What is RAM?

The full form of RAM is Random Access Memory. The information stored in this type of
memory is lost when the power supply to the PC or laptop is switched off. The information
stored in RAM can be checked with the help of BIOS. It is generally known as the main
memory or temporary memory or cache memory or volatile memory of the computer system.
Types of RAM

Two main types of RAM are:

Static RAM
Dynamic RAM

Static RAM
Static RAM is the full form of SRAM. In this type of RAM, data is stored using the state of a
six transistor memory cell. Static RAM is mostly used as a cache memory for the processor
(CPU).

Dynamic RAM
DRAM stands for Dynamic Random Access Memory. It is a type of RAM which allows you to
stores each bit of data in a separate capacitor within a specific integrated circuit. Dynamic
RAM is a standard computer memory of the many modern desktop computers.

This type of RAM is a volatile memory that needs to be refreshed with voltage regularly. Else
it loses the information stored on it.
Other Important Types of RAM

FPM DRAM

Fast Page Mode Dynamic Random Access Memory is a type of RAM that waits through the
entire process of locating a bit of data by column and row and then reading the bit before it
begins on the next bit. Max transfer rate is around 176 Mbps.
SDR RAM
SDR RAM is a full form of
synchronous dynamic access
memory. It has access times between 25 and 10 ns(nanosecond), and they are in DIMM
(dual in-line memory module) modules of 168 contacts.

They store data using capacitors using IC’s (Integrated Circuits). On one of its sides, they
have terminations, which can be inserted inside of the individual slots for the Motherboard’s
memory.
RD RAM

Rambus Dynamic Random Access Memory is a full form of RDRAM. This type of RAM chips
works in parallel, which allows you to achieve a data rate of 800 MHz or 1,600 Mbps. It
generates much more heat as they operate at such high speeds.
VRAM (Video):

RAM optimized for video adapters is called VRAM. These chips have two ports so that video
data can be written to chips at the same time the video adapter regularly reads the memory
to refresh the monitor’s current display.

EDO RAM

EDO DRAM is an abbreviation of Extended Data Output Random Access Memory. It doesn’t
wait for the completion of the processing of the first bit before continuing to the next one. As
soon as the address of the first bit is located, EDO DRAM begins looking for the next bit.
Uses of RAM
Here, are important uses of RAM:

RAM is utilized in the computer as a scratchpad, buffer, and main memory.

 It offers a fast operating speed.

 It is also popular for its compatibility
 It offers low power dissipation

What is CPU?
CPU or Central Processing Unit is a processor which helps the computer to executes the
data and instructions for the user. It processes all the data and instruction is received
through the software or hardware which is running on the computer. The CPU contains the
circulatory which is needed to process and executes the results. It is known as the CPU
(Central Processing Unit) and is also known as the Central Processor which is place on a
motherboard. That’s why it is the most important component for a computer and also we
know the CPU as the brain of the computer.
Types of CPU (Central Processing Unit)
The Central Processing Unit is Categorised by the number of CORES and THREADS.
These two things describe how much the CPU is powerful and how much low. The work of
the core is to perform the tasks. These tasks depend on the core( How much core it has)
let’s take an exmaple CPU A has 1 core and CPU b has 2 cores. So, the CPU A has core 1
it means it perform only one or a minimal tasks but on the other hand The CPU B has core 2
that mean CPU B perform more tasks than CPU A.
And, the threads are the virtual components that divide the physical CPU cores into virtual
multiple cores. Example If CPU has 1 core it means that have 2 threads, And the CPU has 4
core it means that have 8 threads. This is because when we open some softwares and
applications that time it creates a thread that will help the computer to perform all the tasks in
a specific period of time.

In the market There is two tough competitors of Processor/CPU are there:

1. INTEL (Integrated Electronics)
2. AMD (Advanced Micro Devices)
Six differents types of CPU are there:
Single – Core CPU
Dual – Core CPU
Quad – Core CPU
Hexa – Core CPU
Octa – Core CPU
Deca – Core CPU
1. Single-Core CPU
The Single Core CPU is that CPU which has core 1 it is known as Single – Core CPU. And
its thread is 2. This is the oldest form of CPU which is low power. As I have mentioned that
how many cores are there in the CPU, shows their performance (how much they are capable
of doing the tasks). In this case, the single-core CPU has only 1 core that means it performs
only limited tasks. It’s not for multitasking.

But this types of CPU are the very oldest form of CPU Which is introduced in our historical
period of time when the CPU was just invented. As such that time this is a very great and
powerful CPU But at this time this CPU is not capable to perform our tasks.
The first Single-Core CPU was released by the INTEL Company Model Name = Intel 4004 in
1971.
2. Dual-Core CPU
A Dual-Core CPU is a combination of two Single Core CPUs where it has 2 core and 4
threads. It is the first Multi-Core CPU that is powerful than the single-core CPU. This CPU
can easily handle multitasking and make it more comfortable for using and make your
experience better than the Single Core.

To make Dual-Core CPU faster in order to run on a fully Optimised Speed. So that it is very
important to have a special code in Operating System which is known as SMT(Simultaneous
Multi-Thread Technology). It makes the running Program and Applications Smoother and
Fast.
The first Dual-Core CPU was also released by INTEL Company Model Name = Intel
Pentium D in 2005.
3. Quad-Core CPU
The Quad-Core CPU has Further Improvements than the Dual Core CPU. The word “Quad”
means 4, which means it has 4 four core and 8 threads. Which is moreover powerful than
the previous core CPU. In Quad Core CPU’s It divides all the work between four CPU Cores.
Which makes our experience smoother and performing all the tasks within a seconds. This
types of CPU make it possible to use heavy software like Photo Editing(Photoshop,
Illustrator), Video Editing (Premiere Pro), Heavy games Etc.

The first Quad-Core CPU was released by the AMD Company Model Name = Athlon II X4 in
2009.

4. Hexa-Core CPU
The Hexa Core CPU has another level of Performace Which makes our work easier and
smoother than the Quad-Core CPU. In this CPU it has 6 core and 12 threads. Complete all
the tasks rapidly and also make the faster clock speed, working time, application and
software opening time, and performance.

The first Hexa-Core CPU was released by INTEL Company Model Name = Intel core i7-
980X in 2010.

5. Octa-Core CPU
The Octa-Core CPU has 8 Core and 16 threads. This means Its performance, application
and software workload, clock speed, Rendering Time, etc. and many other things are getting
to the next level of performance. Obviously, it is better than the Hexa Core CPU.

The Octa-Core CPU was released by INTEL Company Model Name = Intel Core i7-5960X in
2014

6. Deca-Core CPU
This CPU is the king of performance than the previous Core of CPUs. It has 10 core and 20
Threads. It gives us the killer, super-duper performance. I do not need to tell you about this
Deca Core CPU Performance guess yourselves how much this CPU is Powerful.

The Deca- Core was also released by INTEL Company Model Name = Intel Xeon Silver
4114T in 2017.