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Module 6 Lecture 1(Advance Topics)

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Module 6 Lecture 1(Advance Topics)

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© © All Rights Reserved
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Database Management System

Course Code : CSE181501


MODULE : 6 : Advanced Topics
( Lecture – 1 )

Gautam Nath , Assistant Professor


CSE Department
Barak Valley Engineering College , Karimganj

Prepared By - Gautam Nath , Asst Professor , BVEC , Karimganj , Assam 1


Topics for today :
 Complex Data
 Object Oriented Databases
 Object Relational Databases
 Logical Databases

Prepared By - Gautam Nath , Asst Professor , BVEC , Karimganj , Assam 2


Complex Data
 Any data that does not fall into the traditional
field structure (alpha, numeric, dates) of a
relational DBMS is called a Complex Data.
 Examples of complex data types are
 bills of materials document
 word processing document
 maps
 time-series
 images
 video.

Prepared By - Gautam Nath , Asst Professor , BVEC , Karimganj , Assam 3


Prepared By - Gautam Nath , Asst Professor , BVEC , Karimganj , Assam 4
Object Oriented Databases(OODBMS)

 It is a database management system in which


information or data is represented in the form of
objects as used in object-oriented programming.
 Handles larger and complex data than RDBMS.
 Object oriented database can handle different
types of data.
 These are NoSQL or non-relational databases
 They are document oriented
 They are inspired by OO programming languages.

Prepared By - Gautam Nath , Asst Professor , BVEC , Karimganj , Assam 5


Object Oriented Databases(OODBMS)
 They are capable of storing complex objects, i.e., objects
that are composed of other objects, and/or multi-valued
attributes.

Popular NoSQL databases

 MongoDB—the most popular NoSQL system, especially


among startups. A document-oriented database with
JSON-like documents in dynamic schemas instead of
relational tables that’s used on the back end of sites like
Craigslist, eBay, Foursquare. It’s open-source, so it’s free,
with good customer service.

 Apache’s CouchDB , Hbase , Oracle NoSQL , Riak

Prepared By - Gautam Nath , Asst Professor , BVEC , Karimganj , Assam 6


Prepared By - Gautam Nath , Asst Professor , BVEC , Karimganj , Assam 7
RELATIONAL DATABASE ( RDBMS )

Repeated searching
takes place to find
the correct node.

Prepared By - Gautam Nath , Asst Professor , BVEC , Karimganj , Assam 8


No searching takes place to find the correct node.
Prepared By - Gautam Nath , Asst Professor , BVEC , Karimganj , Assam 9
RDBMS(SQL DB) OODBMS(No SQL DB)

Scale up : Scaling ability is limited Scale out : Scaling ability is not limited

Designed to handle Structured Designed to handle Semi Structured ,


Data Unstructured Data.
ACID Compliancy protects the ACID Compliancy is not ensured.
integrity of the database by stating
how transactions interact with the
database.
For an E-commerce and financial A No SQL database is an application
applications, an ACID-compliant for statistics and/or reports
database is preferable. generation.
No need to write a lot of codes We need to write a lot of codes

It is comparatively less efficient and It is more efficient and speedier than


slower than OODBMS. RDBMS.

Prepared By - Gautam Nath , Asst Professor , BVEC , Karimganj , Assam 10


RDBMS(SQL DB) OODBMS(No SQL DB)

Developers have to learn SQL and Uses APIs which allow developers to
understand relational database execute queries without having to
system. learn SQL or understand the database
system unlike relational databases

If we don’t have a changing If our data structure needs are


structure and have a moderate changing and growing fast every
growth rate, we must opt for SQL. minute, we need No SQL.

Prepared By - Gautam Nath , Asst Professor , BVEC , Karimganj , Assam 11


Object Relational Databases(ORDBMS)
 Object-relational model tries to bring the main
concepts from the OO domain to the relational
model
 Relation ( Tables) is still the fundamental structure
 Relational model extended with the following
features -
o Primitive and user-defined types (UDT)
o Specialized operators for complex types, e.g.,
images, multimedia, etc.
o Unique identifiers even for identical tuples
o Special operations can be defined over the user-
defined types (UDT)

Prepared By - Gautam Nath , Asst Professor , BVEC , Karimganj , Assam 12


Prepared By - Gautam Nath , Asst Professor , BVEC , Karimganj , Assam 13
Prepared By - Gautam Nath , Asst Professor , BVEC , Karimganj , Assam 14
Logical Databases

 Logical databases serve mainly to reuse predefined


functions for reading data from database tables.
 To keep the application logic of application programs free
from technical details, logical databases can perform the
following tasks:
o Reading the same data for multiple programs
o The individual programs do not then need to know
the exact structure of the relevant database tables
(and especially not their foreign key relationships).
Instead, they can rely on the logical database to read
the database entries in the right order.

Prepared By - Gautam Nath , Asst Professor , BVEC , Karimganj , Assam 15


 Central authorization checks : Authorization
checks for centralized sensitive data can be
programmed centrally in the database to prevent
them from being bypassed by simple application
programs.

 Improving performance : If you want to improve


response times, logical databases permit you to take a
number of measures to achieve this (for example,
using joins instead of nested SELECT statements).
These become effective immediately in all of the
application programs in question and save you from
having to modify their source code.

Prepared By - Gautam Nath , Asst Professor , BVEC , Karimganj , Assam 16


Prepared By - Gautam Nath , Asst Professor , BVEC , Karimganj , Assam 17
Next Class
 Web Databases
 Distributed Databases
 Data Warehousing and Data Mining

Prepared By - Gautam Nath , Asst Professor , BVEC , Karimganj , Assam 18

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