communal house are 20 metres in height.
A. The B. house c. are D. height

A. should B. some c. waters D.that

3. You should add some more waters to that kettle.
4. How many advice do you get from your coach?
A. many B. advice c. get D. your

4
3
 „ Quans Son Commune has been LI
5. A community of 41 ethnic groug in Q ‘
high-valued farms.
A. A B. group ’ c. has D. farms
6. The villagers gave US a little apples 1 theft garden.
from c. apples D. their
A. villagers B. a little '
7. I have some good friend. I’m not lonely.
A. have B. some c. friend D. lonely
8. When month is the Gong festival held?
A. When B. month c. is D. held
9. How much time a day do you spend play game?
A. much B. a
c. do D. play
10. The ethnic minorities in Viet Nam often
lives in mountainous areas.
A. ethnic B. minorities c. lives D. mountainous 'i
READING
I. You are going to read some information about the 3 ethnic groups in
Viet Nam? For questions 1-10, choose from the groups (A-C). The groups

4
4
A. The Tay
The Tay are the second largest ethnic group in Viet Nam with a population of around 1.7
million people, only after the Kinh. The main area in which Tay people now reside is in the
valleys of the Northeast provinces of Viet Nam such as: Lang Son, Cao Bang, Ha Giang....
Tay people’s clothing is mainly made of black indigo fabric, with little decorative patterns.
The Tay live in stilt houses, that overlook beautiful terraced fields. They live in peaceful
villages and very closed to nature. The Tay people have many folk songs and dances. The
traditional musical instrument is “dan tinh”. On festival occasions, they make many kinds of
cakes and food. Egg cake and 5-color-sticky rice are considered the specialties of the Tay.
B. The Bahnar
The Bahnar is an ethnic group of Viet Nam living mainly in the Central Highlands of
Viet Nam and western areas of Binh Dinh, Phu Yen and Khanh Hoa provinces. The total
population of the Bahnar is around 300,000. The Bahnar people live in villages. The Bahnar
people live in stilt houses made of bamboo and leaves. On weekdays, the Bahnar men wear
loincloths and are half-naked. Only on festival days, they wear shirts and scarves on their
heads. Women often wear skirts, tops and scarves on their heads. The Bahnar plays some
traditional musical instruments such as gongs and string instruments made from bamboo.
These instruments are sometimes played in concert on special occasions. Every day, the
Bahnar people eat plain rice. On some special occasions, they often drink ruou can (wine
drunk from a jar through pipes). Both Bahnar men and women like to smoke.
c. The Ede
The Ede is an ethnic minority group in Viet Nam. The main area in which Ede people
currently live is in Dak Lak, Gia Lai and the west of Phu Yen, Khanh Hoa province. 90% of
the population lives in rural areas. There are about 400,000 Ede people in Viet Nam. The
traditional home of the Ede people is a house on stilts, which resembles the shape of a long
boat. Women wear a long skirt which reaches to the toes; the top of their outfits may remain
unclothed, or they may wear a short pullover vest. Men wear a loin cloth and a vest of the
same style. Both men and women have their teeth grinded and their ears stretched. They also
blacken their teeth. Ede people cook rice in a large earthenware or copper pot. Steamed
sticky rice is only used on the occasion of worshiping rituals. Jar wine is an indispensable
drink for the Tet celebration of the Ede in Dak Lak. Both men and women chew betel nuts.
II. Choose the word which best fits each gap.
There are nine sub-groups that are (1)_________by the ethnic minority M’Nong, such
as Bru Dang, Preh, Ger, Nong, Prang, PJarn, Kuyenh, Chil Bu Nor, and M’Nong Bu Dang,
with combined estimate of 105,300 populations. They are concentrated 45
 ,;_nc nf Binh Phuoc and Dak Lak and in par, (.2)—— southern parts of the provinces of 1 ~ ith the grop %
Lam Dong. They live in lw««>1«*“ • toeholds. (4)_________________ is observed an?J
village where they usually have dozens of hous note holds “h” ~ children take the family name of their mo e . st on®
~ hoXhold. This z 1: toMVI■ M’ki useT?,^
JỈĨ%£cc TE. M'hWmBan Don are well known forS
n
and-bum method of (7)________. The MNong 1 _ J* * "/ their
elephant hunting and domestication. Women han e e '< co on clot^
(8)______the men work on basketry.
III. Read the passage below and choose the best answer (A-D) for questions 1-5,
GONG CULTURE

B. represented c. expressed D. symbolized

1. A. order
2. A. on B. at c. for D. in
3. A. bricks B. stilts c. slabs D stones
4. A. Monarchy B. Patriarchy c. Matriarchy D. Democracy
5. A. a B. the c. every D. some
6. A. special c. especially D. especial
B. specially
7. A. transport c. researching D. farming
B. working
8. A. while c. which D. where
B. when

Gong culture in the Central Highlands of Viet Nam has been recognised byUNESCO as a masterpiece of the Intangible Heritage of
Humanity.
Gong culture covers five provinces of the Central Highlands: Kon Turn, Gia Lai, Dak Lak, Dak Nong, and Lam Dong. The masters
of gong culture are the ethnic groups of Bahnar, Sedang, M’nong, Coho, Ede, Giarai... The Gong Festival is held annually in the
Central Highlands. In the festival, artists from these provinces give gong performances, highlighting the gong culture of their own
province.
For the ethnic groups of the Central Highlands, gongs are musical instruments of special power. It is believed that every gong is the
symbol of a god who grows more powerful as the gong gets older. Therefore, gongs are associated with special occasions in peoples
lives such as the building of new houses, funerals, crop praying ceremonies, a new harvest, victory celebrations, etc. The gong sound is
a way to communicate with the gods.

1 What is the main idea of the text?

A. musical instruments of ethnic groups
B. the artists of the Central Highlands c. life in the Central Highlands
D. a world cultural heritage
2. How often is the Gong Festival celebrated?
A. every month
c. all the year round
3. The gongs are__________.
A. a kind of art work c. pieces of folk music