MIL

(Genre, Codes and Conventions) Part 1

Genre
- comes from the French word meaning ‘type’ or ‘class’
- can be recognized by its common set of distinguishing features (codes and conventions)
Codes – are systems of signs, which create meaning
Conventions – are the generally accepted ways of doing something
Types of Code: Technical, Symbolic, & Written
Technical Codes – ways in which equipment is used to tell the story (camera techniques,
framing, depth of fields, lighting and exposure, etc.)
Technical Codes Camera Techniques
Basic Camera Shots:
Extreme Wide Shot Wide Shot
Medium Shot Medium Close-up
Close-up Extreme Close-up
Advance Camera Shots:
Two Shot Cut Away
Over the Shoulder Point of View
Selective Focus Arc Shot
Camera Angels:
Eye-Level High Angle
Low Angle Bird’s Eye View
Worm’s Eye View Slanted (canted)
Basic Camera Movements
Pan – Moving the camera lens from left to right or vice versa.
Tilt – Moving the camera upwards and downwards
Truck – Moving the camera physically from left to right
Symbolic Codes – show what is beneath the surface of what we see (object, setting, body
language, clothing. Color, etc.)
Written Codes – use of language style and textual layout (headlines, captions, speech
bubbles, language style, etc.)
(Genre, Codes and Conventions) Part 2
Treatment
- consists of a written condensation of a proposed film or TV dramatic production
- written in the present tense, using active language and often read like a short story
- covers the basic ideas and issues of the production as well as the main characters, locations,
and story angles
- covers the full story sequence, typically contains some key scenes
Storyboard
– A storyboard is a graphic representation of how your video will unfold, shot by shot.
- Think of it as sort of a comic book version of your script
(Intellectual Property, Fair Use and Creative Commons)
Intellectual Property (IP) – refers to creations of the mind, such as inventions; literary and
artistic works; designs; and symbols, names and images used in commerce
Types of Intellectual Property: Copyright, Patent, Trademarks, Industrial Design, &
Geographical Origin
Copyright
- a legal term used to describe the rights that creators have to their literary and artistic works
- books, music, paintings, sculpture and films, to computer programs, databases,
advertisements, amps and technical drawings
Literary works – Lifetime of author plus 50 years after death
Art – 25 years from date of creation
Photographic work – 50 years from publication
Audio-visual work – 50 years from publication
Sound recording – 50 years from year recording took place
Broadcast recording – 20 years from date of broadcast
Trademark – Valid for 10 years and may be renewed for a periods of 10 years
Invention patent – Valid for 20 years from filing date application
Patent
- an exclusive right granted for an invention
- provides how – or whether – the invention can be used by others
Trademarks – a sign capable of distinguishing the goods or services of one enterprise from
those of other enterprises
Industrial Design
- constitutes the ornamental or aesthetic aspect of an article
- may consist of three-dimensional features, such as the shape or surface of an article, or of
two-dimensional features, such as patterns, lines or color
Geographical Origin
- signs used on goods that have a specific geographical origin and possess qualities, a
reputation or characteristics that are essentially attributed to that place of origin
- most commonly includes the name of the place of origin of the goods.
Fair Use – you can use copyrighted material without license only for certain purposes
 Commentary
 Criticism
 Reporting
 Research
 Teaching
Guidelines for Fair Use:
 A majority of the content you create must be your own.
 Give credit to the copyright holder.
 Don’t make money off of the copyrighted work.
Creative Commons – is an American non-profit organization devoted to expanding the
range of creative works available to expanding the range of creative works available for
others to build upon legally and to share. The organization has released several copyright-
licenses known as Creative Commons licenses free of charge to the public.
 Attribution: You must credit the creator
 Non-Commercial: You can’t make profit
 Non Derivative Works: You can’t change the content
 Share Alike: You can change the content, but you have to let other people use your
new work with the same license as the original.
(Digital Citizenship, Netiquette, Digital Footprints and Digital Issues in the Philippines)
Digital Citizenship
- is the norms of appropriate, responsible technology use
- a holistic and positive approach to helping children learn how to be safe and secure, as well
as smart and effective participants in a digital world
Key Principles with Elements of Digital Citizenship
 Respect Yourself/Respect Other: Digital Etiquette, Digital Access, & Digital Law
 Educate Yourself/ Connect with Others: Digital Literacy, Digital Communication,
& Digital Commerce
 Protect Yourself/Protect Others: Digital Rights and Responsibility, Digital Safety
(Security), & Digital Health and Welfare
Netiquette
- set of rules for behaving properly online
- respecting other users’ views and displaying common courtesy when posting your views to
online discussion groups
The Core Rules of Netiquette
Rule 1: Remember the human
Rule 2: Adhere to the same standards of behavior online that you follow in real life
Rule 3: Know where you are in cyberspace
Rule 4: Respect other people’s time and bandwidth
Rule 5: Make yourself look good online
Rule 6: Share expert knowledge
Rule 7: Help keep flame wars under control
Rule 8: Respect other people’s privacy
Rule 9: Don’t abuse your power
Rule 10: Be forgiving of other people’s mistakes
Digital Footprint – It is a trail of data you create while using the internet
(Plagiarism)
Plagiarism
- the act of using another person’s words or ideas without giving credit to that person
- The practice of taking someone else’s work or ideas and passing them off as one’s own.
Types of Plagiarism: Sources Not Cited & Sources Cited
Sources Not Cited:
The Ghost Writer – The writer turns in another’s work, word-for-word, as his or her own.
The Photocopy – The writer copies significant portions of text straight form a single source,
without alteration.
The Potluck Paper – The writer copies from several different sources, tweaking the
sentences to make the fit together while retaining most of the original phrasing.
The Poor Disguise – The writer has altered the paper’s appearance slightly by changing key
words and phrases.
The Labor of Laziness – The writer takes the time to paraphrase most of the paper from
other sources and make it all fit together.
The Self-Stealer – The writer “borrows” generously from his or her previous work.
Sources Cited (But Still Plagiarized):
The Forgotten Footnote – The writer mentions an author’s name for a source, but neglects
to include specific information of the material referenced.
The Misinformer – The writer provides inaccurate information regarding the sources,
making it impossible to find them.
The Too-Perfect Paraphrase – The writer properly cites a source, but neglects to put in
quotation marks on text that has been copied word-for-word, or close to it.
The Resourceful Citer – The writer properly cites all sources, paraphrasing and using
appropriately. The catch? The paper contains almost no original work!
The Perfect Crime – The writer properly quotes and cites sources in some places, but goes
on to paraphrase other arguments form those sources without citation.
Images, Videos, and Music
- Without receiving proper permission or providing appropriate citation, the following are
considered plagiarism:
 Copying media (especially images) from other websites to paste them into your own
papers or websites.
 Making a video using footage from others videos or using copyrighted music as part
of the soundtrack.
 Performing another person’s copyrighted music (i.e., playing a cover).
 Composing a piece of music that borrows heavily from another composition.