Example 3

Analysis of system of two circular rafts

ELPLA-Tutorial

Table of Contents

Page

3 Analysis of system of two circular rafts .................................................................... 3-3

1 Description of the problem........................................................................................ 3-3
1.1 Loads and dimensions ................................................................................................................ 3-3
1.2 Raft material................................................................................................................................. 3-3
1.3 Soil properties ............................................................................................................................ 3-4
1.4 Method of analysis ..................................................................................................................... 3-4
2 Creating the project of the raft 1 ............................................................................... 3-5
2.1 Calculation method .................................................................................................................... 3-5
2.2 Project identification .................................................................................................................. 3-8
2.3 FE-Net data ................................................................................................................................ 3-9
2.4 Soil properties .......................................................................................................................... 3-11
2.5 Foundation properties .............................................................................................................. 3-16
2.6 Loads........................................................................................................................................ 3-18
3 Creating the project of the raft 2 ............................................................................. 3-21
3.1 Modifying the project identification ........................................................................................ 3-21
3.2 Modifying origin coordinates................................................................................................... 3-22
4 Creating the project of the system of rafts 1 and 2 ................................................. 3-23
4.1 Filenames of slabs foundations ................................................................................................ 3-23
4.2 Project identification ................................................................................................................ 3-26
5 Carrying out the calculations .................................................................................. 3-27
5.1 Starting ELPLA-Solver............................................................................................................. 3-27
5.2 Carrying out all computations .................................................................................................. 3-28
6 Viewing data and results ......................................................................................... 3-30
6.1 Viewing result graphics............................................................................................................ 3-31
6.2 Plot a diagram of the results..................................................................................................... 3-32
7 Index........................................................................................................................ 3-36

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3 Analysis of system of two circular rafts

1 Description of the problem

An example of a system of two equal large circular rafts is selected to illustrate some features
of ELPLA for analyzing system of foundations.

1.1 Loads and dimensions

Each raft has a diameter of 22 [m] and thickness of 0.65 [m]. Loading on each raft consists of
24 column loads in which 16 column loads have P1 = 1250 [kN] and 8 column loads have
P2 = 1000 [kN] as shown in Figure 3-1 and in Table 3-1. The origin coordinates for the raft 1
in the global system is (0.0, 0.0) while for the raft 2 is (0.0, 22.5).

y Raft 1 Raft 2

P2 P2

P1 P1

P 1 =1250 kN x
P 2 =1000 kN
Figure 3-1 System of two equal circular rafts

1.2 Raft material

Material of the two rafts is supposed to have the following parameters:

Young's modulus Eb = 2.6 * 107 [kN/m2]

Poisson's ratio vb = 0.15 [-]
Unit weight of raft material γb = 0.0 [kN/m3]
Unit weight of the raft material is chosen to be γb = 0.0 to neglect the own weight of the raft in
the analysis.

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1.3 Soil properties

The rafts rest on a silt layer of thickness 15 [m]. The modulus of compressibility of the silt is Es
= 9500 [kN/m2]. Poisson's ratio of the soil is taken to be vs = 0.0 [-]. The level of foundation
under the ground surface is assumed to be df = 0.0 [m]. The effects of the reloading pressure on
the soil and the uplift pressure on the rafts are neglected.

1.4 Method of analysis

It is required to analysis the system of rafts together according to the following soil model and
numerical calculation method:

- Layered soil medium - Continuum Model

- Modulus of compressibility method for an elastic raft on layered soil medium
(Solving system of linear equations by iteration-method 6)

This tutorial manual will not present the theoretical background of modeling the problem. For
more information concerning the method of analysis, a complete reference for the soil models
and numerical calculation methods are well documented in the User’s Guide of ELPLA.

Table 3-1 Point loads P

-----------------------------------------------------
Load No. Load value x-position y-position
I P x y
[-] [kN] [m] [m]
-----------------------------------------------------
1 1250 7.75 11
2 1250 14.25 11
3 1250 11 7.75
4 1250 11 14.25
5 1250 8.7 8.7
6 1250 13.3 8.7
7 1250 8.7 13.3
8 1250 13.3 13.3
9 1000 2 11
10 1000 20 11
11 1000 11 2
12 1000 11 20
13 1000 4.64 4.64
14 1000 17.36 4.64
15 1000 4.64 17.36
16 1000 17.36 17.36
17 1000 2.69 7.56
18 1000 7.56 2.69
19 1000 14.44 2.69
20 1000 19.31 7.56
21 1000 2.69 14.44
22 1000 7.56 19.31
23 1000 14.44 19.31
24 1000 19.31 14.44
-----------------------------------------------------

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2 Creating the project of the raft 1

In this section the user will learn how to create a project for analyzing system of two rafts.
Thus is done by first entering the data of the two rafts individually in the same manner of the
previous foundation example and then creating a project for the system of two rafts.

2.1 Calculation method

To create the project, start the sub program ELPLA-Data. Choose the “New project”
command from the “File” menu. The “Calculation method” wizard appears, Figure 3-2. This
wizard will guide you through the steps required to create the project. As shown in
Figure 3-2, the first form the wizard is the “Analysis type“ form. In this form, define the
analysis type of the problem where ELPLA can deal with different structural systems. As the
analysis type is a foundation problem, select “Analysis of slab foundation” then click “Next”
button to go to the next page.

Figure 3-2 “Calculation method” wizard with “Analysis type" form

After clicking “Next” button, the "Calculation methods" form appears, Figure 3-3.

To define the calculation method:

- Select the calculation method “6-Modulus of Compressibility (Iteration)”

- Select subsoil model “Layered soil model”
- Click “Next” button to go to the next form.

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Figure 3-3 “Calculation methods" form

The next form is the “System symmetry" (Figure 3-4). In this form choose “Unsymmetrical
system” then click “Next“ button.

Figure 3-4 “System symmetry" Form

The last form of the wizard assistant contains the “Option” list, Figure 3-5. In this list, ELPLA
displays some of the available options corresponding to the used numerical model, which
differ from model to other. Since no option will be considered in the analysis, click the
“Save” button.

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Figure 3-5 “Options" list

After clicking “Save” button, the "Save As" dialog box appears, Figure 3-6.

In this dialog box:

- Type a file name for the current project in the “File name” edit box. For example type
“Raft 1”. ELPLA will use automatically this file name in all reading and writing
processes.
- Click “Save” button.

Figure 3-6 "Save as" dialog box

ELPLA will activate the „Data“ menu. Also the file name of the current project [Raft1] will be
displayed instead of the word [Untitled] in the ELPLA-Data title bar, Figure 3-7.

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In the „Data“ menu, the user can enter the remaining data of the project using the same
sequence of commands in this menu. The first command in the menu is „Calculation
methods”, which has been already entered. Therefore, ELPLA had put the sign „√” beside this
command, Figure 3-7. ELPLA puts this sign beside the commands those the user has entered
so that the user can know which data were defined.

Figure 3-7 ELPLA-Data after defining the calculation method

2.2 Project identification

To identify the project, choose "Project identification" command from “Data” menu of
ELPLA-Data. The dialog box in Figure 3-8 appears.

In this dialog box:

- Type the following line to describe the problem in the “Title” edit box:
“Analysis of system of two circular rafts“
- Type the date of the project in the “Date” edit box.
- Type “Raft 1” in the “Project” edit box.
- Click “Save” button.

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Figure 3-8 "Project identification" dialog box

2.3 FE-Net data

Choose “FE-Net data” command from “Data” menu of ELPLA-Data. The “FE-Net
generation” wizard appears as shown in Figure 3-9. This wizard will guide you through the
steps required to generate the FE-Net. As shown in Figure 3-9 the first form of the wizard is
the “Slab type“ form which contains a group of templates of different shapes of nets. These
net templates are used to generate standard nets that have regular shapes. For the given
problem, the raft has a circular shape.

To generate the FE-Net:

- In the “Slab type” options, choose the circular slab option.

- Type 22 in the “Diameter of circular slab” edit box.
- Click “Next” button to go to the next form.

Figure 3-9 “Slab type” form

After clicking “Next” in “Slab type” form, the following “Generation type” form appears,
Figure 3-10. ELPLA can deal with various type of generations with triangle and/ or

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rectangular elements. Choose the combination of triangle and rectangular elements option as
the generation type. Then click “Next” button to go the next form.

Figure 3-10 “Generation type” page

The next form of the “FE-Net generation” wizard is the “Generation parameters” form. In this
form, the default values of generation parameters appear, Figure 3-11. For the given problem,
mesh optimization options are not required. In this form, type 8 in the “No. of circular
divisions ” edit box.

Figure 3-11 "Generation parameters" form

Click “Finish” button in the "Generation parameters" form. ELPLA will generate a suitable
FE-Net for the circular raft of 22 [m] diameter with a combination of triangle and rectangular
elements, which have equal areas. The following embedded program in Figure 3-12 appears
with the generated net.

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Figure 3-12 FE-Net on the screen

After finishing the generation of the FE-Net, do the following two steps:

- Choose “Save FE-Net” command from “File” menu in Figure 3-12 to save the data of
the FE-Net.
- Choose “Close FE-Net” command from “File” menu in Figure 3-12 to close “FE-Net”
embedded program and to return to the main window of ELPLA-Data.

2.4 Soil properties

To define the soil properties, choose “Soil properties” command from “Data” menu of
ELPLA-Data. The following sub program in Figure 3-13 appears with a default-boring log.

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Figure 3-13 ELPLA-Boring sub program with a default-boring log

Modifying data of boring log graphically

In ELPLA, the boring log can be defined or modified graphically, which makes the definition
of the boring log very easy. By double-clicking the left mouse button on a specified screen
position, the user can define or modify the soil data and input parameters graphically.

To enter the geotechnical data of the soil layer:

- Double-click on the geotechnical data of the soil layer.

The corresponding dialog box appears allowing you to modify the geotechnical data of
the soil layer, Figure 3-14.
- In the dialog group box “Geotechnical data of the layer” in Figure 3-14, define the
geotechnical data of the soil layer as follows:

Es = 9500 [kN/m2]
Ws = 9500 [kN/m2]

The values Es and Ws are the same because the effect of reloading on the soil is not required.
The unit weight of the soil is used to determine the overburden pressure qv [kN/m2] due to the
removed soil, which equal to γs*df. In the current example df = 0.0, which means the unit
weight of the soil is not required. However, the unit weight of the soil under the foundation
depth is entered by the default value. Also, the angle of internal friction φ and the cohesion c
of the soil are not required because the selected type of the analysis is linear analysis.

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Therefore, the user can let the default values of the internal friction and the cohesion. Next,
click “OK” button.

Figure 3-14 "Geotechnical data of the soil layer" dialog box

To define the soil type and color for the layer:

- Double-click on the soil symbol of the soil layer.

The corresponding dialog box appears allowing you to modify the soil symbols of that
layer, Figure 3-15.
- Select “U, Silt” as the soil type in the „Main soil type 1” combo box in the dialog
group box “Soil and rock symbols” in Figure 3-15.
The color of the silt and a short text “U” according to the German specification code
DIN 4023 will be automatically created.
- Click “OK” button.

Figure 3-15 "Soil and rock symbols" dialog box

To modify the groundwater depth under the ground surface:

- Double-click on the groundwater level.

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The corresponding edit box appears allowing you to modify the groundwater depth
under the ground surface, Figure 3-16. To neglect the uplift pressure on the raft,
groundwater level is chosen at anywhere under the raft basement.
- Type 15 in the “Groundwater depth under the ground surface” edit box.
- Click “OK” button

Figure 3-16 “Groundwater depth under the ground surface” edit box

To modify a layer depth:

- Double-click on the layer depth.

The corresponding edit box appears allowing you to modify the layer depth under the
ground surface, Figure 3-17.
- Type 15 in the “Layer depth under the ground surface” edit box.
- Click “OK” button.

Figure 3-17 "Layer depth under the ground surface" edit box

To modify the label of a boring log:

- Double-click on the label of the boring log.

- The corresponding edit box appears allowing you to modify the label of the boring
log, Figure 3-18.
- Type B1 in the edit box of Figure 3-18.
- Press “Enter” key to consider the text.

Figure 3-18 "Label of the boring log" edit box

To enter the main soil data for the layer:

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- Choose "Main soil data" from “Data” menu in Figure 3-13.

The following dialog group box in Figure 3-19 appears.
- In this dialog group box, enter the settlement reduction factor α and the groundwater
depth under the ground surface Gw [m] as indicated in Figure 3-19. Note that the
groundwater depth under the ground surface was typed in the corresponding edit box
because this value has been already defined graphically.
- Click “OK” button in the “Main soil data” dialog group box in Figure 3-19.

Figure 3-19 " Main soil data" dialog group box

After the user has completed the definition of all soil properties and parameters, the screen
should look like the following Figure 3-20.

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Figure 3-20 Boring log on the screen

After entering all data and parameters of boring log, do the following two steps:

- Choose "Save boring logs" command from “File” menu in Figure 3-20 to save the data
of boring log.
- Choose "Close boring logs" command from “File” menu in Figure 3-20 to close the
ELPLA-Boring sub program and to return to the main window of ELPLA-Data.

2.5 Foundation properties

To define the foundation properties, choose “Foundation properties” command from “Data”
menu of ELPLA-Data. The following embedded program in Figure 3-21 appears with default
foundation properties. The data of foundation properties for the current example, which are
required to define, are raft material and raft thickness. Any other data corresponding to
foundation properties in the program menus are not required. Therefore, the user can take
these data from the default foundation properties.

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Figure 3-21 "Foundation properties" embedded program

To enter the raft material and thickness:

- Choose "Element groups" command from “In Table” menu in the window of Figure 3-
21.
The following list box in Figure 3-22 with default data appears. To enter or modify a
value in this list box, type that value in the corresponding cell then press “Enter” key.
In the list box of Figure 3-22, enter E-Modulus of the raft, Poisson’s ratio of the raft
and raft thickness.
- Click “OK” button.

Figure 3-22 "Defining element groups" list box

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To enter the unit weight of the raft:

- Choose "Unit weight of the foundation" command from “Foundation properties” menu
in the window of Figure 3-21.
The following dialog box in Figure 3-23 with a default unit weight of 25 [kN/m3]
appears. To neglect the self-weight of the raft in the analysis, type 0 in the edit box
“Unit weight of the foundation”.
- Click “OK” button.

Figure 3-23 "Unit weight of the foundation" dialog box

After entering the foundation properties, do the following two steps:

- Choose "Save foundation properties" command from “File” menu in Figure 3-21 to
save the foundation properties.
- Choose "Close foundation properties" command from “File” menu in Figure 3-21 to
close the “Foundation properties” embedded program and to return to the main
window of ELPLA-Data.

2.6 Loads
To define the loads, choose “Loads” command from “Data” menu of ELPLA-Data. The
following embedded program in Figure 3-24 appears.

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Figure 3-24 "Loads" embedded program

To enter loads:

- Choose “Point loads” command from “In Table” menu in the window of Figure 3-24.
The following list box in Figure 3-25 appears.
- Enter the external point loads P [kN] and their corresponding coordinates (x, y) in the
list box of Figure 3-25. This is done by typing the value in the corresponding cell and
then press “Enter” key.
The coordinates of the point load are related to the lower-left corner of the raft (local
coordinates).
- Click “OK” button.

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Figure 3-25 "Point loads P" list box

After you have completed the definition of all load data, the screen should look like the
following:

Figure 3-26 Loads on the screen

After finishing the definition of load data, do the following two steps:

- Choose “Save loads” command from “File” menu in Figure 3-26 to save the load data.
- Choose “Close loads” command from “File” menu in Figure 3-26 to close the “Loads”
embedded program and return to the main window of ELPLA-Data.
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The project creation of the raft 1 is now complete.

3 Creating the project of the raft 2

The data of the two rafts are quit similar except the origin coordinates of the global system,
which are chosen to be (0, 0) and (0, 22.5) for rafts 1 and 2 respectively. Project identification
is entered so that you can distinguish between the two projects. The data of raft 2 are created
by first saving the data of raft 1 under a new file name and then modifying the project
identification and origin coordinates.

To save the data under a new file name:

- Choose “Save project as” command from “File” menu of ELPLA-Data. The following
"Save As" dialog box appears, Figure 3-27.

In this dialog box:

- Type a file name for the project of raft 2 in the file name edit box. For example type
“Raft 2”.
- Click “Save” button.

Figure 3-27 "Save as" dialog box

3.1 Modifying the project identification

To modify the project identification of raft 2, choose "Project identification" command from
“Data” menu of ELPLA-Data. The dialog box in Figure 3-27 appears. In this dialog, type
“Raft 2” in the “Project” edit box then click “Save” button.

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Figure 3-28 "Project identification" dialog box

3.2 Modifying origin coordinates

To modify the origin coordinate of raft 2, choose “Foundation properties” command from
“Data” menu of ELPLA-Data. The following embedded program in Figure 3-29 appears.

Figure 3-29 "Foundation properties" embedded program

In this "Foundation properties" embedded program, choose "Origin coordinates" command

from “Foundation properties” menu in the window of Figure 3-29. The following dialog box
in Figure 3-30 appears. Type 22.5 in the “x-coordinate” edit box then click “OK” button.

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Figure 3-30 "Origin coordinate" dialog box

After modifying the foundation properties, do the following two steps:

- Choose "Save foundation properties" command from “File” menu to save the
foundation properties.
- Choose "Close foundation properties" command from “File” menu to close the
“Foundation properties” embedded program and return to ELPLA-Data.

Creating the projects of the two rafts 1 and 2 is now complete.

4 Creating the project of the system of rafts 1 and 2

Data of system of many slabs are defined through the “Data” menu in ELPLA-Data, which in
this case contains the following two commands:

- “Filenames of slabs foundations” command.

- “Project identification” command.

4.1 Filenames of slabs foundations

Choose “New project” command from the “File” menu of ELPLA-Data. The following
“Calculation method” wizard in Figure 3-31 appears.

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Figure 3-31 “Calculation method” wizard

As the analysis type is a system of two rafts , select “Analysis of system of many slab
foundations” then click “Next” button.

After clicking “Next” button, "Filenames of slab foundations" list box in Figure 3-32 appears.

Figure 3-32 “Filenames of slab foundations" list box

To enter the file names of the rafts, which are required to be analyzed as a system of
foundations, click “Add project” command. After clicking “Add project” command, the
"Open" dialog box in Figure 3-33 appears.
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In this dialog box:

- Type the file name of raft 1 in the file name edit box.
- Click “Open”

Figure 3-33 “Open" dialog box

Repeat the previous steps and enter the file name of the raft 2. After completing the definition
of file names of the projects, the list box should look like the following figure.

Figure 3-34 “Filenames of slab foundations" list box after entering file names of the projects

Click “Save” button in the “List of filenames of slab foundations" list box in Figure 3-34. The
"Save As" dialog box in Figure 3-35 appears.

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In this dialog box:

- Type a file name for the project of a system of rafts in the file name edit box. For
example type “Raft 1 + 2”.
- Click “Save” button.

Figure 3-35 “Save as" dialog box

4.2 Project identification

The project of a system of rafts is considered as an independent project. Therefore, like the
single rafts, a new identification of the project of the system of rafts must be entered.

To identify the project, choose "Project identification" command from “Data” menu of
ELPLA-Data. The dialog box in Figure 3-36 appears.
In this dialog box:

- Click “Load” button and open the project identification data of the Raft 1
- Modify “Raft 1” to “Raft 1 + 2” in the “Project” edit box.
- Click “Save” button.

Figure 3-36 "Project identification" dialog box

Creating the project that contains the system of rafts 1 and 2 is now complete. The next step is
analyzing the problem.

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5 Carrying out the calculations

5.1 Starting ELPLA-Solver

To analyze the problem, leave ELPLA-Data to ELPLA-Solver. This is done by clicking on
“Solver“ in the menu bar of the sub programs at the upper-right corner of ELPLA-Data. Then,
ELPLA-Solver window appears, Figure 3-37.

Figure 3-37 The opening screen of the sub program ELPLA-Solver

ELPLA-Solver automatically opens the data file of the current example and displays the data
file name in the title bar of ELPLA-Solver window. The “Calculation” menu contains
commands of all calculations. Commands of calculation depend on the used calculation
method in the analysis. For the current example, the items, which are required to be
calculated, are:

- Assembling the load vector

- Determining flexibility coefficients of the soil
- Determining flexibility coefficients of the soil for system of slabs
- Assembling the soil stiffness matrix
- Iteration process
- Determining deformation, internal forces, contact pressures

These calculation items can be carried out individually or in one time.

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5.2 Carrying out all computations

To carry out all computations in one time:

- Choose "Computation of all" command from “Calculation” menu in ELPLA-Solver

Window.
The following „Iteration parameters” option box in Figure 3-38 appears.
- In „Iteration parameters” option box, select the option of the iteration condition.
- Click "OK" button.

Figure 3-38 “Iteration parameters" option box

The progress of all computations according to the defined method will be carried out
automatically with displaying information through menus and messages.

Analysis progress
Analysis progress menu in Figure 3-39 appears in which various phases of calculation are
progressively reported as the program analyzes the problem. Also, a status bar on the screen
down of the ELPLA-Solver window displays information about the progress of calculation.

Figure 3-39 Analysis progress menu

Iteration Process:
Information about the convergence progress of the computations is displayed in the „Iteration
process” list box in Figure 3-40 during the iteration process.

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Figure 3-40 "Iteration process" list box

Check of convergence
An accuracy number controls the convergence progress of the solution. The solution is
considered convergent if the accuracy number of the step i+1 is less than that of the previous
step i. The maximum difference between the soil settlement and the slab deflection in [m] is
considered as an accuracy number. A message box appears during the iteration process when
the convergence maybe becomes no longer exist, Figure 3-41.
For example where:
The accuracy number of the iteration No. 5 = 0.00021766310 [m]

And:
The accuracy number of the iteration No. 4 = 0.00020922720 [m]

Figure 3-41 "Check of convergence" message box

In this case the user can either stop the iteration process and save the results of iteration No. 5
or continue the iteration process until reaching the convergence.

Do the next steps to continue the iteration process:

- Click „OK“ button in the "Check of convergence" message box in Figure 3-41.
The "Iteration process" list box in Figure 3-42 appears. Note that the "Pause" button
changes to "Continue" button.
- Click "Continue" button.

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Figure 3-42 "Iteration process" list box

Check of the solution

Once the analysis is complete, a check menu of the solution appears, Figure 3-43. This menu
compares between the values of actions and reactions. Through this comparative examination,
the user can assess the calculation accuracy.

Figure 3-43 Menu "Check of the solution"

To finish analyzing the problem, click “OK” button.

6 Viewing data and results

ELPLA can view the data and results for each raft separately or for the system of rafts
together. Individual data or results can be viewed in a manner similar to that in the previous
examples. Here, you will learn to view the results of the system of rafts together through the
following two samples.

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6.1 Viewing result graphics

To view the data and results of a problem that has already been defined and analyzed
graphically, leave ELPLA-Solver to ELPLA-Graphic. This is done by clicking on “Graphic“
in the menu bar of the sub programs at the upper-right corner of ELPLA-Solver window.

ELPLA-Graphic window appears, Figure 3-44. ELPLA-Graphic automatically opens the data
file of the current example and displays the data file name in the title bar of ELPLA-Graphic
window.

Figure 3-44 The opening screen of the sub program ELPLA-Graphic

To view the results as contour lines:

- Choose “Results as contour lines” command from “Graphic” menu of ELPLA-

Graphic.
The following option box in Figure 3-45 appears.
- In „Results as contour lines” option box, select “Settlements s” as a sample for the
results to be displayed.
- Click "OK" button.
- The settlements are now displayed as contour lines for the two rafts together as shown
in Figure 3-46.

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Figure 3-45 “Results as contour lines" option box

Figure 3-46 Settlements as contour lines

6.2 Plot a diagram of the results

To plot a diagram of the results, leave ELPLA-Graphic to ELPLA-Section. This is done by
clicking on “Section“ in the menu bar of the sub programs at the upper-right corner of
ELPLA-Graphic window.

ELPLA-Section window appears without file name in the window title bar, Figure 3-47. The
disappearance of the file name in the window title bar indicating ELPLA-Section cannot deal
with the results of a system of rafts directly.

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Figure 3-47 The opening screen of the sub program ELPLA-Section

To consider the results for the system of rafts together:

- Choose “Open” command from “File” menu of ELPLA-Section. Then, open the
project “Raft 1”.
- Choose “Combination from many projects” command from “File” menu of ELPLA-
Section. The following list box in Figure 3-48 appears. ELPLA-Section automatically
considers the project “Raft 1” in the list of projects to be combined.
- Click „Add project“ button in “Combination from many projects" list box. Then open
the project „Raft 2“.
- Click „OK“ button in the “Combination from many projects" list box.

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Figure 3-48 “Combination from many projects" list box

To plot a section in x-direction:

- Choose “Section in x-direction” command from “Sections” menu.

- The following option box in Figure 3-49 appears.
- In „Section in x-direction” option box, select “Settlements s” as a sample for the
results to be plotted in a diagram.
- Click "OK" button.

Figure 3-49 “Section in x-direction" option box

The following option box in Figure 3-50 appears to specify the section in x-direction that is
required to be plotted.

In this dialog box:

- Type 11 in the “Section at y-coordinate” edit box to plot a diagram at the middle of
the two rafts.
- Click "OK" button.

The settlements are now plotted in a diagram at the middle of the two rafts together as shown
in Figure 3-51.
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Figure 3-50 "Section in x-direction" dialog box

Figure 3-51 Diagram of settlements in x-direction at the middle of the two rafts

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ELPLA-Tutorial

7 Index

C L
Calculation ............................................................... 3-27 load vector ............................................................... 3-27
calculation method ..................................................... 3-4 loads........................................................................... 3-3
Calculation methods..........................................3-5, 3-24 Loads ....................................................................... 3-18
check of the solution ................................................ 3-30
Computation of all.................................................... 3-28
contact pressures ...................................................... 3-27 M
contour lines............................................................. 3-31
Main soil data .......................................................... 3-14

D
O
deformation .............................................................. 3-27
diagram .................................................................... 3-32 origin coordinate ...................................................... 3-22

F P
FE-Net........................................................................ 3-9 Point loads ............................................................... 3-20
flexibility coefficients .............................................. 3-27 Project identification................................ 3-8, 3-21, 3-26
foundation properties ............................................... 3-16

S
G
Save project as ................................3-7, 3-21, 3-24, 3-25
Generation parameters ............................................. 3-10 Slab type .................................................................... 3-9
Graphic..................................................................... 3-31 soil...............................................................................3-4
soil properties........................................................... 3-11
soil stiffness matrix.................................................. 3-27
I System symmetry....................................................... 3-6

internal forces........................................................... 3-27

Iteration process ........................... 3-27, 3-28, 3-29, 3-30 U
Unit weight ....................................................... 3-3, 3-18

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