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Lesson7

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15 views2 pages

Lesson7

Uploaded by

emilytheresetrajano
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Listing Research Hypothesis

Hypothesis is a prediction of what might be the answer to your research


question/s and it typically focused on the relationship of two different variables used
in the study (Crossman, 2019). Formulating hypothesis is one of the most tedious
task in writing a research paper. The hypothesis gives directions to the collection and
interpretation of data thus it should be well grounded and written before the said
actions.

Prieto, et.al., (2017) stated that the hypothesis is written in declarative format
stating expected relationships between the phenomena to which our concepts refer.
Also, a hypothesis is a tentative explanation that accounts for a set of facts and can
be tested by further investigation.

Examples of a well-written hypothesis:

✓ Replacing the battery yearly can make my car to run more miles.

✓ The more vegetables I eat, the healthier I become.

✓ Watering the plants everyday makes them grow faster and greener.

✓ Playing mobile legends has negative effects on my sleeping pattern.

✓ Smartphone helps people communicate better than the traditional letters.

Characteristics of Hypothesis (Prieto, et.al., 2017 , Prasad, et.al., 2001)

✓ It can be tested – verifiable or falsifiable

✓ It is logical

✓ It is directly related to the research problem

✓ Hypotheses are not moral or ethical questions

✓ It is neither too specific nor too general

✓ It is a prediction of consequences

✓ It sets the limits of the study

✓ It is considered valuable even if proven false

Purpose and Importance of Hypothesis in Research

Hypothesis serves a very important role in conducting a research. Here are


the importance and purpose of hypothesis:

✓ Provides tentative explanation of phenomena and facilitates the extension of


knowledge in the area.
✓ Provides the investigator with a relational statement or relationship between
variables that is directly testable in a research study.

✓ It provides a direction to the research. It provides a framework for reporting


conclusions of the study.

✓ It could be considered as the working instrument of theory. It can be deducted


from theory and from other hypotheses.

✓ Proves the existence of relationship of variable

Categories of Hypotheses

Null Hypothesis (H0) – represents a theory that has been put forward, either
because it is believed to be true or because it is to be used as basis for argument but
has not been proven. It shows the absence of the relationship or effects.

Alternative Hypothesis (Ha) – is a statement of what a hypothesis test is set up to


establish. This is the opposite of null hypothesis and can only be reached once the
null hypothesis is rejected. Mostly, alternative hypothesis is the actual desired
answer of the researcher/s.

Example:

H0 – There is no difference between the two medicines on average.

Ha – The two medicines have different effects, on average.

Types of Hypotheses

1. Theory-driven vs. Data-driven hypotheses – a hypothesis that is based on


existing theory to explain the relationship of variables and the effects of one variable
on the other (theory-driven). Based on the findings of the previous research studies
(data-driven)

2. Directional (one-tailed) vs Non-directional (two-tailed) hypotheses –


directional states the relationship of two variables as well of the relationship of these
variables. Non-directional states the relationship of variables but not the direction of
the relationship.

3. Descriptive vs. Causal hypotheses – Descriptive specifies the relationship


between two variables due to the influence of something. Causal specifies the
relationship between two variables due to cause-effect relationship.

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