Module 5 Impq
Module 5 Impq
one automatically, you can follow these steps. The instructions are
based on common presentation software like Microsoft PowerPoint
or Google Slides, but the general principles apply to most tools:
• Charts
A chart is a tool you can use to communicate data graphically. Including a
chart in a presentation allows your audience to see the meaning behind the
numbers, which makes it easy to visualize comparisons and trends.
Excel provides you different types of charts that suit your purpose. Based on the
type of
data, you can create a chart. You can also change the chart type later.
Excel offers the following major chart types-
Column Chart
Line Chart
Pie Chart
Doughnut Chart
Bar Chart
Area Chart
XY (Scatter) Chart
Bubble Chart
Stock Chart
Surface Chart
Radar Chart
Combo Chart
Each of these chart types have sub-types. In this chapter, you will have an
overview of
the different chart types and get to know the sub-types for each chart type.
Column Chart
A Column Chart typically displays the categories along the horizontal
(category) axis and
values along the vertical (value) axis. To create a column chart, arrange the data
in
columns or rows on the worksheet.
A column chart has the following sub-types-
Clustered Column.
Stacked Column.
100% Stacked Column.
3-D Clustered Column.
3-D Stacked Column.
3-D 100% Stacked Column.
3-D Column.
Line Chart
Line charts can show continuous data over time on an evenly scaled Axis.
Therefore, they
are ideal for showing trends in data at equal intervals, such as months, quarters
or years.
In a Line chart-
Category data is distributed evenly along the horizontal axis.
Value data is distributed evenly along the vertical axis.
To create a Line chart, arrange the data in columns or rows on the worksheet.
A Line chart has the following sub-types:
Line
Stacked Line
100% Stacked Line
Line with Markers
Stacked Line with Markers
100% Stacked Line with Markers
3-D Line
Pie Chart
Pie charts show the size of items in one data series, proportional to the sum of
the items.
The data points in a pie chart are shown as a percentage of the whole pie. To
create a Pie
Chart, arrange the data in one column or row on the worksheet.
A Pie Chart has the following sub-types-
Pie
3-D Pie
Pie of Pie
Bar of Pie
Doughnut Chart
A Doughnut chart shows the relationship of parts to a whole. It is similar to a
Pie Chart
with the only difference that a Doughnut Chart can contain more than one data
series,
whereas, a Pie Chart can contain only one data series.
A Doughnut Chart contains rings and each ring representing one data series. To
create a
Doughnut Chart, arrange the data in columns or rows on a worksheet.
Bar Chart
Bar Charts illustrate comparisons among individual items. In a Bar Chart, the
categories
are organized along the vertical axis and the values are organized along the
horizontal
axis. To create a Bar Chart, arrange the data in columns or rows on the
Worksheet.
14
Excel Charts
A Bar Chart has the following sub-types-
Clustered Bar
Stacked Bar
100% Stacked Bar
3-D Clustered Bar
3-D Stacked Bar
3-D 100% Stacked Bar
Area Chart
Area Charts can be used to plot the change over time and draw attention to the
total value
across a trend. By showing the sum of the plotted values, an area chart also
shows the
relationship of parts to a whole. To create an Area Chart, arrange the data in
columns or
rows on the worksheet.
An Area Chart has the following sub-types-
Area
Stacked Area
100% Stacked Area
3-D Area
3-D Stacked Area
3-D 100% Stacked Area
XY (Scatter) Chart
XY (Scatter) charts are typically used for showing and comparing numeric
values, like
scientific, statistical, and engineering data.
A Scatter chart has two Value Axes-
Horizontal (x) Value Axis
Vertical (y) Value Axis
It combines x and y values into single data points and displays them in irregular
intervals,
or clusters. To create a Scatter chart, arrange the data in columns and rows on
the
worksheet.
Place the x values in one row or column, and then enter the corresponding y
values in the
adjacent rows or columns.
Consider using a Scatter chart when-
You want to change the scale of the horizontal axis.
You want to make that axis a logarithmic scale.
Values for horizontal axis are not evenly spaced.
There are many data points on the horizontal axis.
You want to adjust the independent axis scales of a scatter chart to reveal
more
information about data that includes pairs or grouped sets of values.
You want to show similarities between large sets of data instead of
differences
between data points.
You want to compare many data points regardless of the time.
o The more data that you include in a scatter chart, the better the
comparisons you can make.
A Scatter chart has the following sub-types-
Scatter
Scatter with Smooth Lines and Markers
Scatter with Smooth Lines
Scatter with Straight Lines and Markers
Scatter with Straight Lines
Bubble Chart
A Bubble chart is like a Scatter chart with an additional third column to specify
the size of
the bubbles it shows to represent the data points in the data series.
A Bubble chart has the following sub-types-
Bubble
Bubble with 3-D effect
Stock Chart
As the name implies, Stock charts can show fluctuations in stock prices.
However, a Stock
chart can also be used to show fluctuations in other data, such as daily rainfall
or annual
temperatures.
To create a Stock chart, arrange the data in columns or rows in a specific order
on the
worksheet. For example, to create a simple high-low-close Stock chart, arrange
your data
with High, Low, and Close entered as Column headings, in that order.
A Stock chart has the following sub-types-
High-Low-Close
Open-High-Low-Close
Volume-High-Low-Close
Volume-Open-High-Low-Close
Surface Chart
A Surface chart is useful when you want to find the optimum combinations
between two
sets of data. As in a topographic map, colors and patterns indicate areas that are
in the
same range of values.
To create a Surface chart-
Ensure that both the categories and the data series are numeric values.
Arrange the data in columns or rows on the worksheet.
A Surface chart has the following sub-types-
3-D Surface
Wireframe 3-D Surface
Contour
Wireframe Contour
Quizzes
One of the easiest ways to start using PowerPoint in the classroom is to prepare
fun, interactive
quizzes with its help. It will be fun for the whole class because instead of the
piece of paper and a
pen, students can interact with each other and watch a neat visual presentation
meanwhile.