ABSTRACT

The Vehicle Parking Management System (VPMS) is system that enables users to reserve a
parking space. It also allows the users to view the parking status for parking the vehicle. The
project aimed at solving problems like traffic congestion and collision of the vehicle by
designing a web-based system that will enable the users to make a reservation parking space
before visiting the parking area.

The project is implemented using different development tools which include HTML for
creating interfaces, CSS and Bootstrap for styling web pages and JavaScript for dynamism in
the web pages and as an input validation tool. XAMMP was used to build the database and
PHP used as a server scripting language to connect the user interfaces to the database

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 Contents

Chapter Title Page No.

1 INTRODUCTION 3

2 PROBLEM STATEMENT 4

3 OBJECTIVES 5

4 METHODOLOGY 6
5 RESULT 11
FEATURE WORK 14

CONCLUSION 15

REFERENCES 16

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 1.INTRODUCTION

Urban areas in India are experiencing unprecedented growth in vehicle ownership, which is not
matched by the expansion of parking infrastructure. This disparity has led to significant issues such as
severe traffic congestion, illegal parking, and the narrowing of streets due to on-street parking. Traditional
approaches to increasing parking spaces are insufficient to address these problems comprehensively.
Therefore, there is a pressing need for a technology-driven solution to optimize the use of existing parking
resources and improve overall parking management.

The Parking Management System (PMS) is designed to address these challenges by leveraging
modern technologies. The system integrates sensors and software to provide real-time data on parking
availability, enhancing the efficiency of parking management. Dynamic pricing strategies based on demand
are also implemented to optimize revenue and balance parking space utilization. By developing a user-
friendly mobile application and web portal, the PMS aims to simplify the process of reserving and paying
for parking spots, thereby reducing congestion and supporting sustainable urban development.

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 2. PROBLEM STATEMENT
In India, the number of vehicles is constantly on the rise, while the availability of parking space in cities
has not kept pace with the increasing vehicle numbers, primarily due to the rapid growth in population.
Consequently, issues such as traffic congestion, narrowed streets due to on-street parking, a mismatch
between parking supply and demand, and illegal parking have become all too familiar in Indian cities.
Parking space has become a scarce commodity, and instead of simply increasing the number of available
parking spaces, it is crucial to employ effective technology-based solutions to optimize their utilization.

Smart parking solutions, utilizing sensors and software, can provide real-time information on available
parking spaces to both city officials and drivers. Furthermore, leveraging emerging technologies can help
optimize parking prices. A low parking price may encourage more vehicles on the road, leading to
increased air and noise pollution, whereas too high prices may generate less revenue and less effective
resource usage. Apart from the loss of revenue for operators, there is an economic downside to the business
in the vicinity, affecting government taxes and employment. At the same time, parking space area and costs
also have a correlation to balance optimum usage and revenue.

Therefore, setting the right price for parking based on demand and optimizing occupancy is the best
approach. The primary objective of the solution should be to equip city administrators with an effective
parking management tool that can predict, manage, and finance parking in cities. An app should be
developed to allow citizens to conveniently reserve parking spots and make payments based on dynamic
pricing. This not only saves citizens' time spent searching for parking but also reduces environmental
degradation resulting from congestion caused by parking and provides a sustainable source of revenue for
the city administration. We need an innovative, simple, and widely covered parking solution for the city
that also becomes most compliant for traffic and mobility needs.

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 3. OBJECTIVES

 Efficient Parking Utilization: Develop a system that optimizes the use of available parking spaces
in the city by leveraging technology-based solutions. This ensures that parking spaces are used effectively,
reducing the time spent searching for parking and minimizing traffic congestion.

 Real-Time Information: Implement sensors and software to provide real-time updates on parking
slot availability. This information will be accessible to both city officials and drivers, enabling better
management and use of parking spaces.

 Dynamic Pricing: Integrate a dynamic pricing model to optimize parking fees based on demand. This
approach helps balance the parking supply and demand, encouraging efficient use of parking spaces and
generating optimal revenue.

 User Convenience: Develop a user-friendly application that allows citizens to reserve parking spots
and make payments easily. This feature saves time and reduces the hassle associated with finding and
paying for parking.

 Environmental Impact: Reduce environmental degradation by decreasing congestion caused by

vehicles searching for parking. By providing real-time information and optimizing parking usage, the
system contributes to lower emissions and noise pollution.

 Revenue Generation: Provide a sustainable source of revenue for city administration through
optimized parking fees and efficient resource utilization. This revenue can be reinvested into further
improving city infrastructure and services.

 Comprehensive Management Tools: Equip city administrators with effective tools to predict,
manage, and finance parking in cities. This includes monitoring parking history, managing parking slots,
and overseeing the entire parking system efficiently.

 Future-Ready System: Ensure the system is scalable and adaptable to incorporate future
enhancements, such as advanced sensor technologies and integration with broader smart city initiatives.

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 4.METHODOLOGY

4.1. Requirements Analysis

 Stakeholder Interviews: Gather requirements from city officials, parking operators, and users.
 Market Research: Analyze existing solutions and identify areas for improvement .

4.2. System Design

 Architecture Design: Define system architecture including sensors, central server, and user
interfaces.
 Database Design: Design the database schema for managing parking data.
 User Interface Design: Create wireframes and mockups for the application.
 Data Flow Diagram (DFD): Develop a DFD to visualize data flow within the system.
 Entity-Relationship Diagram (ERD): Develop an ERD to represent data relationships within the
system.

Languages used

There are some programming languages that are used in this project.
1. HTML
2. CSS
3. Bootstrap
4. JavaScript
5. PHP
6. MySQL
7. jQuery

Software used

There are some softwares that are used in this project.

1. Xampp local server
2. Chrome web browser (you can use any)
3. Text editor

There are two roles in the project.

1. User
2. Admin

Admin
Admin can login to the system by using his/her user id and password. Admin
can access all the functionality after login.
There are some functionalities that admin dashboard has –

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1. View Dashboard – Admin can view the admin dashboard, where admin can see some useful
information like total no of users registered, total number of vehicles registered, total number of
parked vehicles, total capacity of the parking, total parking space available etc.

2. Edit Profile – Admin can edit his/her profile.

3. Change Password – Admin can change their profile password.

4. Park & unpark vehicle – Admin can park and unpark the vehicle by searching vehicles
by vehicle number.

5. Print Slip – Admin can print the slip of parking fee; fee is calculated as per total number
of hours vehicle parked.

6. Manage vehicle type – Admin can manage the vehicle type, he can edit
the existing vehicle type, delete the existing vehicle type and add new
vehicle type.

7. Manage User – Admin can manage the registered user, he can edit the existing user,
delete the existing user.

8. Manage parking slot – Admin can manage the parking slots; he can edit
and delete a parking slot.

9. Manage rates – admin can manage the parking rates for different type of vehicles.

10.Check history – Admin can check the history of any vehicle, when and
how much time it is parked in the parking.

11.Check report – Admin can generate the report for specific time period
showing the details of total vehicles parked in the parking.

User
User can login to the system by using his/her user id and password. User can
access all the functionalities after login.

There are some basic functionalities that are provided to the user.
1. Edit profile – User can view and edit his/her profile.
2. Change password – User can change his/her profile password.
3. Check availability – User can check the availability of the parking space in the parking.

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4.3 Data Flow Diagram (DFD

Fig:4.1 Data Flow Diagram (DFD)

The Data Flow Diagram (DFD) provides a high-level overview of the Parking Management System
(PMS) and its interactions with users and administrators. It shows how data flows between different
components of the system and external entities.

In figure 3.1: Data Flow Diagram (DFD)

Components:

 User:
o Check availability
o Login/Register
o Update profile
o Return availability status
o Park and unpark vehicle
o Request for history
 Admin:
o Login
o Return to dashboard
o Request for report
o Generate report
o Generate history
 VPMS (Vehicle Parking Management System):
o Central system that manages user and admin interactions and data processing.

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4.4 ER diagram

Fig4.2 ER diagram

The Entity-Relationship (ER) Diagram illustrates the data schema and relationships between different
entities in the Parking Management System. It provides a detailed view of the data structure and how
various components are interconnected.

In figure 3.2: Entity-Relationship (ER) Diagram

Entities:

1. Admins
o Attributes: id, name, email, password, mobile
2. Users
o Attributes: id, name, email, password, mobile
3. Parking Slots
o Attributes: id, name, capacity

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 4. Vehicles
o Attributes: vid, vehicle_no, vehicle_owner, owner_email, vehicle_type, status
5. Vehicle Type
o Attributes: id, type
6. Parking History
o Attributes: id, vehicle_no, in_date, out_date
7. Rates
o Attributes: id, vehicle_type, rate

Relationships:

 Users register their vehicles.

 Vehicles have a specific vehicle type.
 Parking slots are managed by admins.
 Parking history tracks vehicle movements.
 Rates are associated with different vehicle types.

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 5.RESULTS

The Vehical Parking Management System (VPMS) effectively addresses the challenges of
managing parking spaces in urban areas. Through its user-friendly interface, users can easily
register their vehicles, check the availability of parking slots, and manage their profiles. The
system's real-time updates ensure that users are informed about the status of parking spaces,
reducing the time spent searching for parking. The admin interface allows administrators to
efficiently manage parking slots, rates, and generate comprehensive reports on parking
history. Overall, the VPMS enhances the efficiency of parking management, minimizes
congestion, and provides a sustainable solution for urban parking needs. The attached
screenshots demonstrate the key functionalities and user interfaces of the system, highlighting
its practical implementation and user-centric design.

Fig 4.1 User Registration Interface

The fig4.1 User Registration Interface of the Vehical Parking Management System (VPMS) allows users
to register their vehicles. It includes input fields for entering the vehicle number, owner name, owner email
ID, and selecting the vehicle type. Once the user fills in the required details, they can click the "Register
Vehical" button to complete the registration process.

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 Fig 4.2 User Dashboard Interface

The fig 4.2 User Dashboard Interface of the VPMS provides a centralized platform for users to
manage their parking activities. It includes options to update their profile, change their password, and
check the availability of parking slots. Additionally, the dashboard offers important instructions for
users regarding the registration and parking fee policies. This interface ensures that users have a
seamless experience while interacting with the parking management system.

Fig 4.3 Admin Interfac

Admin Login Page Similar to the user login, the admin login page allows administrators to access
the backend of the system. Admins must enter their credentials to proceed.

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 Fig 4.4 Admin Dashboard Interface

Admin Dashboard Once logged in, the admin dashboard offers a comprehensive set of
management tools. Admins can navigate through various functionalities such as updating their
profile, changing the password, managing parking slots, viewing the parking history, and more. The
interface is designed to be intuitive, ensuring that admins can efficiently manage all aspects of the
parking system.

Admin Dashboard Functionalities.

 Update Profile: This feature allows admins to update their personal information such as name, email,
and mobile number. It ensures that admin contact details are always current.

 Change Password: Admins can change their passwords to maintain security. This feature requires the
current password and the new password to confirm the change.

 Park & Unpark Vehicles: Admins can manage the parking and unparking of vehicles. This involves
assigning vehicles to available slots and marking slots as occupied or vacant based on vehicle movement.

 Print Slip: After parking a vehicle, admins can print a parking slip containing details such as the vehicle
number, owner name, parking slot, and time of parking. This slip serves as proof of parking for the user.

 Manage Vehicle Types: Admins can add, edit, or remove vehicle types. This ensures that the system can
handle various types of vehicles and apply appropriate rates and rules.

 Manage Parking Slots: Admins can manage the availability and capacity of parking slots. This includes
adding new slots, updating existing ones, and marking slots as under maintenance if needed.

 Check History of Vehicles: This feature provides a detailed history of all parked vehicles, including
entry and exit times. It allows admins to monitor usage patterns and identify any discrepancies or issues.

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 Feature Work

Fig 5.1 Real-Time Parking Place Detection:

 Integrate IoT sensors in each parking spot to monitor availability in real time.
 Develop a system to collect and process sensor data, displaying the availability status on the user's
mobile app and website.
 Implement map visualization to help users easily locate available parking spaces.

 Automated Parking Reservation System:

 Create a reservation module in the application, allowing users to book parking spots in advance.
 Incorporate a secure payment gateway to facilitate online payments for reservations.
 Develop a notification system to remind users of their upcoming reservations.

 User Profile Management:

 Enable users to create and manage their profiles, storing personal information and vehicle details.
 Implement a feature to track parking history and generate reports for user reference .

 Dynamic Pricing Mechanism:

 Implement a dynamic pricing algorithm based on demand and availability to optimize

parking space utilization.
 Allow users to view pricing information in real-time, helping them make informed
decisions.

 Feedback and Support System:

• Add a feedback module to gather user opinions and improve the service based on
their suggestions.

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 CONCLUSION
The parking management system effectively addresses the challenges associated with managing parking
spaces in urban environments. By implementing a comprehensive set of functionalities for both Admins
and Users, the system streamlines parking operations, enhances user experience, and optimizes space
utilization.

For Admins, the system provides robust tools to monitor and manage various aspects of parking
management. The dashboard offers valuable insights into user and vehicle statistics, while features such as
managing vehicle types, parking slots, and rates ensure that the parking facility operates efficiently. The
ability to park and unpark vehicles, generate parking slips, and review historical data further supports
effective administration and decision-making.

Users benefit from a streamlined interface that allows them to manage their profiles, change
passwords, and check parking availability with ease. This user-centric approach reduces the time and effort
required to find parking and enhances overall satisfaction.

Future work should focus on refining features, incorporating advanced technologies, and
expanding the system's capabilities to further enhance parking management and user convenience.

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 REFERENCES
 Parking Management Systems
Wikipedia - Parking Management
Provides an overview of different types of parking management systems and their applications.

 Smart Parking Solutions

Forbes - Smart Parking Solutions
Discusses innovative smart parking technologies and their impact on urban management.

 Parking Management Technologies

Tech Crunch - Parking Technology
Features articles on the latest advancements in parking management technologies.

 Urban Parking Challenges

City Lab - Urban Parking Issues
Analyzes common issues faced in urban parking and possible solutions.

 Software Tools for Parking Management

Tech Target - Parking Management Software
Information about various software tools available for parking management.

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