DEMO VERSION OF THE SECOND ROUND TASKS
Engineering and Technologies: Second-round sample tasks for the
Open Doors Postgraduate Track
You will be asked to complete 36 tasks, including:
- 20 entry-level tasks, each correct answer worth 1 point;
- 12 intermediate-level tasks, each correctly answered task worth 3-4 points;
- 4 advanced tasks (constructed response), each correctly completed task valued at 9–11
points.
Evaluation criteria and standard answers are provided for the advanced tasks requiring
constructed responses.
Engineering, mechanical
Task 1
Entry level (1 point)
Four forces = = 10 Н, = = 33 N are applied to the vertices of the rectangle.
Determine the modulus of the resultant of this system of forces.
a) 10 N
b) 20 N
c) 40 N
d) 0 N
Answer: a.
Task 2
Entry level (1 point)
The drawing of the part shows 3 views: the front view, the left view and the top view. Specify
what type of lines should be used in place of the red line shown in the front view.
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a)
b)
c)
d) No line needed
a) Answer a
b) Answer b
c) Answer c
d) Answer d
Answer: d.
Task 3
Intermediate level (1 point)
Indicate which design document will be used to manufacture the product shown in the figure.
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a) installation drawing
b) service manual
c) working drawing of the part
d) assembly drawing
Answer: c.
Task 4
Entry level (1 point)
The figures show an image of a threaded bushing. Indicate what threads are cut on it.
a) right-hand thread on the outside, left-hand thread on the inside
b) right-hand threads on the outside and inside
c) left-hand thread on the outside, right-hand thread on the inside
d) left-hand threads on the outside and inside
Answer: a.
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Task 5
Entry level (1 point)
The drawing shows a front view of the part and 4 horizontal section options A-A. Determine
which one is correct.
Answer: a.
Task 6
Entry level (1 point)
What is equal to the upper deviation: 50-0,39?
a) 50
b) +0,39
c) 0
d) -0,39
Answer: c.
Task 7
Entry level (1 point)
What material is used to make cores for casting moulds?
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a) Sand and clay mixture
b) Wood
c) Foam
d) Cast iron
e) Steel
Answer: a.
Task 8
Intermediate level (3 points)
The point M motion is given by the equations:
, (см)
Define its acceleration (cm/s2) at the moment t = 2.0 (s). Write the answer in cm/s2 to the nearest
tenth.
Answer: 11.7
Task 9
Intermediate level (3 points)
Point B of a rod AB of length 2 m moves according to the equations
(cm), yB = 0, and the rod itself rotates in the Oxy plane according to the
law φ = 0,5πt. Determine at time t1 = 0.5 s the projection of the velocity vector of point A on
the Oh axis. Write the answer in cm/s to three significant digits.
Answer: -2,22
Task 10
Intermediate level (3 points)
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A bar of uniform section F with its left edge rigidly fixed in section A is loaded by local
forces Р, 3Р and Р in sections B, C and D correspondingly (Р = 5 kN). Find the maximum value
(in modulus) of axial force Nx. Answer in kN in the answer field, rounded to the nearest integer
value.
Answer: 20 kN
Task 11
Intermediate level (3 points)
A shaft of constant stiffness and round section with diameter d with its left edge rigidly
fixed in section A is loaded by local torques M, 3M and M in sections B, C and D
correspondingly (M = 20 kN·m). Find the maximum value (in modulus) of the torque Мx.
Answer in kN•m in the answer field, rounded to the nearest integer value.
Answer: 40 kN·m
Task 12
Intermediate level (3 points)
R1=10 Ω, R2=15 Ω, U1=30 V. What is U2 equal to? Write the answer in V, rounding up to an
integer value.
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Answer: 18
Robotics
Task 13
Intermediate level (3 points)
The figure shows the tool path during CNC milling.
Indicate which of the G-CODE programs corresponds to it. Assume that the tool is initially
located at point (0,0).
a)
G91
G00 X10 Y20
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G01 X0 Y20 F200
G01 X20 Y0
G02 Y-20 I0 J-20
G01 X-40
b)
G90
G00 X10 Y20
G01 X0 Y20 F200
G01 X20
G02 X20 Y-20 R20
G01 X-40
c)
G91
G00 X10 Y20
G01 X0 Y20 F200
G01 X20 Y0
G02 X-20 Y-20 R20
G01 X-40
d)
G90
G00 X10 Y20
G01 X10 Y40 F200
G01 X30 Y40
G02 X50 Y20 R20
G01 X10
Answer: a, d.
Task 14
Entry level (1 point)
What distance a point of mass m will travel along the Ox axis in time t = 1s if it moves
under the action of a force (N)? At time t0 = 0, the coordinate x0 = 3 m, velocity
vx0 = 6 m/s.
a) 3 m
b) 6 m
c) 10 m
d) 25 m
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Answer: c.
Task 15
Intermediate level (3 points)
A force F = 100 N was applied to the upper part of a pipe located on a horizontal plane.
The pipe has inner diameter d = 0.15 m, outer diameter D = 0.25 m and mass m = 40 kg.
Determine the angular acceleration of the pipe. There is no slip between the pipe and the surface.
Enter the answer in ( ) in the answer box, rounded to an integer value.
Answer: 59
Task 16
Advanced (11 points)
It is necessary to print bushings from PETG plastic on a 3D printer according to the provided
drawing with the printing parameters specified in the table.
1) Calculate how many spools of plastic weighing 1 kg will be needed to print 1000 parts.
2) Consider the probability of defective printing of 3% (when printing three parts out of a
hundred, they come off the substrate or a blockage occurs in the nozzle).
Line width: 0.4 mm;
Layer thickness: 0.2 mm;
Number of bottom/roof layers: 10;
Number of perimeters: 5;
Filling: 20%.
Be careful: the assessment will take into account the progress of the solution; writing only the
answer is not enough.
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Express the answer in grams, with an approximation to the nearest whole number.
When calculating, take =3.14. The density of PETG material is taken as 1.27 g/cm³. The
dimensions in the drawing are given in millimetres.
Solution:
The volume of a hexagonal prism with a cylindrical hole is calculated using the formula:
, where S is the distance between the opposite faces of the hexagonal
prism (width across flats), D is the diameter of the cylindrical hole, and H is the height of the
part.
To calculate, we need to calculate the volume of the part printed with 100% filling (walls,
bottom, lid) – 3 points
and the internal volume of the part printed with 20% filling. – 3 points.
The thickness of the side walls will be
, where s is the line width, nst is the number of wall lines
(perimeters).
The thickness of the bottom and lid can be calculated using the formula
, where hl is the layer height, nl is the number of layers of the
bottom and cover.
The volume of the part will be:
The internal volume printed by the filling is obtained by subtracting the thickness of the walls,
bottom and roof:
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The external volume occupied by the walls, bottom and roof will be:
Thus, we can calculate the mass of the bushing as:
For 1000 parts we will need 73 spools of plastic, but considering that 3% of parts may be
printed with defects, we will need to print at least 1031 parts, which will require 76 spools.
Answer: 76
Assessment criteria:
Answer given: volume of the part printed with 100% filling (walls, bottom, lid) – 3 points
The correct answer is the internal volume of the part, printed with 20% filling. – 3 points.
The answer is given without taking into account defects with an error of ±1 coil: 73±1–3 points;
The correct answer is given taking into account compensation for defective parts: 76 – 11 points
Telecommunications
Task 17
Entry level (1 point)
What is the resistance at the terminals of the 10N sensor if the measured temperature of this
sensor is 0 degrees Celsius?
a) 0 Ω
b) 10 Ω
c) 50 Ω
d) 100 Ω
Answer: b.
Task 18
Entry level (1 point)
How many seven-segment digital indicators will be required to indicate an integer range of
values from -10 to 10?
a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) 4
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Answer: c.
Task 19
Intermediate level (3 points)
What is the K gain of a differential amplifier if R1 =10Ω, R2 =20Ω, U1=5V, U2=-5 V? Write the
answer, rounding up to an integer value.
Answer: 2.
Task 20
Advanced (9 points)
You have at your disposal a rectifier diode, the opening voltage of which can be
neglected, and a set of resistors R=1kΩ, R1=1kΩ, R2=1.5kΩ, R3=2kΩ, R4=10kΩ, R5=20kΩ.
Using a reference voltage source U = 15V, a resistor opening a rectifier diode R and the
proposed values of resistors R1 to R5, build a circuit of a diode limiter that does not exceed the
output voltage of 14,3V. In the answer, give the circuit of the diode limiter and specify the
values of the selected resistors.
Be careful: the assessment will take into account the progress of the solution; writing only the
answer is not enough.
Solution:
The designed diode limiter circuit is as follows: 4 points for a correctly designed circuit.
The selection of resistors for the reference voltage divider to calculate the voltage rating of the
limiter is done using the formula:
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resistor ratings must be selected to achieve the required voltage rating R1=1kΩ, R2=20kΩ
Answer: R1=1kΩ, R2=20kΩ.
Assessment criteria:
Correctly designed diode limiter circuit - 4 points.
Selection of resistors for the reference voltage divider to calculate the voltage rating of the
limiter - 5 points.
Engineering, electrical & electronic
Task 21
Entry level (1 point)
What is the picture of a diode symmetrical triac?
a) 6
b) 7
c) 8
d) 9
Answer: d.
Task 22
Entry level (1 point)
Find the reading of the device A1 if A2 = 3A, A3 = 6A, A4= 2A.
a) 5A
b) 11А
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c) 1А
d) 7А
Answer: a.
Task 23
Intermediate level (3 points)
A three-phase asynchronous motor is connected to a three-phase network with a voltage of
380V, frequency f = 50 Hz according to the "triangle" scheme. Active power consumption P =
2.5 kW, power factor cos = 0.9. Determine the total power consumption of the electric motor.
Enter the result in VA in the answer box, rounded to an integer value.
Answer: 2782
Task 24
Advanced (11 points)
A linear electrical circuit is described by a transfer function of the form: . Find
the transition time for this circuit, provided that a single-step action is applied to its input.
Introduce an inertia-free correction link into the chain so that the transient process time is
reduced by 2 times. What is the correction factor?
Be careful: the assessment will take into account the progress of the solution; writing only the
answer is not enough.
Solution:
Let us reduce the original transfer function (TF) to the canonical
form:
, Dividing the numerator and denominator of the TF by 10, from the obtained TF in
the canonical form we can see that the time constant of the circuit is equal to T=1, respectively
the time of the transient process t=3T = 3*1=3 s. (3 points) t
To find the correction factor to reduce the transient time, we will use the introduction of
negative feedback into the original linear electric circuit. For convenience, let's pass from the
initial RC to the transfer function of the circuit: . Using the formula for expressing
the closed TF through the open loop TF we obtain: . For the initial TF we
obtain:
the result is: , Kос=0,1.
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Answer Kос=0,1.
Assessment criteria:
Determined the transient time - 4 points.
Obtaining the expression of the closed TF - 4 points.
Determination of correction coefficient - 3 points.
Materials science, characterization & testing
Task 25
Entry level (1 point)
A bar of uniform section F with its left edge rigidly fixed in section A is loaded by local
forces Р, 3Р and Р in sections B, C and D correspondingly (Р = 10 kN). The allowable stress of
bar material is [σ] = 200MPa. Find the minimum value of the F section area, derived from the
strength state condition.
a) 1 cm2
b) 2 cm2
c) 3 cm2
d) 4 cm2
Answer: d.
Task 26
Entry level (3 points)
A shaft of constant stiffness and round section with diameter d with its left edge rigidly fixed in
section A is loaded by local torques M, 3M and M in sections B, C and D correspondingly (M =
10 kN·m). The allowable stress of bar material is [τ] = 200MPa. The sectional modulus of
torsion WP=πd3/16. Find the minimum value of shaft diameter d derived by strength state
condition. Write the answer in cm rounded to tenths.
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Answer: 12,7 cm.
Task 27
Advanced (11 points)
The beam ОС is suspended on rods 1, 2, and 3 which are made of a material with a
Young's modulus E. Rods have cross-sectional areas - F1 , F2 , and F3, respectively, and rods’
length is а. The distance from the joint and between the rods is equal to а. The ОС beam is
considered an absolutely solid body compared to the rods. The left end of the beam at point O is
attached to a rigid wall by a hinge-fixed support, and at point C it is loaded with force P. The
weight of the beam in comparison with the force P is neglected. P = 28 kN, F1=F2=F3=F.
Determine the value of the longitudinal force N1 in the rod 1. Enter the answer in (kN)
rounded to an integer value in the response field.
Solution:
Given that the beam is in equilibrium under the action of loads, we cut it out along the
rods near the beam and write the equilibrium equation, assuming that all the rods experience
tension.
Σ Mo= 0 => N1·a + N2·2a + N3·3a = P·3a (1)
Build a deformed system. Under the action of force P, the beam ОС will rotate around
the hinge O. The amount of rotation of the beam is determined by the deformations of rods 1, 2
and 3. Due to the smallness of deformations, we can assume that any point of the beam moves
vertically down.
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The position of the beam without load is shown in the drawing ОС´, and under load Р –
ОС. Respectively, АА´ is the elongation of the rod 1, ВВ´ is 2 elongation of the rod and the СС´
rod extension 3. You can record the geometric similarity of the elongation of the rods.
Δl2 = 2Δl1 и Δl3 = 3Δl1 (2)
Express the elongation of rods through forces, lengths, and stiffness
Δl1 = N1·a / EF
Δl2 = N2·a / EF (3)
Δl3 = N3·a / EF
Replacing expressions for extensions (3) in (2) we get
N2 = 2 N1 и N3 = 3 N1 (4)
Next, we substitute expressions (4) in (1)
3 6 9
N1 = P N2 = P N3 = P (5)
14 14 14
By substituting the load value P = 28 kN, we get the amount of force in the rod 1 – N1 =
6 kN.
Answer: 6.
Assessment criteria:
Drawing with forces - 2 points.
Equilibrium condition (1) is written - 3 points.
The deformed system is constructed and condition (2) is written - 3 points.
Solved the system (3), (4) and obtained the correct answer - 3 points.
Task 28
Entry level (1 point)
What is called the tensile strength?
a) The maximum size of a body at which it fails
b) The minimum stress that occurs in a body before it fractures
c) A physical quantity that indicates at what external force acting on a substance a body fails.
d) The maximum stress that occurs in a body before it fractures
Answer: d.
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Nuclear science & technology
Task 29
Entry level (1 point)
An electron has momentum p. The de Broglie wavelength of this electron is determined by
the formula:
a)
b)
c)
d)
Answer: b.
Task 30
Entry level (1 point)
What is the wavelength of the X-ray characteristic line for aluminium ( ):
a) 844 pm
b) 100 pm
c) 11,0 pm
d) 0.88 pm
Answer: b.
Task 31
Entry level (1 point)
The fission of a uranium nucleus produces two fragments and free neutrons
Identify the second fragment.
a)
b)
c)
d)
Answer: c.
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Task 32
Intermediate level (4 points)
Helium is produced by the radioactive alpha decay of radium ²²6₈₈Ra. What amount of
helium is formed in 40 years from 1.0 grams of radium if the half-life of ²²6₈₈Ra is 1600 years?
State the answer in µg to the nearest hundredth.
Answer: 0.44
Automation & control systems
Task 33
Entry level (1 point)
Which differential equation gives a mathematical description of the aperiodic link?
a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) 4
e) 5
f) 6
Answer: a.
Task 34
Entry level (1 point)
Using the graph of the transient process, estimate its degree of attenuation if а=4,b=3.
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a) 1
b) 1/3
c) 1/4
d) 12
Answer: с.
Task 35
Entry level (1 point)
The inertia-free link with K = 10 was covered by rigid negative feedback with a coefficient of
0,25. What is the gain factor of the resulting system?
a) 0,476
b) 0,909
c) 1
d) 1,476
e) 2,857
f) 11,110
Answer: e.
Task 36
Intermediate level (4 points)
For a dynamic system model presented in the form of state variables, find the eigenvalues of the
matrix A
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a) –2
b) 0
c) 2
d) 4
e) 6
f) 8
Answer: a, e.
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