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Creep PPT Lab

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35 views17 pages

Creep PPT Lab

Uploaded by

danushprashad
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Creep Testing

Mechanical Testing & Working Lab (MT39009)


By- Aniket Niranjan Mishra 17MT3FP20
Zihaan Mohamed Anoob 17MT10044
INTRODUCTION
What is Creep?

Time dependent plastic deformation at constant stress


A constant tensile or compressive load is applied to a specimen at a
constant temperature
ASTM Specification E139-70
Stages of creep

1. Primary creep –
Region of decreasing creep rate
Dislocation substructure causes an increase in overall resistance to creep
2. Secondary creep –
Constant and minimum creep rate observed
Dislocation substructure is stable due to balance between strain hardening and
recovery
3. Tertiary creep –
Region of increasing creep rate
Not observed in constant stress test
Metallurgical instabilities such as localized necking, corrosion, intercrystalline
fracture, microvoid formation
Why creep testing is important?
Essential for study of material characteristics at high temperature
Creep significant at homologous temperature (T/Tm) > 0.5
Time dependent plastic deformation vital for designing new material
Useful for modeling long term applications which are strain limited
Creep may lead to failure at extended time durations
Provides prediction of life expectancy before service. This is important for
example turbine blades.

• Creep changes with change in temperature or change in


stress
• Creep always increases with temperature
Disaster due to creep

World Trade Center collapse -


SEPTEMBER 11, 2001
Though the major contributor was the
reduced yield strength at elevated
temperatures, creep also played a decisive
role.

Steel did not melt, but may have been in the


austenitic phase field (above eutectoid
temperature of 727 C). – Severe weakening
due to creep

Ref. - T.W. Eagar and C. Musso, JOM,


(2001) December 8-11
Practical applications where creep is
significant
Hot pressure-loaded components in a nuclear reactor
Tungsten light bulb filaments
Steam turbine power plants
Jet engines
Heat exchangers
And many more…
Equipment used

Heating chamber

Creep testing machine


Experiment details

Al sample, gage length = 25 mm


Melting temperature - 660 degree Celsius
Experiment temperature – 350 degree Celsius
Homologous temperature – (350+273)/(660+273) = 0.6677
Creep expected as T/Tm > 0.5
Constant Load
Lever Arm Ratio = 20:1
Total time for which test done – 9 hrs
General Procedure

Gage length is measured


The sample is heated to the required temperature
The predetermined load is applied quickly without shock
Measurement of the extension are observed at frequent interval
Observations
Readings taken after the temperature
Graph obtained reaches nearby 300 Celsius are plotted
Observed Expected
Observed Expected
References

Mechanical Metallurgy – Dieter


Wikipedia
T.W. Eagar and C. Musso, JOM, (2001) December 8-11
Class Notes
Lab instruction manual
https://www.ibertest.es/en/products/creep-testing-machine-ibcreep-series/
Thanks
Questions are
welcome

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