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ITERATIVE CONSTRUCTS
IN JAVA
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INTRODUCTION

• Executing a set of statements repeatedly

until the given task is completed is known as
iterative construct or LOOP.
Looping constructs

• Iteration means repeated execution of set of

statements. This can be achieved by using
loop. Entry controlled Exit controlled
loop loop

• Based on the flow of control, the looping

constructs can be categorised into two types.
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ENTRY CONTROLLED LOOPS

• A looping construct in which the condition is checked in the beginning is entry
controlled loop.

• In this, if the condition is true the control is allowed to enter into the loop otherwise
the entry will be denied.

• There are two types of looping constructs in this category:

• for loop
• while loop
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‘FOR’ LOOP

• This loop is used when the number of iterations are fixed.

• It is fixed iteration looping construct.
• Components of ‘for loop structure are :
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EXAMPLE
for (i=0 ; i< 100 ; i++)
{
System.out.println(“ Welcome to Java”);
}
✓This loop repeats for 100 times i.e., from 0 to 99.
✓Every the loop gets executed the statement welcome to Java is printed.
✓When i becomes 100 then the condition fails and control comes out of the loop.
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‘WHILE’ LOOP

• This loop is used when the number of

iterations are not fixed.

• In this , the block of code gets executed till

the given condition becomes false.

• While loop is unfixed looping construct.

• Syntax of while loop is

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EXAMPLE
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EXIT CONTROLLED LOOPS

• An exit control loop, controls exit of the loop, that's why it is referred to as exit
control loop.
• An exit control loop checks the condition for exit and if given condition for exit
evaluate to FALSE, control will exit from the loop body or else control will enter
again into the loop.
• In this loop body is executed first and then the given condition is checked
afterwards.
• An example of exit controlled loop is Do While Loop.
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BREAK STATEMENT
• When a break statement is encountered inside a loop, the loop is immediately
terminated and the program control resumes at the next statement following the
loop.
• The Java break statement is used to break loop or switch statement. It breaks the
current flow of the program at specified condition. In case of inner loop, it breaks
only inner loop.
• We can use Java break statement in all types of loops such as for loop, while
loop and do-while loop.
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CONTINUE STATEMENT

• The continue statement is used in loop control structure when you need to jump to
the next iteration of the loop immediately.
• The Java continue statement is used to continue the loop.
• It continues the current flow of the program and skips the remaining code at the
specified condition.
• In case of an inner loop, it continues the inner loop only.
• We can use Java continue statement in all types of loops such as for loop, while loop
and do-while loop.
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//Java Program to demonstrate the use of continue statement

//inside the for loop.

public class ContinueExample

{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
//for loop
for(int i=1;i<=10;i++)
{
if(i==5)
{
continue; //using continue statement it will skip the rest statements

}
System.out.println(i);
}
}
}
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INTERCONVERSION OF LOOPS

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i=1; i=1;
for(i=1; i<p ; i++)
do
{ While(i<p)
{
if (a %i==0 &&b%i==0) { if(a% i==0&&b%i==0)
gcd=i; if(a% i==0&&b%i==0) gcd=i;
} gcd=i; i++;
i++; }
} While(i<p);
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 FINITE LOOP 22

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INFINITE LOOP
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EMPTY/NULL LOOP

• Empty loops are used create delay in the execution of the program.
• They are also referred as delay loops.
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// To check Niven number
import java.util.*;
class Sol40
{
static void main()
{
Scanner sc=new Scanner(System.in);
int d,s=0,num,I,n;
System.out.println(“Enter a number:”);
num=sc.nextInt();
n=num;
do
{
d=n%10;
s+=d;
n=n/10;
}
While(n!=0)
if(num%s==0)
System.out.println(“Niven Number”);
else
System.out.println(“Not a Niven Number”);
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Lorven Public School, Chandarapura