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Answer To MCQ

Mcqs for Fsc stufents

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Abdul rauf Khan
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19 views3 pages

Answer To MCQ

Mcqs for Fsc stufents

Uploaded by

Abdul rauf Khan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Answer to MCQ:

The correct answer is:

b) Improved quality

Explanation:
Continuous Integration (CI) enhances software quality by enabling frequent code integration,
automated testing, and immediate bug detection. While CI may indirectly lead to faster
deployment, reduced costs, and enhanced collaboration, its core benefit lies in consistently
improving code quality and reliability.

Differences Between Top-Down and Bottom-Up Software Development


Approaches:

Feature Top-Down Approach Bottom-Up Approach


Starts with the high-level design and Begins with low-level modules and
Definition
breaks it into smaller components. integrates them to form a complete system.
Focuses on the overall system Focuses on individual components or
Focus
structure first. subsystems first.
Develops foundational modules, then
Begins with a top-level overview,
Process integrates them to create higher-level
implementing subsystems step by step.
functionalities.
Testing occurs after the design of the Components are tested as they are
Testing
entire system. developed, leading to early validation.
Used in scenarios requiring a clear,
Used in reusable library creation or system
Examples structured plan (e.g., government
extensions.
software).
Provides a clear vision and ensures Encourages modularity and reusability of
Advantages
consistency. components.
Can delay testing of individual May lack initial clarity of the overall
Challenges
modules. system design.

Design a Simple Software System to Meet Specific Requirements

Requirements:
Develop a Library Management System (LMS) that allows:

1. Book borrowing and returning.


2. User management (students and staff).
3. Search functionality for books.
Design Outline:

1. Architecture:

• Use a modular approach with three layers:


o Presentation Layer: User Interface (UI).
o Business Logic Layer: Handles operations like borrowing and returning.
o Data Layer: Manages database interactions.

2. Core Modules:

• User Management:
o Add, remove, and manage users.
o Assign roles (student or staff).
• Book Management:
o Add and remove books.
o Maintain book availability status.
• Transaction Management:
o Borrowing: Verify user, check availability, update status.
o Returning: Mark the book as available and update records.
• Search Functionality:
o Search books by title, author, or ISBN.

3. High-Level Class Diagram:

Classes:
1. User
- Attributes: user_id, name, role (student/staff)
- Methods: register(), login()

2. Book
- Attributes: book_id, title, author, is_available
- Methods: add_book(), remove_book()

3. Transaction
- Attributes: transaction_id, user_id, book_id, date_borrowed,
date_returned
- Methods: borrow_book(), return_book()

4. LibrarySystem
- Attributes: users, books, transactions
- Methods: search_books(), display_available_books()

4. Technology Stack:

• Frontend: HTML/CSS/JavaScript (or frameworks like React).


• Backend: Python (Django/Flask) or Java (Spring).
• Database: MySQL/PostgreSQL for storing user, book, and transaction data.
5. Workflow Example:

1. Book Borrowing:
o User searches for a book.
o If available, the system records the transaction and updates the book's availability.
2. Book Returning:
o User provides the book ID.
o System updates the availability and closes the transaction record.

6. Additional Features (Optional):

• Email notifications for overdue books.


• Reports on library usage.

This simple design can be scaled based on future requirements and offers flexibility for
enhancements like mobile app integration.

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