And • join parallel sentences 和 e.g. She likes to sing and dance. • join continuous actions e.g. She took her bag and went out. Or • show options 或者 e.g. Would you like hot choclate or milk? • show consequences e.g. We have to leave early or we might not get good seats for the show. But • show contrast 可是 e.g. Kate is talkative but her sister is quiet. Because / As • show reasons 因为 e.g. Ramesh did not sit for the test because/as he was sick. So / Therefore • show results 所以 e.g. I was tired so/therefore I went to bed early last night. If • show conditions 如果 e.g. If you play in the rain, you will fall ill. Although • used to show that something happens regardless of 虽然 the fact that another contrasting situation has happened e.g. Although he failed, he did not give up. Unless • used to show that something can only happen in a 除非 particular situation e.g. We don’t switch on the air conditioner unless the weather is really hot. While / When • used to show something happens during the time that 当 something else is happening e.g. They were making a lot of noise when the discipline teacher walked past.