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33 views5 pages

Exp 6

Uploaded by

abhiyadav43858
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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EXPERIMENT- 6

i Aim: To find the focal length of aconvex lens by plotting a graph:


(i) between u andv (ii)between -and

Page 10 (PHYSICS)
Apparatus: An optical beench with three uprights, aconvex lens, lens holder, two optical necdles, aknitting necdles &
a half-metre scale.

Ray Diagram :

made of
AB

2F
2F
Object Image
Needle Needle
D

Ftg. 11.1. Focal Length of Convex Lans

Formula Used:
The relation between 4, v andf for convex lens is:
11 1

Where f focal length of convex lens


u: distance of object needle from lens' optical centre.
: distance of image needle from lens' optical centre.
Observations:
) Rough focal length of the lens = 10cm
(ü) Actual length of knittingneedle, x= 15 cm.
(iüi) Observed distance between object needle &the lens when knitting needle is placed between them, y =15.2 cm.
(iv) Observed distance between image needle &the lens when knitting needle is placed between them, z=14.I cm.
(v) Index corection for the object distance u, x - y =-0.2 cm
(vi)Index correction for the image distance v, x z=+0.9 cm
Observation Table:

Position of: (cm)


S. No. Object Lens Image u (cm) v (cm) Iw(em') lu (cm')
needle needle
1 66 50 26 16 24 0.041 .062
2 67 50 27 17 23 0.043 0.058
68 50 28 18 22 0.045 0.055
4 70 50 30 20 20 0.05 0.05
75 50 33 23 17 0.058 0.043
80 50 34 24 16 0.062 0.041

Calculation of focal length by graphical method: ->


(Cm)
()u-v graph: The graph is arectangular hyperbola:
Scale: X' axis: Icm =5 cm of u
Y'axis: cm 5 cm of y v
AB AC 2for OC=OB =2/
OB OC
2
und also f
2
..Mean value of f- 10.1 cm
(ü) graph:1The graph is a straight line
u (cm)
Page 11 (PHYSICS)
Ih vs Ilv Cuve

Scale; X' axis: 1 cm = 0.01 cm' of

Y' axis: l cm =0.01 cm of

1 1 = 10.2cm.
Focal length,f=
OP OO
Result:
) From 4-v graph is, f= 10.Icm

(ii) From 1 1graph is,f= 10.2 cm


Precautions:
()Tips of object & image needles should be at the same height as the centre of the lens.
(ü) Parallax should be removed from tip-to-tip by keeping eye at a distance at least 30 cm. away from the needle.
(i) The image &the object needles should not be interchanged for different sets of observations.
-
---
- 4 -

U-D graphfor a convex lens

Scale:
X-axis :1 division = Cm
Y-axis :1 division = Cm

Hyperbolas

4
4(cm)

Fig. 9.12 Graph betweenu and v for a


convex lens.
graph for a convex lens Y

Scale:
X-axis :1div. = Cm
-1
Y-axis : 1div. = Cm

A0

1
Fig. 9.14 Graph between and 1 foI a convex lens.
V

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