Logic
Logic
Dr.Ahmed Bayoumi
Dr.Shady Elmashad
Objectives
Identify the basic gates and describe the behavior of each
Combine basic gates into circuits
Describe the behavior of a gate using Boolean
expressions, truth tables, and logic diagrams
Definition
A gate is a device that performs a basic operation on
electrical signals
Gates are combined into circuits to perform more
complicated tasks
describing the behavior of gates
and circuits by
Boolean expressions
logic diagrams
truth tables
Gates
six types of gates
NOT
AND
OR
XOR
NAND
NOR
NOT Gate
4–8
NAND and NOR Gates
Because there are three inputs to this circuit, eight rows are
required to describe all possible input combinations
This same circuit using Boolean algebra:
(AB + AC)
4–14
Now let’s go the other way; let’s take a
Boolean expression and draw
• Now compare the final result column in this truth table to the truth table for
the previous example
• They are identical
Properties of Boolean Algebra
Adders
At the digital logic level, addition is performed in binary
Addition operations are carried out
by special circuits called, appropriately, adders
The result of adding two binary digits could produce
a carry value
Recall that 1 + 1 = 10
in base two
A circuit that computes the sum of two bits
and produces the correct carry bit is called a half
adder
Adders
Circuit diagram representing
a half adder
Two Boolean expressions:
sum = A B
carry = AB
Integrated Circuits