2017-2018 TUTORIAL SET 2

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
FACULTY OF TECHNOLOGY
2017/2018 SESSION
MEE 303 TUTORIAL SET 2
1. Derive the general expression (using a parallelepiped description for a fluid element) for pressure
variation in static fluids.
2. If the effort and load arm areas of a car hydraulic jack are in the ratio 1 to 50, determine the effort
required to raise a load of one tonne mass.
3. A rectangular open box, 7.6 m by 3 m in plan and 3.7 m deep, weighs 350 kN and is launched in
fresh water. (a) How deep will it sink? (b) If the water in 3.7 m deep, what weight of stone placed in
the box will cause it to rest on the bottom?
4. Define the following in relation to pressure measurement: Vacuum, Absolute Pressure, Atmospheric
Pressure and Gauge Pressure.
5. State and develop the hydrostatic equation for pressure variation in static fluids.
6. A stone weighs 600N, and when it was lowered into a square tank 0.610 m on a side, the weight of
the stone in water was 323 N. How much did the water rise in the tank.
7. A solid wood cylinder has a diameter of 2.0 ft and a height of 4.0 ft. The specific gravity of the wood
is 0.60. If the cylinder is placed vertically in oil (sp gr = 0.85), will it be stable?
8. A cube 152 mm on a side is made of aluminium and suspended by a string. The cube is submerged,
half of it being in oil (sp gr = 0.80) and the other half being in water. Find the tension in the string if
aluminium weighs 25.9 kN/m3.
9. Describe the principle of operation of the following laboratory equipment with respect to pressure
measurement: Barometer, Simple Manometer and Differential Manometers.
10. The U-tube in Fig. 1 has a 1-cm inside diameter and contains mercury as shown. If 20
cm3 of water is poured into the right-hand leg, what will the free-surface height in each leg
be after the sloshing has died down?
Fig. 1: A typical U-tube
11. The system in Fig. 2 is at 20 °C. If atmospheric pressure is 101.33 kPa and the pressure at
the bottom of the tank is 242 kPa, what is the specific gravity of fluid X?
Fig: 2
12. The cylindrical tank in Fig. 3 below is being filled with water at 20°C by a pump developing
an exit pressure of 175kPa. At the instant shown, the air pressure is 110 kPa and H = 35 cm.
The pump stops when it can no longer raise the water pressure. For isothermal air compression,
estimate H at that time.
Fig. 3: A cylindrical tank
13. For the inverted manometer of Fig. 3 below, all fluids are at 20°C. If p A  p B  117kPa ,
what must the height H be in cm?
Fig. 4: an Inverted Manometer

14. A laboratory spring balance is used to measure the weight of a piece of alloy metal. The spring
balance indicates 7 kgf in air and 4.3 kgf when the weight is totally immersed in water. Calculate the
volume of the alloy metal.
15. The total weight of a deep-sea diver and his gadgets is 700 kgf. If he displaces 145 litres of sea
water of specific gravity 1.1, what is his effective weight when he is at the sea floor?
16. The density of a liquid varies with depth according to the equation   1000.00  0.05hkg / m3 .
Determine the pressure at a depth of 15 m from the surface.
17. The Reynolds number (Re) is a function of density, viscosity, and velocity of a fluid and
characteristic length. Establish the Reynolds number relation by dimensional analysis.
18. Develop the equation of continuity for steady flow of (a) a compressible fluid and (b) incompressible
fluid.
19. Develop a general equation of continuity for three-dimensional flow of a compressible fluid for (a)
unsteady flow, and (b) steady flow.
1  v 
A A 
20. Show that the equation of continuity can be written in the form: 1   
dA
 Vav 
21. When 0.03 m3/s flows through a 300-mm pipe that later reduces to a 150-mm pipe, calculate the
average velocities in the two pipes. What are the average velocities for the pipes if the sizes are scaled
to twice its original size?
22. If the velocity in a 300-mm pipe is 0.50 m/s, what is the velocity in a 75-mm-diameter jet issuing
from a nozzle attached to the pipe? Determine the velocity in the same 75-mm-diameter jet if the
velocity in the 300-mm pipe is doubled.
23. The velocity component for a steady incompressible flow are u  (2 x  3 y)t , v  ( x  2 y)t , and
w  0. Is the equation of continuity satisfied?
24. For steady incompressible flow, are the following values of u and v possible?
(a) u  4xy  y 2 , v  6xy  3x
(b) u  2 x 2  y 2 , v  4 xy
25. Derive the expression for the kinetic energy correction factor  for steady incompressible flow.
26. Derive the Bernoulli equation for steady flow of any fluid and present a pictorial representation of
the energy grade line for the equation. Apply the derived equation to:
(a) flow of incompressible fluid
(b) flow of compressible fluid
27. A pipe carrying oil of specific gravity (sp gr) 0.877 changes in size from 150 mm at section E to
450 mm at section R. Section E is 3.66 m lower than R, and the pressures are 91.0 kPa and 60.3 kPa,
respectively. If the discharge is 0.146 m3/s, sketch the pipe cross-section and determine the lost head
and the direction of flow.
28. A horizontal air duct reduces in cross-sectional area from 0.070 m2 to 0.020 m2. Assuming no losses,
what pressure change will occur when 6.67 N/s of air flows? (Use   31.4 N / m 2 for pressure and
temperature conditions involved).
Submission Date: 11th July 2018 in Spider Building.
(Latest 12 noon through Class Reps)

2017-2018 TUTORIAL SET 2

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

2017-2018 TUTORIAL SET 2

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

2017-2018 TUTORIAL SET 2

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

Fig. 3: A cylindrical tank

Fig. 4: an Inverted Manometer

w  0. Is the equation of continuity satisfied?

(a) u  4xy  y 2 , v  6xy  3x

(a) flow of incompressible fluid

(b) flow of compressible fluid

Submission Date: 11th July 2018 in Spider Building.

(Latest 12 noon through Class Reps)

You might also like