Scribd
Upload
11 views

2nd Week Lecture Software Engineering Math

Uploaded by

hassanrazaawais786
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
11 views

2nd Week Lecture Software Engineering Math

Uploaded by

hassanrazaawais786
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 42

Topics covered in Today Lecture 23-11-2K24

1. Real Number System

2. Cartesian Product

3. Relation

4. Domain and Range

5. Function

6. Graphical Representation
Cartesian product

Cartesian product of two sets A and B, denoted A × B, is the set of


all ordered pairs (a, b) where a is in A and b is in B
Cartesian product

Q.no.1

Solution:
Cartesian product

Q.no.2

Solution:

Q.no.3

Solution:
Relation

A relation is an abstract type of connection between two persons or object.

(Mother, Son )
Relation

A relation is an abstract type of connection between two persons or object.

(Allah, Human Beings )


Relation

Technically a relation is a set of ordered pairs whose elements are ordered


pairs of related numbers or objects.

Mathematically

Let A and B be two non-empty sets, then any subset of the Cartesian product 𝐴 × 𝐵 is called a binary
relation, or simply a relation, from A to B. Ordinarily a relation will be denoted by the letter r
Function
Function
Function
Function
Function
Function
Chapter 1 Function

Functions are a tool for describing the real world in mathematical terms. A function
can be represented by an equation, a graph, a numerical table, or a verbal
description.
Domain

The set of first elements of the ordered pairs forming a relation is called its domain

(x , y)
Domain

The set of first elements of the ordered pairs forming a relation is called its domain

(x , y)

( All possible input values is called domain)


Domain

The set of first elements of the ordered pairs forming a relation is called its domain

(x , y)

( All possible input values is called domain)

Range

The set of second elements of the ordered pairs forming a relation is called its range

(s, t)
Domain

The set of first elements of the ordered pairs forming a relation is called its domain

(x , y)

( All possible input values is called domain)

Range

The set of second elements of the ordered pairs forming a relation is called its range

(s, t)

( All possible output values is called range)

Example
𝒚=𝒇 𝒙 Read as : Y equals f of x
𝒚=𝒇 𝒙 Read as : Y equals f of x

Dependent Variable Independent Variable


( All possible input values is called domain)

( All possible output values is called range)


A Function can be defined between two Sets

𝑓: 𝑋 → 𝑌 or 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥)

Elements of set A → input


Elements of set B → Output

Definition of Functions

Functions are the mappings which maps each and every


elements of set A to give a unique element of set B

All relations are not a functions but every functions are relations
In these Four relation, tell me Which relation is function ?
In these Four relation, tell me Which relation is function ?

Not Function 1) unique mapping but all


elements (3) are not mapped
In these Four relation, tell me Which relation is function ?

Not Function 1) unique mapping but all


elements (3) are not mapped

Yes Function because 1. Unique


Mapping 2. All elements are mapped
In these Four relation, tell me Which relation is function ?

Not Function 1) unique mapping but all Not Function because 1). element 1
elements (3) are not mapped has mapped two elements

Yes Function because 1. Unique


Mapping 2. All elements are mapped
In these Four relation, tell me Which relation is function ?

Not Function 1) unique mapping but all Not Function because 1). element 1
elements (3) are not mapped has mapped two elements

Yes Function because 1. Unique Yes Function because 1. Unique


Mapping 2. All elements are mapped Mapping 2. All elements are mapped
Often a function is given by a formula that describes how to calculate the output value from the input variable.
Graph of Function
Horizontal Line

Equation 𝑥=𝑎

Examples 𝑥=1 𝑥=2


𝑦 𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑠

− 𝑥 𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑠 𝑥 − 𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑠

− 𝑦 𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑠

Vertical Line
Equation 𝑌=𝑏
Examples 𝑌=1
𝑥=𝑎
Home Work
Home Work

You might also like