DECISION

MODELLING
PRESENTED BY:

Group No- 02
BANNOTH BALARAJU MBAA24085
BANNOTH HEMANTHLAL NAIK MBAA24084
BHAVYA ALLEM MBAA24086
NAVYA GAYATHRI SINGARI MBAA24104
SANDIP SAMANTA MBAA24120
YAKARI BHAVANA MBAA24145
 OVERVIEW
Role of Transmission System: Connects generating stations to consumers, ensuring
reliable power supply.

Uneven Resource Distribution:

Coal: Central and Eastern India.
Hydro: Himalayan and North-Eastern regions.
Renewables: Tamil Nadu, Rajasthan, Gujarat, Andhra Pradesh, etc.

Major Load Centers: Located in Northern, Western, and Southern regions.

Need for Robust Network:

Inter-regional corridors enable seamless power transfer from surplus to deficit
areas.
Provides nationwide access to power generation.
 PROBLEM STATEMENTS
Transportation Problem for Electricity Distribution in India
This problem involves optimizing the distribution of electricity from power plants to major cities in India. The
goal is to minimize the total cost of transportation (which includes both operational costs and transmission
losses) while satisfying the demand of each city and respecting the capacity constraints of each power plant
and transmission lines.
 ELECTRICITY TRANSMISSION
INFRASTRUCTURE IN INDIA
India’s rapidly growing economy and urban population have led to increasing energy demands in major cities
like Delhi, Mumbai, Bengaluru, and Chennai. To meet this demand, electricity must be transmitted efficiently
from power generation plants across the country. However, the distribution process is complicated by the
varying capacities of power plants, the geographical distance between supply nodes (power plants) and
demand nodes (cities), and the cost of transmitting electricity over long distances.

Types of Plants and Transmission Nodes:

Generation Plants (Supply Nodes): Demand Nodes: Cost Matrix:
The cost of transporting electricity from
Coal-fired power plants (e.g., NTPC Vindhyachal) Capacity 5000 MW Delhi. Demand ~7,000 MW generation plants to demand nodes could
depend on:
Transmission Losses: Higher losses over
Hydropower plants (e.g., Bhadla Solar Park) Capacity 4000 MW Mumbai. Demand ~4,500 MW longer distances.
Operational Costs: Different for
renewable and non-renewable sources.
Solar power parks (e.g.,Sardar Sarovar Dam ) Capacity 6000 MW Bengaluru. Demand ~3,500 MW
Infrastructure Costs: Vary by the
capacity and voltage level of transmission
lines.
Nuclear power plant (e.g., Kundankulam Nuclear) Capacity 3000 MW Chennai. Demand ~3,000 MW
COST MATRIX (COST PER MW TRANSMITTED):
Transmission costs depend on the distance between supply nodes (plants) and demand nodes
(cities). The following table shows the cost per MW for each combination of supply and demand
nodes:
Cost per MW (Transmission Loss + Operational Cost)

PLANT -> CITY DELHI MUMBAI BENGALURU CHENNAI

NTPC Vindhyacha 250 300 400 450

Bhadla Solar Park 200 250 350 400

Sardar Sarovar Dam 220 280 360 420

Kundankulam
270 320 420 470
Nuclear
 Network Model

NTPC Vindhyacha 1 1 Delhi

Bhadla Solar Park 2 2 Mumbai

Sardar Sarovar
Bengaluru
Dam 3 3

Kundankulam 4 4
Nuclear Chennai
 Solution....
Decision Variables:
The decision variables X (ij) represent the amount of electricity (in
MW) transmitted from each plant to each city.

PLANT ->
DELHI MUMBAI CHENNAI BENGALURU
CITY

NTPC
Vindhyachal X (11) X (12) X (13) X (14)

Bhadla Solar
Park X (21) X(22) X (23) X (24)

Sardar Sarovar
Dam X (31) X (32) X (33) X (34)

Kudankulam
Nuclear X (41) X(42) X (43) X(44)
Example Continued
 Objective Function:
The goal is to minimize the total cost of
transmission, so the objective function
will be:

The variables X represent the amount 04

of electricity from each power plant to
each city. The objective is to minimize
the total transmission.
Where:
Cij​: Cost of transmitting electricity
from plant i to city j
Xij​: Amount of electricity (in MW)
transmitted from plant i to city j
x
 Constraints
1.Supply Constraints (Maximum Output from Power Plants):
X (Vindhyachal, Delhi) + X (Vindhyachal,Mumbai) + X (Vindhyachal, Bengaluru) + X (Vindhyachal, Chennai) <= 5000
X (Bhadla, Delhi) + X (Bhadlal,Mumbai) + X (Bhadla, Bengaluru) + X (Bhadla, Chennai) <= 4000
X (Sardar Sarovar, Delhi) + X(Sardar Sarovar, Bengaluru) + X(Sardar Sarovar,Mumbai) + X (Sardar Sarovar, Chennai) <= 6000
X (Kundankulam, Delhi) + X (Kundankulam, Bengaluru) + X (Kundankulam,Mumbai) + X (Kundankulam, Chennai) <=3000

2.⁠⁠Demand Constraints
ij (Meet the City Demands):
X (Vindhyachal, Delhi) + X (Bhadla, Delhi) + X (Sardar Sarovar, Delhi) + X (Kundankulam, Delhi) >= 7000
X (Vindhyachal,Mumbai) + X (Bhadlal,Mumbai) + X (Sardar Sarovar,Mumbai) + X (Kundankulam,Mumbai) >= 4500
X (Vindhyachal, Bengaluru) + X (Bhadla, Bengaluru) + X (Sardar Sarovar, Bengaluru) + X (Kundankulam, Bengaluru) >= 3500
X (Vindhyachal, Chennai) + X (Bhadla, Chennai) + X (Sardar Sarovar, Chennai) + X (Kundankulam, Chennai) >= 3000

3.⁠⁠Non-Negativity Constraints:
X (i,j) > 0 for all i,j

Example Continued
 Output
What is the minimum cost incurred?

Minimum cost is incurred after transferring

power from plants to demand nodals, i.e
Rs.5495000 and total transferred power is
18000 MW
 Solution Summary

On solving the linear

programming through NTPC Vindhyachal :(MW) Bhadla Solar Park: (MW)
excel we get the 1. Delhi---> 1500 1. Delhi---> 0
output as follows: 2. Mumbai---> 500 2. Mumbai---> 4000
3. Chennai---> 0 3. Chennai---> 0
4. Bengaluru---> 3000 4. Bengaluru---> 0

Sardar Sarovar Dam:(MW) Kundankulam Nuclear:(MW)

1. Delhi---> 2500 1. Delhi---> 3000
2. Mumbai---> 0 2. Mumbai---> 0
3. Chennai---> 3500 3. Chennai---> 0
4. Bengaluru---> 0 4. Bengaluru---> 0
Sensitivity Report
The supply for the NTPC
Vindhyachal has now changed
to 6000, what would be the
objective function value?
Decision variables will not
change as the increase is within
the range of feasibility i.e., the
allowable increase is 3000 for
NTPC Vindhyachal but the
objective function value
decreases because negative
shadow price.

Report Contd.....
Sensitivity Analysis

The coefficients of the decision variable i.e

X33(amount of power in MW supplied from
sardar sarovar dam to chennai) is changed
to 200 then what will be the result in
objective solution?

Here is the concept involved, that is Range

of Optimality. The change d value within
the Range of optimal, so the final value of
decision variables will not change but the
objective function value will change as
shown in excel sheet data.
Constraints Impact:
The shadow prices reveal the marginal value of increasing the
constraint's right-hand side (R.H. Side)
For example, NTPC Vindhyachal has a shadow price of -20, indicating
a cost reduction per unit increase in the constraint.
Binding and Non-Binding Constraints:
Constraints like NTPC Vindhyachal, Bhadla Solar Park, and others are
fully utilized (binding), as their Allowable Increase or Decrease values
are minimal.
Other constraints with higher flexibility in R.H. Side adjustments are
non-binding.
Shadow Price Insights:
The shadow price for Kundankulam Nuclear is ∞\infty∞, indicating
that increasing its capacity would significantly impact the objective
value, subject to its feasibility.
Zero shadow prices (e.g., Chennai, Bangalore) suggest no immediate
benefit from adjusting these constraints.
Any Questions?
THANK YOU