Exercise 8

Nama : Erry Wibisono
NIM : 241015200061
Mata Kuliah : English For Business
 Pronouns: These are words that we use to replace nouns. For example, instead of saying
"John likes apples," we can say "He likes apples." Here, "he" is a pronoun that replaces
"John."
 Possessive adjectives: These are words that show ownership. For example, in the
sentence "This is my book," "my" is a possessive adjective that shows that the book
belongs to the speaker.
For Example on the table:

1. I, you, he, she, it, we, they: These are subject pronouns, used as the subject of a
sentence.
2. Me, you, him, her, it, us, them: These are object pronouns, used as the object of a verb
or preposition.
3. Mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs: These are possessive pronouns, used to show
ownership without a noun following.
4. My, your, his, her, its, our, their: These are possessive adjectives, used to show
ownership before a noun.
Example
Pronouns:
 I love to read.
 You are a great friend.
Object Pronouns:
 I like him.
 She gave the book to you.
Possessive Adjectives:
 This is my book.
 That is your pen.
Possessive Pronouns:
 This book is mine.
 That pen is yours.
 Generic Nouns: When talking about a generic noun, you can use "he," "she," or "they" to
refer to it. However, using "they" is becoming more common, especially in formal writing,
to avoid assuming the gender of the person being referred to.
 Indefinite Pronouns: These pronouns refer to an unspecified person or thing.
Traditionally, "his" or "his or her" was used to refer to these pronouns. However, using
"their" is becoming more common in informal English.
When you're talking about a group of people or things in general (like "students"), you can use
words like "he," "she," or "they" to refer to them. But these days, it's becoming more common and
accepted to use "they" even when you're talking about just one person, especially if you don't
know their gender.
Also, when you use words like "everyone," "someone," or "nobody," you can use "his," "her," or
"their" to show possession. Again, using "their" is becoming more common, even though "his or
her" is still considered correct in formal writing.
Example
Generic Nouns:
 A student needs to study his or her lessons.
 A student needs to study their lessons.
Indefinite Pronouns
 Everyone should bring his or her own lunch.
 Everyone should bring their own lunch.
Singular or Plural: Collective nouns can be treated as either singular or plural, depending on how
you want to think about the group.
 Singular: If you want to emphasize the group as a whole, you use a singular pronoun (like
"it").
 Plural: If you want to focus on the individual members of the group, you use a plural
pronoun (like "they").
When you talk about a group of people or things, like a family or a team, you can use either a
singular word (like "it") or a plural word (like "they") to refer to the group. It depends on whether
you want to talk about the group as a whole or about the individual people or things in the group.
For example, you could say "My family is large. It is composed of nine members" if you want to
think of your family as one big unit. But you could also say "My family is loving and supportive.
They are always ready to help me" if you want to focus on the individual people in your family.
Example
Singular:
 The team is practicing hard for the game.
 The class is noisy today.
Plural:
 The team are arguing about the strategy.
 The class were all excited about the field trip.
Reflexive Pronouns: Reflexive pronouns are words that end in -self or -selves. They are used
when the subject and the object of a sentence refer to the same person or thing. In simpler terms,
they show that the action of a verb is directed back to the subject.
Examples of Reflexive Pronouns:

1. Myself
2. Yourself
3. Himself
4. Herself
5. Itself
6. Ourselves
7. Yourselves
8. themselves
For example:
1. "I saw myself in the mirror."
2. "I myself emailed the report to him."
The pronouns discussed are "one," "you," and "they."
 One: This pronoun is used to refer to any person in general. It is often used in formal
contexts.
o One should always be polite.
 You: In some contexts, "you" can be used to refer to people in general, especially in
informal situations. However, it's important to note that this usage can be considered less
formal than "one."
o How do you get to the library?
 They: This pronoun can also be used to refer to people in general, especially in informal
spoken English.
o They say that eating apples is good for you.
When you want to talk about people in general, you can use the words "one," "you," or "they."
 One: This is the most formal way to talk about people in general.
 You: You can use "you" in more casual situations, but it's not as formal as "one".
 They: You can use "they" in very informal situations to talk about people in general, but
it's not usually used in academic writing.
Singular & Plural:
 Singular:
o Another: Used to refer to one more thing that is di erent or additional. Example:
"I have one apple. Can I have another?
o The other: Used to refer to the remaining one of two things. Example: "I have two
books. One is a novel, and the other is a textbook.
 Plural:
o Others: Used to refer to several more things that are di erent or additional.
Example: "Some students like math, while others prefer science.
o The others: Used to refer to the rest or the last ones in a group. Example: "I have
five apples. I ate three. The others are still in the fridge.
Summary:
Another: means "one more" or "a di erent one".
Other: means "di erent" or "others".
The other: means "the remaining one" or "the rest".
Example
Singular:
 Another: I have one pen. Can I borrow another one?
 The other: I have two shoes. One is black, and the other is brown.
Plural:
 Others: Some people like co ee, while others prefer tea.
 The others: I have five books. I've read two. The others are still on my shelf.
Common Expressions with Other

a. Mike and I write to each other every week. We write to one another every week.
 Meaning: This means that Mike writes to me, and I write to him. The phrases "each
other" and "one another" show a two-way relationship.
b. Please write on every other line.
 Meaning: This means that you should skip a line between each line you write on.
For example, write on the first line, then skip the second line, and then write on
the third line.
c. Have you seen Ali recently? Yes, I saw him just the other day.
 Meaning: "The other day" means a few days ago, not long ago. So, the person is
saying that they saw Ali recently, maybe a couple of days before.
d. The ducklings walked in a line behind the mother duck. Then the mother duck slipped
into the pond. The ducklings followed her. They slipped into the water one after the
other.
e. They slipped into the water one after another. 1
 Meaning: Both sentences mean that the ducklings jumped into the water one by
one, immediately following each other.
f. No one knows my secret other than Rosa.
g. No one knows my secret except (for) Rosa.
 Meaning: Both sentences mean that only Rosa knows the speaker's secret. "Other
than" and "except" have the same meaning in this context.
h. Fruit and vegetables are full of vitamins and minerals.
 Meaning: "In other words" is used to explain something in a simpler way. So, the
sentence means that because fruits and vegetables have vitamins and minerals,
they are good for your health.
Summary:
 Each other and one another: These are used to show that two or more people do
something to each other.
 Every other: Means to skip one thing and then do the next.
 The other day: Means a few days ago.
 One after another: Means one thing happens immediately after another.
 Other than: Means except for.
 In other words: Means in simpler terms.

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Nama : Erry Wibisono

For Example on the table:

Examples of Reﬂexive Pronouns:

Common Expressions with Other

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