UNIT-IV

PARTIAL DIFFERENTIATION AND APPLICATIONS

2 MARKS QUESTIONS
1. Find the first order partial derivatives of 𝑙𝑜𝑔(𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 ).
2. Find the second order partial derivatives of ax2 + 2hxy+ by2
𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑢
3. If u = xy then find 𝜕𝑥 and 𝜕𝑦
𝜕2𝑓
4. If 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) = 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 , then find 𝜕𝑥𝜕𝑦
𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑢
5. If 𝑈 = sin(𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 ) , 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑛 𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝜕𝑥 𝑎𝑛𝑑 .
𝜕𝑦
2 f 2 f
6. Verify  for f(x, y) = ax2 + 2hxy + by2
x y y x
𝑑𝑢
7. Find , 𝑖𝑓 𝑢 = 𝑥 2 𝑦 3 , 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑥 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑡 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑦 = 𝑒 𝑡 .
𝑑𝑡
2𝑥𝑦 𝜕𝑢
8. If u = 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 (𝑥 2−𝑦 2 ) then find 𝜕𝑥
𝑥 𝜕2𝑢
9. If u = 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 ( ) then find
𝑦 𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦
𝜕(𝑢,𝑣)
10. If 𝑢 = 𝑥 + 𝑦 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑣 = 𝑥𝑦 then find 𝜕(𝑥,𝑦)
𝜕(𝑥 ,𝑦 )
11. If x = u (1-v), y = uv then find 𝜕(𝑢 ,𝑣)
 ( x, y )
12. If x = u(1 + v), y = v(1+u) then prove that 1 u  v
 (u , v)
𝑢,𝑣
13. If u = 3x+5y and v = 4x-3y then find 𝐽 (𝑥,𝑦 )
 x, y 
14. If x = r Cos, y = r Sin, then find J  
 r, 
5 MARKS QUESTIONS
𝜕2𝑓
15. Find first and second order partial derivatives of f(x,y) = x3+y3-3axy and verify 𝜕𝑥𝜕𝑦 =
𝜕2𝑓
𝜕𝑦𝜕𝑥

𝑥 𝑦
16. Verify Euler’s theorem for the function u= sin-1 (𝑦) +tan-1 ( 𝑥 )

x3+y3 𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑢
17. If u = tan-1( ), prove that x 𝜕𝑥 + y = sin 2u.
𝑥+𝑦 𝜕𝑦

𝑦 𝑍 𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑢
18. If u = 𝑧 + 𝑥 , then prove that x𝜕𝑥 + 𝑦 𝜕𝑦 + 𝑧 𝜕𝑧 . = 0
𝑥 𝑦 𝑧 𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑢
19. If u = f (r,s,t) where 𝑟 = 𝑦 , 𝑠 = 𝑧 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑡 = 𝑥 , then show that 𝑥 𝜕𝑥 + 𝑦 𝜕𝑦 + 𝑧 𝜕𝑧 = 0
 𝜕(𝑥,𝑦,𝑧)
20. If x + y + z = u , y + z = uv , z = uvw , then Show that = 𝑢2 𝑣
𝜕(𝑢,𝑣,𝑤)
21. If x=u(1-v) ,y=uv then prove that JJ1=1
𝑦𝑧 𝑥𝑧 𝑥𝑦 𝑢,𝑣,𝑤
22. If u = ,v= ,w= , then find 𝐽( 𝑥,𝑦,𝑧 )
𝑥 𝑦 𝑧
23. Show that the functions u = x + y + z ,v = xy + yz + xz and w = x2 + y2 + z2 are
functionally dependent. Also find the relation between them.
24. Show that the function u=x+y+z, v=x2+y2+z2-2xy-2yz-2zx and w=x3+y3+z3-3xyz are
functionally related.
25. Determine whether the functions 𝑢 = 𝑒 𝑥 sin 𝑦 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑣 = 𝑒 𝑥 cos 𝑦 are functionally
dependent or not.
𝑥 𝑥+𝑦
26. Determine whether the functions 𝑢 = 𝑦 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑣 = 𝑥−𝑦 are functionally dependent or not.
27. Expand 𝑒 𝑥𝑦 in the neighbourhood of (1,1) (or) Expand 𝑓 (𝑥, 𝑦) = 𝑒 𝑥𝑦 in powers of
(𝑥 − 1)and (𝑦 − 1).
𝜋
28. Expand 𝑒 𝑥 cos 𝑦 near (1, 4 ) by Taylor’s series method.
𝑦
29. Expand 𝑓 (𝑥, 𝑦) = tan−1 (𝑥 ) in powers of (𝑥 − 1)and (𝑦 − 1) upto third degree terms.
Hence compute 𝑓 (1.1,0.9) approximately.
30. Expand 𝑥 2 𝑦 + 3𝑦 − 2 in powers of (𝑥 − 1)and (𝑦 + 2) using Taylor’s theorem.
31. Expand 𝑒 𝑥 sin 𝑦 in powers of x and y.
32. Expand 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) = 𝑒 𝑦 𝑙𝑜𝑔(1 + 𝑥 ) in powers of x and y using Maclaurin’s Series.
33. Find the shortest distance from the origin to the surface xyz2=2

10 MARKS QUESTIONS

1 𝜕 2 𝑢 𝜕 2𝑢 𝜕2𝑢
34. If 𝑢 = ,𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 𝑧 2 ≠ 0 then prove that +𝜕𝑦 2 + 𝜕𝑧 2 =0
√𝑥 2 +𝑦 2 +𝑧 2 𝜕𝑥 2

𝜕2𝑢 𝜕 2𝑢 𝜕 2𝑢
35. If r2 = x2 + y2 + z2 and u=rm then prove that ( 𝜕𝑥 2 + 𝜕𝑦 2 + 𝜕𝑧 2 ) = 𝑚(𝑚 + 1)𝑟 𝑚−2
𝜕(𝑥,𝑦,𝑧)
36. If 𝑥 = 𝑟𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜑 , 𝑦 = 𝑟 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜑 , 𝑧 = 𝑟 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 then show that = 𝑟 2 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 .
𝜕(𝑟,𝜃,𝜑)
𝜕(𝑟,𝜃,𝜑)
Also find .
𝜕(𝑥,𝑦,𝑧)
𝑥 2 −𝑦 2 2𝑥𝑦
37. Prove that u = ,v= are functionally dependent and find the relation between
𝑥 2 +𝑦 2 𝑥 2+𝑦 2
them.
38. Examine the function f(x,y) = x4 + y4 - 2x2 + 4xy -2y2 for extreme values.
39. Find the maximum and minimum of Sinx + Siny + Sin(x+y).
40. A rectangular box open at the top is to have a volume of 32 cubic feets. Find the dimensions
of the box requiring least material for its construction.
41. Find the volume of the largest rectangular parallelepiped that can be inscribed in the
𝑥2 𝑦2 𝑧2
ellipsoid + 𝑏2 + 𝑐 2 = 1
𝑎2