MOHAN BIDKAR

DEE.BE. (Electronics & Power)

RETD.
ADEE/TRD/MANMAD
CENTRAL RAILWAY
MOBILE – 09766596347
WHATSAPP – 09766596347
EMAIL –
[email protected]
 PROTECTION

RAILWAY
TRACTION SUB STATION

2
 3
132 / 25 KV TRACTION SUBSTATION LAYOUT PLAN
 PROTECTION RAILWAY
TRACTION SUB STATION
TRANSFORMER PROTECTION
LIGHTNING ARRESTORS – HV & LV SIDE
EARTH FAULT RELAYS - HV & LV SIDE (REF)
INSTANTANEOUS OVER CURRENT RELAY –
HV SIDE (OCR1-I)
IDMT OCR RELAY – HV SIDE (OCR1-T)
TRASFORMER OVER LOAD PROTECTION,
3 STAGE RELAY – HV & LV SIDE
 PROTECTION RAILWAY
TRACTION SUB STATION
TRANSFORMER PROTECTION
IDMT OCR RELAY – LV SIDE (OCR-2)
TRANSFORMER DIFFERENTIAL RELAY
(DFR)
TRANSFORMER BUCHOLZ RELAY
TRANSFORMER PRESURE RELAESE
DEVICE (PRD)
TRASFORMER WINDING TEMPERATURE
PROTECTION RELAY (WTI)
 PROTECTION RAILWAY
TRACTION SUB STATION
TRANSFORMER PROTECTION
LOCAL BREAKER BACKUP PROTECTION --
LV SIDE (LBB)
TRANSFORMER OIL TEMPERATURE RELAY (OTI)
TRANSFORMER MINIMUM OIL GAUGE / RELAY
(MOG)
TRANSFORMER ARCING HORNS – HV & LV SIDES
TRANSFORMER ONLOAD TAP CHANGER
PROTECTION – HV & LV SIDE
TRASFORMER AIR BALOON & SILICA GEL
PROTECTION
 PROTECTION RAILWAY
TRACTION SUB STATION
TRANSFORMER PROTECTION
TRANSFORMER FIRE PROTECTION
SYSTEM
TRANSFORMER INTER TRIP RELAY (ITR)
CIRCUIT BREAKER TRIP CIRCUIT
SUPERVISION SYSTEM
CIRCUIT BREAKER LOW GAS & AIR
PRESSURE RELAYS
 PROTECTION RAILWAY
TRACTION SUB STATION
FEEDER PROTECTION
INSTANTANEOUS OVER CURRENT RELAY
(OCR3)
WRONG PHASE COUPLING RELAY (WPC)
DISTANCE PROTECTION RELAY (DPR)
VETORIAL DELTA -I RELAY
PANTO FLASHOVER RELAY
AUTO RECLOSE LOCKOUT RELAY
PT FUSE FAILURE INDICATION
 PROTECTION RAILWAY
TRACTION SUB STATION
TSS PROTECTION
DC voltage monitoring relay to be provided on
control and relay panel to monitor the DC and AC
voltage.
DC UV Alarm – 100 VDC, Op. Time- 30 Sec.
DC UV Trip – 82 VDC, Op. Time -0.5 Sec.
DC OV Alarm – 140 VDC , Op. Time -30 Sec.
AC OV Alarm – 270 VAC, Op. Time -30 Sec.
AC UV Alarm – 170 VAC, Op. Time -30 Sec.
PROTECTION RAILWAY TRACTION SUB STATION

10
PRINCIPAL
OF RELAY
OPERATION
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12
PROTECTION IN RAILWAY TRACTION SUB STATION

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Transformer
Protection

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 HV Side protection
LIGHTNING ARRESTORS

• LA - 198 KV LA For 220 KV System

- 120 KV LA For 132 KV System

- 96 KV LA For 110 KV System

- 60 KV LA For 66 KV System

15
Instruction No. TI/IN/0022
(February/2010) & Rev. on 19/07/2012

Setting guide lines

for
Traction transformer &
25kV Shunt capacitor bank
Protection relay
developed as
per RDSO specification no.
TI/SPC/PSI/PROTCT/6070(9/08)
for 25 kV ac traction sub-station
16
17
 HV Side protection
PRIMARY SIDE CURRENT
• RESTRICTED EARTH FAULT
• REF1 = 10% of IP FL
WHERE IP FL = PRIMARY FULL LOAD CURRENT

• OVER CURRENT
• IDMT OCR1 (T) = 190 % of IP FL
TMS = Such that relay operation must be
in between 500 to 600 msec for a
fault occurring on LV Bus.
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 HV Side protection
PRIMARY SIDE CURRENT

• INSTANTANEOUS OCR1 (I)

OCR1 (I) = 125 % of LV bus fault

referred to HV side
TMS = 20 msec.

19
 HV Side protection
PRIMARY SIDE CURRENT
Definite Time Over current Relay
(Rev. issued on 19/07/2012)
• HV side
OL1 = 130% of IP FL 15 min = 900 Sec
OL2 = 150% of IP FL 12 min = 720 Sec
OL3 = 180% of IP FL 05 min = 300 Sec
Repeated Over load protection Relay
POL = 110% of IP FL
TMS = 70 Sec.
POST OVERLOAD TIME RESET SETTING = 3 Hrs. 20
 Incoming HV Side Protection
OCR-1 (I) & (T), REF RELAY OPERATION

CT CT

Stabilizing
Resistance

Inst IDMT
REF relay

O/C Relay
Trn – HV side
21
HV Side protection Transformer

22
HV Side protection Transformer

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 LV Side protection
LIGHTNING ARRESTORS
• LA - 42 KV LA For 25 KV System

24
 LV Side protection
SECONDARY SIDE CURRENT
• RESTRICTED EARTH FAULT
• REF2 = 10% of IS FL
WHERE IS FL = SECONDARY FULL LOAD CURRENT

• OVER CURRENT
• IDMT OCR2 (T) = 180 % of IS FL
TMS = Such that relay operation must be in
between 250 to 300 msec for a fault
occurring on LV Bus. 25
 LV Side Protection
SECONDARY SIDE CURRENT
Definite Time Over current Relay
(Rev. issued on 19/07/2012)
• LV side
OL1 = 120% of IS FL 14 min = 840 Sec
OL2 = 140% of IS FL 10 min = 600 Sec
OL3 = 170% of IS FL 04 min = 240 Sec
Repeated Over load protection Relay
POL = 100% of IS FL
TMS = 60 Sec.
POST OVERLOAD TIME RESET SETTING = 3 Hrs.
26
 25 kV/LV Side
Protection TFR

OCR-2, REF RELAY OPERATION 42kV LA

STABILIZING
RESISTANCE

CT

REF RELAY IDMT OCR TO OHE

TO
BURRIED
RAIL
27
LV Side protection Transformer

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LV Side protection Transformer

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 Transformer Differential protection
Biased differential protection: Guidelines
(a) The percentage biased setting should be so chosen
that the relay remains inoperative on differential
currents resulting from
(1) tap changing of traction transformer,
(2) mismatch in CT ratios &
(3) difference in CT saturation levels under through
fault conditions.
Percentage mismatches resulting from factors
(1) and (2) may be calculated from actual data
and an allowance of 7.5 to 15% may be made
for factor (3). 30
 Transformer Differential protection
Biased differential protection: Guidelines
(b) The operating current setting may
be taken as 40%. If mal operations
of the relay are observed on through
faults and magnetizing inrush
(switching in of power transformer),
a higher setting may be considered.

31
Transformer Differential protection

• Bias setting - 20%

• Differential setting - 40%

32
Transformer Differential protection

Restraining
Coil Opt Coil

Differential
relay

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Transformer Protection

34
Transformer Protection

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 TRANSFORMER
PROTECTION

FEEDER
PROTECTION

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37
TRANSFORMER IN BUILT PROTECTION
1. Arcing horn gap
2. PRD / Diaphragm
3. Buchhloz relay----
--- Stage 1 - alarm
--- stage 2 - tripping
4. OTI ------
--- Stage 1 - alarm
--- stage 2 - tripping (85°c)
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TRANSFORMER IN BUILT PROTECTION
5. WTI ---------
--Stage 1 - Alarm
--Stage 2 - Tripping (95°C)
6. Low Oil Level Alarm

7. Tripping of CB’s (with OLTC, 21.6 MVA)

If Changing tap, On Load / CKT
8. Silica gel breather
9. Protection against Fire …
39
TRANSFORMER IN BUILT PROTECTION

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41
42
43
44
I
T
R
45
 Inter tripping of 132 kV and
25 kV Transformer CB
• Operation of the following relays result in
inter tripping of the transformer CBs on
primary as well as on the secondary sides.
• Differential relay.
• REF relay on HV or LV.
• Buchholz relay (Trip)
• WTI (trip)
• OTI (trip)
• PRD (trip)
46
 CIRCUIT BREAKER TRIP
CIRCUIT SUPERVISION SYSTEM
• The RELAY is having 2 separate digital opto-
coupler status input which can be used to
continuously monitor continuity of trip circuit.
• Relay monitor Trip coil continuity through CB
NO during close condition and through CB
NC during Open condition. If any
discontinuity observed it generate Alarm
signal. The output marked as TCF (Trip
Circuit Faulty) is become close.

47
Feeder Protection

48
As per RDSO specs TI/SP/PSI/PROTCT/5070.
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 Asida Relay ADR219A
• Protection Features:
• Digital Distance
• Instantaneous Over-Current Protection.
• PT Fuse Monitoring.
• Auto Re-closer Relay.
• Breaker Failure detection.
• In-built CB Trip Circuit monitoring during
close as well as open condition
• Switch On to Fault. (SOTF) 50
 Asida Relay ADR219A
• Protection Features:
• Password Protection for all setting
• Disturbance Recorder. 50 cycles of actual
waveform of voltage & current are
captured & saved in the built-in memory
with date time stamping, for analyzing fault
condition & fault location.
• • IEC standard open protocol.

51
52
 LBB - Feeder breaker back up
protection feature
• This feature monitors the status of
Feeder CB or magnitude of fault current
after issue of trip command to feeder
CB and issues a trip command for
LVCB’s after a lapse of set time delay,
if either Feeder CB fails to open or fault
current is not falling below the actuating
value. 53
RDSO DETAILS
INSTRUCTIONS

TI/IN/0016 Guidelines for parallel operation of

(05/08) Rev-0 traction Power transformer on IR
TI/IN/0017 Guidelines on protection scheme
(07/08) Rev-0 with parallel operation of 2x21.6
MVA Transformer on IR
TI/IN/0018 Application of existing panto flash
(02/09) Rev-0 over relay of TSS for single line
section

54
RDSO DETAILS
INSTRUCTIONS

TI/IN/0022 Setting guide lines for traction

(02/10) Rev-1 transformer & 25 kV shunt
capacitor bank protection relay
developed as per RDSO
specification no
TI/SPC/PSI/PROTCT/6070(9/08)
for 25 kV ac traction sub station
TI/IN/0024 For monitoring & analysis of
(06/10) Rev-0 feeder circuit Breaker Tripping for
25 kV ac Traction Systems.
55
RDSO DETAILS
INSTRUCTIONS

TI/IN/P&S/ Implementation of feeder circuit

0028 (12/10) breaker back up feature in different
Rev-0 makes/types of feeder protection
modules provided in C&R Panels as
per old RDSO spec no
ETI/PSI/65(1/97)
TI/IN/0029 Technical instructions on important
(04/11) aspects of relay settings of Vectorial
Rev-0 Delta-I relays as per RDSO spec no.
TI/SPC/PSI/PROTCT/1982 56
RDSO DETAILS
INSTRUCTIONS

Feeder TI/PSI/PROTCT/STATIC/07 dt.

protection
11/04/2007 &
RDSO REPORT TI 35(7/95)

57
20205 Overload Capacity of Traction Transformers
Traction transformers usually have the following overload capacity:
1. Overload rating : (a) 50% overload for 15 min. and (b) 100%
overload for a period of 5 min.: after the transformer has attained
steady temperature on continuous operation at full load.
2. Over an ambient temperature of 45 degree C the maximum
permissible temperature rise shall be as under:
(a) Winding = 50degree C (by resistance method)
23
(b) Oil = 40 degree C ( by thermometer)
(c ) Current carrying parts = 35 degree C ( BY THERMOMETER)
3. The hot-spot temperature after 50 % overload for 15 min, or
100% overload for 5 min. shall not exceed 100 degree C for an
ambient temperature of 45 degree C.
4. Interval of time permissible between two successive overloads (
after continuous working at maximum ambient temperature of 45
degree C is 3 hours for both 50% overload for 15 min. and 100%
overload for 5 min.
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Thank you
for
Attention
59