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Quarter1 Lesson3 - Parabola1

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8 views11 pages

Quarter1 Lesson3 - Parabola1

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jlynclbznrvr
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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PRE-CALCULUS 11

PARABOLA
LESSON 3
EVERYDAY PARABOLAS

Parabolas can, in fact, be seen everywhere, in nature as


well as manmade items.

Consider a fountain. The water shot into the air by the


fountain falls back in a parabolic path. A ball thrown
into the air also follows a parabolic path. Galileo had
demonstrated this. Also, anyone who rides a roller
coaster will be familiar with the rise and fall created by
the track’s parabolas.
PARABOLAS IN
ARCHITECTURE AND
ENGINEERING

Even architecture and engineering


projects reveal the use of
parabolas.

The famous Golden Gate Bridge in


San Francisco, California, has
parabolas on each side of its side
spans or towers.
Using Parabolic Reflectors to Focus Light
Parabolas are also commonly used when light needs to be focused. Over the
centuries, lighthouses underwent many variations and improvements to the
light they could emit.

Flat surfaces scattered light too much to be useful to mariners. Spherical


reflectors increased brightness but could not give a powerful beam. But using a
parabola-shaped reflector helped focus light into a beam that could be seen for
long distances.
PARABOLA
The parabola is a set of points in a plane that are equidistant from a
fixed point and a fixed line.

The fixed point is known as the focus and the fixed line is the
directrix.

It is a conic whose eccentricity is equal to one.


Properties of Parabola
In the figure,
a. The line through the focus (F) perpendicular
to the directrix (D) is the principal axis of the
curve.

b. The vertex (V) is the midpoint of focus and


the directrix.

c. The distance from V to F or from V to D are


equal and it is denoted by a.

d. The line through the focus perpendicular to the


principal axis is known as the focal chord or
latus rectum whose length is 4a.

e. The focus is the midpoint of the focal chord


whose endpoints are E1 and E2.
GENERAL FORMS

𝒚𝟐 + 𝑫𝒙 + 𝑬𝒚 + 𝑭 = 𝟎
General form of the parabola that
opens either to the right or to the left.
General form of the parabola that
opens either upward or downward.

𝒙𝟐 + 𝑫𝒙 + 𝑬𝒚 + 𝑭 = 𝟎
VERTEX AT ORIGIN (0,0)

𝒚𝟐 = 𝟒𝒂𝒙 𝒚𝟐 = −𝟒𝒂𝒙 𝒙𝟐 = 𝟒𝒂𝒚 𝒙𝟐 = −𝟒𝒂𝒚

Opens to the right Opens to the left Opens upward Opens downward
VERTEX AT ORIGIN (0,0)- SUMMARY
EQUATION 𝒚𝟐 = 𝟒𝒂𝒙 𝒚𝟐 = −𝟒𝒂𝒙 𝑥 𝟐 = 𝟒𝒂𝑦 𝑥 𝟐 = −𝟒𝒂𝑦

AXIS OF
Horizontal or along x-axis Vertical or along y-axis
PARABOLA
OPENING right left upward downward
FOCUS (a , 0) (-a , 0) (0 , a) (0, -a)
EQUATION OF
x = -a x = -a y = -a y=a
DIRECTRIX
ENDPOINTS OF E1 (a, 2a) E1 (-a, 2a) E1 (2a, a) E1 (2a, -a)
FOCAL CHORD E2 (a, -2a) E2 (-a, -2a) E2 (-2a, a) E2 (-2a, -a)
GRAPH
EXAMPLE 1
Identify the standard form of the equation of a parabola given that the general form
is 𝑦 2 − 8𝑥 = 0. Identify all the properties/parts then sketch the graph.

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