CLASS: XĪI

CHAPTER : Three Dimensional Geometry

Gajanan Dakua,PGT MATHS

Points to remember:

1Direction cosines of a line are the cosines of the angles made by the line with the
positive directions of the coordinate axes.

2 If l ,m, n are the direction cosines of a line, then l2+ m2 + n2 = 1 • Direction

𝑥2−𝑥1
cosines of a line joining two points P(x1, y1 ,z1 ) and Q(x2, y2 ,z2 ) are ,
𝑃𝑄
𝑌2−𝑌1 𝑍2−𝑍1
, Where PQ=√(𝑥2 − 𝑥1)2 + (𝑌2 − 𝑌1)2 + (𝑍2 − 𝑍1)2
𝑃𝑄 𝑃𝑄

3 Direction ratios of a line are the numbers which are proportional to the direct ion
cosines of a line

STRAIGHT LINE:-

4 Line passing through point A whose position vector is 𝑎⃗ and parallel to 𝑚

⃗⃗⃗ in
vector form is 𝑟⃗ = 𝑎⃗ + 𝜆𝑚
⃗⃗⃗.

Cartesian form: A(𝑥1 , 𝑦1 , 𝑧1 ) & a, b, c be Direction Ratios of vector parallel to

line
𝑥 − 𝑥1 𝑦 − 𝑦1 𝑧 − 𝑧1
= =
𝑎 𝑏 𝑐

5 A general point on the line is

P (𝑎𝜆 + 𝑥1 , bλ + 𝑦1 , cλ + 𝑧1 , )

6 Line passing through two point A whose position vector

is.𝑎⃗ & 𝑏 whose position vector is 𝑏⃗⃗ is 𝑟⃗ = 𝑎⃗ + 𝜆 (b
⃗⃗ − 𝑎⃗)

𝑥 –𝑥1 𝑦–𝑦1 𝑧–𝑧1

Cartesian form: For points A (𝑥1 , 𝑦1 , 𝑧1 ) and B (𝑥2 , 𝑦2 , 𝑧2 )is, =𝑦 =𝑧
𝑥2 −𝑥1 2 −𝑦2 2 −𝑧1

7 For lines having angle θ between them

𝑥−𝑥 𝑦−y 𝑧−z 𝑥−𝑥 𝑦−y 𝑧−z
𝑟⃗1=𝑎⃗1 + 𝜆𝑚1 , 𝑟⃗2 = 𝑎2 + 𝜇𝑚2 or a 1 = b 1 = c 1 & a 2 = b 2 = c 2
 𝑎1 𝑎2 + 𝑏1 𝑏2 + 𝑐1 𝑐2 𝑚⃗⃗⃗1 . 𝑚
⃗⃗⃗2
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 = =
|𝑚
⃗⃗⃗1 ||𝑚 ⃗⃗⃗2 |
√𝑎1 2 + 𝑏1 2 + 𝑐1 2 √𝑎2 2 + 𝑏2 2 + 𝑐2 2

For perpendicular lines 𝑚

⃗⃗⃗1 . 𝑚
⃗⃗⃗2 = 𝑎1 𝑎2 + 𝑏1 𝑏2 + 𝑐1 𝑐2 = 0
𝑎1 𝑏 𝑐
For parallel lines 𝑚
⃗⃗⃗1 = 𝜇𝑚
⃗⃗⃗2 𝑖. 𝑒. = 𝑏1 = 𝑐1
𝑎2 2 2

8 Skew lines in space are lines which are neither parallel nor intersecting.

9 Shortest distance between two skew lines.

For two lines 𝑟⃗1=𝑎⃗1 + 𝜆𝑚1 , 𝑟⃗2 = 𝑎2 + 𝜇𝑚2

(𝑎⃗⃗2 −𝑎⃗⃗1 ).(𝑚 ⃗⃗⃗⃗2 ).

⃗⃗⃗⃗1 × 𝑚
S. D = ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
|𝑚 ⃗⃗⃗⃗ × 𝑚 |
1 2

Condition for two lines to intersect[(𝑎⃗2 − 𝑎⃗1 ). (𝑚 ⃗⃗⃗2 )] = 0

⃗⃗⃗1 𝑥𝑚

|(𝑎⃗⃗2 −𝑎⃗⃗1 ) x 𝑚
⃗⃗⃗⃗|
For parallel line⃗⃗⃗𝑟1=𝑎⃗1 + 𝜆𝑚; 𝑟⃗2 = 𝑎2 + 𝜇𝑚 S. D. = ⃗⃗⃗⃗|
|m

MCQ

Q1 If a line makes an angle 𝟇1, 𝟇2, 𝟇3 with the axes respectively, then the
value of cos 2𝟇1 + cos 2𝟇2 + cos 2𝟇3 is
(a) 1 (b) –1 (c) 4 (d) 3
Q2 Distance of the point (a, b, c) from y-axis is
(a) b (b) |b| (c) |b|+|c| (d) √(a2+b2)

Q3 If the direction cosines of a line are k, k, k, then

(A) k > 0 (B) 0 < k < 1(C) k = 1 (D) k = 1/√3 or -1/√3
Q4 The reflection of the point (a, b, c) in the xy-plane is
(A) (a, b, 0) (B) (0, 0, c) (C) (-a,-b c) (D) (a, b, -c)
Q5 The area of the quadrilateral ABCD, where A(0, 4, 1),B(2, 3, –1), C(4, 5,
0) and D(2, 6, 2), is equal to
(A) 9 sq. units (B) 18 sq. units (C) 27 sq. units (D) 81 sq. units
Q6 The direction cosines of the line passing through two points (2, 1, 0) and
(1, –2, 3) are
(a)(1/√19, 3/√19, 3/√19) (b) (-1/√19, 3/√19, -3/√19)
(c) (-1/√19, -3/√19, 3/√19) (d) (1/√19, 3/√19, -3/√19
Q7 Find the direction cosines of the line that makes equal angles with the
three axes in space.
(a) ± 1/ √2 (b) ±1 (c) ± 1/√ 3 (d) √3
Q8 Find the direction cosines of the line joining A(0,7,10) and B(–1,6, 6).
(A) (1 /3√ 2, 1 /3√ 2, 4 /3√ 2) ( B) (1 /3√ 2, 4 /3√ 2, 1/3√ 2)
(C) (1 /3√ 2, 1 /3√ 2, 1 /3√ 2) (D) (4 /3√ 2, 1 /3√ 2, 4 /3√ 2)
Q 9 If (1/ 2,1 /3, n ) are the direction cosines of a line, then the value of n is
(a) √ 23 /6 (b) 23 /6 (c) 2 /3 (d) 3 /2
Q10 The equation of y-axis in space is
(a) x = y = 0 (b) x = z = 0 (c) y = z = 0 (d) y = 0
Q11 The shortest distance between the two lines are zero if the lines are
(a) Intersecting (b) parallel (c). Skew (d). none of these
Q12 The d.r’s of the line which is perpendicular to the lines 𝑥−7 = 𝑦+17 = 𝑧−6 and
2 −3 1
𝑥+5 𝑦 𝑧−4
= =
1 2 −2
(a) (4, 5, 7) (b) (4, -5, 7) (c) (4, -5, -7) (d) (-4, 5, 7)
Q13 If d.r’s of a line be 1, -2, 2, then its d.c’s are
(a) 1/3 ,-1/3, 2/3 (b)1/3 ,-1/3, -2/3
(c) 1/3 ,-2/3, 2/3 (d) -1/3 ,-2/3, 2/3
Q14 The length of perpendicular from origin to the line 𝑟 = (4𝑖̂+ 2𝑗̂+ 4𝑘̂) +
𝜆(3𝑖̂+ 4𝑗̂− 5𝑘̂) is
(a) 2 (b) 2√3 (c) 6 (d) 7
Q15 The shortest distance between the lines 𝑟 = (5𝑖̂+ 7𝑗̂+ 3𝑘̂) + 𝜆(3𝑖̂−
16𝑗̂+ 7𝑘̂) and 𝑟 = (9𝑖̂+ 13𝑗̂+ 15𝑘̂) + 𝜆(3𝑖̂+ 8𝑗̂− 5𝑘̂) is
(a) 10 units (b) 12 units (c) 14 units (d) 15 units
Q16 The d.c’s of a line parallel to the line 3−𝑥 = 𝑦+2 = 𝑧+2
3 −2 6
(a) -3/7, -2/7, 6/7 (b) 3/7, -2/7, 6/7
(c )3/7, 2/7, 6/7 (d ) 3/7, -2/7, -6/7
Q17 If d.r’s of a line be 1, -2, 2, then its d.c’s are
(a) 1/3 ,-1/3, 2/3 (b) 1/3 ,-1/3, -2/3
(c) 1/3 ,-2/3, 2/3 (d) -1/3 ,-2/3, 2/3
Q18 If l, m, n be the d.c’s of a line then 𝑙 2 + 𝑚2 + 𝑛 2 is equal to
(a)1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 2
Q19 The shortest distance between the lines 𝑟 = (5𝑖̂+ 7𝑗̂+ 3𝑘̂) + 𝜆(3𝑖̂−
16𝑗̂+ 7𝑘̂) and 𝑟 = (9𝑖̂+ 13𝑗̂+ 15𝑘̂) + 𝜆(3𝑖̂+ 8𝑗̂− 5𝑘̂) is
(a)10 units (b) 12 units (c) 14 units (d) 15 units
Q20 𝑥−1 𝑦−2 𝑧−3 𝑥−1 𝑦−5 𝑧−6
If lines −3 = 2𝑘 = 2 and 3𝑘 = 1 = −5 are mutually perpendicular,
then k is equal to
(a) −10 /7 (b) – 7/ 10 (c) –10 (d) –7
CASE BASED
Case-I : Read the following passage and answer the questions In a
diamond exhibition, a diamond is covered in cubical glass box having
coordinates O(0, 0, 0), A(1, 0, 0), B(1, 2, 0), C(0, 2, 0), O′(0, 0, 3),
A′(1, 0, 3), B′(1, 2, 3) and C′(0, 2, 3)
Q21 Direction ratios of OA are
(a) ( 0, 1, 0 ) (b) ( 1, 0, 0 ) (c) ( 0, 0, 1 ) (d) none of these

Q22 Equation of diagonal OB′ is

𝑥 𝑦 𝑧 𝑥 𝑦 𝑧 𝑥 𝑦 𝑧
(a) 1 = 2 = 3 b) 0 = 1 = 2 (c) = =2 (d) none of these
1 0
Once the maths teacher was taking class test on three dimensional
geometry. He select topic of straight line in 3 dimension. He draw a
parallelogram ABCD on the black board

i. Further he called Dinesh to write the position vector of A

as 3i+5j-8k
ii. Next he called Reena to write the position vector of B as
3i+6j+7k
iii. Now he called Harish to write the position vector of C as i+3j-
6k
The Position vectors of D are unknown
Now answer the following questions?
Q23 What is the position vector of D?
a) 2i+2j+8k b) i+2j-2k c) 2i+5j-8k d) 3i+5j-14k
Q24 What is the cartesian form of equation of BD?
𝑥−3 𝑦−6 𝑧−7
a) 1 = 2 = 14
𝑥−4 𝑦−5 𝑧−10
b) = =
1 2 21
𝑥−3 𝑦−7 𝑧−7
c) = =
1 8 21
𝑥−4 𝑦−5 𝑧−10
d) = =
8 7 11
Q25 What is the position vector of point O?
a) 2i+2j-8k b) i+2j-7k c) 2i+4j+8k d) 2i+4j-7k
Q26 Which of the following is the vector equation of the side AB?
 a) r= (3i+5j-8k)+λ(2i+j+15k)
b) r= (3i+5j-8k)-λ(j+15k)
c) r= (3i+5j-8k)+ λ(j+15k)
d) r= (3i-5j-8k)- λ(j-15k))
If a1, b1, c1 and a2, b2, c2 are direction ratios of two lines say L1 and
a1 b1 c1
L2 respectively. Then L1 || L2 iff a2 = b2 = c2
and L1 perpendicular to L2 iff a1a2 + b1b2 + c1c2 = 0.

Based on the above information, answer the following questions

Q27 l1, m1, n1 and l2, m2, n2 are the direction cosines of L1 and
L2 respectively, then L1 will be perpendicular to L2, iff
a. l1l2 + m1m2 + n1n2 = 0
b. l1m2 + m1l2 + n1n2 = 0
𝑙1 𝑚1 𝑛1
c. 𝑙2 = 𝑚2 = 𝑛2
d. None of these
Q28 If l1, m1, n1 and l2, m2, n2 are the direction cosines of L1 and
L2 respectively, then L1 will be parallel to L2, iff
a. l1l2 + m1m2 + n1n2 = 0
b. l1m2 + m1l2 + n1n2 = 0
𝑙1 𝑚1 𝑛1
c. 𝑙2 = 𝑚2 = 𝑛2
d. None of these
Q29 The coordinates of the foot of the perpendicular drawn from the point
A(1, 2, 1) to the line joining B(1, 4, 6) and C(5, 4, 4), are
a. (1, 2, 1) b. (2, 4, 5) c. (3, 4, 5) d. (4, 3, 5)
Q30 The lines 𝑥−2 𝑦+1
= −2 = 0
𝑧−2 𝑥−1 𝑦+3/2 𝑧+5
and 1 = −3/2 = 2 are
3
parallel
b. perpendicular
c. skew lines
d. non-intersecting
Q31 The direction ratios of the line which is perpendicular to the lines with
direction ratios proportional to (4, -3, 5) and (3, 4,5) are
a) (-35, -5, 25) b) (35, 5, -25) c) (-35, -5, -25) d) (-35, 5, 25)

The equation of motion of a rocket are : x = 2t, y = -4t, z = 4t, where

the time ‘t' is given in seconds, and the distance measured is in
kilometres
 Based on the above information, answer the following questions

Q32 What is the path of the rocket?

a. Straight line
b. Circle
c. Parabola
d. none of these
Q33 Which of the following points lie on the path of the rocket?
a. (0, 1, 2)
b. (1, -2, 2)
c. (2, -2, 2)
d. none of these
Q34 At what distance will the rocket be from the starting point (0, 0, 0) in 5
seconds?

(a) √550 km
(b) √450 km
(c) √650 km
(d) √750 km

Q35 If the position of rocket at certain instant of time is (3, -8, 10), then what
will be the height of the rocket from the ground, which is along the xy-
plane?
(a) 10 km
(b) 20 km
(c) 12 km
(d) 11 km
OBJECTIVE TYPE

Q36 Find the direction cosines of the line (4−𝑥)

=
𝑦
=
1−𝑧
2 6 3
Q37 Find the vector equation of a line which passes through the points (3, 4,
–7) and (1, –1, 6).
Q38 The equation of a line are 5x – 3 = 15y + 7 = 3 –10z. Write the direction
 cosines of the line
Q39 Write the vector equation of a line passing through the point (1, –1, 2)
(𝑥−3) 𝑦−1 𝑧+1
and parallel to the line whose equation is = 2 = −2
1
Q40 The x-coordinate of a point on the line joining the points P(2, 2, 1) and
Q(5, 1, –2) is 4. Find its z-coordinate

Q41 Find the value of k so that the lines x = – y = kz and x – 2 = 2y + 1 = –z

+ 1 are perpendicular to each other

Q42 Find the vector equation of the line passing through the point A (1, 2, –1)
and parallel to the line 5x – 25 = 14 – 7y = 35z.
Q43 Find the coordinates of the point where the line through (–1, 1, –8) and
(5, –2, 10) crosses the ZX-plane
Q44 If a line makes angles 90o , 60o , 30o with the x,y and z axes
respectively, find its direction cosines

Q45 Find the distance of the point (3, -5, 12) from x-axis.
Q46 Find the distance of the point (2, 3, 4) from y-axis.

Q47 If a line has direction ratios proportional to 2, -1, -2, then what are its
direction cosines?

Q48 Write the distances of the point (7, -2, 3) from XY, YZ and XZ-planes

Q49 Find the vector equation of the line passing through the points (-1, 0, 2)
and (3, 4, 6)

Q50 The vector equation of a line is 𝑟 = −2𝑖̂+ 3𝑗̂− 3𝑘̂ + (2𝑖̂+ 𝑗̂+ 2𝑘̂).
Find the Cartesian equation of the line.

SHORT QUESTIONS

Q51 Find the vector and Cartesian equations of the line through the point (5,
2, -4) and which is parallel to the vector 3i+2j-8k.

Q52 Find the points on the line (𝑥+2)

=
𝑦+1
=
𝑧−3
at a distance of 5 units from
3 2 2
the point P(1, 3, 3)

Q53 Find the foot of the perpendicular from the point P( 0, 2, 3) on the line
𝑥+3 𝑦−1 𝑧+4
= 2 = 3 . Also find the length of the perpendicular.
5

Q54 Find the shortest distance between the lines r=(4i-j)+λ(i+2j-3k) and (i-
j+2k)+𝛖(2i+4j-5k)
Q55 Find the shortest distance between the lines whose vector equations are
r= (i+2j+3k)+ λ(2i+3j+4k) and r=(2i+4j+5k)+𝛖(4i+6j+8k)

Q56 If the equations of a line AB are 3−𝑥

=
𝑦+2
=
𝑧−5
Write the direction
1 −2 4
 ratios of a line parallel to AB.

Q57 Write the vector equation of a line given by 𝑥−5

=
𝑦+4
=
𝑧−6
3 7 2

Q58 Find the distance between the parallel lines: 𝑟⃗. ( 2𝑖̂− 𝑗̂+ 3̂𝑘 ) = 4 𝑎𝑛𝑑
𝑟⃗. ( 6𝑖̂− 3 𝑗̂+ 9 𝑘̂ ) + 13 = 0

Q59 If a line makes angle 𝛼, 𝛽, 𝛾 with positive directions of x- axis, y-axis and
z-axis respectively, then find the value of sin2 𝛼+ sin2 𝛽 + sin2 𝛾.

Q60 If the equation of a line is x = ay + b, z = cy + d, then find the passing

point and direction ratios of the line.

Q61 Find the angle between the pair of lines given by

r=( 3𝑖̂+2 𝑗̂-4 𝑘̂)+λ( 𝑖̂+2 𝑗̂+ 2 𝑘̂) and r=( 𝑖̂-2 𝑗̂)+𝛖( 3𝑖̂+2 𝑗̂+
6𝑘̂)

Q62 Find the angle between the pair of lines 𝑥−3

=
𝑦−1
=
𝑧+3
and
𝑥+1
=
𝑦−4
=
𝑧−5
3 5 4 1 1 2

Q63 Find the distance between the lines l 1 and l 2 given by r=( 𝑖̂+2 𝑗̂-4
𝑘̂)+λ( 2𝑖̂+3 𝑗̂+ 6 𝑘̂) and r=( 3𝑖̂+3 𝑗̂-5 𝑘̂)+𝛖( 2𝑖̂+3 𝑗̂+ 6 𝑘̂)

Q64 Find the angle between the following pair of lines: 𝑥−2
=
𝑦−1
=
𝑧+3
and
2 5 −3
𝑥+2 𝑦−4 𝑧−5
= =
−1 8 4

Q65 Find the values of p so that the lines 1−𝑥

=
7𝑦−14
=
𝑧−3
and
7−7𝑥
=
𝑦−5
=
6−𝑧
3 2𝑝 2 3𝑝 1 5
are at right angles.

Q66 Show that the lines 𝑥−5

=
𝑦+2
=
𝑧
and
𝑥
=
𝑦
=
𝑧
are
7 −5 1 1 2 3
perpendicular.
Q67 Find the vector and Cartesian equation of the lines that passes through
the origin and (5,-2,3)

Q68 Are the lines whose direction ratios are a, b, c and 𝑏 − 𝑐, 𝑐 − 𝑎, 𝑎 − 𝑏

perpendicular.

Q69 Show that the line through the points (4, 7, 8) and (2, 3, 4) is parallel to
the line through the points (-1, -2, 1) and (1, 2, 5).

Q70 How that the points (2, 3, 4), (-1, 1, 2) and (5, 5, 6) are collinear.

LONG QUESTIONS

Q71 Prove that the lines: 𝑥−4

=
𝑦+3
=
𝑧+1
and
𝑥−1
=
𝑦+1
=
𝑧+10
intersect each
1 −4 7 2 −3 8
other and find the point of intersection.
Q72 Find the equation of a line passing through the point (2,1,3) and
𝑥−1 𝑦−2 𝑧−3 𝑥 𝑦 𝑧
perpendicular to the line: = 2 = 3 and : −3 = 2 = 5
1
Q73 Find the image of the point (1, 6, 3) on the line 𝑥
=
𝑦−1
=
𝑧−2
1 2 3
Q74 Let the point p (5, 9, 3) lies on the top of Qu tub Minar, Delhi. Find the
𝑥−1 𝑦−2 𝑧−3
image of the point on the line = = Do you think that the
2 3 4
conservation of monuments is important and why?

Q75 Two bikers are running at the Speed more than allowed speed on the
road along the Lines ⃗r . ( 𝑖̂+ 𝑗̂- 𝑘 ) +λ (3𝑖̂− 𝑗̂) and ⃗r . ( 4𝑖̂- 𝑘 ) +λ (
2𝑖̂+3k) Using Shortest distance formula check whether they meet to an
accident or not? While driving should driver maintain the speed limit as
allowed. Justify?
Q76 Prove that the line through A(0, –1, –1) and B(4, 5,1) intersects the line
through C(3, 9, 4) and D(–4, 4, 4).

Q77 Show that the lines r=3 i+2j-4k +λ (i+2j+2k) and r=5i-2j+𝜐(3i+2j+6k)
are intersecting. Hence find their point of intersection.
Q78 Show that the lines 𝑥+1
=
𝑦+3
=
𝑧+5
and
(𝑥−2)
=
𝑦−3
=
𝑧+6
3 5 7 1 3 5
intersect. Also find their point of intersection
Q79 Find the perpendicular distance of the point (1, 0, 0) from the line
𝑥−1 𝑦+1 𝑧+10
= = . Also find the coordinates of the foot of the
2 −3 8
perpendicular and the equation of the perpendicular.

Q80 Find the Cartesian and vector equation of the line passing through the
𝑥 𝑦 𝑧
point (–1, 3, –2) and perpendicular to the lines = = and
1 2 3
(𝑥+2) 𝑦−1 𝑧+1
= = .Hence obtain its distance from origin.
−3 2 5

Q81 Find the equations of diagonals of parallelogram ABCD whose vertices are
A(4,2,-6),B(5,-3,1),C(12,4,5),D(11,9,-2).Use these equations to find the
point of intersection of diagonals.

Answer

MCQ

1. (b) –1
2. (d) √(a2+b2)

3. (D) k = 1/√3 or -1/√3

4. (D) (a, b, -c)

5. (A) 9 sq. units

6. c) (-1/√19, -3/√19, 3/√19)

7. (c) ± 1/√ 3
8. (A) (1 /3√ 2, 1 /3√ 2, 4 /3√ 2)
9. (a) √ 23 /6
10 x=z=0

11 (b) parallel

12 (a). (4, 5, 7)

13 (c) 1/3 ,-2/3, 2/3

14 √6

15 14 units

16 (a) -3/7, -2/7, 6/7

17 (c) 1/3 ,-2/3, 2/3

18 (a)1

19 14 units

20 (a) −10 /7

21. (b) ( 1, 0, 0 )
𝑥 𝑦 𝑧
22. (a) 1 = 2 = 3

23. d) 3i+5j-14k

24. (a)
𝑥−3
=
𝑦−6
=
𝑧−7
1 2 14

25. (d) 2i+4j-7k

26. (c)r= (3i+5j-8k)+ λ(j+15k)

27. (a) l1l2 + m1m2 + n1n2 = 0
28. 𝑙1 𝑚1 𝑛1
(𝑎) = =
𝑙2 𝑚2 𝑛2
29. (c) (3, 4, 5)
30. (b) perpendicular
31. (a) (-35, -5, 25)

32. (a) Straight line

33. (c) (2, -2, 2)

34. (c) √650 km

35. (a) 10 km
36. 2 6 3
,− 7, 7
7
37. r=3 i+4j-7k +λ(-2i-5j+13k)

38. 6
,− 7,
2 −3
7 7
39 r= i-j+2k +λ(i+2j-2k)

40. -1

41. k=2

42. r= i+2j-k +λ(7i-5j+k)

43. (1,0-2)

44. (0, ½,√3/ 2)

45. 13 units

46. 5 units

47. (√𝑎2
𝑎
, √𝑎2
𝑏
,
𝑐
)
+𝑏2 +𝑐2 +𝑏2 +𝑐2 √𝑎2 +𝑏2 +𝑐2
48. 2/3,-1/3,-2/3

49. r=- i+2k +λ(4i+4j+4k)

50. 𝑥+2 𝑦−3 𝑧−3
= =
2 1 2
51 Ans
𝑥−5
=
𝑦−2
=
𝑧+4
3 2 −8
52 (-2, -1, 3) and (4, 3, 7)
53 Foot of the perpendicular L= (2, 3 -1) and √21
54 6/√5
55 52/√29
56 d.rs. of any line parallel to AB are -1, -2, 4

57 r=5 i-4j-6k +λ(3i+7j+2k)

58. 25 /3√14 unit

59. 2

60. Direction ratio= ( a,1,c)

passing point =( b,0,d)
61. Ø=cos−1 (21)
19

62. Ø=cos−1 (8√3/15)

63. √293/7 units

64 Ø=cos−1 (26/9√38)

65 P=70/11

66. Show that l1l2 + m1m2 + n1n2 = 0

𝑥 𝑦 𝑧
67. 𝑟 → = (5 𝑖 −2𝑗 + 3𝑘), 5
= −2 = 3

68. Yes
69. AB line is parallel to BC line

70 Given points are collinear.

71. Point of intersection (5,-7,6)

72. 𝑥−2 𝑦−1
= −7 = 4
𝑧−3
2
73. Image of point (1,0,7)
74. The point of image is (3, 5, 7) Conservation of monuments is very
important because it is a part of our history and their contribution.
75. S.D =0, this means they meet to an accident. If a driver follow speed
limit there will be minimum chance of accident.

77. point of intersection is (–1, –6, –12)

78. point of intersection is (1/2,-1/2,-3/2)

79. required foot of perpendicular (3, –4, –2), perpendicular distance 2 √6
𝑥−1 𝑦 𝑧
units., equation of perpendicular 2 = −4 = −2
80. 𝑥+1 𝑦−3 𝑧+2
= =
2 −7 4

NAME OF TEACHER :GAJANAN DAKUA