Teacher: Mrs.

Jennifer
D. Fortu
School: Calatrava
National High School -
Senior High School
Department
Subject: English for
Academic and
Professional Purposes
(EAPP)
Grade & Section:
Grade 11- HUMSS- C
Heliconias
Date: September 23,
2019
Time: 3:10 - 4:30
P.M.
Teacher: Crystal Pearl G. Tolentino

Subject: English

Grade & Section: Grade 8

Learning Competency: Q4 Use appropriate grammatical signals or expressions suitable to each pattern
of idea development:

 General to particular
 Claim and counterclaim
 Problem-solution
Cause-effect

I. Objective
At the end of the lesson, students are expected to:
- use appropriate grammatical signals
II. Subject Matter
Topic: Grammatical Signals
Reference: https://www.bristol.ac.uk/academic
Materials: PowerPoint Presentation,video clip
Integration: Science
Values: Cooperation

III. Procedure
A. Preliminary Activities
1. Prayer
2. Checking of Attendance
3. Review
What is a cohesive device?
B. Motivation
Ask the students to watch the video clip and answer the comprehension text.
“Signs if You have Diabetes”
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=12CNNORawk8

Comprehension Check-Up

- What do you think the video is all about?

- What are the signs of having diabetes?
- What do you think is the relevant of the video to our lesson?
C. Abstraction
What are grammatical signals?
- are writing devices that serve to maintain text coherence
- they signal the relationship between new sentences and one before it
- are also the important writing devices in text construction

What is Idea Development?

- is the manner or pattern by which a writer or a speaker explains his/her main idea about
a topic in a paragraph or paragraphs
- patterns of organization show the relationships between supporting details in
paragraphs, essays and chapters
- the organization of the supporting details helps you understand how an author thinks
and helps you remember what you read

These are the four most common pattern of idea development or patterns of organization:

 General to particular
 Claim and counterclaim
 Problem-solution
 Cause-effect

General to particular

- the method of explaining by starting with broad (big idea) and following it with
specific (small idea) in support to the main idea
- is sometimes called deductive method

General to particular

Signal words Example

for General statement Generally, primarily, largely, in general

 for Major details First, second, third, another, furthermore,
moreover, in addition
for Particular ideas For instance, for example, to illustrate, to be
specific, specifically, particular, such as, like

Claim and counterclaim

- is a method of developing a paragraph or a longer composition by stating (someone

else’s) claim, by stating you (the writer’s) counterclaim and by following the
counterclaim with reasons for evidences to support the said counterclaim.

Claim- is a statement or declaration of belief, stance or opinion. It is an arguable idea used

to support or prove an argument

Counterclaim- is just the opposite of a claim. It is an idea that opposes or is against a claim.

Reasons and evidence- are important because they support and explain the validity of an
argument

Signal words Example

For Claims Agree,claim, conclude, discuss, illustrate,

observe, say, show, suggest, support,
think,state, propose, point out, explain
For Counterclaims Argue, refute, disagree, oppose, contradict,
however, but, in contrast, otherwise, not
withstanding, in oppositions, nevertheless, on
the other hand, on contrary
For Reasons and Evidences According to, evidence shows, the work of___
indicates, the study reveals, based on the
evidence/data, the author claims
Problem and solution

- the text presents a significant problem and explains it in detail. Then, a possible solution
is suggested. Sometimes, only the problem is exposed because there is no solution.

Answers the Questions:

 What is the problem?

 What is the possible solution?

Signal words Example

For Problem and Solution Answer, challenge, need, difficulty, dilemma,

improve, indicate, plan a need, problem,
propose, remedied, resolve, respond to solve,
suggest
Cause and Effect

- describes or discusses an event/ action that is caused by another event/ action

Answers the Questions:

 Why did this happen?

 What were the result of a particular event?

Signal words Example

for Causes Because, causes, creates, due to, for this reason, if this, the, leads to,
on account of procedures
for effects As a result, consequently, hence, in effect, resulting, since, therefore,
thus

D. Application
 Activity 2. Identifying the Pattern
Directions: To develop the following statements, identify the suitable pattern of idea
development to be used.
1. Having a good study habit can greatly contribute to a person’s academic success.
2. Germs can be classified into several types.
3. Despite its contribution to the economy, cigarettes should still be banned for they pose a
threat to people’s health
4. Swimming is the best sports for senior citizens.
5. Global warming is the biggest enemy that the humankind is facing today, but there are
many ways to combat this problem.

Directions: To develop the

following statements,
identify the suitable pattern
of idea
development to be used.
Write your answers on a
separate sheet of paper.
1. Having a good study
habit can greatly contribute
to a person’s academic
success.
Suitable Pattern:
____________________________
_____________________
2. Germs can be classified
into several types.
Suitable Pattern:
____________________________
_____________________
3. Despite its contribution
to the economy, cigarettes
should still be banned for
they
pose as a threat to people’s
health.
Suitable Pattern:
____________________________
_____________________
4. Swimming is the best
sports for senior citizens.
Suitable Pattern:
____________________________
_____________________
5. Global warming is the
biggest enemy that the
humankind is facing
today, but
there are many ways to
combat this problem.
Suitable Pattern:
____________________________
__________________________
IV. Evaluation

Directions: Complete the

paragraph by filling in
each blank with the
appropriate
grammatical signal found in
the box. You can use each
grammatical
signal once. Then identify
the pattern of idea
development used.
Directions: Complete the
paragraph by filling in
each blank with the
appropriate
grammatical signal found in
the box. You can use each
grammatical
signal once. Then identify
the pattern of idea
development used.
Directions: Complete the
paragraph by filling in
each blank with the
appropriate
grammatical signal found in
the box. You can use each
grammatical
signal once. Then identify
the pattern of idea
development used.
Directions: Complete the
paragraph by filling in
each blank with the
appropriate
grammatical signal found in
the box. You can use each
grammatical
signal once. Then identify
the pattern of idea
development used.
Directions: Complete the
paragraph by filling in
each blank with the
appropriate
grammatical signal found in
the box. You can use each
grammatical
signal once. Then identify
the pattern of idea
development used.
A. Directions: Complete the paragraph by filling in each blank with the appropriate grammatical
signal found in the box. You can use each grammatical signal once. Then identify the pattern of
idea development used.

However Also
This Stories
Meanwhile
However Also This Stories Meanwhile

Stories can be commonly presented in print, audio, and audio-visual format. 1. _________
written in books is a form of print format. It gives the readers more information about the
characters and the plot. 2. _________, stories that are told through radios or podcasts are
examples of audio format. They enable the listeners to freely create different mental pictures of the
characters and scenes as they listen to the storylines. 3. __________, movies and TV series shown in
cinema or televisions are examples of audio-visual format. 4.____________, regardless of the format, all
of them can equally bring entertainment to people. 5. Pattern Used:
__________________________________

However Also
This Stories
Meanwhile
Finally there are
those who claim
Second First I
believe
Finally there are those who claim Second First I believe

Even though school uniforms are not mandatory, 1. ________ that students must be required to
wear one for a number of reasons. 2. _______, it promotes safety since bonafide students can be
easily identified and it reduces security threats. 3. _________, it encourages equality since all
students are viewed in the same way regardless of their socio-economic status. 4. __________,
getting ready for school becomes faster and easier because many students save their time in choosing
what to wear to school. Although 5._______________ that uniforms take away personal freedom,
I strongly believe that wearing uniforms is more beneficial. 6. Pattern Used:
____________________________________

V. Assignment

Choose one (1) of the following tasks below to writing skill. Produce a short paragraph using
grammatical signals.

 Send an email to your teacher using other online flat forms.

 Chat a friend using a Facebook/Messenger. Keep a screenshot for checking.
 Write a short letter to your classmate. Keep a receive copy for checking.

However Also This Stories Meanwhile

Finally there are those who claim Second First
I believe
◦ General to particular
◦ Claim and counterclaim
◦ Problem-solution
◦ Cause-effect