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    3.1 Exponential Functions

    Uploaded by

    Grace Froman
    Math 3 Exponential Functions

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    3.1 Exponential Functions

    Uploaded by

    Grace Froman
    8 views4 pages
    Math 3 Exponential Functions

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

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    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

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    Math 3 Exponential Functions

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    8 views4 pages

    3.1 Exponential Functions

    Uploaded by

    Grace Froman
    Math 3 Exponential Functions

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 4

    Exponential Functions

    Learning Objectives:
    1. The student will be able to evaluate exponential functions.
    2. The student will be able to graph exponential functions.
    3. The student will be able to evaluate functions with base e.
    4. The student will be able to use compound interest formulas.

    Exponential Function: f ( x)  a x is called an exponential function with base a where a and x are real numbers such that
    a  0 and a  1 .
    **Note: We do not allow 1 as the base of an exponential function. If a  1 , the function becomes the constant function
    defined by f ( x)  1 , which is not an exponential function.

    Example 1: Evaluate each exponential function if f ( x)  2 x


    Video for Example 1
    (a) f (1) (b) f (3)

    5
    (c) f (4.92) (d) f  
    2

    When graphing exponential functions, you will need to find the horizontal asymptote. For most functions, the horizontal
    asymptote will be the equation y  0 unless there is a vertical shift (i.e. something added or subtracted after the base of
    the function).

    Example 2: Graph each function. Give the domain and range. Be sure to graph the equation of the horizontal asymptote.
    Video for Example 2
    (a) f ( x)  2 x

    𝑥 𝑦 = 2𝑥

    −3 8
    7
    −2 6
    5
    −1 4
    3
    0 2
    1
    1
    -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
    2

    Page 1 of 4
    x 1
    1
    (b) f ( x)   
    2
    1 𝑥−1
    𝑥 𝑦 = (2) 8
    7
    −2 6
    5
    −1 4
    3
    0 2
    1
    1
    -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
    2

    (c) f ( x)  2x  3

    𝑥 f ( x)  2 x  3
    −2

    −1

    The exponential function f ( x)  a x has the following properties:


    1. When a  1 , the exponential function f is increasing over the entire domain.
    2. When 0  a  1, the exponential function f is decreasing over the entire domain.
    3. The graph of f has the x-axis as a horizontal asymptote.
    4. The domain of f is (, ) and the range of f is (0, ) .
    5. The graph is concave up over the entire domain if a  0 .
    6. The graph is concave down over the entire domain if a  0 .
    7. The function f is one-to-one.

    Page 2 of 4
    Compound Interest:
    nt
     r
    Formula: A  P 1   where the following represent each variable:
     n
    A = the amount after t years
    P = principal
    r = interest rate
    n = number of times compounded per year
    t = time in years

    Common Compoundings:
     Annually n 1
     Semiannually n2
     Quarterly n4
     Monthly n  12
     Weekly n  52
     Daily n  365

    Example 3: Suppose $2500 is deposited in an account paying 6% interest per year compounded semi-annually. Find the
    amount in the account after 10 years with no withdrawals.
    Video for Example 3

    Continuous Compounding Formula: A  Pert where the following represent each variable:
    A = the amount after t years
    P = principal
    r = interest rate
    t = time in years

    NOTE: e is a real number, NOT a variable. The value of e is approximately e  2.72 .

    Example 4: Suppose $2500 is deposited in an account paying 6% interest per year compounded continuously. Find the
    amount in the account after 10 years with no withdrawals. How much interest was earned (assuming no deposits or
    withdrawals were made)?
    Video for Example 4

    Page 3 of 4
    Example 5: Peoples Bank offers 5.42% compounded continuously on CDs. What amount invested now would grow to
    $20,000 in 30 years?
    Video for Example 5

    Example 6: At what interest rate, to the nearest hundredth of a percent, will $16,000 grow to $20,000 if invested for
    5.25 years and interest is compounded monthly?
    Video for Example 6

    Page 4 of 4

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