Midterm Examination Fall 2021 Program: UG
Department: Electronics and Communications No. Questions: 6
Engineering
Time allowed: 75 mins Date: 19 December 2021 Max. Marks: 60
Course Code - Title: ECE 211 Introduction to Electronics Engineering
Course Instructor: Ahmed H. Abd El-Malek
Allowed Equipment Only calculators are allowed
3
𝐵 = 7.3 × 1015 cm−3 K −2 for Silicon, k: Boltzmanns’s constant = 8.62 × 10−5 eV/K, Bandgap Energy 𝐸𝑔 =
1.12 V for Silicon, Silicon electrical permittivity = 1.04 × 10−12 F/cm, Electron charge = 1.6 × 10−19 Col.
1) [12 Marks] If, for a particular junction, the acceptor concentration is 1018 /cm3 and the donor
concentration is 1017 /cm3 . Assume 𝑛𝑖 = 1.5 × 1010 /cm3.
a) Find the junction built-in voltage.
b) Find the width of the depletion region (𝑊) and its extent in each of the p and n regions when
the junction terminals are left open.
c) Calculate the magnitude of the charge stored on either side of the junction. Assume that the
junction area is 100 μm2.
d) If the junction is connected with a reverse bias voltage VR = 1 V, calculate the new width of the
depletion region.
2) [8 Marks] The Zener in the circuit shown below has a fixed voltage drop of 18 volt
across it as long as 𝐼𝑍 is maintained between 20 mA and 200 mA.
a. Find 𝑅 so that the load voltage remains at 18 volt while 𝑉𝑠 is free to vary from 24V
to 28V.
b. Using 𝑅 of part a, find the maximum Zener current
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3) [15 Marks] A full-wave rectifier circuit with a 2-kΩ load operates from a 220-V
(rms) 60-Hz household supply through a 22-to-1 transformer having a center-tapped
secondary winding. It uses two silicon diodes that can be modeled to have a 0.7-V
drop for all currents. Calculate the following:
a) What is the peak voltage of the rectified output?
b) For what fraction of a cycle does each diode conduct?
c) What is the average output voltage?
d) What is the average current in the load?
e) What is the PIV of the diode?
4) [8 Marks] For the circuit shown below, all diodes are identical with barrier voltage
𝑉𝐷 = 0.7. Find the values of 𝐼1, 𝑉1, and 𝑉2.
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5) [10 Marks] For the circuit shown below
+
𝑉𝑜𝑢𝑡
Find the output voltage 𝑉𝑜𝑢𝑡 , if the input voltage Vi is a square wave given by
6) [7 Marks] Sketch the transfer characteristics (𝑣𝑜𝑢𝑡 versus 𝑣𝑖 ) of the circuit shown
below. Assume ideal diodes.
Best Wishes
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