Technological University of the Philippines Manila

College of Industrial Education

Professional Industrial Education
Manila

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements

Device Programming
(PROG 5)

Coin Sorting and

Counting Device

Submitted to:

Michael Serrano
Programming 5 Professor

Submitted by:

Junie P. Azul
BTVTEd Computer Programming 3

First-semester
S.Y. 2020-2021
 Table of Contents
Chapter 1: Introduction..........................................................................................................1
1.1. Objectives.........................................................................................................................2
1.2. Scope and Delimitation.............................................................................................2
1.3. Significance of the Study.........................................................................................2
Chapter 2: Review of Related Literature......................................................................3
2.1. Project Materials...........................................................................................................5
Arduino Uno...........................................................................................................................5
Liquid Crystal Display I2C..............................................................................................6
TCRT5000 Sensor Module..............................................................................................7
Push button Switch...........................................................................................................8
2.2. Coin Specification.........................................................................................................8
Chapter 3: Research Methodology.................................................................................10
3.1. Research Design..........................................................................................................10
3.2. Population of the study...........................................................................................10
3.3. Data Collection.............................................................................................................10
3.4. Research Questionnaire..........................................................................................11
3.5. Project Development................................................................................................12
3.6. Actual Project................................................................................................................12
3.6.1. Tools and Materials Used for this Project:...........................................12
3.6.2 Procedure (step-by-step on creating the project)............................13
Chapter 4: Research Analysis............................................................................................16
Chapter 5: Conclusion and Recommendations.......................................................21
Conclusion.................................................................................................................................21
Recommendations................................................................................................................21
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................22
APPENDICES.................................................................................................................................24
Appendix A: Source Code.................................................................................................25
Appendix B: Flow Chart.....................................................................................................27
Appendix C: Circuit Diagram..........................................................................................28
 Chapter 1: Introduction
Coin has become significantly on trades, economy, market, and so on.

Even in history, coins play a significant role in the society. In the Philippines, the

first coins were used in 1861. Until now, people still use coins in their everyday

lives. (Reyes, R., Tan, M.P., Torralba, T.J., 2008). In year 2018, the BSP or the

Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas has announced the new designs of the coins. All the

coins from 1 centavo up to 10 pesos are now metallic silver color, also the 10

centavos were removed because of its soft demand. In July 2019, the 20-peso

note will be changed to coin because of its overuse. (Lopez, M.,2019). Unlike

from the 1 centavo and 10-peso coin, the 20-peso coin has a bronze metallic

ring on the outside, it looks like the old 10-peso coin, making the 20-peso coin

to be the highest coin denomination.

All in all, the usage of the coins is can be seen in daily transactions, and

many establishments such as sari-sari store, mini grocery, etc. some of them

manually sort the coins for future use and count them also manually. This takes

a lot of labor hours, there are machines that count notes or bills, but unlike for

the coins the productions are limited. There are some machines that sort coins

but because of the new denomination this may affect the validity of sorting the

right coin. There are also coin counters, but it doesn’t sort the coins and the

user will be manually sort them out before using the machine, and after that the

user will set the numerical value of the coin that will be counted. On this paper,

the design of the coin sorting and counting machine are updated on the sizes of

the new denomination of the coin. The device is running with the use of Arduino

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Uno. Arduino Uno is a micro controller board, that serves as the brain of this

project.

1.1. Objectives

With the new denomination of the coins ranging from 1 centavo up to 20-

peso coin and the daily demands of coins in every business establishments,

coins are mostly mixed up with other coins. The objectives of this device are:

 To sort the coins automatically.

 To count the total of coins, respectively on its value.

 To lessen the time that sorting and counting of the coins consumes in the

labor hours of worker or the sari-sari store owner.

1.2. Scope and Delimitation

The new denomination coins release by BSP on 2018 are the only

supported coins for this project. Although the older coins are still in circulation

and used for daily transaction. In Section 57 of R.A No. 7653 provides that the

BSP may call in for replacement notes of any series or denomination which are

more than five (5) years old and coins are more than ten (10) years old.

(Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas). As the older coin being demonetize and the

production of the newer coin will be more in circulation the older coins will be

remove by natural attrition. On this project the only coins that are available is 5

centavo, 25 centavos, 1-peso coin, 5-peso coin, and 10-peso coin. Due to

unavailability to get the newer 1 centavo and 20-peso coin, the design of the

project focuses on the available coins.

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1.3. Significance of the Study

The project aims to help people who are in need on sorting and counting

coins automatically. For examples are stores who usually get a large amount of

coin in daily transaction, with the project the device will be able to sort and

count the coins automatically and be able to give faster change to customer or

for changing the coin to notes in banks. Small business (Sari-Sari Stores), Middle

business (Grocery Marts) can be able to use the device.

Chapter 2: Review of Related

Literature
Through the years there are studies develop to find the answers that will

benefit the society. And reviewing past studies will be able to improve the

current study, this is by including the basis of theoretical and methodological

contribution to a particular topic of the past study to the current study. To help

gather the foundation of this research, here are studies that related to the main

topic.

The coin counting and sorting machine are purposely developed to help

recording the quantity of large amount total of the coins, and in every sorting

procedure, the coins are separated individually through its value. Most of the

coin counters and sorting machines are based on the weight, dimension & edge

credit pulses with the use of sensors. (Guan, G. C., 2015). The coin sorting tray

is designed to sort different type of coins based on the size of coin in different

denomination (Richard E. McCarty, Jr., 2001). Coin counters are not new in

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modern technology, it can be seen on vending machines, arcades, laundry store

and other things that running with a coin slot.

In early years coin counting was first introduce in the USA in 1888, the

machine is capable to do wrapping and counting. It consists of a counting-board,

a separate counting tube for each denomination and size of coin, and separate

brass tubes for attacking and wrapping (Jens H. Molbak, 1888).

The process of operation is simple, A handful of coins of any denomination are

placed in a counting tube of the right size. The tube is then run rapidly over the

grooved tracks of the counting-board, where they are deposited. Each track

holds only ten coins. When the coins are all placed on the tracks, the board is

slightly tilted. Thus, throwing the coins into the spaces between the tracks. One

end of the board is then raised, and the coins quickly run down the aisles into

the stacking-tube attached to the end of the tray. This tube contains a paper

wrapper, which can easily be closed when the tube is opened. Formerly coin

counting was a job for an expert, but this machine equals in speed and accuracy

the best of the old-time money-handlers known to banking fame (Jens H.

Molbak, 1888).

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 Figure 1. Coin Counting and Sorting Machine (from Popular Science, 1872; pg.68)

In the Philippines a same study has been made like the first coin sorting

and counting machine made by the USA, in 2017 a research titled

Microcontroller Based Coin Counter with Segregator and Packing System was

published. The project has been made using the Gizduino ATMEGA 328

microcontroller and Arduino programming language. The machine will only

process the Philippine peso coins: one-peso, five-peso, and ten-peso. The final

output of the system is the packed twenty pieces of coins of the three-

denomination mentioned. (Sequera et al., 2017, p. 121).

2.1. Project Materials

The process and the function of the project on this case study are

identical with the principles of the getting the dimensions of the coin in sorting

the coins, and for a counting the coins, a sensor was attached at the end of the

chute into the coin tray wherein the coins are now separated to in numerical

value. The materials to be discussed are significant for the development, thus

other materials such as breadboard, jumping wires etc. are not included.

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Arduino Uno

Arduino is an open source microcontroller which can be easily

programmed, erased and reprogrammed at any instant of time.

Introduced in 2005 the Arduino platform was designed to provide an

inexpensive and easy way for hobbyists, students and professionals to

create devices that interact with their environment using sensors and

actuators. Based on simple microcontroller boards, it is an open source

computing platform that is

used for constructing and

programming electronic devices.

It is also capable of acting as a

minicomputer just like other

microcontrollers by taking inputs

and controlling the outputs for a

variety of electronics devices.

(Louis, 2016, p. 27)

Figure 2. Arduino Uno Rev 3

Liquid Crystal Display I2C

Liquid Crystal Display or also known as LCD is a type of flat panel display

which uses liquid crystals in its primary form of operation. LCD are made up of

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millions of pixels. (Rouse, M. 2019). But on this project, a 16x2 LCD screen was

used, and its dimension is (3.1x1.4x0.7in); the display shows 16 characters on 2

lines. Unlike other LCD screens, the I2C LCD Screen is using an I2C

communication interface. It means it only needs 4 pins for the LCD display: VCC,

GND, SDA,SCL. (dfrobot.com) I2C has a contrast adjust that can be used to

adjust the brightness and contrast of characters displayed on the LCD (Gay, W.,

2017)

TCRT5000 Sensor
Module
The

TCRT5000
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sensor play a vital role in this project. The TCRT5000 is an IR sensor unit. It has

both a Photodiode and a Phototransistor coupled in its package. The photo diode

has two pins (Anode and Cathode) which can be used to generate an IR signal.

Similarly, the Photo transistor also has two pins (Collector and Emitter) which

can be used to read the IR signal that is reflected. This sensor can be used to

detect the presence of object or any other reflective surface in front it, also with

some level of programming it can also calculate the distance of the object in

front it. But the distance can only be calculated for short range objects and is

also subjected to environmental disturbance. (components101.com, 2018) The

measuring distance range from 1mm to 8mm, and the central point is about

2.5mm. (instructables.com).

Push button Switch

Pushbuttons are normally open tactile

switches. Push buttons allow us to power

the circuit or make Figure 5. Process of TCRT5000 Sensor Module

any connection only when we press the

button. Simply, it makes the circuit

connected when pressed and breaks

Figure 6. Plastic Capped Push Button

when released. A push button is also

used for triggering of the SCR by gate terminal. These are commonly seen on

calculators, Push-Button Telephones, Kitchen Appliances, Magnetic Locks, and

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Various other mechanical and electronic devices, home, and commercials.

(components101.com, 2018).

2.2. Coin Specification

With the changes of the of the con design, its specification is also change,

specially its dimension. On this project the coins are separated by its sizes. The

following table is the dimension of the newest coin released in 2019.

Coin Value/ Dimensions in mm

Denomination

10-peso 27 mm

5-peso 25 mm

1-peso 23 mm

0.25 centavos 20 mm

Table 1. Coins and 0.05 centavo 16 mm their respective

dimension

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Figure 7. The new coin design by BSP (2019)

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 Chapter 3: Research Methodology

In this chapter, the researcher will discuss the research design,

delimitation of study, population of the study, instrument for data collection,

research questionnaire and the project development of the study. (Gozon, 2020)

3.1. Research Design

The research strategy for this study is a quantitative research wherein it

measures the level of agreement of the respondents to the statements given.

With a descriptive research design to describe the analysis of the study.

3.2. Population of the study

The population of the study are 20 college students, with a snowball

sampling. Schools and courses of the students are differed base on the

participants acquittances. The respondents are from, Technological University of

the Philippines with 9 respondents, Our Lady of Fatima University with 5

respondents, New Era University and University of Caloocan City with 2

respondents and lastly the Quezon city University and La Concepcion college

with 1 respondent. Most of the respondents are taking finances, accountancy,

and technological related course which will be suited for the research.

3.3. Data Collection

A Likert scale questionnaire was given for the respondents. Ranging from

1 to 5, and 1 being the lowest score while 5 is the highest. The survey form is

disseminated through Messenger, and respondents are freely to let other

respondents to take the survey. The survey form was made using Google form,

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with a video presentation attach, the video presentation contains the

demonstration of the device before the participants answer the given questions.

3.4. Research Questionnaire

Here’s an example research questionnaire given to the respondents.

Statements 1 2 3 4 5

Accuracy of the device

1. The device properly work and respond

accurately

2. The device makes an output as close to

where the
project is expected to be delivered

3. The device displays right and readable

Technology

4. The device integrates technology

5. The device innovation of technology

Aesthetically

6. The device looks visually presentable

7. The device size is easy to store

Usability

8. The device is very easy to use for

everyone

9. The device is very helpful for people who

need to
sort and count their coins. (e.g. sari-sari
store
owner)

10. The device is safe to use

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3.5. Project Development

Implemention
Development
Design
Planning

• Project • Creating a • Integration • Putting the

Proposal skectch of of parts all
the project different together.
• Reserching model. libraries for (ardunio,
project • Trying arduino base
design different • Initial test or the body,
and materials for
function. for the sensor circuits and
better and its sensors)
• Listing model code. • Uploading
materials to functions. • Building the the
be used. body of the full source
project code into
the
arduino

3.6. Actual Project

3.6.1. Tools and Materials Used for this Project:

Tools & Materials

Glue gun or Glue Stick Corrugated board

Cutter Arduino Uno

Ruler Breadboard

Pencil I2C Liquid Crystal Display

16x2

Heat Shrink Tube Jumping wires

Double Sided Tape TCRT5000 Module Infrared

Page | 13
 Sensor

Push button

10k Resistor

3.6.2 Procedure (step-by-step on creating the project)

1. Building the body for the coin sorting

Figure 8. Coin slider wherein holes are cut into corresponding sizes of coin

Figure 9. Main body and the slider attach from the above, the edge of each chute
are cut out for the sensors

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 Figure 10. Make a cover for the top and front

Figure 11. Final look of the body (coin sorting)

2. Placing of the components onto the body

Figure 12. Inserting the TRCT5000 Module in every edge of the chute

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 Figure 14. Placing the LCD Screen on its place.

Figure 15. Connecting all the wire on its corresponding places

3. Uploading of

the code to the Arduino

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 Figure 16. The device is connected to the laptop.

Chapter 4:

Research Analysis
On this chapter, the analysis of the survey forms will be interpreted. Each

question will be analyzing it findings. The findings will help to identify the

strengths and weaknesses of the project, also the finding will be the foundation

for the conclusion.

Graph 1. Bar graph shows the summary of answers by the students in S1

Out of 20 respondents, 16 of them (80%) are strongly agree with the

device is properly working and responding while the remaining 4 (20%) of the

respondents are agree. The graph shows a majority in strongly agreeing the

device is properly working and responding accurately.

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 Graph 2. Bar graph shows the summary of answers by the students in S2

Out of 20 respondents, 17 of them (85%) are strongly agree with the

device is close to what it expect to be delivered while the remaining 3 (15%) of

the respondents are agree. The graph shows a majority in strongly agreeing the

device is properly working and responding accurately.

Graph 3. Bar graph shows the summary of answers by the students in S3

Out of 20 respondents, 18 of them (90%) are strongly agree with the LCD

display what is expected and readable while the remaining 2 (10%) of the

respondents are agree. The graph shows a majority in strongly agreeing the

device displays right and readable output.

Page | 18
 Graph 4. Bar graph shows the summary of answers by the students in S4

Out of 20 respondents, 17 of them (85%) are strongly agree with the

integration technology on device while the remaining 2 (10%) of the

respondents are agree, and 1(5%) are in neutral or neither agree/disagree.

Nevertheless the 5% being neutral the majority of strongly agree shows a large

gap. Thus, the graph shows a majority in strongly agreeing the device is

integrating technology.

Graph 5. Bar graph shows the summary of answers by the students in S5

Out of 20 respondents, 19 of them (95%) are strongly agree with the

innovation of technology used on device while the remaining 2 (5%) of the

respondents are agree. The graph shows a majority in strongly agreeing the

device is indeed innovation of technology.

Page | 19
 Graph 6. Bar graph shows the summary of answers by the students in S6

Out of 20 respondents, 10 of them (50%) are strongly agree with the looks

of device while 9 (45%) of the respondents are agree, and 1(5%) are in neutral

or neither agree/disagree. Strongly agree and agree are close to each other .

Thus, the graph shows a majority in agreeing the device looks visually

presentable.

Graph 7. Bar graph shows the summary of answers by the students in S7

Out of 20 respondents, 12 of them (60%) are strongly agree with the

efficiency on storing the device while the remaining 8 (40%) of the respondents

are agree. Although the closeness of strongly agree and agree are almost

Page | 20
identical. The graph still shows a majority in strongly agreeing the device is

easy to store.

Graph 8. Bar graph shows the summary of answers by the students in S8

Out of 20 respondents, all of them (100%) are strongly agree. As the

device is very easy to use for everyone.

Graph 9. Bar graph shows the summary of answers by the students in S9

Out of 20 respondents, 16 of them (80%) are strongly agree with the

device being helpful for business owners while 3 (15%) of the respondents are

Page | 21
agree, and 1(5%) are in neutral or neither agree/disagree. The graph still shows

a majority in strongly agreeing the device is helpful for business establishments

Graph 10. Bar graph shows the summary of answers by the students in S10

Out of 20 respondents, 17 of them (85%) are strongly agree with the

device safeness while the remaining 3 (15%) of the respondents are agree. The

graph shows a majority in strongly agreeing the device is safe to use.

Chapter 5:
Conclusion and Recommendations

Conclusion

With the innovation of technology, and automated and faster processing

in every work we done. Anything is possible as well for counting hundreds of

coins in a mere second. Based on the analysis from chapter 4, from statement

1-10 the findings are strongly agreed. The respondents are clearly satisfied with

the output of the device. Based on the significance of the study coin sorting and

counting machine may help people who are into business and use coins in daily

transaction, like store, arcade, etc. because of its easier process of sorting ang

counting the coin.

Page | 22
Recommendations

Upon building the project there are some errors wherein the coin is not

detected. It is because of the slope of the slide; this was fixed by putting a

smaller opening instead of bigger opening in the middle part of the slope. This

lessen the bounce of the coins that affects the counting of numbers. But after

this the coin will also move on the side of the chute, creating a small division on

each side and aligning the coin to be detect on the sensors will effectively

increase its effectiveness. The model is only capable of new coins thus it is

recommended to expand its capabilities by adding the older coins as its still on

the circulation.

References:
 Gloria, M. (2018, March 26). BSP unveils new designs for peso coins |

BusinessWorld. BusinessWorld

https://www.bworldonline.com/bsp-unveils-new-designs-for-peso-coins/

 Reyes, R. A., Tan, M. P., & Torrallba, T. J. (2008). Coin Sorting and

Counting Machine. Mapua Institute of Technology.

https://www.academia.edu/34794459/Coin_Sorting_and_Counting_Machin

 Guan, G. C. (2015, June). Design and Implementation of an Automatic Coin

Sorting and Counting Machine. UNIVERSITY MALAYSIA PAHANG.

http://malrep.uum.edu.my/rep/Record/my.ump.umpir.13172
Page | 23
 Popular Science. (1919). Google Books.

https://books.google.com.ph/books?

id=7igDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA68&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false

 Sequera, M., Madrid, C. M., Eborra, C., Lagare, K. E., Laid, M. D.,

Lamaclamac, K., Llamis, V. C., Moreto III, C., & Panaligan, M. K. (2017).

Microcontroller Based Coin Counter with Segregator and Packing System.

International Journal of Engineering and Techniques, 3(4), 116–123.

https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/56615787/IJET-V3I4P16.pdf?

1526887291=&response-content disposition=inline%3B+filename

%3DMicrocontroller_Based_Coin_Counter_with.pdf&Expires=1611252208

&Signature=YzxkdA4cjANeKqUK9X87lSJ-

1DReiqbAoK1Exn78gf3J53tOgOxs~-oyoGLra9A0p2JvMowqmLdkp-

4REKMZKu4fpQuzsyNl16yC4p1JFsKOqsu8zrMv6ycSps~zyrmxyZdBhEHXlFc

wS66onEqu5kiJKkIRALq53AvT9dFnBkAvbdEcAxpK-

1YVmlO1BvyPFh82R2obdgFCCHck4mULC1Zu9c6qtLC-

YiYp88NA3t0IEXAu~PoNkvueW4Mva~pzuA4k6y~KLLRGTFbeqgCDI0r~5VI-

nl3O9Ro3V6E8XC5OH8gLxdzI9z9nT3R~ldurPEs5-

vzqHbVp6DqY1Vmhgg__&Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA

 TechTarget Contributors. (2019, September 13). LCD (Liquid Crystal

Display). WhatIs.Com. https://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/LCD-liquid-

crystal-display

 Louis, L. (2016). Working Principle of Arduino and Using it as a Tool for

Study and Research. International Journal of Control, Automation,

Communication and Systems, 1(2), 21–29.

https://doi.org/10.5121/ijcacs.2016.1203

Page | 24
 Gay W 2017 I2C LCD Displays In Custom Raspberry Pi Interfaces

(Berkeley: Apress) 35-54

 Components101. (2018, May 12). TCRT5000 IR Sensor.

https://components101.com/sensors/tcrt5000-ir-sensor-pinout-

datasheet#:~:text=The%20TCRT5000%20is%20an%20IR,Phototransistor

%20coupled%20in%20its%20package.&text=This%20sensor%20can

%20be%20used,the%20object%20in%20front%20it.https://

www.instructables.com/How-to-Use-TCRT5000-IR-Sensor-Module-With-

Arduino-/

 Instructables. (2018, January 9). How to Use TCRT5000 IR Sensor Module

with Arduino UNO. https://www.instructables.com/How-to-Use-TCRT5000-

IR-Sensor-Module-With-Arduino-/

Page | 25
 APPENDICES

Appendix A: Source Code

//including libraries
#include <Wire.h>
#include <LiquidCrystal_I2C.h>

#define resetButton 7 //Reset Button

//Variables for the TCRT5000 Sensors
#define php5cent 2
#define php25cent 3
#define php1 4
#define php5 5
#define php10 6

LiquidCrystal_I2C lcd(0x27, 16, 2); //Setting LCD (I2C address, width, height)

Page | 26
// Variables for the value of sensors
int sensVal5cent, sensVal25cent, sensVal1, sensVal5, sensVal10;
int resetButtonState = 0;
float total; //Total of the coins

void setup() {
//Initializing components
pinMode(resetButton, INPUT);
lcd.init();
lcd.backlight();
}

void loop() {
//Getting the value of Sensors and transfer it to corresponding int variables
sensVal5cent = digitalRead(php5cent);
sensVal25cent = digitalRead(php25cent);
sensVal1 = digitalRead(php1);
sensVal5 = digitalRead(php5);
sensVal10 = digitalRead(php10);
sensVal10 = digitalRead(php10);
resetButtonState = digitalRead(resetButton); //reset button

if (resetButtonState == HIGH) {
//if reset button is pressed, the value will reset to 0.00
total = 0;
lcd.clear();
}

//if all the sensor detects a reading it will add up the

//coresponding value of the sensors to the total variable
if (sensVal5cent == 0) {
total += 0.05;
delay(50);
}
if (sensVal25cent == 0) {
total += 0.25;
delay(50);
}
if (sensVal1 == 0) {
total += 1;
delay(50);
}
if (sensVal5 == 0) {
total += 5.00;
delay(50);
}
if (sensVal10 == 0) {
total += 10.00;
delay(50);
}

//LCD Display the total of coins

lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
lcd.print(total);
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}

Appendix B: Flow Chart

Start

Power On

Initializing Device
Components

Input Coins

Coin Detected

Is it on Page | 28
Sensor
with value No
of 0.05
Page | 29
Appendix C: Circuit Diagram

Figure 17. Circuit Diagram

Page | 30
Appendix D: Gannt Chart

December 2020 January 2021

Week Week Week Week Week Week Week
1 2 3 1 2 3 4
Project
Proposal
Initial
Planning
Trial Testing of
Model
Orders &
Shipment
Components
Trial Testing
Building the
Project
Code
Implementation
Finalization of
Project
Create &
Collect
Evaluation
Writing Thesis
Papers
Project
Presentation
Week 1 of December start at the 14th day of December. The day when

Project Proposal was approved.

Page | 31

Table 2. Gannt Chart