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The Cultural Model: Focuses on the cultural, historical, and social context in which a literary work was
produced. It emphasizes the role of literature in exploring different cultures, societies, and ideologies.
The Language Model: Focuses on how literature can be used to develop language skills, such as
vocabulary, grammar, and reading comprehension. The primary goal is improving students'
proficiency in the language through exposure to literary texts.
The Personal Growth Model: Emphasizes the personal and emotional development of students. It
encourages students to reflect on their own lives and experiences in relation to the literature they read,
promoting empathy, self-awareness, and personal insight.
The Cultural Model examines literature's reflection of social and historical contexts.
The Personal Growth Model encourages self-reflection and personal engagement with literature.
Advantages:
Promotes deeper understanding of cultural diversity.
Encourages critical thinking about social, political, and historical issues.
Helps students appreciate the broader context of the work.
RONDINA, MICHAEL S. BSED ENGLISH 2-A
Disadvantages:
Can be difficult for students to relate to if the cultural context is very different from their own.
May overemphasize context at the expense of individual engagement with the text.
Can be overly academic or complex for some students.
By engaging with literature, students encounter rich vocabulary, idiomatic expressions, and complex
sentence structures.
Literary texts often provide examples of various language registers, helping students to better
understand different tones, styles, and contexts of language use.
Literature can introduce students to different genres and writing styles, expanding their linguistic range
and improving their overall fluency.
The Personal Growth Model focuses on the emotional and reflective aspects of reading literature. It
encourages students to relate personal experiences and emotions to the themes, characters, and events
in the text.
It bridges the gap between the Cultural and Language models by providing an emotional connection
to the material (from the cultural perspective) while also encouraging deeper personal reflection (from
the language perspective). This model fosters critical thinking, empathy, and self-exploration.
RONDINA, MICHAEL S. BSED ENGLISH 2-A
5. Key Features of the Integrated Model of Teaching Literature (Duff and Maley):
The Integrated Model combines aspects of the cultural, language, and personal growth models to
create a holistic approach to teaching literature.
It emphasizes a balanced approach where students not only improve their language skills but also
engage deeply with the cultural and emotional aspects of literature.
This model encourages active participation, critical thinking, and the development of personal
interpretations of texts. It seeks to create a meaningful and enjoyable reading experience for students,
rather than just a tool for language learning or cultural understanding.