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Ss3 Computer Note (Week 3) Introduction to Database

Database Database Database Database Database

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6 views

Ss3 Computer Note (Week 3) Introduction to Database

Database Database Database Database Database

Uploaded by

itzphynaa
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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WOODLAND HILLS HIGH SCHOOL, SHASHA,

LAGOS
COMPUTER STUDIES FOR SS3

INTRODUCTION TO DATABASE

AMIRE OPEYEMI
2024-10-07
GREAT STUDENT OF COMPUTER STUDIES!

TRUST YOU ARE DOING GREAT WITH YOUR FAMILIES!


QUOTE FOR THE WEEK
“ Academic excellence without moral excellence is like a ship
without a sail: it may look good, but it cannot reach its
destination “

STUDENT FIRST TERM TARGET SCORE IN COMPUTER STUDIES


TEST CUT OFF MARK – 13
EXAM CUT OFF MARK - 50

This is achievable if you believe and act on what you believe


about yourself
Instruction: Ensure you write your note well, submit note and
assignment on or before Friday, 11th October, 2024.
Monday, 7TH October, 2024
INTRODUCTION TO DATABASE

LESSON OBJECTIVES
1. Explain database concepts and the functions of a database.
2. Explain the concept of database packages.
3. Mention examples of database packages.
4. Explain basic terms in database systems.
5. State features of a database
6. Describe traditional filing methods.
7. Explain types of database models with diagrams.
8. State forms of database organization.

DATABASE
A database is an organized collection of data that allows easy access, management, and
updating. They are used to store and organize data efficiently for quick retrieval and
manipulation.

FUNCTIONS OF A DATABASE
1. Data Storage: Databases store data in a structured manner.
2. Data Retrieval: It allows users to quickly retrieve specific information using
queries.
3. Data Manipulation: Data can be updated, added, or deleted.
4. Report Generation: Databases can create reports summarizing data.
5. Data Security: It protects sensitive data through access control and permissions.

DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (DBMS)/DATABASE PACKAGES


This is a software that helps in creating and managing databases.
Examples of Database Packages
1. MySQL
2. Microsoft Access
3. Oracle Database
4. SQLite
5. MongoDB
6. MariaDB
7. Microsoft SQL
8. PostgreSQL
9. IBM DB2
10. Redis

BASIC TERMS IN DATABASE SYSTEMS


1. Record: This is a complete set of related data in a database (e.g., a single row in a
table).
2. Field: This is a single piece of information (e.g., Name, Address).
3. Table: This is a structured format used to store data in rows and columns.
4. Query: This is a command used to retrieve specific data from the database.
5. Primary Key: This is a unique identifier for each record in a table (e.g., Student ID).
6. Foreign Key: This is a field in one table that refers to the primary key of another
table, establishing relationships between tables.
7. Form: This is a database object that can be used to enter, edit, or display data from a
table or a query.
8. Report: This is a structured, formatted and organized presentation of data extracted
from a database
9. File: This is a collection of objects in a database
10. Object: This is a component in a database e.g. form, report, query and table

FEATURES OF A DATABASE
a. Data Structures: It organizes data into tables, records (rows), fields (columns), and
indices.
b. Report Generation: It allows the creation of summaries and reports from stored
data, which can be printed or exported.
c. Query Language: It is a tool that helps retrieve specific data using commands. The
most common query language is SQL (Structured Query Language).
d. Modules: This is a functional components of a database that perform specific tasks,
such as user management, data entry, or querying.
e. Data Integrity: Databases ensure that data is accurate and consistent. Data integrity is
maintained through constraints such as primary keys, foreign keys, and unique
constraints, ensuring that incorrect or duplicate data is not entered.

TRADITIONAL FILING METHODS


Traditional filing systems were paper-based systems used to organize documents, records,
and files. Examples are Filing cabinets, folders, and shelves.
Limitations of Traditional Filing:
a. It is time-consuming to manage and update.
b. It is prone to data loss or damage.
c. It is inefficient for storing large volumes of data.
d. It is difficult to search and retrieve specific information.
e. It has difficult replication method.

DATABASE MODELS
Database models define how data is structured and organized in a database system. There
are different models used to organize data:
Types of Database Models
1. Hierarchical Model: This is a database model in which data is organized in a tree-
like structure. It consists of parent-child relationships where each parent can have
multiple children, but each child can only have one parent.

SCHOOL

SCIENCE ART

GOVERNMEN
BIOLOGY PHYSICS LITERATURE
T
2. Network Model: This is a database model in which data is represented using nodes
and relationship but allows each child to have multiple parents.

COLLEGE

CSE
LIBRARY
DEPARTMEN
T

STUDENT

3. Relational Model: This is a database model in which data is stored in tables (rows
and columns). Tables are related through keys (primary and foreign keys). It is the
most commonly used in modern databases (e.g., MySQL, Microsoft Access).

STUDENT ID NAME CLASS CLASS ID CLASS TEACHER


001 TOPE JSS1 001 JSS1 MISS TOLA
002 DAMMY JSS2 002 JSS2 MR OLA
STUDENT
003 TOSIN JSS3 003 JSS3 MR FEMI
TABLE CLASS TABLE

4. Object-Oriented Model: This is a database model in which data is stored as objects,


similar to the concepts used in object-oriented programming. It is useful in
databases where complex data relationships exist.
STUDENT
(LASTNAME:BELLO,
FIRSTNAME:DOMINI
C)

DEPARTMENT
CLUB (CLUB:DRAMA) CLASS (CLASS: SS3)
(DEPT:ART)

FORMS OF DATABASE ORGANIZATION


1. Centralized Database: This is a database in which data is stored in a single location
and accessed from there. Example: A central bank database.
2. Distributed Database: This is a database in which data is stored across different
locations but can be accessed and managed as a single database. Example:
University databases spread across different campuses.
3. Cloud Database: This is a database in which data is stored on cloud servers and
accessed through the internet. Example: Google Drive or cloud-based CRM systems.

GOD BLESS YOU ALL!


STAY STRONG AND STAY SAFE!!

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