Lecture 1-Introduction To Eng Mechanics

4500ICBTME
Engineering Mechanics
Lecture 1 – Introduction to
Engineering Mechanics
Ms. Sanjana Dias

What is Engineering Mechanics??
• It is the branch of science in which it deals with the laws and

principles of mechanics, and their application with engineering
problems.
• For an engineer, the knowledge of mechanics is very essential. It
helps an engineer in planning, designing, and constructing various
types of structures and machines.
• If an engineer studies engineering mechanics in a systematic and
scientific manner then he can take up his job more skillfully.
𝖣 Mechanics = Bodies + State of rest/Motion + Forces

What is Engineering Mechanics??
Types of Engineering Mechanics
Statics:- Deals with the forces
Engineering Mechanics and their effects on an object or
a body at rest
Dynamics:- Deals with the

forces and their effects on the
Statics Dynamics bodies which are in motion.
Kinetics:- Dynamics which deals

with the bodies that are in motion
due to the application of forces.
Kinetics
Kinematics:- Deals with the
bodies that are in motion, without
knowing the reference of forces
Kinematics responsible for the motion in the
body.
Statics
• Statics, concerns the equilibrium of bodies under
the action of forces.
Space:- Geometric region occupied by bodies whose
positions are described by linear and angular measurements
relative to a coordinate system
Time:- Measure of the succession of events and is a basic

quantity in dynamics.
Mass:- a measure of the inertia of a body, which is its

resistance to a change of velocity.
Force:- An action of one body on another. A force tends to

move a body in the direction of its action.
Particle:- A body whose dimensions are considered to be

near zero
Rigid body:- A body is considered rigid when the change in
distance between any two of its points is negligible for the
purpose at hand
Statics – Scalars & Vectors
Statics – Scalars & Vectors
Scalar A scalar is any positive or
negative physical quantity that can be
completely specified by its Magnitude.
Vector A vector is any physical

quantity that requires both a Magnitude
and a Direction for its complete
description.
Vectors
• Free Vectors
One whose action is not confined to or associated with
a unique line in space.
• Sliding Vectors
Has a unique line of action in space but not a unique
point of application.
• Fixed Vectors
One for which a unique point of application is specified.
The action of a force on a deformable or nonrigid body
must be specified by a fixed vector at the point of
application of the force.
Vector Operations
Vector Addition
Me thod 1: Tip to Tail
1. Move one vector until its tail lies on the tip of the first vector
2. The sum of the 2 vectors is the vector drawn from the tail of
the 1st vector to the tip of the second vecto.r
Vector Addition
If more than 2 vectors
Vector Addition
Method 2: Parallelogram
• Same as tip-to-tail,
1. Vector B is moved down so that the
vectors are tail-to-tail / origin-to-
origin
2. The resultant vector is the diagonal

of the parallelogram formed by two
copies of each vector.
Vector subtraction
The resultant of the difference between two vectors A
and B of the same type may be expressed as
Force
The measure of the attempt to move a body. It is a
fixed vector.
Hence, the complete description must include
magnitude, direction, and line of action
Force
• Vector addition of Forces
Finding a Resultant Force: The two-component

forces F1 and F2 acting on the pin can be added
together to form the resultant force
FR = F1 + F2
Force
Example Questions
 Imagine a Ball suspended by 1000 ropes.
 Each rope is exerting a force on the ball.
 The ball is NOT moving.
 What is the sum of all 1000 forces?
Force
Example Questions
Components of a force
Addition of several forces
• If more than two forces are to be added, successive
applications of the parallelogram law can be carried out in
order to obtain the resultant force.
For example, if three forces F1, F2, F3 act at a point O;
• First find the resultant force of two force vectors and then
find the final vector by adding the resultant force with the
remaining force vector.
Trigonometry
• The three basic functions in
trigonometry are sine, cosine, and
tangent. Based on these three
functions the other three functions
that are cotangent, secant and
cosecant are derived.
• Consider a right-angled triangle, where
the longest side is called the
hypotenuse, and the sides opposite to
the hypotenuse are referred to as the
adjacent and opposite sides
Trigonometry & Vectors
Example 1
A storm system moves 5000 km due east, then
shifts course at 40 degrees North of East for 1500 km.
Calculate the storm's resultant displacement.
Y
X
Answer – Example 1
40
Example 2
• The screw eye in the Figure below is subjected to
two forces, F1 and F2. Determine the magnitude
FR and direction of the resultant force
Example 2- Answer
From the parallelogram, the

vector triangle is constructed
Example 2- Answer
• Using the law of cosines
• Applying the law of sines to determine 𝜃,
• Thus, the direction ∅ (phi) of FR, measured from the horizontal is

ANY QUESTION ????
……END……

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4500ICBTME

Ms. Sanjana Dias

• It is the branch of science in which it deals with the laws and

𝖣 Mechanics = Bodies + State of rest/Motion + Forces

Dynamics:- Deals with the

Kinetics:- Dynamics which deals

Time:- Measure of the succession of events and is a basic

Mass:- a measure of the inertia of a body, which is its

Force:- An action of one body on another. A force tends to

Particle:- A body whose dimensions are considered to be

Vector A vector is any physical

2. The resultant vector is the diagonal

Finding a Resultant Force: The two-component

From the parallelogram, the

• Using the law of cosines

• Applying the law of sines to determine 𝜃,

• Thus, the direction ∅ (phi) of FR, measured from the horizontal is

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