Project Report

On

JKKNIU Formal Dress

Rental System

1
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

In the accomplishment of this project successfully, many people have

best owned upon me their blessings and the heart pledge support,
this time I am utilizing to thank all the people who have been
concerned with this project.

I am highly indebted to our honorable supervisor Habiba Sultana for

her guidance and constant supervision as well as for providing
necessary information regarding the project & also for their support in
completing the project. I am extremely thankful to him for providing
such a nice support and guidance, although he had busy schedule
managing the corporate affairs.

I would like to express my gratitude towards my parents & member of

Department of Computer Science and Engineering for their kind co-
operation and encouragement which helped me in completion of this
project.

I am thankful to and fortunate enough to get constant

encouragement, support and guidance from all Teaching staffs of
which helped us in successfully completing our project work.

Shariful Islam Dr. Habiba Sultana

Roll:19102036

Rayhan Mahmud Kabir Sanzid ----------------------

Roll:19102011 Date:28-10-24

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 ABSTRACT

“Online Cloth Rental System” is a web based application which helps

to investigate and relate different functional operation and technical
requirement of a dedicated cloth rental stores. The introduction of
numerous clothing rental platforms in recent years has made the
clothes rental model widely used. This essay argues the need for a
clothes rental model amid the sharing economy's boom based on the
assumption that the sharing economy is rapidly developing. The main
of this web applications is to provide a platform for users and rental
cloths owners in an effective and efficient manner.

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 INDEX

S. N CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION

2. ANALYSIS

2.1 SYSTEM ANALYSIS

2.2 SYSTEM SPECIFICATIONS

3. DESIGN APPROACH

3.1 INTRODUCTION TO DESIGN

3.2 UML DIAGRAMS

3.3 DATA FLOW DIAGRAMS

3.4 E-R DIAGRAMS

4. PROJECT MODULES

5. IMPLEMENTATION

6. CONCEPTS AND TECHNIQUES

7. TESTING

8. TEST CASES

9. OUTPUT SCREENS

10. CONCLUSION

11. FUTURE ENHANCEMENTS

12. References

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5
 INTRODUCTION

The growing popularity of online clothing rentals is fueled by the desire to

keep up with the latest trends. Buyers all over the world know the product.
Customers now prefer the purchase of online clothing due to easy access and
the availability of great options at a low price, due to the increase in internet
penetration. This also exacerbates the global demand for online rental
clothing. The online clothing rental market is expected to grow due to
lifestyle changes and popularity of party dresses, designer dresses, and
dinner suits. Product rental will be considered the most sustainable way to
use clothing today, as industries use sustainability as their key business plan
to attract more customers. Even according to research, every year, more than
350,000 tons of old clothes are discarded and about 30% of clothing is not
worn at least once a year. Excessive use and indiscriminate disposal of
unwanted clothing has become a global problem - and many of these items
are discarded without purpose. This, in turn, demonstrates the potential for
profit for players in the global clothing rental market, which helps to reduce
carbon emissions while also extending the life of clothing. Wearing rented
clothing can reduce carbon emissions and other toxic substances, which can
benefit the environment and natural resources. Additionally, clothing
manufacturers can improve their social performance standards by combining
clothing hire in their business with sustainable strategies.

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 OBJECTIVE
The Online Rental Cloth System is mainly useful for who haven‟t time or
short of budget for formal dress for viva or others official work .

Even it is night or morning they entered into this site, and chosen different
kinds of dresses from different brand with small wages.

„Customer is our god‟ mainly this website is based on this formula. After
chosen attire he bought into Pay pal process like (future plan: VISA or
MASTER credit cards or any Debit cards) are accepted in this website.
Customer is happily shopping at his rest place.

PROJECT OVERVIEW

Once customer entered with his own username and password, at that time
automatically one shopping cart will be created, once user select a dress it
will add to cart. In case user thinks the selected dress is not useful for me,
then deleted that dress from shopping cart.

Customer selected some dress, but in his credit or debit cart haven‟t that
much balance, then he was logout from the website, the selected dresses are
stored at cart.

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8
 SYSTEM ANALYSIS

1. Existing System

Existing system is a manual one in which users are maintaining dresses to

store the information like dresses details, purchases, sales details and
accounts for every month. It is very difficult to maintain historical data.

2.Disadvantages:

The following are the disadvantages of the existing system

 It is difficult to maintain important information of dresses.
 More manual hours need to generate required reports.
 It is tedious to manage historical data which needs much space to keep
all the previous years‟ ledgers, dresses etc.
 Daily sales and purchases details must be entered into dresses are very
difficult to maintain.
3. Objective of the System

The objective of the “Online Cloth Rental System” is to provide better

information for the users of this system for better results for their
maintenance in the product details that is sales, purchases and stock.

System Specifications
Hardware Requirements:-

 Dual Core(Processor).
 256 MB Ram
 512 KB Cache Memory
 Hard disk 10 GB

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 Microsoft Compatible 101 or more Key Board
Software Requirements: -

Technology Implemented : Apache Server

Language Used : PHP 5.62 (Developed in Core PHP)

Database : My SQL

User Interface Design : HTML, AJAX,JQUERY,JAVASCRIPT

Web Browser : Mozilla, Google Chrome, IE8,OPERA

Software : XAMPP Server

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11
 INTRODUCTION

“JKKNIU online cloth rental system” is web based application which allow
users to rent their dresses online. Admin will add dresses and customer rent
these dresses online. This web application is a interface between customer
and owner of the dress store.

Design is the first step in the development phase for any techniques and
principles for the purpose of defining a device, a process or system in
sufficient detail to permit its physical realization.

Once the software requirements have been analyzed and specified the
software design involves three technical activities - design, coding,
implementation and testing that are required to build and verify the software.

The design activities are of main importance in this phase, because in this
activity, decisions ultimately affecting the success of the software
implementation and its ease of maintenance are made. These decisions have
the final bearing upon reliability and maintainability of the system. Design is
the only way to accurately translate the customer‟s requirements into
finished software or a system.

Design is the place where quality is fostered in development. Software

design is a process through which requirements are translated into a
representation of software. Software design is conducted in two steps.

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Preliminary design is concerned with the transformation of requirements into
data.

UML Diagrams:
Actor:
A coherent set of roles that users of use cases play when interacting with the
use `cases.

Use case:
A description of sequence of actions, including variants, that a system
performs that yields an observable result of value of an actor.

UML stands for Unified Modeling Language. UML is a language for

specifying, visualizing and documenting the system. This is the step while
developing any product after analysis. The goal from this is to produce a
model of the entities involved in the project which later need to be built. The
representation of the entities that are to be used in the product being
developed need to be designed.
There are various kinds of methods in software design:
They are as follows:

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  Use case Diagram
 Sequence Diagram
 Collaboration Diagram
 Activity Diagram
 State chat Diagram

USECASE DIAGRAMS:

Use case diagrams model behavior within a system and helps the developers
understand of what the user require. The stick man represents what‟s called
an actor.
Use case diagram can be useful for getting an overall view of the system and
clarifying who can do and more importantly what they can‟t do.
Use case diagram consists of use cases and actors and shows the interaction
between the use case and actors.

 The purpose is to show the interactions between the use case and
actor.
 To represent the system requirements from user‟s perspective.
 An actor could be the end-user of the system or an external system.

USECASE DIAGRAM:
A Use case is a description of set of sequence of actions. Graphically it is
rendered as an ellipse with solid line including only its name. Use case
diagram is a behavioral diagram that shows a set of use cases and actors and
their relationship. It is an association between the use cases and actors. An

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actor represents a real-world object. Primary Actor – Sender, Secondary
Actor Receiver.

Use Case Diagram of User side

Visit Website

Sign Up

Sign In

Home Page

View about
us/contacts

View Dresses

Order Dresses

View Order
History

Add to cart

Add to Wishlist

Update Profile

Change
Password
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Use Case Diagram of admin
Login
Admin

Dashboard

Manage Dresses

Manage Category

Manage Sub
Category

Manage Order

View Reg
Users

Generate
Reports

Manage
Website

Update Profile

Search Order

Change Profile

16 Password
Recovery
17
18
COLLABORATION DIAGRAM:

A collaboration diagram is an introduction diagram that emphasizes

the structural organization of the objects that send and receive messages.
Graphically a collaboration diagram is a collection of vertices and arcs.

Collaboration Diagram

2.Authintication

System Database
User Register

4.Checking

3.Buying

5.Valid User

Buying Products 1.Registration

Main Page

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CLASS DIAGRAM

Class is nothing but a structure that contains both variables and methods.
The Class Diagram shows a set of classes, interfaces, and collaborations and
their relating ships. There is most common diagram in modeling the object
oriented systems and are used to give the static view of a system. It shows
the dependency between the classes that can be used in our system.
The interactions between the modules or classes of our projects are shown
below. Each block contains Class Name, Variables and Methods.

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21
DATA FLOW DIAGRAMS

The DFD takes an input-process-output view of a system i.e. data objects

flow into the software, are transformed by processing elements, and resultant
data objects flow out of the software.

Data objects represented by labeled arrows and transformation are

represented by circles also called as bubbles. DFD is presented in a
hierarchical fashion i.e., the first data flow model represents the system as a
whole. Subsequent DFD refine the context diagram (level 0 DFD), providing
increasing details with each subsequent level.

The DFD enables the software engineer to develop models of the

information domain & functional domain at the same time. As the DFD is
refined into greater levels of details, the analyst performs an implicit
functional decomposition of the system. At the same time, the DFD
refinement results in a corresponding refinement of the data as it moves
through the process that embody the applications.

A context-level DFD for the system the primary external entities produce
information for use by the system and consume information generated by the
system. The labeled arrow represents data objects or object hierarchy.

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RULES FOR DFD:

 Fix the scope of the system by means of context diagrams.

 Organize the DFD so that the main sequence of the actions

 Reads left to right and top to bottom.

 Identify all inputs and outputs.

 Identify and label each process internal to the system with

Rounded circles.

 A process is required for all the data transformation and Transfers.

Therefore, never connect a data store to a data Source or the
destinations or another data store with just a Data flow arrow.

 Do not indicate hardware and ignore control information.

 Make sure the names of the processes accurately convey

everything the process is done.

 There must not be unnamed process.

 Indicate external sources and destinations of the data, with

Squares.

 Number each occurrence of repeated external entities.

 Identify all data flows for each process step, except simple Record
retrievals.

 Label data flow on each arrow.

 Use details flow on each arrow.

 Use the details flow arrow to indicate data movements.

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DATAFLOW DIAGRAMS:

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E-R Diagrams:

The Entity-Relationship (ER) model was originally proposed by Peter in

1976 [Chen76] as a way to unify the network and relational database views.
Simply stated the ER model is a conceptual data model that views the real
world as entities and relationships. A basic component of the model is the
Entity-Relationship diagram which is used to visually represent data objects.
Since Chen wrote his paper the model has been extended and today it is
commonly used for database design for the database designer, the utility of
the ER model is:

 it maps well to the relational model. The constructs used in the ER

model can easily be transformed into relational tables.
 it is simple and easy to understand with a minimum of training.
Therefore, the model can be used by the database designer to
communicate the design to the end user.
 In addition, the model can be used as a design plan by the database
developer to implement a data model in a specific database
management software.

Connectivity and Cardinality

The basic types of connectivity for relations are: one-to-one, one-to-many,

and many-to-many. A one-to-one (1:1) relationship is when at most one
instance of a entity A is associated with one instance of entity B. For
example, "employees in the company are each assigned their own office. For
each employee there exists a unique office and for each office there exists a
unique employee.

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A one-to-many (1:N) relationships is when for one instance of entity A, there
are zero, one, or many instances of entity B, but for one instance of entity B,
there is only one instance of entity A. An example of a 1:N relationships is

a department has many employees

each employee is assigned to one department

A many-to-many (M:N) relationship, sometimes called non-specific, is when

for one instance of entity A, there are zero, one, or many instances of entity
B and for one instance of entity B there are zero, one, or many instances of
entity A. The connectivity of a relationship describes the mapping of
associated

ER Notation

There is no standard for representing data objects in ER diagrams. Each

modeling methodology uses its own notation. The original notation used by
Chen is widely used in academics texts and journals but rarely seen in either
CASE tools or publications by non-academics. Today, there are a number of
notations used, among the more common are Bachman, crow's foot, and
IDEFIX.

All notational styles represent entities as rectangular boxes and relationships

as lines connecting boxes. Each style uses a special set of symbols to
represent the cardinality of a connection. The notation used in this document
is from Martin. The symbols used for the basic ER constructs are:

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 entities are represented by labeled rectangles. The label is the name of

the entity. Entity names should be singular nouns.

 relationships are represented by a solid line connecting two entities.

The name of the relationship is written above the line. Relationship

names should be verbs

 attributes, when included, are listed inside the entity rectangle.

Attributes which are identifiers are underlined. Attribute names

should be singular nouns.

 cardinality of many is represented by a line ending in a crow's foot. If

the crow's foot is omitted, the cardinality is one.

 existence is represented by placing a circle or a perpendicular bar on

the line. Mandatory existence is shown by the bar (looks like a 1) next

to the entity for an instance is required. Optional existence is shown

by placing a circle next to the entity that is optional

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ER DIAGRAM

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MySQL Data Tables

Admin Table :(Table name is tbladmin)

This table store admin personal and login details.

Address Table :(Table name is addresses)

This table store billing and shipping address of users.

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Category Table :(Table name is category)
This table store the category of dresses.

Subcategory Table :(Table name is subcategory)

This table store the subcategory of dresses.

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Orders Table :(Table name is orders)
This table store the orders of users.

Orders Details Table :(Table name is ordersdetails)

This table store the orders details of users.

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Orders Tracking Table :(Table name is ordertrackhistory)
This table store the data of order tracking history.

Dresses Table :(Table name is tblrentalcloth)

This table store the data of dresses.

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User Table:(Table name is users)
This table store the data of registered users.

tblpage Table:(Table name is tblpage)

This table store the details of website.

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Wishlist Table: (Table name is wishlist)
This table store the wish listed dresses of users.

Cart Table: (Table name is cart)

This table store the cart product which is added by users.

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Contact Table: (Table name is tblcontact)
This table store the enquiry which is asked by users.

Reviews Table: (Table name is tblreview)

This table store the reviews of dresses which is given by users.

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Subscriber Table: (Table name is tblsubscriber)
This table store the emails details of subscriber.

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40
 PROJECT MODULES

MODULES : This project contains two modules, those are

 Admin
 User

MODULES DESCRIPTION:

Admin Modules
This module provides administrator-related functionalities. The
administrator manages the entire application.
Dashboard: In this section, admin can briefly view the total orders, total
new orders , total packed orders , total dispatched orders , total in transit
orders, total out for delivery orders, total delivered, total cancelled, total
return dresses and total registered users.

Category: In this section, admin can manage category of dresses

(add/update/delete).

Subcategory: In this section, admin can manage subcategory of dresses

(add/update/delete).

Rental Clothes: In this section, admin can manage dresses

(add/update/delete).

About us: In this section, admin can update about us of webpage.

Contact us: In this section, admin can update contact us of webpage.

Orders: In this section, admin can view the order details and they have also
the right to change order status according to current status.

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Reviews: In this section, admin manage the reviews which is given by users.

Enquiry: In this section, admin can manage the enquiry which is asked by
users.

Search Order: In this section, admin can search particular order with the
help of the order number.

Reports: In this section admin can view order details and sales reports
according to dates.

Registered Users: In this section, admin can view registered users.

Subscribers: In this section, admin can view the emails details which is
subscribed by uers.

Admin can also update his profile, change the password and recover the
password.

User Module
Home Page: In this section, users can view which dresses is available on the
website

My Accounts: In this section, users can his/her password, view and update
his/her profile and log out from accounts.

My orders: In this section, users can view order history after login.

Cart: In this section, the user can add the dresses which he/she want to
order.

Wishlist: In this section, the user can add dresses to the Wishlist.

Reviews: User can give reviews on the dresses which is rented by them.

The user has also a facility to download his/her invoice and cancel orders if
he/she wants to cancel.

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Brief Information about the Homepage

On this page guest users (users who are not registered) can view the dresses,
subscribe and sent enquiry. Guest users can also sign up and the registered
users can sign in.

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 FUNCTIONS

Functions are bet declared between the <Head> tag of HTML page.
Functions are called by user-initiated events. Seems reasonable to keep the
functions between the <Head> tags. They are loaded first before a user can
do anything that might call a function. Scripts can be placed between inside
comment fields to ensure that older browser do not display the script itself.

<html>
<head>
<script language=”JavaScript”>
function pushbutton (){
alert (“Hello!”);
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<form>
<input type=”button” name=”Button1” value=”push me”
onclick=”pushbutton ()”>
</form>
</body>
</html>

If we want to test this one immediately and you are using a Java Script
enabled browser then please go ahead and push the button.

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This script will create a button and when you press it a window will pop up
saying “hello!”. In fact we have a lot of possibilities just by adding
functions to our scripts.
The common browsers transmit the form information by either method:
here‟s the complete tag including the GET transmission method attribute for
the previous form

Example

<Form method =GET action=http://phpgurukul.com/>

………
</form>

Input elements.

Use the <input> tag to define any one of a number of common form
elements including text fields multiple choice lists click able images and
submission buttons. There are many attributers for this tag only that types
and name attributes are required for each element, each type of input
element uses only a subset of the followed attributes. Additional <input>
attributes may be required based upon which type of the form element you
specify.

Submit button:

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The submit button (<input type=submit> ) does what its name implies,
settings in motion the form‟s submission to the server from the browser. We
many have more than submit buttons will be added to the parameter list the
browser sends along to the server.

Example
< Input type =”submit”>
<Input type=”submit” value=”submit” name=”name”>

Reset button:

The reset button if firm <input> button is nearly self- explanatory; it lets the
user reset erase or set to some default value all elements in the form. By
default the browser displays a reset button worth the label “reset”. We can
change that by specifying a value attribute with tour own button label.

Coding Pattern of Project(login.php):

<?php
session_start();
//error_reporting(0);
include("includes/config.php");
if(isset($_POST['submit']))
{
$username=$_POST['username'];
$password=md5($_POST['inputPassword']);
$ret=mysqli_query($con,"SELECT id FROM tbladmin WHERE
username='$username' and password='$password'");
$num=mysqli_fetch_array($ret);

46
if($num>0)
{
$_SESSION['alogin']=$_POST['username'];
$_SESSION['aid']=$num['id'];
header("location:dashboard.php");
}else{
echo "<script>alert('Invalid username or password');</script>";
header("location:index.php");
}
}
?>

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>

<title>Online Cloth Rental System | Admin Login</title>

<link href="css/styles.css" rel="stylesheet" />
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/font-
awesome/5.15.3/js/all.min.js" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
</head>
<body class="bg-primary">
<div id="layoutAuthentication">
<div id="layoutAuthentication_content">
<main>
<div class="container">
<div class="row justify-content-center">
<div class="col-lg-5">
<div class="card shadow-lg border-0 rounded-lg mt-5">
<div class="card-header"><h3 class="text-center
font-weight-light my-4">OCRS | Admin Login</h3></div>
<div class="card-body">
<form method="post">
<div class="form-floating mb-3">
<input class="form-control" id="username"
name="username" type="text" placeholder="Username" required />
<label for="username">Username</label>
</div>
<div class="form-floating mb-3">

47
 <input class="form-control"
id="inputPassword" name="inputPassword" type="password"
placeholder="Password" required />
<label
for="inputPassword">Password</label>
</div>

<div class="d-flex align-items-center justify-

content-between mt-4 mb-0">
<a class="small" href="password-
recovery.php">Forgot Password?</a>
<button type="submit" name="submit"
class="btn btn-primary">Login</button>
</div>
</form>
</div>
<div class="card-footer text-center py-3">
<div class="small"><a href="../index.php">Back to
Home Page</a></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</main>
</div>
<div id="layoutAuthentication_footer">
<?php include_once('includes/footer.php');?>
</div>
</div>
<script src="js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script>
<script src="js/scripts.js"></script>
</body>
</html>

48
 OVERVIEW OF TECHNOLOGIES USED
3.1 Front End Technology
PHP

PHP is a server-side scripting language designed specifically for the

web. Within an HTML page, you can embed PHP code that will be
executed each time the page is visited. Your PHP code is interpreted at
the web server and generates HTML or other output that the visitor will
see.
PHP was introduced in 1994. As of November 2007, it was installed on
more than 21 million domains worldwide, and this number is growing
rapidly. You can see the current number at http://www.php.net/usage.php
PHP is an Open Source project. PHP originally stood for Personal Home
Page and now stands for PHP Hypertext Preprocessor.

Unique Features
If you are familiar with other server side language like ASP.NET or JSP you
might be wondering what makes PHP so special, or so different from these
competing alternatives well, here are some reasons:

1. Performance
2. Portability(Platform Independent)
3. Ease Of Use
4. Open Source
5. Third-Party Application Support
6. Community Support

Performance
Scripts written in PHP executives faster than those written in other scripting
language, with numerous independent benchmarks, putting the language

49
ahead of competing alternatives like JSP,ASP.NET and PERL.The PHP 5.0
engine was completely redesigned with an optimized memory manager to
improve performance, and is noticeable faster than previous versions.In
addition, third party accelerators are available to further improve
performance and response time.

Portability
PHP is available for UNIX, MICROSOFT WINDOWS, MAC OS, and
OS/2.PHP Programs are portable between platforms. As a result, a PHP
application developed on, say, Windows will typically run on UNIX without
any significant issues. This ability to easily undertake cross-platform
development is a valuable one, especially when operating in a multi platform
corporate environment or when trying to address multiple market segments.

Ease Of Use
“Simplicity is the ultimate sophistication”, Said Leonardo da Vinci, and by
that measure, PHP is an extremely sophisticated programming language. Its
syntax is clear and consistent, and it comes with exhaustive documentation
for the 5000+ functions included with the core distributions. This
significantly reduces the learning curve for both novice and experienced
programmers, and it‟s one of the reasons that PHP is favored as a rapid
prototyping tool for Web-based applications.

Open Source
PHP is an open source project – the language is developed by a worldwide
team of volunteers who make its source code freely available on the Web,
and it may be used without payment of licensing fees or investments in
expensive hardware or software .This reduces software development costs
without affecting either flexibility or reliability. The open-source nature of
the code further means that any developer, anywhere , can inspect the code
tree, spit errors, and suggest possible fixes, this produces a stable, robust

50
 product wherein bugs, once discovered, are rapidly resolved – sometimes
within a few hours of discovery !.

Third-Party Application Support

One of PHP‟s Strengths has historically been its support for a wide range of
different databases, including MySQL, PostgreSQL, Oracle, and Microsoft
SQL Server. PHP 5.3 Supports more than fifteen different database engines,
and it includes a common API for database access. XML support makes it
easy to read and write XML documents though they were native PHP data
structures, access XML node collections using Xpath, and transform XML
into other formats with XSLT style sheets.

Community Support
One of the nice things about a community-supported language like PHP is
the access it offers to the creativity and imagination of hundreds of
developers across the world.Within the PHP community, the fruits of this
creativity may be found in PEAR, the PHP Extension and Application
Repository and PECL, the PHP Extension Community Library, which
contains hundreds of ready-,made widgets and extensions that developers
can use to painlessly and new functionality to PHP.Using these widgets is
often a more time-and cost-efficient alternative to rolling your own code.

PHP Server
The PHP Community Provides Some types of Software Server solution
under The GNU (General Public License).

These are the following:

1. WAMP Server
2. LAMP Server
3. MAMP Server
4. XAMPP Server

51
All these types of software automatic configure inside operating system after
installation it having PHP, MySQL, Apache and operating system base
configuration file, it doesn‟t need to configure manually.

WAMP----- Microsoft window o/s,Apache Mysql PHP

LAMP---- Linux Operating System Apache Mysql PHP

MAMP---- Mac os Apache Mysql PHP

XAMPP---- x-os(cross operating system) Apache Mysql PHP Perl

Introduction to HTML

The hypertext markup language (HTML) is a simple markup language. Used

to create a hypertext documents that are portable from one platform to
another HTML documents are SGML (Standard generalized mark up
language) documents with generic semantics that are appropriate for
representing information from a wide range of applications. This
specification defines HTML version 3.2. HTML 3.2 aims to capture
recommended practice as of early ‟96 and as such a replacement for
HTML2.0 (RFC 1866).
A set of instructions embedded in a document is called mark up language.
These instructions describe what the document text means and how it should
look like in a display. Hyper Text Mark Up language (HTML) is the
language used to encode World Wide Web documents.

52
WHY TO USE HTML?

Website is a collection of pages, publications, and documents that reside on

web server. While these pages publications and a document as a formatted in
a single format, you should use HTML for home page and all primary pages
in the site. This will enable the millions of web users can easily access and
to take advantage of your website.
HTML is considered first for formatting any new material you plan to
publish on the web. HTML documents are platform independent, meaning
that they don‟t confirm to any standard. If they are created properly you can
move home page to any server platform or you can access them with any
complaint www browser.
STRUCTURE OF HTML
HTML elements perform a defined task. HTML uses two types of elements

Empty Tags
.Container Tags
These tags differ because of what they represent. Empty tags represent
formatting constricts such as line breaks and horizontal rules. Container tags
define a section of text, formats and dot all of the selected text. A container
tag has both a beginning and an ending.

HTML LAYOUT:
An HTML document consists of text, which comprises the content of the
document and tags, which, defines the structure, and appearance of the
document. The structure of an HTML document is simple, consists of outer.
<HTML>tag enclosing the document header and body

53
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE>the title of HTML document</TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
This is where the actual HTML documents
Text lies, which is displayed in the browser
</BODY>
</HTML>

Each document has a head and body delimited by the <HEAD> and
<BODY> tag. The head is where you give your HTML document a title and
where you indicate other parameters the browser may use when displaying
the document. This includes the text for displaying the text. Tag also
references special and indicates the hot spots that link your document to
other documents.

HTML FORMS:
Creating a form usually involves two independent steps: Creating the layout
for the form itself and then writing a script program on the server side to
process the formation you get back from a form.

To create a form, you use the <FORM> tag. Inside the opening and closing
FORM tags are each of the individual form elements plus any other HTML
content to create a layout for that form.

54
The opening tag of the FORM element usually includes the attributes:
METHOD and ACTION. The METHOD attributes can be either GET or
POST which determines how your form data is sent to the script to process
it.

The ACTION attribute is a pointer to the script that processes the form on
the server side. The ACTION can be included by a relative path or by a full
URL to a script on your server or somewhere else. For example, the
following <FORM> tag would call a script called form-name in cgi-bin
directory on server www.myservser.com

<FORM Method= post action=http://www.mytservser.com/cgi-bin/form-

name.pl>
……………….
</FORM>

METHOD ATTRIBUTE:

The other required attribute for the <form> tag sets the methods by which
the browser form‟s data to the server for processing. There are two ways: the
POST method and GET method. With POST method, the browser sends the
data in two steps: the browser first contacts the form-processing server
specified in the action attributes, and once contact is made, sends the data.

55
BACK END TECHNOLOGY:

MYSQL

MySQL Introduction
There are a large number of database management systems currently
available, some commercial and some free.

Some of them : Oracle, Microsoft Access, Mysql and PostgreSQL.

These database systems are powerful, feature-rich software, capable of
organizing and searching millions of records at very high speeds.

Understanding Databases, Records, and Primary Keys

Every Database is composed of one or more tables.

These Tables, which structure data into rows and columns, Impose
organization on the data.

The records in a table(below) are not arranged in any particular order.

SQL, statements fall into one of three categories.(Types of SQL)

Data Definition Language(DDL) : DDL Consists of statements that define

the structure and relationships of a database and its table.
These Statements are used to Create, drop and modify databases and tables.

Data Manipulation Language(DML) : DML statements are related to

altering and extracting data from a database.
These statements are used to add records to, update records in, and delete
records from, a database; perform queries; retrieve table records matching

56
one or more user specified criteria; and join tables together using their
common fields.

Data Control Language(DCL) : DCL statements are sued to define access

levels and security privileges for a database.
You would use these statements to grant or deny user privileges; assign
roles; change passwords; view permissions; and create rulesets to protect
access to data.

The Syntax of SQL is quite intuitive. every SQL statement begins with an
“action word”, like DELETE, INSERT,ALTER etc.

it ends with a semicolon. whitespace, tabs, carriage returns are ignored.

Some example of valid SQL statements :
CREATE DATABASE employee;
SELECT name FROM users where email =”[email protected]”;
DELETE FROM cars WHERE year_of_manufacture < 1980;

PHP MySQL connectivity

Use the mysqli_connect( ) function to established connection to the MySQL

server.
To access the database functionality we have to make a connection to
database using Php.
mysqli_connect() function is used to establish the connection to MySQL
server.
four arguments need to be passed to mysqli_connect() function.

57
hostname : if you are working on local system , you can use localhost or
you can also provide ip address or server name.

username : if there is a existing user , you can provide username. default

username is „root‟.

password : by default password is blank or null.

dbname : it is a optional field . it is basically a name of the database that

need to be connected.

mysqli_connect(host, username, password, dbname);

host(Server name)---- Either a host name(server name) or an IP address

username---- The MySQL user name
password---- The password to log in with
dbname---- Optional. The database to be used when performing queries

Note : There are more available parameters, but the ones listed above are the
most important.
In the following example we store the connection in a variable ($con) for
later use in the script.

<?php

// Create connection
$con=mysqli_connect("localhost","root","") or die(mysql_error());

?>

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Here localhost is server name. root is MySQL default user name. default
password is blank and database name is my_db. mysqli_error( ) function
provides MySQL connectivity error message.

MySQL Close Connection

<?php

// Create connection

$con=mysqli_connect("localhost","root","","my_db") or die(mysql_error());

//code to be executed.

// Close connection

mysqli_close($con);

?>

after work with the database is done we have to close the connection using
mysqli_close() function
in which the connection to the database is passed.

Client-side Script(JAVASCRIPT):-

JavaScript:
JavaScript is a new scripting language for WebPages. Scripts written with
java script can be embedded into your HTML pages. With java script you
have many possibilities for enhancing your HTML page with interesting
elements. For example you are able to respond to user-initiated events quite
easily. Some effects that are now possible with java script were some time
ago only possible with CGI. So you can create really sophisticated pages
with the helps of java script on the Internet.

59
How can Java Script scripts run?
The first browser to support java script was the Netscape Navigator 2.0 of
course the higher versions do have java script as well. You might know that
java does not run on all Netscape Navigators 2.0 (or higher versions)
versions. But this is not true for java script -although there are some
problems with the different versions.
The Mac version for example seems to have many bugs. In the near future
there are going to be some other browsers, which support java script. The
Microsoft Internet explorer 3.0 is going to support java script. JavaScript
enabled browsers are going to spread soon - it is worth learning this new
technique now. You might realize that is really easy to write Java Script
scripts. We have to know is some basic techniques and some work-around
for problems you might encounter. Of course we need a basic.
Understanding HTML before reading this tutorial you can find many really
good online resources about HTML. Best you make an online search about
„html‟ at yahoo if you want to get informed about HTML. Now I want to
show some small scripts so you can learn how they are implemented into
HTML-documents and to show which possibilities you have with the new
scripting language. The following is a very small script, which will only
print a text into an HTML document.

<html>
<head>
My first JavaScript
</head>
<body><br>
This is a normal HTML document

60
<br>
<script language=”JavaScript”>
Document.write (“this is a java script”)
</script><b r>
Backing HTML again
</body>
</html>

If you are using a java script enabled-browser at the moment then you will
have the possibility to see this script working. If your browser doesn‟t
support Java Script then this output might be some kind of strange…
This is a normal HTML document
This is java script!
Back in HTML again

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 DATABASE MODELS
Single Tier

In a single tier the server and client are the same in the sense that a
client program that needs information (client) and the source of this type of
architecture is also possible in java, in case flat files are used to store the
data. However this is useful only in case of small applications. The
advantage with this is the simplicity and portability of the application
developed.

Server and
client

Database

Two Tier (client-server)

In two tier architecture the database resides in one machine and client in
different machine they are connected through the network. In this type of
architecture a database management takes control of the database and
provides access to clients in a network. This software bundle is also called as

62
the server. Software in different machines, requesting for information are
called as the clients

Server

Client

Client
Database

63
 Three Tier and N-Tier

In the three-tier architecture, any number servers can access the database
that resides on server. Which in turn serve clients in a network. For example,
you want to access the database using java applets, the applet running in
some other machine, can send request only to the server from which it is
down loaded. For this reason we will need to have a intermediate server
which will accept the requests from applets and them to the actual database
server. This intermediate server acts as a two-way communication channel
also. This is the information or data from the database is passed on to the
applet that is requesting it. This can be extended to make n tiers of servers,
each server carrying to specific type of request from clients, however in
practice only 3 tiers architecture is popular.

FEASIBILITY STUDY:

Feasibility study is conducted once the problem is clearly understood.

Feasibility study is a high-level capsule version of the entire system analysis
and design process. The objective is to determine quickly at a minimum
expense how to solve a problem. The purpose of feasibility is not to solve
the problem but to determine if the problem is worth solving.

The system has been tested for feasibility in the following points.
1. Technical Feasibility
2. Economical Feasibility
3. Operational Feasibility.

64
1. Technical Feasibility
The project entitles "Courier Service System” is technically feasibility
because of the below mentioned feature. The project was developed in Java
which Graphical User Interface.
It provides the high level of reliability, availability and compatibility.
All these make Java an appropriate language for this project. Thus
the existing software Java is a powerful language.

2. Economical Feasibility

The computerized system will help in automate the selection leading the
profits and details of the organization. With this software, the machine and
manpower utilization are expected to go up by 80-90% approximately. The
costs incurred of not creating the system are set to be great, because precious
time can be wanted by manually.

3. Operational Feasibility

In this project, the management will know the details of each project where
he may be presented and the data will be maintained as decentralized and if
any inquires for that particular contract can be known as per their
requirements and necessaries.
Implementation:

Implementation is the stage where the theoretical design is turned into a

working system. The most crucial stage in achieving a new successful
system and in giving confidence on the new system for the users that it will
work efficiently and effectively.

65
The system can be implemented only after thorough testing is done and if it
is found to work according to the specification.

It involves careful planning, investigation of the current system and its

constraints on implementation, design of methods to achieve the change over
and an evaluation of change over methods a part from planning. Two major
tasks of preparing the implementation are education and training of the users
and testing of the system.

The more complex the system being implemented, the more involved will
be the systems analysis and design effort required just for implementation.

The implementation phase comprises of several activities. The required

hardware and software acquisition is carried out. The system may require
some software to be developed. For this, programs are written and tested.
The user then changes over to his new fully tested system and the old
system is discontinued.

66
SOFTWARE METHODOLOGY

The software methodology followed in this project includes the object-

oriented methodology and the application system development
methodologies. The description of these methodologies is given below.
Application System Development – A Life cycle Approach

Although there are a growing number of applications (such as decision

support systems) that should be developed using an experimental process
strategy such as prototyping, a significant amount of new development work
continue to involve major operational applications of broad scope. The
application systems are large highly structured. User task comprehension
and developer task proficiency is usually high. These factors suggest a linear
or iterative assurance strategy. The most common method for this stage class
of problems is a system development life cycle modal in which each stage of
development is well defined and has straightforward requirements for
deliverables, feedback and sign off. The system development life cycle is
described in detail since it continues to be an appropriate methodology for a
significant part of new development work.

The basic idea of the system development life cycle is that there is a well-
defined process by which an application is conceived and developed and
implemented. The life cycle gives structure to a creative process. In order to
manage and control the development effort, it is necessary to know what
should have been done, what has been done, and what has yet to be
accomplished. The phrases in the system development life cycle provide a
basis for management and control because they define segments of the

67
 flow of work, which can be identified for managerial purposes and specifies
the documents or other deliverables to be produced in each phase.

The phases in the life cycle for information system development are
described differently by different writers, but the differences are primarily in
the amount of necessity and manner of categorization. There is a general
agreement on the flow of development steps and the necessity for control
procedures at each stage.

The information system development cycle for an application consists of

three major stages.

1) Definition.
2) Development.
3) Installation and operation.

The first stage of the process, which defines the information requirements
for a feasible cost effective system. The requirements are then translated into
a physical system of forms, procedures, programs etc., by the system design,
computer programming and procedure development. The resulting system is
test and put into operation. No system is perfect so there is always a need for
maintenance changes. To complete the cycle, there should be a post audit of
the system to evaluate how well it performs and how well it meets the cost
and performance specifications. The stages of definition, development and

68
installation and operation can therefore be divided into smaller steps or
phrases as follows.
Definition

Proposed definition : preparation of request for proposed applications.

Feasibility assessment : evaluation of feasibility and cost benefit of
proposed system.
Information requirement analysis : determination of information needed.

Design
Conceptual design : User-oriented design of application
development.
Physical system design : Detailed design of flows and processes in
applications processing system and preparation of program specification.
Development
Program development : coding and testing of computer programs.
Procedure development : design of procedures and preparation of user
instructions.

Installation and operation

Conversion : final system test and conversion.

Operation and maintenance : Month to month operation and
maintenance
Post audit : Evaluation of development process,application
system and results of use at the completion of the each phase, formal
approval sign-off is required from the users as well as from the manager of

69
the project development.

HTML CODE:

<html>
<head>
<h4 class="">sign in</h4>
<p class="">Hello, Welcome to your account.</p>
<form class="register-form outer-top-xs" method="post">
<div class="form-group">
<label class="info-title" for="exampleInputEmail1">Email Address
<span>*</span></label>
<input type="email" name="email" class="form-control unicase-form-
control text-input" id="exampleInputEmail1" >
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label class="info-title" for="exampleInputPassword1">Password
<span>*</span></label>
<input type="password" name="password" class="form-control unicase-
form-control text-input" id="exampleInputPassword1" >
</div>
<div class="radio outer-xs">
<a href="forgot-password.php" class="forgot-password pull-right">Forgot
your Password?</a>
</div>
<button type="submit" class="btn-upper btn btn-primary checkout-page-
button" name="login">Login</button>
</form>
</div> </body>
</html>

70
71
Testing is a process of executing a program with the intent of finding an error.
Testing is a crucial element of software quality assurance and presents ultimate
review of specification, design and coding.
System Testing is an important phase. Testing represents an interesting
anomaly for the software. Thus, a series of testing are performed for the
proposed system before the system is ready for user acceptance testing.
A good test case is one that has a high probability of finding an as
undiscovered error. A successful test is one that uncovers an as undiscovered
error.

Testing Objectives:
 Testing is a process of executing a program with the intent of finding
an error
 A good test case is one that has a probability of finding an as yet
undiscovered error
 A successful test is one that uncovers an undiscovered error

Testing Principles:

 All tests should be traceable to end user requirements

 Tests should be planned long before testing begins
 Testing should begin on a small scale and progress towards testing in
large
 Exhaustive testing is not possible
 To be most effective testing should be conducted by a independent third
party

72
 The primary objective for test case design is to derive a set of tests that has
the highest livelihood for uncovering defects in software. To accomplish this
objective two different categories of test case design techniques are used.
They are

 White box testing.

 Black box testing.

White-box testing:

White box testing focus on the program control structure. Test cases
are derived to ensure that all statements in the program have been executed
at least once during testing and that all logical conditions have been
executed.

Block-box testing:

Black box testing is designed to validate functional requirements without

regard to the internal workings of a program. Black box testing mainly
focuses on the information domain of the software, deriving test cases by
partitioning input and output in a manner that provides through test
coverage. Incorrect and missing functions, interface errors, errors in data
structures, error in functional logic are the errors falling in this category.

Testing strategies:

A strategy for software testing must accommodate low-level tests that are
necessary to verify that all small source code segment has been correctly
implemented as well as high-level tests that validate major system functions
against customer requirements.

73
Testing fundamentals:

Testing is a process of executing program with the intent of finding error. A

good test case is one that has high probability of finding an undiscovered
error. If testing is conducted successfully it uncovers the errors in the
software. Testing cannot show the absence of defects, it can only show that
software defects present.

Testing Information flow:

Information flow for testing flows the pattern. Two class of input provided
to test the process. The software configuration includes a software
requirements specification, a design specification and source code.

Test configuration includes test plan and test cases and test tools. Tests are
conducted and all the results are evaluated. That is test results are compared
with expected results. When erroneous data are uncovered, an error is
implied and debugging commences.

Unit Testing:

Unit testing is essential for the verification of the code produced during the
coding phase and hence the goal is to test the internal logic of the modules.
Using the detailed design description as a guide, important paths are tested
to uncover errors with in the boundary of the modules. These tests were
carried out during the programming stage itself. All units of ViennaSQL
were successfully tested.

74
Integration testing :

Integration testing focuses on unit tested modules and build the program
structure that is dictated by the design phase.

System testing:

System testing tests the integration of each module in the system. It also
tests to find discrepancies between the system and it‟s original objective,
current specification and system documentation. The primary concern is the
compatibility of individual modules. Entire system is working properly or
not will be tested here, and specified path ODBC connection will correct or
not, and giving output or not are tested here these verifications and
validations are done by giving input values to the system and by comparing
with expected output. Top-down testing implementing here.

Acceptance Testing:

This testing is done to verify the readiness of the system for the
implementation. Acceptance testing begins when the system is complete. Its
purpose is to provide the end user with the confidence that the system is
ready for use. It involves planning and execution of functional tests,
performance tests and stress tests in order to demonstrate that the
implemented system satisfies its requirements.

Tools to special importance during acceptance testing include:

Test coverage Analyzer – records the control paths followed for each test
case.

75
 Timing Analyzer – also called a profiler, reports the time spent in various
regions of the code are areas to concentrate on to improve system
performance.

Coding standards – static analyzers and standard checkers are used to inspect
code for deviations from standards and guidelines.

Test Cases:

Test cases are derived to ensure that all statements in the program have been
executed at least once during testing and that all logical conditions have
been executed.
Using White-Box testing methods, the software engineer can drive test cases
that
 Guarantee that logical decisions on their true and false sides.
 Exercise all logical decisions on their true and false sides.
 Execute all loops at their boundaries and with in their operational bounds.
 Exercise internal data structure to assure their validity.
The test case specification for system testing has to be submitted for review
before system testing commences.

76
77
Product Details

Contact Us Page

78
Signup and Login Page

Forgot Password

79
User Profile

Change Password

80
Manage Addresses

81
Cart Product

82
Checkout Page

Admin Panel

Login Pag

83
Forgot Password

Dashboard

84
Profile

Change Password

85
Add Category

Manage Category

86
Update Category

Add Subcategories

87
Manage Subcategories

Update Subcategories

88
89
Subscriber Emails

90
91
 CONCLUSION
The package was designed in such a way that future modifications can be
done easily. The following conclusions can be deduced from the
development of the project.

 Automation of the entire system improves the efficiency

 It provides a friendly graphical user interface which proves to
be better when compared to the existing system.
 It gives appropriate access to the authorized users depending on
their permissions.
 It effectively overcomes the delay in communications.
 Updating of information becomes so easier.
 System security, data security and reliability are the striking
features.
 The System has adequate scope for modification in future if it is
necessary.

92
93
 FUTURE ENHANCEMENTS

1. We will implement a payment system that includes a transaction

verification process.
2. We will introduce an order tracking system with detailed product tracking
capabilities.
3. We will incorporate a customer review system to gather feedback.
4. We will establish a multi-category and sub-category system for better
organization.
5. We will develop a fully functional admin dashboard for effective
management of the system.

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95
 References
The following books and websites were referred during the analysis and
execution phase of the project:

Books:

PHP and MySQL Web Development

Book by Luke Welling

Head First PHP & MySQL

Book by Lynn Beighley and Michael Morrison

PHP & MySQL for Dummies

Book by Janet Valade

WEBSITES:
 www.google.com
 www.w3schools.com
 www.tutorialspoint.php
 http://stackoverflow.com

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