Python Programming Notes
Introduction to Python
Python is a high-level, interpreted, and general-purpose programming language. It supports multiple
programming paradigms including procedural, object-oriented, and functional programming.
Variables and Data Types
Variables store data that can be used and manipulated. Python supports several data types
including:
- int: Integer numbers (e.g., 1, 42)
- float: Decimal numbers (e.g., 3.14, 2.71)
- str: Strings (e.g., 'hello', 'Python')
- bool: Boolean values (True, False)
Control Structures
Control structures allow you to control the flow of a program:
- if-else statements for decision-making
- for and while loops for iteration
Functions
Functions are blocks of reusable code. Defined using the def keyword:
def greet(name):
return f'Hello, {name}'
Modules and Libraries
Python has a rich set of libraries for various applications:
- math: Mathematical operations
- os: Interact with the operating system
- pandas: Data analysis
- numpy: Numerical computations
File Handling
Python supports file operations like reading and writing:
with open('file.txt', 'r') as file:
content = file.read()
Object-Oriented Programming
Python supports OOP principles:
- Classes and Objects
- Inheritance
- Polymorphism
Error Handling
Use try-except blocks to handle errors:
try:
result = 10 / 0
except ZeroDivisionError:
print('Cannot divide by zero')
Popular Frameworks
Python is used with many frameworks for different purposes:
- Django, Flask: Web development
- TensorFlow, PyTorch: Machine learning
- Selenium: Automation
