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MATHS PROJECT

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MATHS PROJECT

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irfanalimbe
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© © All Rights Reserved
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VELAMMAL VIDYALAYA

MANGADU

Academic session:2023-24

MATHEMATICS
Submitted by
NAME : L. Dinesh karthik

CLASS : XII

ROLL NUMBER:1202005
VELAMMAL EDUCATIONAL TRUST

VELAMMAL VIDYALAYA

MANGADU

Name: L. Dinesh karthik Batch no:

Class : XII Regd . No:

CERTIFICATE
Certified that this is a bonafide record of practical work done by
Mr/Miss in the laboratory
during the year

Teacher-in-charge

Submitted for the practical examination in

At held on ___________
PRINCIPAL INTERNAL EXAMINERS EXTERNAL
EXAMINERS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
In the accomplishment of this project successfully, many people have
bestowed the blessings and heart pledged support upon me , I take this
opportunity to express my gratitude to all, who have been instrumental
in the successful completion of this project.

Primarily, I express my deep sense of gratitude to the luminary,


The correspondent, shri M.V.M. VEL MOHAN, The
principal,

Ms. SHAMSUNNISA BEGUM, and the senior secondary


Sr.Head

Master/Miss , providing the best of facilities and

environment to bring out innovation and spirit of inquiry trough this


venture

I am deeply in debited to my teacher Mr.A.ABDULLA SHERIFF,


without whose constructive feedback, this project would not have been
successful. The valuable advice and suggestions for corrections ,
modifications and improvements did enhance the quality of the task.

I would also like to thank my parents, friends and all the members who
contributed to this project was vital for the success of the project. I
am grateful for their constant support and help.
S.NO INDEX PAGENO

1 To demonstrate a function
which is not one-one but is
onto.

2 To sketch the graphs of a x and


logax, a > 0, a ≠ 1 and to
examine that they are mirror
images of each other.
ACTIVITY 3
OBJECTIVE
To demonstrate a function which is not one-one but is onto.
MATERIAL REQUIRED
Cardboard, nails, strings, adhesive and plastic strips
METHOD OF CONSTRUCTION
1. Paste a plastic strip on the left hand side of the cardboard and fix three nails on it as shown in the
Fig.3.1. Name the nails on the strip as 1, 2 and 3.
2. Paste another strip on the right hand side of the cardboard and fix two nails in the plastic strip as shown
in Fig.3.2. Name the nails on the strip as a and b.
3. Join nails on the left strip to the nails on the right strip as shown in Fig. 3.3.

DEMONSTRATION
1. Take the set X = {1, 2, 3}
2. Take the set Y = {a, b}
3. Join (correspondence) elements of X to the elements of Y as shown in Fig. 3.3
OBSERVATION
1. The image of the element 1 of X in Y is ‘a’. The image of the element 2 of X in Y is ‘b’.
The image of the element 3 of X in Y is ‘b’. So, Fig. 3.3 represents a onto function .
2. Every element in X has a non-distinct image in Y. So, the function is not one-one.
3. The pre-image of each element of Y in X exists. So, the function is onto.
APPLICATION
This activity can be used to demonstrate the concept of one-one and onto function.
ACTIVITY 7
OBJECTIVE
To sketch the graphs of ax and logax, a > 0, a ≠ 1 and to examine that they are mirror images of each
other.
MATERIALS REQIURED
Drawing board, geometrical instruments, drawing pins, thin wires, sketch pens, thick white paper,
adhesive, pencil, eraser, a plane mirror, squared paper.
METHOD OF CONSTRUCTION
1. On the drawing board, fix a thick paper sheet of convenient size 20 cm × 20 cm (say) with adhesive.

2. On the sheet, take two perpendicular lines XOX′ and YOY′, depicting coordinate axes.
3. Mark graduations on the two axes as shown in the Fig. 7.
4. Find some ordered pairs satisfying y = ax and y = logax. Plot these points correspond
ding to the ordered pairs and join them by free hand curves in both the cases. Fix thin wires along these
curves using drawing pins.
5. Draw the graph of y = x, and fix a wire along the graph, using drawing pins.
DEMONSTRATION
1. For ax, take a = 2 (say), and find ordered pairs satisfying it as
x 0 1 -1 2 -2 3 -3 1/2 -1/2 4
x
2 1 2 1/2 4 1/4 8 1/8 1.41 0.7 16

and plot these ordered pairs on the squared paper and fix a drawing pin at each point.
2. Join the bases of drawing pins with a thin wire. This will represent the graph of 2 x
3. log2x = y gives x=2y . Some ordered pairs satisfying it are:
x 1 2 1/2 4 1/4 8 1/8
y 0 1 -1 2 -2 3 -3

4.Plot these ordered pairs on the squared paper (graph paper) and fix a drawing pin at each plotted point.
Join the bases of the drawing pins with a thin wire. This will represent the graph of log 2x.
4. Draw the graph of line y = x on the sheet.
5. Place a mirror along the wire representing y = x. It can be seen that the two graphs of the given
functions are mirror images of each other in the line y = x.
OBSERVATION
1. Image of ordered pair (1, 2) on the graph of y = 2x in y = x is (2,1). It lies on the graph of y = 1.
2. Image of the point (4, 2) on the graph y = log2 x in y = x is (2,4) which lies on the graph of y = 4.
Repeat this process for some more points lying on the two graphs
APPLICATION
This activity is useful in understanding the concept of (exponential and logarithmic functions) which are
mirror images of each other in y = x.

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