International Standard 6983 / 1

INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION.MEWlYHAPOAHAR OPTAHbl3ALWlR n0 CTAH~APTbl3AL&lkl~ORGANlSATlON INTERNATIONALE DE NORMALlSATlON

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Numerital control of machines - Program format and
definition of address words -
Part 1 : Data format for positioning, line motion and
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First edition - 1982-09-15

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UDC 681.323 : 621.9-52 Ref. No. ISO 6983/1-1982 (EI

Descriptors : data processing, numerical controi, data layout, block format, data block, control procedures, control characters, coded Character
\ Sets.
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is Price based on 14 pages

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Foreword
ISO (the’lnternational Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of
national Standards institutes (ISO member bedies). The work of developing lnter-
national Standards is carried out through ISO technical committees. Every member
body interested# 1a subject for which a technical committee has been set up has the
right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental
and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
or
Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are c irculated to
themember bod’ies for approval before their acceptance as International Standards by
the ISO Council.

International Standard ISO 6983/1 was developed by Technical Committee

ISO/TC 97, Computers and information processing, and was c irculated to the member
bodies in May 1980.
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lt has been approved by the member bodies of the following countries :
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Australia Germany, F. R. Spain

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Belgium Italy Sweden

Cuba Netherlands United Kingdom
Czechoslovakia Poland USA
Finland Romania USSR
France South Africa, Rep. of

The member body of the following country expressed disapproval of the document on
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technical grounds :

Japan

@ International Organkation for Standardkation, 1982 0

Printed in Switzerland

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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 6983/1-1982 (El

Numerital control of machines - Program format and

definition of address words -
Part 1 : Data format for positioning line motion and
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contouring control Systems

0 Introduction c) to introduce format Standards for new functions, not

covered by the previous International Standards;
A word address program format is described in this lnterna-
tional Standard for machine control programs on perforated d) to reduce the differente in programming between dif-
ferent machine/control units;
or
tape, magnetic media, or provided from a remote data Source.
The Standards cover variable block format only and are not in-
tended to specify machine design. e) to provide guidelines for achieving program inter-
changeability between machines of similar capacity;
0.1 This International Standard will replace :
f) to include the preparatory and miscellaneous Codes.
a) ISO 840, Numerital control of machines - 7-bit coded
This International Standard will consist of several Parts; for the
Character set.
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moment there are two Parts : part 1, the details of data format,
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and part 2, the preparatory and miscellaneous Codes.
b) ISO 1056, Numerital control of machines - Punched
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tape formats - Coding of preparatory functions G and

miscelaneous functions M
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4 Scope and field of application

c) ISO 1057, Numerital con trol of machines - lnter-
changeable punched tape variable block format for position- This part of ISO 6983 specifies requirements and makes recom-
ing and straight-tut machining. mendations for a data format for positioning, line motion and
contouring control Systems used in the numerical control of
d) ISO 1058, Numerital control of machines - Punched machines. This International Standard helps the Co-Ordination
tape variable block for positioning and straight-tut machin- of System design in Order to minimize the variety of program
ing.
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manuscripts required, to promote uniformity of programming
techniques, and to foster interchangeability of input programs
e) ISO 1059, Numerital control of machines - Punched between numerically controlled machines of the same
tape fixed block format for positioning and straight-tut classification by type, process, function, size and accuracy. lt is
machining. intended that simple numerically controlled machines be pro-
grammed using a simple format, which is systematically exten-
f 1 ISO 2539, Numerital control of machines - Punched sible for more complex machines.
tape variable block forma t con touring and con touring posi-
tioning. This International Standard is not intended for use in special-
ized case of numerically controlled flame cutting machines
0.2 Compliance with this International Standard does not and drafting machines used specifically and exclusively in the
guarantee interchangeability of machine programs between shipbuilding industry. In this specialized application a related
machines. Annex D details some of the additional considera- format, the “ESSI Format”, is specified in ISO 6592.
tions necessary to ensure this interchangeability.

The purpose of this revision of International Standards is : v

2 References
a) to consolidate the previous format Standards into one
International Standard for positioning, line motion and con- This part of ISO 6983 requires, and is based upon, confor-
touring Systems; mance to the International Standards cited below, with the fur-
ther requirements that Character coding shall be selected to
b) to remove outmoded provisions of the previous Interna- provide even parity and the characters used shall be limited to
tional Standards, where feasible; those identified in annex A of this part of ISO 6933.

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ISO 6983/1-1982 (El

ISO 646, 7-bit coded Character set for information processing 3.6 Where it is necessary to identify a machine program, this
in terchange. 1) identification should be placed immediately after the program
Start Character and before the first “end of block” Character. If
ISO 841, Numerital control of machines - Axis and motion the identification contains alpha characters, the entire iden-
nomenclature. tification should be enclosed within parentheses. If the pro-
gram number is greater than the System tan store or display,
ISO 2806, Numerital control of machines - Vocabulary. the least significant digits shall be displayed.

ISO 698W2, Numerital control of machines - Program format 3.7 lt is recommended that the alignment code should be
and definition of address words - Part 2 : Coding and used at all positions in the program at which it is permissible to
main tenance of preparatory functions G and universal Start the machine sequence. When used, this code shall be as
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miscellaneous functions M. 2) defined in 5.3.1 .l.

When punched tape is used, the following International Stan- Th e alignment function Character ’7’ may be used as an in-
dards are also used : ter tmediate rewi nd stop Character.

ISO 1154, Information processing - Punched Paper tape -

3.8 The “/” (slash) Character shall be used to provide an “op-
Dimensions and location of feed holes and Codes holes.
tional block skip” function validated at the Option of the
Operator. When used, this Character shall immediately precede
ISO 1729, Information processing - Unpunched Paper tape -
the “sequence number” word.
Specifica tion.

ISO 6582, Shipbuilding - Numerital control of machines - 3.9 A general classification of the format shall be used to
or
ESSI forma t.2) detail the capabilities of a System and machine configuration.
This is called the general format classification and is defined in
annex B.

3 Program format 3.10 A classification of the data in a block shall be used to

specify the programming detail for a System and machine con-
3.1 The machine program shall be in blocks of data, which figuration. This is called the detailed format classification and is
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are sets of commands to the control System. A block shall con- described in annex C.
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sist of a number of words each of which is a specific instruction
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to the control System. 3.11 Either metric or inch units of length shall be used.
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3.2 A Character designated “end of block” shall terminate 3.11.1 When a System has the ability to use machine pro-
every block of data and in addition shall precede the first block grams which have been prepared in either System of measure-
of data. ment, preparatory Codes shall be used to signify whether the
coded data is in metric or inch values.

3.3 A “program Start” Character shall precede all control data

3.11.2 The mode of the control shall be selected by one of the
including “end of block”. lt is recommended that it should be
following G Codes :
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used as an “absolute rewind stop” Character.

- G70 inch data input;

3.4 All alphabetic, numeric and special characters shall con-
form to annex A. Those characters required for reproducing a - G71 metric data input.
hard copy of the machine program, listed in annex A as “non-
printing characters” shall be ignored by the control equipment,
with the exeception of the LF/NL (end of block) Character. 4 Format make-up

4.1 A block of data shall consist of the following :

3.5 If there is any group of characters that is not to be pro-
cessed in accordance with this part of ISO 6983, this group
shall be within parenthesis characters.
a) the sequence number word;

b) the data words.

Any such group shall not contain either : “:” or “%”
characters.
4.1.1 Tab characters, which are optional for the tabulation of
This group may be processed for display purposes, for example a printed copy of the data, may be inserted between the words
as instructions to an Operator. but shall be ignored by the control System.

1) See annex A.
2) At present at the Stage of draft.

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 ISO 6983/1-1982 (El

4.2 The data words shall be presented in the following se- The procedure for recognition of explicit decimal sign format
quence and shall be not repeated within one block. However, shall be defined in t he detailed format classification, an nex C.
existing control Systems may permit the repetition of non-
dimensional words but it is recommended for maximum 5.1.5 In Order to reduce the amount of data with the implicit
machine program interchangeability that this facility should not decimal sign format, either leading Zeros only, or trailing Zeros
be used. only, shall be omitted.

a) the preparatory word;

NOTE - It is recommended that leading Zeros should be omitted.

b) the “dimension” words. These words shall be arranged

Zero omission shall be specified in the detailed formst
in the following sequence : X, Y, 2, U, V, W, P, Q, R, A, B,
classification (see C.2.1).
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c;
With explicit decimal sign format both leading Zeros before the
Cl “the interpolation or thread cutting lead words” 1, J and
decimal sign and trailing Zeros after the decimal sign may be
K. These words applying only to a specific group of axes
omitted. For example XI030 represents a dimension of
shall immediately follow that group. The words shall con-
1 030 m m in the X-axis. X.03 represents a dimension of
form in detail to Paragraphs 6 or 10;
0,03 m m in the X-axis.

d) the “feed function” word or words. The feed function

In ei ther decimal format, a dimension containing only Zeros
word applying to one or more of several axes shall follow
shall be expressed by at least one Zero.
the last dimension word to which it applies and immediately
follow the applicable interpolation Parameter words. The
word shall conform in detail to 5.3.3; 5.2 Dimension words
or
e) the “spindle Speed function” word;
5.2.1 lt shall be possible to use both absolute dimension
words and incremental (relative) dimension words. The mode
fl the “tool function” word or words;
of the control shall be seiected by one of the foilowing G
Codes :
9) the “miscellaneous function” word.

- G90 absolute dimension;

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4.3 Words may be omitted in a specific block of data. This

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should be understood as meaning that there is no Change in the - G91 incremental dimension.
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condition of the machine with respect to the function denoted

by the omitted word. Therefore, the “end of block” Character
5.2.2 All li near dimensions shall be ex .pressed in millimetres or
may be used after any complete word. Instructions that are in-
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inches and decimal fractions thereof.

herently executed in a Single block shall be repeated whenever
necessa ry .
5.2.3 Angular dimensions shall be expressed either in degrees
and decimal Parts thereof, or in decimal Parts of a revolution.

5 Words NOTE - The use of degrees and decimal Parts of a degree, is recom-
mended for the expression of all angular dimensions.
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5.1 All words
5.2.4 The algebraic sign (+ or - ) is part of the dimension
word, and shall follow the address Character and shall precede
5.1.1 The address Character shall be the first in the word and
the numerical Character. If the sign is omitted, a plus ( + ) sign
it shall be followed by an algebraic sign, if required, and then by
shall be assumed. The control System shall use the negative
digital data.
sign for a negative absolute dimension word and for a negative
direction movement with an incremental word.
5.1.2 The address Character shall be in accordance with an-
nex A.
5.2.5 The resolution of the linear and angular dimensions
used in the program shall be defined by the detailed format
5.1.3 The implicit Position of the decimal sign shall be defined classification (see annex C).
by the detailed format classification, see annex C. All control
Systems shall accept implicit decimal sign programming.
5.3 Non-dimensional words
5.1.4 Optionally also, the decimal sign Character may be
recognized. 5.3.1 Sequence number

Implicit deci mal sign and explicit decim al sign format shall not The number of digits shall be specified by the detailed format
be mixed in anY machine program. classification, see annex C. If sequence number word in a
machine program contains more digits than are specified by a
In the explicit decimal sign fo lrmat mode, words from which the particular control equipment, the least significant digits shall be
decimal sign is missing shall be in terpreted as whole numbers. displayed.

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ISO 6983/1-1982 (E)

5.3.1.1 lt is recommended that at all positions in the program taneously with the p rincipa axes shall use the E ter as
at which it is permissible to Start a machine sequence, the align- address for the feed word.
ment code should replace the sequence number address
Character. 5.3.3.7 As an alternative to the recommended practice, the
feed function may consist of a two (2) digit code with increas-
5.3.2 Preparatory function ing arbitrary values of feed rate represented by increasing code
number.
lt shall be expressed by a coded number. For designation see
part 2 of ISO 6983. 5.3.4 Spindle function
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5.3.3 Feed f unction The number of digits shall be designated by the detailed format
classification (see an nex CL
The num ber of digits shall be designated by the detailed format
classif ica tion (see an nex CL Where necessary, selection of the type of spindle Speed func-
tion shall be made by the following preparatory (G) Codes,
Selection of the type of feed function associated with 5.3.3.1 to detailed in part 2 of ISO 6983.
5.3.3.4 shall be by the following preparatory (G) Codes, detail-
- G96 Constant surface Speed;
ed in part 2 of ISO 6983.

- G93 Inverse time; - G97 RPM.

- G94 Feed per minute; 5.3.4.1 lt is recommended that when the digits represent
or
RPM they shall represent directly the spindle rotation in revolu-
- G95 Feed per revolution. tions per minute.

5.3.3.1 lt is recommended that when the feed is independent 5.3.4.2 When the digits represent surface Speed (see ll.l),
of spindle Speed, the digits should represent directly the vec- the digits shall represent metres per minute or feet per minute.
torial motion in millimetres per minute or inches per minute.
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5.3.4.3 As an alternative to the recommended practice, the

5.3.3.2 lt is recommended that when the feed is dependent spindle function may consist of a two (2) digit Code, with in-
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on spindle Speed, the digits should represent directly the vec- creasing arbitrary values of spindle Speed represented by in-
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torial motion in millimetres per revolution or inches per revolu- creasing code number.
tion.
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5.3.5 Tool function

5.3.3.3 lt is recommended that when the feed is applied to a
rotary motion only, the digits should represent directly the vec- The T word shall be used for tool selection and optionally the
torial motion in degrees per minute. same word may select the tool compensation-offset. When
tool compensation-offset is selected by a different word, the D
5.3.3.4 When simultaneous interpolation in both linear and word is recommended. The T word, and the D word if used,
rotary axes are possible, independent of spindle Speed, the rate shall be designated by the detailed format classification (see an-
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of vectorial motion may be expressed as a feed command. This nex CL
feed command shall be the reciprocal of time in minutes to ex-
ecute the block and is equivalent to the vector velocity (ex- 5.3.6 Miscellaneous function
pressed in millimetres or inches per minute) divided by the vec-
tor distance of the tool path (expressed in millimetres or lt shall be expressed by a coded number. For designation see
inches). part 2 of ISO 6983.

If this facility req uires a c hange in the detailed format classifica-

tion, the revised F word format should be specified.
6 Programming methods for interpolation
5.3.3.5 lt is recommended that preparatory code GOO should
be used for rapid positioning (see part 2 of this International 6.1 Principles
Standard).
Interpolation is performed over a pre-determined Portion of a
As an alternative, if the F word is used for traverse, the code given curve. The Portion interpolated is called a “span” and
shall be specified in the detailed format cl,assification and it shall may be covered by one or more blocks of information.
be defined as modal or non-modal.
Data necessary to define a “span” shall obey one or more of
the following principles.
5.3.3.6 For any combination of interdependent axes which
tan be moved simultaneously or sequentially with the principal
axes, the F Character shall be used as address for the feed 6.1.1 An appropriate G-Code shall be used to define the func-
word. An independent axis which tan be moved simul- tional nature of the curve, i.e. linear, circular, or parabolic.

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